4 ami flMLmHasi "1 th Eng- was about the clique cf gentry in Dablht who drew on their humble neighbour to their rain, and then stole amy into the darkness. Oar amazement is lisi and Scottish ashaols will be ample. I Sat. is this' all. Fdr the TariintVCban- jmtasiraera bisve not contepteil themselvaB With jre- portmg upon 4ha state of British education.
The' OWELTY to AWHALS. The. ROYAL SOCCKTYforttie PRKVEtrTION of OBUBLTY to ANIMALS a to announce their Mouth Return of Convictions. I Country, i London. I Total.
68 1 SO I. 88 461 I 1B 1 S7 All the costs (all upon tie Society, when the offenders are omnri-ed to prison; alio heavy legal esnse fa ftppeaVeajra. The snppo of the pub-ic Is urgently needed to prevent a o( operations. Subscriptions and dosstioua rany be transmitted by poet, or through any London or country bankers. All letters should be addressed to No.
12, Pall-mall, S.W. JOHN C0LAM, Secretary. Dukaoi Nsjws and his rdaagiiaii Wsjfatiro posiaona aerSant and young raouva pnmna 01 aervant and TBLBGBafrfflO mELLIQENCE. PABtB, Srai. 13.
The JHonttVwr of this evening says, in its bulletin, "The Powers have removed all the difnooltiea relative to tbe treaty for the navigation of the Danube, which will be sighed shortly." The Paine states that M. de Sartigea is now in Paris, and will return to Borne, in three weeks. THS PARIS BOURSE. PABIS. Seft.
13. 3.30 p.k. THE FRENCH ARMY. (raos! a eoBsxspoBDiirr.) VERSAILLES, Sept At the end of my last letter I promised to giy, some account of the French courts-martial, or tribu nana: de -guerre. These tribunals are not constituted in the same way as our English military courts, to which, indeed, they canhardly be said to be at all analogonir.
Li the first place, we have three kinds of courts-martial general, garrison, and rem. mental, each one with higher powers than tL other. In our army a regimental court-martial is ordered by the officer commanding the recimeni-. that the shopmen, and boatmeny and crofters, and artisans of Cork and Kerry can expect any good from a nsiDg at this time of day, and cm suppose themselves to have any which, justifies such arising. Yet if we would recall what we have known, we shall consider that thit''is what baa happened again and again, with only the difference which is so small to the less educated' Irishmen that there is not, ihia time, any reason or pretence for what they are saying and planning.
In 1848 iron hoops were to be heated rod hot, and dropped from baloonies on the shoulders of the English soldiers as they marched past, and molten lead was to be poured on. their heads. This was strange enough, but it was more strange five years afterwards, when all waa peace, and quiet, and the country waa thriving, the Dublin shopmen by hundreds were talking of the glo- rious days to come, when they should wade ankle-deep in British blood in the streets of Dub lin. When we consider what the mode of patriotic talk is in Ireland, we shall marvel the less at the expectations of the Fenians of what they are to see in a month, or in a few days. They expect to see, before the days get much shorter, a fleet from America (some add a squadron of French ships) bringing an army of 50,000 men, and the means of arming 200,000 more, who will assemble to join them.
There is to be plenty of gold, and of everything else that can be desired and then the united forces will carry everything before them. To what end? That is the question which brings us to a standj as it would them, but for the perfection to which the managers have wrought up tne mam peculiarity of Irish plotting. Nothing is told on official authority of the aim and plan of tne enterprise and every' man is encouraged to expect what he would like best. There are big talkers from' America who announce rjrodirious changes as on the point ef occurring, and who exhibit their gold and their swords and revolvers in evidence but these are mot the Irion Fenians for whom we are feeling so deep a From the poor fellows who drill, and play the patriotic football, there is one uniform testimony- tbat they do not know who. the leaders are that tbay do sot know the name of anyone of the leaders that they know, nothing of th object of the invasion.
except that it is to free Irelans nor of any step towards it. xtiey are to repass; they aa to hold tnemselves ready: tbsy are to-obey and they suppose that at the prayer time they shall1 be told what they are to be ready for, ami whom tibey are to roilow. ail of them talk alray and freedom for themselves, andf shame al ruin tor England and to one this means mm Irish throne, with MjbchklxV Mka.jjser on it 'T to another, a comfortable farm in the full posseseion of every to a third, the having bis foot on the necks of Englishmen to a fourth, a republic at home, under which maa shall place and sower and soo throuehi the whole range of batusn deswss. If it seems incredible that mnlfiifcudeas men should stake their all, and' risk th life-bleed of their country, for such daaamB as these, we consider another jpeculiasisy of low Irish Hiom that whole populations hear nothing but sedition all their lives through. They read only Ionian speeches in the sewsptkers on acta sides- the Atlantic they hear only Ionian oratory thej are orougnt up on tne tractions ofe rebellion, and their heroes are- the taabtors or the misonaded patriots who have-died by the halte? or the: arms of the police.
lb must startle theasnow task their priests are against them even tothe point of re fusing the rites of the Chttrch to sworn Feasant but, thus far, the priests, have tike worst. it. What compassion can too deep, for delusion, so Strong as, this Again, we must bear in mind the utter ignor ance this order of minds of the scope of the task of ruling a country the absence of all conr tyinnni san4 i'i. mount duty for a servant to perform hut when, instead of the young groom finds himself accompanying a Jajdy, is evident that the mistress are not iwhat they were, and that the barriers of respect are removed. It win then depend on circumstance and opportunity quite.as much on any fear of consequences on the one Bide or the other, what the of the vulgar romance to be.
It seems that the Bra-bantio of this country narsonasa harl nothing inconvenient or unusual in ttm in. ui. uia iHuioiHii ana iim sMnm young lady had begun to fancy herself in love nth the lad, and so deeply in love, that when he was suddenly discharged, she waited for him in the passage, and told him to be at her window at night upon her signal. Accordingly, George Smith cams to the window at night, andsaw, and was conquered, in spite of his own reluctance and very mrtnli ti MUftU HUC sua win. ine young lady dropped down from her window, after the manner of the fifth act of a Lyceum drama and fell not into, but through her innocent lover's anna, so that he could not choose but pick her up.
And as ail tne household were abed, and the young lady had, so to speak, burnt her ships behind her, there was no alternative but to be off together for better or for worse. The young lady, however, had begun her little orama as tne wrong end. After dropping down the ivied wall, the sober realities of a workaday world had to be faced. How to get marriedj aud what to live on afterwards? This young man, who may be recommended to the attention of the authoress of Audrey's Secret" as a new type of groom, beloved yet self-denying, prepossessing yet conscientious appears, on his own showing and on the young lady's evidence, to have conducted himself, from Srai to iaat '-with the most chivalrous honour nd self-restrainti Ste refused to be indebted to the lady for a penny, and declared that he would work for both. Josxfh, at the Court Pharaoh, was! tempted, it is true, and resisted the tempter, but, Joseph had a character and a situation to lose, while George Smith had alreadv lost both character and situation before he allowed himsellJ to ne eatfted away hot by his own feelings, but by those of a young lady who had, perhaps, been dosing herself with romances' of the Lsdv Audrey school, and wanted to see life as Miss Bkadbok paints it At any rate, this exemplary pair of lovers lived together, strictly unmarried, for several days beJore the license and the, rii were Sound, the daughter was discovered and taken by her Stther.
and the poor aroom! arrested on a warrant for abduction and robbery and whether for the amusement of the nnhlia in' the deaii season, for the encouragement of sroonu more enterpriaing and leas scrupulous than George smith, er as a warsong to too facile and unsus pecting parents, a diverting yet distressing family scandal was thrust upon a world ever ready to believe the worst. All's well that ends well, how ever and yesterday, the. young aroom was leaving the police- court with all his blushina aonpusa tmcx upon lam, a statement was made on the part of the young lady's father, which was understood to be addressed to the world at large. The Eeverend Robert Cbosbb, through his solicitor, desired it to be known that 'after his daughter had left her home, he had made inquiries, the result of which led him to believe that this boy of eighteen had' by cunning induced this young lady of twenty to leave her home, but after the evidence which he had heard in court from the lips of the young lady herself and her lover, and took him so muoh by surprise, he' bad resolved to withdraw from the nrosecution. It was also announced officially that the young lady had by her own wish returned to her home, "and was as intact as on the day she left" This assurance cannot fail to give general satisfaction to wicked world but, if we mistake not, it also imposes upon the father a Christian duty which no doubt he will anxiously discharge.
The young lady has re freshed the monotonous propriety of her dailv round of life at home with just goupgon of the most sensational romance. Happily she has not read beyond the title-page the leaves of the unbound volumes of her novel ton vim. -dug tnanxa to ner mvoious yearning ior romance in action, the lad upon whom her wayward and wilful caprices fell has lost his situa tion and his character, has- been dragged into a puuee courvana accused or abduction and rob bery. The prosecution, it is true, is withdrawn, and the accused comes out of court amidst the cheers of a crowd, and with public sympathy un-miatakeably expressed in his behalf. But let the father reflect upon his daughter's condition, had this lad, whom his daughter led into temptation, proved less scrupulously honourable and conscientious, or in other words, had he conducted himself like ninety-nine out of every hundred lads of his age and condition, under similar circumstances.
Surely the Rev. Robert CROssEowessome reparation and indemnity to George Smith some testimony ot respect and gratitude. Surely he will endeavour to put the lad in the way of qualifying' him self by honest work and good conduct, for some fate less romantic than that of being eloped with by a clergyman's daughter. George Smith may be congratulated by all good people uponhav ing got out of a ten days' scrape of kind with out sin and without remorse; but, although virtue is its own reward, cymes say there is such a thing as the remorse of virtue, and from this we think tbef father, whose daughter has returned home Dy her own wish" and intact," should save the grbOjin by timely recognition, and substantial en cotifttgemeht. The Prince of Wales, accompanied by Prince Louis of Hesse, went shooting yesterday with bis Koya Highness tbe Daks of Cambridge, near Richmond.
Toe Princess of Wales, aocompiaied by Princess Louis of Heste and Princess Hilda of Anhalt, visited tie Tower of Loudon yesterday. Their Boyal Highnesses were attended by tbe Hod. Mrs. W. Grey, Baroness de Schenk, Eeppal, and Baron de Nordeok Rabenaie.
Their Royal Highnesses dined with the Duke of Cambridge, at Gloucester-bouse in the evening. The royal train conveying her Majesty the Queen arrived at the FerryhiU Junction station, Aberdeen, at tea minutes past noon on Tuesday. Her Majesty, who appeared to be in excellent spirits, graciously acknowledged the salutations of the ladies and gentlemen who bad assembled in tha station audi ohsemnK among- Mr. Thomoson of Brancborj, was pleased to hoUashott wafenaticttwith that gentleman. Whan the late Prince Contort, as pre.
"i011'01 tlj8 British Assooiation, visited Aberdeen in 1859, Tn -nsf-. i A VU XUCIUliT SMiriHMHi. The Duke and Duchess of Newcastle are entertaining a fcuga party of frisods at Clamber Park, near Worksop, IJstts. Jim jiixceuencyuie foarams expected to Wa at the ItaUaa Legation at the clo of the week, rom a. The Right, Hon.
Disraeli and Mrs. Pisraeli hits ntnnud to RnsliaiiAiiii Hinn. fm Tll. ni. WEDSESDAf, Ssrr.
13.A9jriiariohs on payment, 18,034 1 u.i nwg Biwfg, total vunon, eetuoasion in Germany and Franee. And the Schools Inquiry Commission ate' at present collect ing similar not "only eithrespeot to Europe, bat also with respectto America and Canada. Thus the result of these various investigations will be to esiabls the public, not only to form their opinion as to the State of education in Great Britain, but to' compare it with the state, of educa tion in other oonutnes. The gentlemen one of whom is Mr. Matthjsw AimoiiHi-w'hd have been despatched to the Continent and- to Ameriia, are no doubt intimately acquainted with the schools in England, and they wiU, therefore, be perfectly prepared to furnish a comparative estimate of the value1 of the schools 'in England compared with tnose abroad.
There is one pointi however which hitherto seems to have escaped the attention of the various Commissions on Education, and it is one which seems to deserve consideration. No two countries can be more closely connected together than England and Scotland, and yet there are none which differ more, fucdamec-tally in. the matter of education. Whilst the representatives of the vplnntary and the denominational principle those who object to Government aid and those who would educate the people by means of the religious uecia are jrowerful ia Euglatfd, they are abnoBt without any inttuence in Scotland. Whilst the advocates of a school rate in England are comparatively few, the advocates for such a.
in Sootland are numerous and influential; Whilst the subjbot of the Conscience Clause ia the watchword of the mostivehement opponents of the Privy Council system in England, it excites not a whhperpf discontent even amongst the most acrimonious of Sector! Prasbyttrisras. Whilst in Ehgland the system of infant schools has been greatly developed, supn scnooia are scarcely known Scotland, and indeed seam to he regarded with positive Whilst the parish schoolroom, like the parish oharch, in BooiSand receives children of all classeSs custom in England forbids thaahil-fireit of the farmer or professional man to cho- cjate with those of the labourer. But further, the comparative cost cf education England, and ia Scotland a question which deserves the' most anxious consideration. Judging from the re-' ports published by the Privy Cbanoil it would appear that the lower classes in Scotmt pay higher fees -tkasr- the oiporimg classes in this country. Hor is asmueh as the classes which atteflid the pansh schools) in Scaclandi are more miseeV than those which attend, the National and British School in EDgjfea3.
the; qsnstion renaiae as to the fees changed in the middle-class schools, Where boys aad girls between the age of 1 apt) 17 or I i recesro their education It ia certain that the 'Sm chaaged bUr 'the- Soottisht UniversiidBft 1 are mush mostesats the fees-charged- at an' ondiosty aoadamy in Ehgland BchoSH8j aaS the aaobability i' that the fses charged at the burgh schools or aea-deirkns in Scoeland are much mora-rooderate than thoseahaedi at sknUse institutasns in SogUed. As ta. the qncfity of th edacationsuppEed at tmeh. schoolB, the sompaieBoia between 'those of England and Scotland is especially interesting. For iff the artidfc in Scatlaad is ius4 only cheaper, :hut.tteitiw.
that furnished in England, it will be tba- dtst of fW now sittSng at WestminstMr jt devise some remedy. EhoogS fmbably been said to show the imposnca-j jiideedj the absolnteV necessity of cbraparingthii state of Engiish with that of Scottish dneatio a. But hitherto hb attempt has been made to do io. Singularly enough the Inspectors' T-r -n 'umwu xpj we -xavy uuuusu, i nil ell no- assistas ce towards, a solution of the problem nothing of Enffiih nciioolii. Thni ia deriv ad -from distinct sources.
Indeed, the class of rnen from which the Insntow in and So Aland areselactod rliffi. Vteri nn miSS) Anon-a 'wfin. bwa diffi' -nltv in solvino- thn nmhinm A.r minr. nman nrkn jVnn a. 6wswwji futf utva Mooii auuuiiiwu CO cam me the academio and grammar sohools in i arious parts of Eoeland.
Let some of them ha directed to extend their investigations to the north of the Let the same questions be put to the Scottish boys as hftve put to the English boyBj and let their answers be compared, to ascertain which are the sunerior. Tha niiaUfcu- nt tha -ii ui.niuu iu muter country wouut thus at once be anDsrentl whilafc rho xive cost or eoucation in iasland and Scotland will present even leaa difficulty. A case which should never have come' before the public at $1, was dismissed in the Wandsworth Police-court yesterday. George Smith, the yonng groom who had been remanded on a charge of doubUess, satfied that he did a very foolish tiiinc in exposine to the nnblio caze adisasrreeablnfninilv incident which his friends and neighbours miaht aave peen trustea not too willingiy to let die. It it wais at.frmhfl stance in which the young man was evidently more sinned against than sinning, and- the seducer" was the helpless victim of his own attractioas.
xne guatung testimony of the young lady herself, and-the demeanour in the dock of the surprised I and afflicted object of her folly, were more than enough to prove that so far aa the lover" was concerned, the abduction had Mated, in breaking the fall of uw iiiMiai jMBiiajr a litHesict of the calm and even $enor of her life at home, ride out alone day after day with a young -ft not moanceivable that the most mmitfnl nvt ULtijii nasm riw TmivianfiM. ai dinc and faniiliaritiea of the companion and 1 JOHN BROGDEN. R1GLNAL GOLD CHAIN MANUFACTORY, annniirviA-sraisKr, cotjsst-haubhh OHN BROGDEN'S GOLD CHAINS, OHN BROGDEN'S GOLD GL ARD CHAINS. OHN BROGDEN'SGOLD ALBERT CHAINS, OHN BROGDEN'S GOLD BROOCH CHAINS. 'ENNETT'S MODEL WATuH, 65, Cbeapside.
a. great variety silver from 6 guis. gold, from izguis. WlidJAW BURTON, GENERAL FUR. HiaaiNG IRONMONGER by appointment to xf.E.H.
the PRINCE of WALES, sends a CATALOGUE gratis and post paid. It contains upwards of 900 Hlusirationi of his minuted stock ef Sterling Silver and Electro Plate, Nickel Silver, and Britannia Metal Goods, Dish Covon, Hot-water Dfohee, Stove, Marble Coimneypiecea, Kitchen Ranges, Lamps, Gaseliers, l3 Trays, Urns, and Kettles, Clocks, Table Cutlery. gatht, Toilet Ware, Turnery, Iron and Brass Bedsteads, Sodding, Sea-rocm Cabinet tfumiture, with Lists of fricoi, and Raas at cho Twenty large Show Booms, at Oxford-street, W. i If. 3.
and Newman-street 6, and PsrryVplaes and 1, Hevman-yard. London. rr YOU TRAVEL, send for BUSSEY, SMITH, "tUSTRATED CATALOGUE of POilTMAN-7. 'ronta, and every othtr travelling requisite. Also iiold.
Murine, and Opera Glasses, unriva led for excellence and cheapness. 433, New Oxibtd-etreet, W.C. GAINSFORD, and Co. Original and exclusive desjvns'ln HA3.DLOOM, BRUSSELS, and WILTONS, Of superior quality. TURKEY, AXM1NSTEK, auJ AVBWSOS CARPETS.
119 to 122, Borough, 8.E. OBOTTI'S LOOKIiNG GLASSES, CARVING and GILDING. qtSS Sh Paper-hangings from thebeetmanufacturera. -i auu UBWnflil VJBi JJ UJtMliUiiiS Slid CURTAINS. 397, SOS, 890, 399A.
Established 1821 MANUFACTORIES: 2, 3, 4, Great Cliapel-st. 102, Dean-st. and Newraan-st. PBINCESS'S. Boudcaultand Miss M.
Oliver, And AN AMPLE APOLOGY. OLYMPIC. THreEvmiTO.TFESWF; OK, LOVE LEVELS ALL. Messrs. Jlaoloan Misses Lindley and Kate Terry.
And PRl.VCK CAMAKALZAMAN. Messrs. Stephens, Soutar, and Andrews Mesdttnies Farren, Sheridan, and flarlaud. ADBLPHI. -ISf vD F5S K0? m' Mn- Aiitei VAN "i Messrs Jeiferson, Biihngtou, Bedford.
THIS WiLOW VIC1IM. Misses H. oirnms, Seaman, and J. Wihnore. NEW ROYALTY.
This Evesinq, POOR PILUCODDY. Mr. Bentlev and Miss GRIM. Oeorga Honey and aud TRIJiCh AMABL L. Mr.
George iloney and Miaa Fanny Reeves. brSwnniaT Tms THE RIDE TO YORK. Mr. T. Athjetee.
Till! UKAST OF A TRUB BRITISH THK LAST NIGHT AND MORNIJSG. Mr. EejnulUs; M163.S. Miles, Mrs. E.
Yarnold, TO CORRESPONDBNTS. Ve a leave to state that It Is impossible for ua to return coinaiuuicatioas, and to this rule can make no nriGfl WATBa AT J.oNDON TEI3 DAT Worniug, Sh fSm Afternoon, Oh. 87m. io-Moiuiow-Morums, In. 21m Afternoon, lib.
8m. LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 14. Is it possible that, after all that we have en- deavoured, and achieved, and hoped for the peace, and welfare of Ireland, we find o'utfselvea once more preparing to quaah rebellion, and in danger of seeing more blood flow from the people towards whom we have none but the kindest wishes and designs? Tiaere is something so absurd and so lopelesa to the malcontents themselves in this Fonian agitation, that we have felt really unable to regard it as a serious practical matter till the evidence of facta stranger than fiction has become too strong to be resisted. It is now clear that large numbers of certain clasaea in Ireland are prepared for a revolt, that they are deeply implicated in seditious plots and practices, -and that they are hourly on the watch for an invading force from America or France, or both and that there is too much probability that new miseries will break up the order and comfort which we had hoped had begun to console that unhappy country for its long course of troubles.
It waa but the other day that the Judges and the public were congratulating one another on the paucity of orirae at the assizes. It was but the other day that the Lord Ltbotenant and all tbe best landlords in Ireland were rejoicing in thereturn of agricultural prosperity, after a aeries of bad seasons. It wag but the other day that we were hearing from travellers in Ireland of the improvement in the fortunes of the peasant class, aa shown by their improved dwellings, and neat and even smart dress. It was but the other day that we were cheered by the evidences of the new intelligence and sobriety of judgment which distinguish the rising generation of the poorer classes, through the operation of the National Schools. And now, we find ourselves watching, as our fathers watched before tis, for tidings of an armed uprising of a malcontent people, as eager for blood and havoc as their unhappy countrymen of seventy years ago.
There' are essential differences in the case, however. All the cultivated intelligence of the country is on the side of order now, as the wealth was before on the side of power. It is not only the landowners and government functionaries who are loyal and law-abiding, but the educated classes to a man; and the quiet, industrious farmers everywhere, and the manufacturing population of the North, and, above all, tne Latholic clergy. This, and the fact to which it is owing thas there is no galling hardship endured by any class through their connexion With England and the correlative fact that the malcontents cave no clear aim before them, no "wrpruse uniting thein, prevents the plot from being formidable, and Whs devote our dispassionate attention to the interests Of the rash malcontents themselves but it deepens the sorrowing compassion into somethine lik despair when we ask the question, "What can be done with and for these poor people, who win ruin tnemselves in spite of all that Heaven suu. man cau uu tor in em I IT'L.
1 uo uone ior tnem depends, first, on what they are, in their minds and character well as fortunes. Who and what are these TT71 At it YET i jouiaa nreiaren i we neett not take into the inquiry at the moment the Fenians in the United States and Canada. We should be glad to know as much about their comrades and dupee in Cork and Kerry aa we know about themselves. The FeDiana, who are drilling by njght, and looking out for invasion by day, aire, we are told, shopmen small farmers, artisans, labourers, and idlers and wanderHs 6f low degree. -W of a group of agititors of a higher position, who manage the "centre" at Liverpool; but our wonder is not about tlwm, any rnara Uvaa our wonder in 1848 The Bourse has been firm.
Rentes closed at 69.47., or 20o. higher than yesterday. THE DAVENPORT BROTHERS IN FRANCE. PARIS, Sept. 13.
Yesterday evening at a sSance given here by the Davenport Brothers, great commotion was caused through the discovery of the secret by one of the spectators. The public loudly biased the performers, and the police cleared the room and compelled the Davenport Brothers to return the entrance money. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Ssrr. 13.
The official Wiener Zeitung of to-day announces that Herr von Kaaaeny has been appointed president of the Transylvinian Diet. It is stated that preparations are being made by the Ministry of Commerce for the resumption cf the deliberations of the Anglo-Austrian commission of inquiry, PRINCE COUZA. BUCHAEESE, Sara. 12. Prince Conga9 fete passed off in this city with great eclat and enthusiasm.
His Highness has granted a general amnesty to those Deriohs accused of toartioiriatiori in tha rnfiant disturbanoea. DUCHY OF LAUENBURG. BKBLIN, Sssr. 13. The Ministerial Frovinssidl Correspoudenz ot to day says 1 The payment of the indemnity to Austria foe the Duohy of Laueuburg will be made for tbe present irom the lung's privy purse.
The occupation of Lauenburg will take place without delay, Count Armin Boyteenburg, formerly Minister of State, has been appointed commissioner in that Duchy, and will proceed thither very shortly. Further settlementof the position of Lauenburg towards the Prussian crown has been postponed." Tbe Provinzial Cortespondenz also nnbiishes a leading article, upon the policy pursued by ana the Uaatem Convention, concluding as follows i-he ifruBssaa Btipalatioas of February remain in full force, for they still exist, although an important change has undoubtedly taken place. On the one hand, the establishment of another government in the Dachies is no longer dubious. and on the other Austria, in addition to the total cession of Lauenburg, has readily yielded in the present provisional state of affairs; to the most-material demands made by Prussia in February. "Thu'si, the Gasteiu Convention, maintaining the present amicable relations between the two powers, is an important step towards the fulfilment of the hopes and demands of Prussia." The same paper states that the government does not intend.to discontinue the employment of official journals in the discussion of political matters.
MADEID, Sept. 12. The Queen of Spain arrived at Yittoria this evening. The jEpoca asserts that, on the return of the court to Madrid, Senor Bermudez Castro, Minister for Foreign Affairs, will tender his resignation. THE BRAZILS.
(By telegraph from Lisbon.) BIO DE JANEIRO, August 25. Bxchange on London has been negotiated at 23g to 22j on Paris, at 406 to 415. Coffee, good first, 7,500 reis. Shipments since the departure the last mail, 65,000 bags, including 10,700 bags for the Channel Stock, 82,000 bags. Freights, 60s.
40a.) BAHIA, August 89. Exohange on London, 24 to Sugar, 2,100 to 2,300 reis. Cottons, 16,500 to 17,000 reis. PBENAMBUCO, Sept. Exchange on 25 1-5 to 25.
Cottons, 15,000 to 16,000 reis. The steamer La Plata arrived here on the 28th of August. LISBON, Sept. 12. The Messageries Imperiales steamer Navarre, with the Brazil mails, arrived here at 8 o'clock this evening.
ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF BALTIMORE. QTJKENSTOWN, Sept. 13. The Inmaa steamship City of Baltimore, from New York on the 2nd arrived here at 4.30 with 201 passengers, 98,239 and 1182. in specie.
She landed 36 passengers and proceeded for Liverpool at 4,50 m. All well. Her telegraphic advices have heen anticipated. THE MURDER AT BONN. The IndSpettdance fielge ot Tuesday evening says stssasaination of a French 'subject at Bonn has caused such universal excitement in France that the government has been unable to remain indifferent.
Yesterday a semi-official paper announced that it was watchincr the investigation ot this matter. The ratne. assures us to-day that the investigation is entrusted to a mixed commis sion, composed ot civilians and military men. People ask what a commission has to do with a cir cumstance of this nature, and inquire whether justice has not its regular organs for prosecuting the perpetrators of a crime and for bringing them be fore the tribunals of their country. We do not think the explanations of the Patrie are sufficient to appease public feeling in France." The third annual exhibition of works of art ex clusively formed of jet is now opes at Whitby.
This show owed its orizin to tbe suessstioo of Mr. H. S. Thompson, the former mamber for the borough, who was anxious to improve the art character of articles of jet, lor the manufacture of which Whitby is so oelebrated. These exhibitions, which have received the patronage of the Marquis of Narmanby, tba Society of Arts, the Whitby Institute, have been moat suocessfuL and fford a stimulus and encouragement to jet workers to make unprdVetneats in the design and workmanship of their productions.
Dr. Bennet startled the physiological sub-sec tion at Birmuutbam on Tnesdftv morning by dedsrine that tbe tendency amongst physiologists at present was towards assigning to maoktad six seases instead of the are- they are generally supposed to have. If, said the doctor, two cabas glided over to look like, and nude of the same le mperataro tha one lead, sb other wood be laid before a mail, none of bis firs senses will tell him which is wood, whiVti UbxL He must feel their weieht and it asema as if physiologists would have eventually to agree to call this, ttie sense ox wojgm, mjuvs. A deputation, consisting of Mr. Thomas Parcel, Mr.
Shades Cobb, Mr. James L. Bennett, Mr. Hear Hayes, sad Mr. Hoary Page transacted bunnem with Mr.
Waddiogtoo, at tbe Home-office on foesday, upon the subject of tha importation of hides, skins, Into Irelaml- Dr, Bobert Hemiltco bad an interview with tbe Eight Hon. Edward CardweU, at the CoXonial-offioa on Toesday a garrison court-martial, by tha general officer ootnl manding the garrison or division a general court martial, by the rather by the (fcmsMTKU! in-Chief, if ia England, and by the chief military authorityif abroad. WithusalsotherwerthatorcUw a court-rnartialalao confirms the sentence or other, wise. Now, in France none of these differences exist. There is only one kind of tribunal degwm, and that is always en perraonence, at the head, quarters of the division or corp3 d'armee, just any civil tribunal holds its sittings.
The president is a colonel in the army, selected especially for the duty, and named to the post just as he might ba to any other employment The members of the court form more a jury than is the case with us. With the French the members of this court only declare whether the accused is guilty or not guilty, they do not, aa with us, apply the law and give tha sen-tenee. The colonel, or president, is the judge, and sentences the prisoner if found guilty. With us 00 one under the rant of a commissioned officer can sit on a aourt-martial, and on general courts-mar-tial, particularly if for the trial of an officer, any one under the rank of captain is very rarely named a member. With the French it is other, wise.
The members of the court consist of a lieutenant-colonel, a major, a captain a lieutenant, a sub-lieutenant, a sergeant, a corporal, and a private. These are selected from the different regiments in the division or corps tfarmk where the tribunal assembles, and continue to perform this duty for a certain period, generally six 'months. The members, as you perceive, are eight in number, five being commissioned officers, and three from what we call the rank and file." If they are divided equally in opinion, the president gives the casting vote, otherwise he never interferes with their finding, nor they with his sentence. There is no waiting for a sentence to ha confirmed, aa with us, where unfortunate prisoners are sometimes in India, for instance kept for weeks and months, before they know their fate, owing to all proceedings having to be sent up to the oomutander-in-cbief for xevisal and approval. With the French the prisoner knows whether he has been found guilty or not guilty, and, if the former what his sentence is, in ten minutes after the proceedings are over.
And the proceedings are very simple. Evidence is not got at by that weary question and answer system, which, for some reason that has never yet been divulged, still holds good in our service. The powers of tbe French de guerre are immense, extending even to life and death. But they do not, as with ns, send every rubbishing little breach of discipline before a military court The minor punishments which I mentioned in my last letter are found quite sufficient to keep both officers and soldiers in order, unless in very exceptional cases. The real secret of the discipline and excellent order of the French army is this and if the Daily News would only impress this one littfe fact upon the Horse Guards, the War-office, and the House of Commons, so as to make all their powers act upon the hint, how pleasantly would the service get on in future 1 Now the secret is simple, and I give it gratis, for the benefit of my country.
Here it ia The colanck of regiments are selected for their commands intht French army. With men chosen for this particular duty it is of course safe to leave immense powers of punishment in their hands. How many offiaers have we all known in the English army and such exist in all services, and must do so until that millennium comes when no man will ever lose his temper how many, I say, have we known who were excellent captains of troops or companies, but seemed to lose their heads entirety when they became majors And how many made very good majors, in which position they had masters over them, have driven a regiment mad by their folly when they obtained command But how are we to change the system So long as an officer behaves like a gentleman, aud has money to purchase, he must get on in our service. Colonel Dawkins was an exception. He was removed from the Coldstreams because it was said he was unfit for command; but then he had refused to shake hands with two lords, a distinction not given to every man, What is the consequence of officers being thus promoted to the command of regiments in their turn if they have money i Simply that we have been obliged by degrees to take away all real power from our commanding officers, and reduce them to be mere dummies.
No really good officer cares much, to command a regiment in these days, for he is hemmed in by Queen's Regulations," Horse Guards Memoranda," Wat-office "Circulars," and all the rest of the printed matter which worries; a man-at-arms in high regimental position. What has one of our commanding officers not to sign in the way of returns P' Why he must make a return of some sort to somebody, of almost everything he ever thinks. This in England, but what is it in India In that country the adjutant the regiment and his clerks have much more to do in keeping the correspondence and returns" under than he has in looking after the drill and discipline of tbe regiment. Now in France there is none of this. No officer is promoted to be colonel unless the authorities are fully convinced by means of what I said in a late letter is called the confessional" that he is competent to take entire command, full charge, and all responsibility connected with that position.
Such being the case, he has powers given him to punish anything that is not a serious military offence, and also to promote or disrate any soldier to or from the non-commissioned ranks. Therefore it is that French tribunaux de guerre never by any chance have to sit in judgment upon trivial matters. From their sentence there is no appeal save to the Conr de Cassation, just as any civil court in France might appeal, and this only upon points of law. The ttilnmauz de guerre have by the law of the land full power over every military man tn i ranee, and although the reigning monarch may pardon a culprit that has been to punishment by one of these courts, he cannot in any way in fldenee either the sentence or finding of the members. I confess that I like very much the whole system of these tribunaux, and chiefly that part of the scheme by whieh a sergeant, a corporal, and a private soldiersit with theotuermembere.TheFreach officers say that this not only as a kind of guarantee to the humbler ranks of tbe army that no injustice will be committed upon them, but it gives these ranks a kind of pride in the discipline and well-being of the.
service. The non-commissioned officers and soldiers that sit on these courts ception of the qualities necessary for the worl-of-i TO know nothing of Soot-the organization ot a government, of the respect tist schr wis. The Scottish Ihnumton irmv. tire functions of legislation and the executive, I and of the very nature of a constitutional polity. They suppose that any patriot may govern a nation, autt mate its happiness and it it has never no oiner.
xne scotch inspectors are of perceiving, that, in the pursuit of social school mMtess th English Inspectors are as much is required from the ruled as tioall? inexnerianoarl "Rnt nm. from the rulers. After 1848 the siehinc aDoloou -the meianonoiy justitioation ottered, by even a rf thn I-? onae 1 tti r-rram 4- nt.n i.1 huv iuut uiuum nna biiuv Lilts uuuncrv rf waa ao miserame tnac tney inougnt it right to try iul ao oester, ana could not be for the worse. We must remember that, in our time, Irish citizens of all ranks have said this thing; and then we may the better-understand the Fenians of this day. There will be no question on either aide tT a a Irish Channel of the necasaitv.
an a. wnrk nf rvr 7 UJ of prompt, careful, and complete prevention and vi ivueuwu- wess or lormiuaO8 Spe- cious or palpably absurd; and it Would, be a great mercy to Ireland if every Fenian lead' were put on his trial. It will soon appear f' bat the Government means to do next. It is -clear that there is no time to be lost. -c 1 1 1 i i 1 iso subject has of late undergone mich constant and elaborate investigation aa that of Education.
Kev. Robert Cbossh from her home, was dia-For some years the late Duke of Newcastle pre-; charged in the, absence of any prosecutor, after aided over a Commission which devoted much the further charge of robbery had been withdrawn, labour and displayed great ability in drawing up a for want of any evidence, at the suggestion of the Report on the State of Popular Education in Eng-j magistrate, the prisoner's money and property land, ine sphere, however, embraced by this in-! were restored to him, and he left the court amidst qmry was confined to the National and British the loud cheeirs of a numerous crowd assembled fechools, which supply education at Id. or 2d. a in the road. fatnnr nf ij.s weektothe lower classes of the English people.
1 Then namn tha PnMi'o Bv i- Sohools Commission, presided over by Lord Clarendon, the objeot ot which was to investigate the of the great Eton, Winchester, Commission also But the aubjeot character of the highest and the uuuauaon pumie schools, suohi as Harrow, and Rugby. This concluded its labours. was still unexhausted. The education furnished to the classes in Enoiand needed no special knowledge of the law, however different law and reason inay sometimes appear, toj convince any person of common sense, who read this esse as it appeared in the' police courts, that there was not a shadow of "ground for the pro-lowest secntkm. or for tha had no doubt been thoroughly inveBt.cr&iu 1 or it must be remembered that, besides the two Commissions which have been mentioned, two others had thoroughly elucidated the system of vwaa yuiOWu a.
ub iaugiiau ana sue scottisn univembes; and the changes recommended by oro uave oeen oarnea into eflect. But there still remained the vast field of middle- ciass eoucation unexplored. It was necessary nppiy tms detect, and for thin purpose ocnoois inquiry commission, which is still lady from a window, and aUowing himself sitting at Westminster, was appointed. About the to carried away by her stronger will, If same time the system of edncatton in fofhtv tela -1imdtist-''6o ia 'Mstsspa 'Utfaie fcottMh Commissionere, however, were directed to, investigate not only the middlo-clags schools, buteve class of educational, insjd the Universities. When hfitK.
aota commissioners have oomnleted' thnip liirinn ana presented jepbrttho 01.