Caterpillar Performance Handbook, June 2022, SEBD0351-50
Caterpillar
Caterpillar Performance Handbook - Cashman Equipment
15 giu 2022 — stands and agrees to follow the instructions provided in the Operation and Maintenance Manual included with every Cat machine .
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Caterpillar Performance HandbookCONTENTSPage Publication Update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Environment and Sustainability . . . . 4 Operator andMachine Protection . . . . . . . . . . . 5 O perator Training and Protection Practices . . . . . . . . 5 Machine Modifications . . . . . . . 7Operator-related Equipment Options . . . . . . . . 7Machine Protection . . . . . . . . . . 7 Fire Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Safety Regulations . . . . . . . . . . 8 Sound Suppression . . . . . . . . . . 8 R eplacement Parts Warningfor your Cat Machine . . . . . . 8 Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14ARTICULATED TRUCKS1BACKHOE LOADERS2DRILLS3FOREST PRODUCTS4HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS5HYDROMECHANICAL ATTACHMENTS6MATERIAL HANDLERS7MINING & OFF HIGHWAY TRUCKS8MOTOR GRADERS9PAVING PRODUCTS10PIPELAYERS11SKID STEER LOADERS/COMPACT TRACK LOADERS12SURFACE MINING EXTRACTION DRAGLINES ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS HYDRAULIC MINING SHOVELS13TELESCOPIC HANDLERS14TRACK LOADERS15TRACK TYPE TRACTORS16HARD ROCK17WASTE HANDLING18 1CATERPILLAR PERFORMANCE HANDBOOKa publication by Caterpillar, Peoria, Illinois, U.S.A.2022Performance information in this booklet is intended for estimating purposes only. Because of the many variables peculiar to individual jobs (including material characteristics, operator efficiency, underfoot conditions, altitude, etc.), neither Caterpillar nor its dealers warrant that the machines described will perform as estimated.NOTE: Always refer to the appropriate Operation and Maintenance Manual for specific product information.Materials and specifications are subject to change without notice.CAT, CATERPILLAR, LET'S DO THE WORK, their respective logos, "Caterpillar Corporate Yellow," the "Power Edge" and Cat "Modern Hex" trade dress as well as corporate and product identityused herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.© 2022 CaterpillarSEBD0351-502WHEEL DOZERS/SOIL COMPACTORS19WHEEL LOADERS20WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERS21ESTIMATING OWNING & OPERATING COSTS22FORMER MODELS23LAND CLEARING24MINING AND EARTHMOVING25STOCKPILE COAL HANDLING26TABLES27TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS28TIRES29PUBLICATION UPDATE: This publication removes main technical specifications from Performance Handbook version 49. For accuratereference of Specifications, Rimpull and Retarding Charts, Dimensions, Matching Guides, etc. please reference published machine specific documents such as Product Brochures and Technical Specifications through www.cat.com or your Caterpillar Dealer.The Cat Product Line Section only includes production models at the moment of publishing this book.3PREFACEMachine performance must ultimately be measu red in unit cost of material moved, a measure that includes both production and costs. Factors bearing directly on productivity include such things as weight to horsepower ratio, capacity, type of transmission, speeds and operating costs. The Performance Handbook considers these factors in detail. There are other less direct machine performance factors for which no tables, charts or graphs are possible. Serviceability, parts availability and operator convenience are examples. In comparing machine performance, all factors should be considered. This Handbook is intended as an aid which, when coupled with experience and a good knowledge of local conditions, can assist in estimating true machine performance.Many sections of the Handbook include tables or curves showing cycle times or hourly production figures for Cat® machines under certain conditions. Statem ents of conditions always accompany or precede the curves or tables. Before using any performance information in this Handbook, a complete understanding of the qualifying conditions is essential. The data is based on field testing, computer analysis, laboratory research and experience; and every effort has been made to assure their correctness.However, all such data is based upon 100% efficiency in operation -- a status which cannot be achieved continuously even under ideal conditions. Thus, in using such performance and production data, it is necessary to correct the results indicated in the handbook tables by appropriate factors. This allows for the anticipated actual job efficiency, operator efficiency, material characteristics, haul road conditions, altitude and other factors which may reduce performance or production on a particular job.Methods for estimating machine owning and oper ating costs vary widely, depending on locality, industry practices, owner preferences and other factors. One method is suggested in the Handbook section on Owning and Operating Costs. When used with good judgment, it has provided reasonably accurate estimates in the past. Included in the Owning and Operating Section are guidelines, based on working conditions, to assist in estimating consumption of fuel and lubricants, tire life and repair costs for Cat machines. However, what one Handbook user regards as "excellent" conditions, another may consider "severe" or "average", depending on his own experience and basis of comparison. Therefore, these guidelines should be considered only approximations.Caterpillar has made every effort to assure that the information contained in this Handbook is accurate and is a fair statement of the results to be achieved in the circ*mstances indicated. However, because of the many variables involved in estimating the production or performance of earthmoving machinery, their consumption of fuel and lubricants, tire life and repair costs, and the possibility of inadvertent errors or omissions in assembling this data, Caterpillar cannot and does not imply that all data in this book are complete nor that this level of performance will be achieved on a given job.CaterpillarENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITYCaterpillar supports environmental responsibility through sustainable development. Our products and services are intended to support sustainable development of global resources and they will meet or exceed applicable regulations and standards wherever they are initially sold. We establish and adhere to environmentally sound policies and practices in product design, engineering, and manufacturing. We educate and encourageour customers to use the products they purchase from us in environmentally responsible ways. We take effective steps to continually increase the natural resources efficiency and cleanliness of our facilities. When available, the various product groups have included relevant sustaina bility data with their content updates for inclusion in the Performance Handbook.4OPERATOR ANDMACHINE PROTECTIONA well trained operator, working under suitable conditions, utilizing a modern, properly-equipped machine provides a machine-operator team capable of giving maximum production. These factors, along with appropriate job site rules and communication procedures, are essential to coordinate people and machines working together.Appropriately protected and maintained machines are less likely to suffer premature component failure or damage, and give operators the confidence and assur ance they need to carry out their work. Furthermore, training is not complete until the operator reads, understands and agrees to follow the instructions provided in the Operation and Maintenance Manual included with every Cat machine.Employers have a duty to provide a safe work place for their employees. The purchaser of a Cat machine has a duty to review his/her particular application and job site for the machine to identify potential haza rds inherent to that application or job site. Based on the results of this hazard analysis, the appropria te operator and machine protection configuration can be determined.Caterpillar designs, builds, and tests its products to ensure the safety of operators, maintenance persons, ser vice persons, and bystanders. That means people in, on and around Cat products. Caterpillar provides as standard equipment the appropriate operator and machine protection for most applications. However, particular applications, including the use of some Work Tools, may require additional operator and/or machine protection. Caterpillar offers related options for most such applications. However, there may be very special applications where the Cat dealer or the Purchaser may want to fabricate, or request Caterpillar to provide, custom or special guarding. Your Cat dealer can help you with this hazard analysis and guarding configuration process.I. Operator Training and Protection PracticesRemember that any kind of machine or mechanical device canbe hazardous if not kept in good condition, or if operated bycareless or improperly trained operators, or if operated in anirresponsible manner.Listed below are some recommended basic steps that can be broadly applied to most work environments: Train operators for the job they are assigned to do.The length and type of training must comply with governmental and local regulations wherever they apply. As an example, machine operators in mining activities must be trained in accordance with Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) regulations. Where specific regulations do not apply, no operator should be assigned to a job until he or she meets the following minimum requirements: Completes proper training to operate the assignedmachine and understands that seat belts must be worn whenever seated in operator's compartment. SEAT BELTS SAVE LIVES! Reads and understands the Operation & Main tenance manual for that machine, and knows that a copy of that manual is stored in the operator's compartment. Reads and understands the AEM (Association of Equipment Manufacturers) Safety Manual, or any other furnished manual related to rules for safe machine operation and identification of hazards. For example, that includes the Work Tool Opera tion and Maintenance Manual if a Cat Work Tool is involved in the given application. Has appropriate personal protective equipment and knows how to use it. This includes such things as hard hat, gloves, safety glasses, hearing protection, high-visibility vest, and safety shoes. Knows what the job requirements are, what other machines are working in the area, and is aware of any hazardous conditions that may arise.5 Be sure operators are alert and in proper physical and mental condition to perform their work assignments safely. No machine should be operated by a person who is drowsy, under the affect of medicines or drugs, suffers blackouts, or is suffering from any physical or mental distraction that could contribute to unsafe operation. Maintain proper job conditions and working procedures. Check the job for possible hazards, both above and below ground level. Look for all possible sources of danger to the operator and others in the area. When operating in hazardous conditions the door and windows must always be closed. Pay particular attention to conditions which may be hazardous or near the operating limits of the machine: e.g., side slopes, steep grades, potential overloads, etc. Examine the work site for restricted traffic patterns, obstructed views, congestion, underground power or gas lines, etc. If the machine is equipped with a Quick Coupler, always make sure the Work Tool is properly attached by conducting an attachment test as directed in the Quick Coupler or Machine Operation and Mainte nance Manual. Hazardous work conditions should be corrected wherever possible and adequate warnings should be posted when applicable. Provide the correct machine to handle the job and equip it properly for the job to provide the necessary operator protection. Check for compliance with all applicable governmental and local regulations. It is the legal responsibility of the machine owner or employer to see that his equipment complies with, and is operated in accordance with, all such requirements. Make sure the machine is properly maintained. The operator at the beginning of each shift should perform a walk-around inspection before the machine is placed in operation. This process is described in the machine and Work Tool Operation and Maint enance Manual. If this inspection reveals any problems that could affect safety, the machine or Work Tool must not be operated until these problems are corrected. Some examples include: Loose, bent or missing grab irons, railings or steps; Worn, cut or missing seat belts (any seat belt over three (3) years old must be replaced regardless of condition); Damaged windows in the operator's compartment; Worn, rubbing or abraded electrical insulation and hydraulic hoses; Material or unwanted debris accumulation; Incompatibility of the component attachments (Quick Couplers); Hydraulic leaks that could impair the lock/secure feature of a Quick Coupler or other securing devices; Any fluid leaks; and Missing or damaged guards. Know the limits of your machine and equipment. With certain Work Tool combinations, including Quick Couplers, the Work Tool can hit the cab or the machine. Always check for interference limits when first operating. It is the machine owner's or employer's responsibility to ensure the machine is properly maintained. Your Cat dealer will be glad to assist you in selecting and equipping the machine best suited for your job and in providing maintenance for your machines.6II. Machine ModificationsModifications must not be made to the machine that: Interfere with operator visibility; Interfere with ingress or egress from the machine; Exceed the rated payload or gross combinationweight of the machine resulting in overloading the braking and/or steering system or the roll-over protective structure (ROPS) capacity rating (shown on a plate affixed to the ROPS); or Place objects in the cab that intrude into the oper ator's space or that are not firmly fixed into place. Are not authorized by Caterpillar.III. Operator-related Equipment OptionsEach job presents unique conditions that must be taken into account. Consider direct dangers to the operator as well as all possible sources of distraction that could reduce operator efficiency and increase the chances of costly and dangerous mistakes. Climatecontrolled, sound-suppressed cabs, and special exterior lighting are options available from Caterpillar that can address requirements of special working environments."Flexible" machines include hydraulic excavators (track-type, wheel-type, and compact), skid-steer loaders, backhoe loaders and integrated tool-carriers can utilize interchangeable "Work Tools" to accomplish specific tasks. Work Tools or any tool used in hazardous applications like demolition, quarry, logging, stump grinding, scrap handling, milling, and scaling, can create a need for special operator guarding. When flying debris from impact, cutting, shearing or sweeping attachments is present, additional protective devices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top & front guarding), thick polycarbonate windshields or a combination of these is recommended by Caterpillar. The failure to provide proper operator/machine guarding in some of these applications can lead to machine damage, personal injury or death. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.IV. Machine ProtectionCheck the job for unusually demanding conditions that could cause premature failure or excessive wear of machine components. Additional protective devices such as heavy-duty radiator guards, crankc ase guards, engine enclosures, track roller guards and/or brake shields may be needed. Also, consider the use of antivandalism devices, such as cap locks and instrument panel guards. The failure to provide proper guarding in some of these applications may lead to machine damage, personal injury or death. Contact your Cat dealer for machine-protection and vandalism-prevention options for your machine.V. Fire PreventionRemember that most fluids on your machine are flammable!To minimize the risk of fire, Caterpillar recommends following these basic steps: Always perform the Walk-Around Inspection described in Part I. It can identify many of the fire hazards described below. Remove trash (leaves, twigs, papers, etc.) that may accumulate in the engine compartment or around other hot parts on the product. Do not operate a machine if leakage of flammable fluids is noticed. Repair leaks before resum ing machine operation. Most fluids used in Cat machines should be considered flammable. Keep access doors to major machine compartments in working order to permit the use of fire fighting equipment, should a fire occur. Avoid attaching electrical wiring to hoses and tubes that contain flammable or combustible fluids. Hydrau lic hoses can move during machine operation and abrade wires and other hoses if improperly secured. Replace any rubbing, damaged, frayed, kinked or leaking hydraulic hoses or fittings. Use genuine Cat parts or their equivalent, including both pressure and temperature limit capabilities. Follow safe fueling practices as described in Cat Operation and Maintenance Manuals, AEM Safety Manuals, and local regulations. Never store flammable fluids in the machine operator's compartment, nor smoke while fueling the machine. As an additional safety measure, keep a fire extin guisher on the machine in a location as specified in the Operation and Maintenance Manual. Consider installation of an after-market fire-sup pression system (FSS) on the equipment if the appli cation and working conditions warrant it.7VI. Safety RegulationsRegulations vary from country to country and often within country. Your Cat dealer can assist you in properly equipping your machine to meet applicable requirements. Note: The general summaries given below are not substitutes for Owners or Employers reading and being familiar with the appropriate local laws.(a) United States (US)With a few exceptions, all machine operations in the United States are covered by federal and/or state regulations. If the machine is used in mining activities, the regulations are administered by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). Other activities, including construction, are under regulations administered by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). These agencies require employers to provide a safe working environment for employees. Caterpillar has the same objective.OSHA and MSHA have adopted criteria for ROPS, Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS), seat belts, warning horns, back-up alarms, operator sound levels, steering systems, and braking systems. Additional operator's compartment protection may be required for machines engaged in logging, demolition and other special applications.(b) European Union (EU)The EU Machinery Safety Directive applies to Cat machines and most work tools. It requires that the "CE mark" be applied to the product and that a man ufacturer's declaration be provided. The "CE mark" indicates that safety issues have been addressed by applying the appropriate safety standards in the design and manufacture of the machine. The objective of the Safety Directive is to protect operators, spectators and maintenance personnel. Caterpillar fully supports this objective.VII. Sound Suppression Different marketing areas have different noise emis-sion requirements. Noise regulations usually specify limits for operators and spectators.(a) United States OSHA and MSHA noise-control regulations set per-missible noise-exposure limits for machine operators and employees. Operator protection from machine noise can be achieved by use of factory-built cabs as offered in the Caterpillar Price List. These cabs, when properly maintained and operated with the doors and windows closed, reduce the operator sound level for an eighthour operating period to meet the OSHA and MSHA noise-exposure limits in effect at the date of manufacture. Variables that may be encountered on the job site, such as other nearby noise sources or noise-reflecting surfaces, may reduce the allowable work hours. If this occurs, hearing protection may be required. This is especially true if a machine is not equipped with a closed cab. For example if the machine has no cab, or is being operated with the doors or windows opened.(b) European Union Operator sound-exposure requirements for machinesin Europe are very similar to the OSHA and MSHA regulations mentioned above. In addition to operator sound-exposure requirements, most types of Cat machines are subject to European Commission regulations for exterior sound levels. Caterpillar ensures its products sold in the EU comply with the applicable noise regulations.VIII.Replacement Parts for your Cat MachineWARNINGWhen replacement parts are required for this product, Caterpillar recommends using Cat replacement parts or parts with equivalent specifications including, but not limited to, physical dimensions, type, strength and material. Failure to heed this warning can lead to premature failures, product damage, personal injury or death of persons on, or around, the product.8NomenclatureTHE CAT PRODUCT LINENote: Not all Sales Models are available in all countries. Engines may vary with local emission requirements. This Product Line includes production models at the moment of publishing this book.ARTICULATED TRUCKS725 730 730 EJ 735740 EJ 740 GC 745BACKHOE LOADERS415 IL424434415426 F2440416428444420430450420 XE432FOREST PRODUCTSForest Machines538 548/548LLHYDRAULIC EXCAVATORSTrack ModelsMini Excavators300.9D 300.9D VPS 301.5 301.6301.7CR 301.8 302CR 302.7CRSmall Excavators313 313 GC313D2 313D2 LGPMedium Excavators320D3 GC 320D3 320 GX320 GC 320 323D3Large Excavators336 GC 336340 345 GCDemolition 340 SB340 UHDWheel ModelsM314 M315 M315FM316 M317D2 M317558/558LL 568303CR 303.5CR 304 305CR313D2 GC 315323 GX 323 GC 323349 350352 UHDM318 M319 M320D2305.5 306CR 306CR XTC 306.5315 GC 316 GC325 326 GC 326352 355307.5 308CR 308CR VAB 309CR317 317 GC330 GC 330 333374 395309CR VAB 310318D2 L335M320 M322 M323F9HYDROMECHANICAL ATTACHMENTSHydraulic HammersH110 GC H110 GC S H110 S H115 GCH115 GC S H115 S H120 GC H120 GC SH120 S H130 GC H130 GC S H130 SMobile Scrap and Demolition ShearsS3015 S3025S3035 S2050 StraightS3050 S2070 StraightMulti-ProcessorsMP318MP324MP332Contractor's GrapplesG113 G117G120 G126G136 G149Concrete CrushersP315 P325P335 P360Demolition and Sorting GrapplesG212 GC G213 GC G217 GCG312 GC G313 GC G314G317 GC G318 G318 WHOrange Peel GrapplesGSH420 GSH425GSH440 GSH455GSH520 GSH525MATERIAL HANDLERSWheeled Material HandlersMH3022 MH3024MH3026 MH3040Tracked Material HandlersMH3250 MH3260MINING & OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCKS770G 772G 773E773G 775G 777E777G 785D 785H140 GC H140 GC S H140 S H160 SH180 S H190 S H215 SS3070 S2090 StraightS3090MP345MP365G174Secondary PulverizersP215 P225P235G324 G324 WH G332G345GSH555 GSM-50GSM-60 GSV520 GC789D 789 793D793F 794 AC 796 ACMOTOR GRADERS12K140K160K14120K140 GC15016120 GC1401601812024GSV520 GSV525797F 798 AC10PAVING PRODUCTSCold PlanersPM310 PM312 PM313PM620 PM622 PM820Asphalt PaversAP300F/AP355F AP500F/AP555FAP655F L AP600F/AP655FVibratory Asphalt CompactorsCB1.7 CB1.8 CB22B CB24B CB24B XT CB32B CC24B CB2.5 CB2.7 CB2.9 CC2.6 CB2.5CB2.7 CB2.9 CC2.7 CB2.5 GC CB2.7 GC CC2.7 GC CB34B CB36B CC34B CB4.0(03A) CB4.4(03A) CC4.0 (03A)PM822 PM825Rotary MixersRM400 RM500BAP1000F/AP1055FCB7 CB8 CB10 CB7 (02A) CB10 (02A) CCS7 CCS9 CD8 CD10 CB13 CB15 CB16Pneumatic CompactorsCW12 CW16CW34Vibratory Single Drum Soil CompactorsCS10 GC CS11 GC CS12 GC CP11 GC CP12 GC CS34 CP34 CS44B CP44B CS533E CP533E CS54BCP54B CS56B CP56B CS64B CS66B CS68B CP68B CS74B CP74B CS76B CP76B CS79BPIPELAYERSPL61PL72PL83PL87SKID STEER LOADERS/COMPACT TRACK LOADERSSkid Steer Loaders216B3 226B3 226D3 232D3236D3 242D3 246D3 262D3272D3 272D3 XECompact Track Loaders239D3 249D3 259D3 279D3289D3 299D3 299D3 XETELESCOPIC HANDLERTL SeriesTL642 TL943TL1055 TL1255TRACK LOADERS953953K963TH SeriesTH255C TH357TH408 TH3510963K973K11TRACK-TYPE TRACTORSD1D5D2D5R2D3D6/D6 XED4D6R2D6 GC D6T D7 D7RD8R D8T D9 D9 GCD9R D9T D10T2 D11WHEEL DOZERS814 824K834K 844K854KLANDFILL COMPACTORS816 826K 836KSOIL COMPACTORS815 825KWHEEL LOADERS & INTEGRATED TOOLCARRIERS901C2 902C2 903C2 903D 906K 906M 907K 907M 908K 908M910 914 914K 920 920K 921E 924K 926M 930K 930M938K 938M 950 GC 950L 950M 950M Z 962L 962M 962M Z966 GC 966L 966M 966M XE 972L 972M 972M XE980L 980M 980 980 XE 982 982 XE 982MWHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERSOpen Bowl Scrapers621K631K651627K637K657Elevating Scrapers623KD11T986K 988K 988K XE 990K 992 992K 993K 994K12MININGDraglines800082008750Rotary DrillsMD6200 MD6250MD6310 MD6640Electric Rope Shovels7295 73957495 7495 HF7495 HDHydraulic Mining Shovels6015 6015B6020B 60306030 AC 6040Underground Load Haul Dump LoadersR1300G R1600HR1700 R1700GR2900 R2900GUnderground Mining TrucksAD22 AD30AD45 AD45BAD60 AD636060 6060 ACR3000H13NOMENCLATURE VALUE IDENTIFIER (XE, GC):Most Cat Products are named without any value identifiers. Those models are considered Performance products that offer high production and high efficiency. However, to differentiate against other models the following value identifiers are used: The "XE" as an identifier for our Premium products with advanced technology where significant additional customer value is offered. The "XE" represents to our customers a family of Cat premium products that are technology leading and include a specific breakthrough technological advancement that is clearly differentiating in the industry and provides dramatic benefits to our customers' owning and operating costs. The "GC" is an identifier for products that are intentionally and purposefully designed for customers who value the Cat brand offering but are also the most focused on cost per hour and have the lowest cost of downtime/affordability of the Lifecycle Value segment. Customers see these machines as providing an exceptional value proposition for the applications and markets where they are designed to compete.141ARTICULATED TRUCKSCONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Ground Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2Features: Cat® engines with ACERTTM Technology meet U.S.EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final), or Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equiva lent emission standards. The four core elements of meeting these standards are:I) Common Rail;II) Electronics, ADEMTM A4;III) Fuel delivery, Mechanical-activated Electronic Unit Injection (MEUITM A-C);IV) Air Management, Wastegate Turbocharging, Air to Air Aftercooling (ATAAC) with the proven technology of a crossflow cylinder head. Cat electronically controlled transmissions ... Trans missions purpose built and designed for articulated trucks and their applications. Advanced Productivity Electronic Control Strategy (APECS) delivering smooth shifting transmissions with improved accele ration and high productivity. Providing complete integration with the engines for efficient power delivery as well as offer ing advanced diagnostic and troubleshooting capabilities. Articulating and fully oscillating hitch ... Links front and rear frames for exceptional maneuverability and traction on uneven terrain while eliminating damaging twisting of the frames. Bolted hitch design allows opti mum material choices for the cast hitch head and the hard-wearing tube. Bolted design allows easier rebuild and repair. Three-point front suspension ... Three-point front suspension with long-stroke, low-pressure suspen sion cylinders provide unparalleled ride quality for operator comfort and higher average haul speeds. Front and rear suspension together with the hitch provide for excellent traction in all conditions. Wide, long and low dump body design ... For excellent loadability and high fill factors, excellent machine stability and load retention as well as a good match for other Cat loading systems. Diverging flow design also gives excellent material ejection. Standard ROPS/FOPS, low sound level cab ... Two man cab common across the range. Large cab with excellent visibility, ergonomic control layout and plen tiful storage. High capacity low pressure tires in single formation ... For superior traction and flotation in poor underfoot conditions. Bare Chassis offerings ... For certain applications the Caterpillar OEM Solutions Group offers non-dumper/ Bare Chassis arrangements.Bare Chassis arrangements applications could include: water, service (fuel and lube), high capacity body (waste, coal, etc.), open body (log, pipe, etc.), container carrier, hook lift, tow, cable reel, etc. Please refer to specific OEM for additional information.1-1Articulated Trucks SGproeucinfidcaPtrieosnssureGround Pressure (psi)Use of Ground Pressure ChartsArticulated trucks are normally equipped with wide base radial tires, for improved flotation in poor under foot conditions. Ground pressure is a function of tire deflection and is also affected by tire penetration. The charts in this section provide a means to estimate ground pressure for 0 and 76 mm (3") tire penetration, when gross vehicle weight, axle load distribution and tire infla tion pressure are known. The ground pressure charts on the following pages are based on Michelin XADN tire characteristics. Results may differ for other tread patterns.Tire load can be calculated by the following formula:Heaviest Axle Load Tire Load =2ExampleFind the ground pressure generated by a 725C fully loaded with zero and 76 mm (3") tire penetration. The machine is equipped with standard Michelin 23.5R25 tires, inflated to the recommended pressure.46 820 kg 0.34725C Tire Load == 7959 kg2103,220 lb 0.34725C Tire Load == 17,547 lb2Note: The Front Axle of a fully loaded 725C (46,820 kg/ 103,220 lb machine weight) supports 34% of the load. This represents the Heaviest Axle Load.From the tire manufacturer, inflation pressure for the 725C is 325 kPa = 3.25 bar (47 psi).From the ground pressure chart for 23.5R25 tires, Ground pressure = 3.1 kg/cm2 (44 psi) with zero tire penetration.Ground pressure = 1.4 kg/cm2 (21 psi) with 76 mm (3") tire penetration.See the Wheel Tractor Scraper section for explanation on using: Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability Curves Retarder CurvesSee Mining & Off-Highway Trucks section for Fixed Times for Hauling Units.1-223.5R25 Tires*Tire Load (lb x 1000)4 b4a.r5(b58arp(s6i5) psi) 3 bar (44 psi)2 bar (29 psi)4 bar (58 psi)4.5bar(65psi)3(4b4arpsi) 2(2b9arpsi)Ground Pressure (kg/cm2) Tire Load LimitCold Inflation Pressure2.0 bar3.04.04.529 psi4458655650 kg 7100 8550 925012,460 lb 15,650 18,850 20,390Tire Load (kg x 1000)KEY Zero Penetration (Flat Plate) 76 mm (3") Penetration*Charts based on Michelin XADN tire characteristics. Results may differ for other tread patterns and/or brands. Charts are to be used to calculate ground pressure. To determine the inflation as a function of load and conditions or when loads exceed tire load limit, contact your tire manufacturer representative.CONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 At a Glance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42BACKHOE LOADERS2-1Backhoe LoadersFeaturesFeatures: Pilot operated backhoe controls provide smooth, efficient operation and operator comfort. Thumb roller controllers provide ergonomic function of the extendible stick and/or auxiliary hydraulic circuits. Convenient pattern changer switch is within the cab. Optional on 415, 416, 428 and 434. Standard on 420 and 430. Includes E/H finger-tip actuated stabilizer controls. E/H seat mounted joystick controls are standard on 420XE, 432, 440, 444 and 450. Provides improved ergonomics, comfort, floor space and operating efficiency due to new "Dual Mode" feature. Includes E/H finger-tip actuated stabilizer controls. The Cat C3.6 Direct Injection Turbocharged Aftercooled engines meet U.S. EPA & CARB Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V. The new C3.6 is the perfect balance of compact size, reliability, and performance. XTTM-3 ES hoses combined with Cat couplings and O-ring face seal fittings provide a dry, reliable machine. The F and F2 Series backhoe circuits incorporate the XT-3 ES ToughGuardTM hoses. Operator station features: Air-suspension seat is standard on all models. Adjustable tilt steering is standard except on 415 canopy configurations. Rear, door, and side windows can be fully opened for enhanced ventilation and cab roof is extended to help keep operator dry. Four-post Rollover Protective Structure (ROPS) for increased protection. Analog display with soft-key navigation/selection is standard with optional touchscreen display on certain models. High performance backhoe linkage offers 205° of bucket rotation with one pin position. Backhoe geometry creates more stick force than previous series, brought closer to the operator to pull spoil through trench. The 450F has a backhoe bucket rotation of 198°. Diagonal Retention System (DRS) standard on all factory installed buckets with weld-on tooth adapters, excluding the 450F. Bucket teeth are attached with diagonal pins rather than horizontal pins for easy exchange of bucket teeth. 450F buckets remain fitted with J225 size, horizontal fastener pins. All other buckets have bolt-on Uni-teeth. Integrated lift eye on backhoe linkage. Object handling installation available on 428, 432, 434 and 444 for EU countries. Cat Cushion Swing system smooths the swing function, improving the return-to-trench controllability. The extendible stick on 415 thru 450 models offers object clamping while extending. Serrated edges secure clamped objects. Wear pad configuration eases adjustment on all four sliding surfaces. All center pivot sticks have thumb-ready provision. The hydraulic system uses load sensing, flow sharing valves with anti-drift characteristics. Smooth, multifunction operation with the ability to have maximum lifting and digging forces at any RPM. Ride Control available as an option on all models but is standard on the 450. The ride control system smooths the ride under all job-site conditions. 4F/4R fully synchronized gear box provides on-the-go shifting in all gears and on-the-go engagement of optional all-wheel drive. Maximum travel speed is 40 km/h (25 mph). Available on 415, 416, 428 and 434. Powershift, with optional autoshift is available as an option on 420, 420XE, 428, 432 and 434. Autoshift is standard on 440 and 450. Lock-up torque converter available as an option on 420, 420XE, 428, 430, 432, 434 and 440 models for improved performance and efficiency while roading. Brakes are oil immersed, multi-disc, self-adjusting, and wear surface is made of Kevlar® for long service life. Brakes are boosted on all models. 4WD is standard on all models. It improves mobility and loader performance in poor traction conditions and can be engaged at any time in any operating condition. Includes 4-wheel braking effect feature. Sloping, flip-open multi-access hood allows excellent visibility to the loader working area and tilts forward for single location access to all daily service points. Dry-type, radial seal air cleaner with automatic, integrated dust ejector system provides efficient preseparation. The two-stage air filter incorporates both air cleaner and pre-cleaner functions into a single unit mounted under the hood.2-2At A GlanceBackhoe LoadersAt A Glance: Operator Comfort Wide Opening Windows Standard Air Suspension Seat Adjustable seat, steering column, and backhoe controls Easy to read and navigate displaysVersatility IT Loader Coupler (Optional) All Models Mechanical and Hydraulic Backhoe Quick Coupler(Optional) All ModelsControl Hand Control DIF lock Brake Mode Selector Switch Lock up Torque Converter (Optional) 420/420 XE/430/440 Ride Control (Optional) All Models2Serviceability Grouped Daily Service Checks Easy Access Cooling Package (No Tools Required) Battery Disconnect (Standard) Greaseless E-Stick with fast and easy adjustments.Hydraulics Variable Displacement Piston Pump Flow Sharing Valves Mech/Pilot/EH controls EH Technology 420 XE/440/450 Full implement forces at any RPMSafety/Security Transmission Neutralizer Switch Hydraulic Lock Out Back up alarm standard Security System (Optional) Operator Display Enabled2-3Backhoe LoadersApplicationsRoad Construction & Utilities "Oil & Gas" Examples of Basic Applications Re-Surfacing Work · Installing Utilities Trenching Maintenance · Broom for debris clean up · Snow blowers to clear roadways Installing Utilities TrenchingGovernmental Examples of Basic Applications Land Management Log and Brush Clearing· Grapples and Multi-purpose buckets Post Holes and Fence work· Use augers to bore holes · Forks to carry postAgriculture Examples of Basic Applications Farm Maintenance· Augers · MP Buckets · Forks for fencing · TilingGeneral Construction Examples of Basic Applications Ground Prep· Compactor level jobsite Lay Drainage Pipe Installing Utilities2-4CONTENTSROTARY BLASTHOLE DRILLSProduct Line Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Applications/Industries Served . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Key Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4DRILLS3Throughout this document, references to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim, EU Stage IIIB, and Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 4 Final/Stage IV/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final, EU Stage V, and Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards.Throughout this document, references to Tier 1/Stage I include U.S. EPA Tier 1 and EU Stage I equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 2, EU Stage II, and Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 3, EU Stage IIIA, and Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent emission standards.3-1Rotary DrillsProduct Line Description Applications/Industries ServedPRODUCT LINE DESCRIPTIONThe Cat® Rotary Drill Family consists of the: MD6200, MD6250, MD6310, MD6380 and MD6640. With a wide range of pulldown and related weight on bit, the Cat drill family offers a maximum bit load of up to 63 975 kg (141,000 lb), to suit a wide variety of applications. They're proven to deliver efficiency, high productivity and low cost, as well as provide a comfortable environment for the operator.With a synergy of robust structures, long-lasting systems and innovative technology, the Cat line of rotary drills has demonstrated its effectiveness and longevity in a variety of mining and quarry environments, including both soft- and hard-rock applications, as well as extreme temperature and high-altitude locations.Equipped with low pressure compressors and hydraulic drive systems to power rotary tricone bits of various sizes and configurations, the MD6200, MD6250 and MD6310 diesel powered drills can also be configured with high pressure compressors for DTH (down-the-hole) hammer drilling. Caterpillar has the drill that delivers the optimal combination of bit load, rotary torque and onboard air to ensure maximum productivity in a wide range of applications.PRIMARY APPLICATIONS FOR ROTARY BLASTHOLE DRILLSMODELBench DrillingCast Blast DrillingPresplit DrillingMD6200*xxMD6250xxMD6310xxMD6380**xxMD6640***xx*Primary production blasthole drill, with the ability to do limited presplit drilling. **Ultra-Class production blasthole drill, available with only low pressure compressor package. ***Ultra-Class production blasthole drill (Electric), available with only low pressure compressor package.Over Burden Drilling x x x x x3-2SpeciFfiecatuiornes Rotary DrillsCAT ROTARY DRILL FEATURESSolid StructuresThe Box section frame rail construction with optimized, profiled transitions in all high stress areas provides exceptional structural durability. The A-frame and axle are integrally connected to ensure smooth load transitions. Caterpillar undercarriages have threepoint oscillating suspension, GLT (grease lubricated track pins), and PPR2 (positive pin retention).Sturdy MastSome models can be configured with various mast lengths to suit specific application requirements for single pass or multi pass drilling.Designed with double-cut lacing to assure long life, mast groups are designed to ensure a torsionally strong structure reducing deflection and material fatigue.Machined frame/mast connections eliminate custom fitment and allow for easy mast replacement or swapping of masts between drills without cutting or welding.Jack SystemJack casing assemblies are integrally welded to the main frame providing structural strength and durability and reduce torsional flexing of the main frame.The leveling jacks are positioned to provide excellent stability and weight over the hole.HOBO WrenchThe variable grip Hydraulically Operated Break Out wrench is part of a highly efficient breakout system 3 that increases speed of pipe changing operations, consequently increasing productivity.The hydraulic break out wrench is operated from the cab thus protecting the operator.It also reduces impact loading to the mast and rotary head during pipe changes, further increasing drill mechanical availability.Power GroupFast cycle times are achieved through best in class bit load, rotary head horsepower, and bailing air for maximum efficiency.Ergonomic CabCab rubber shock-mounts absorb mechanical vibration and restrict exterior noise. The operator station design integrates an ergonomic seat, multifunction joystick controls with full instrumentation, dual 254 mm (10 in) color displays, high definition touchscreen monitors, and a 12 volt power port. There is an additional display screen for cc cameras which is color, high-definition and 254 mm (10 in).3-3Rotary Drills Key SpecificationsMODELHole Diameter Hole DepthMD6200· 127-200 mm (5.0-7.87 in) · Single-pass -- 11 m (36 ft) · Multi-pass -- Down to 47.5 m (156 ft)Air compressor· Rotary -- 32.6 m3/min (1150 ft3/min) @ 8.6 bar (125 psi)· DTH -- 29.7 m3/min (1050 ft3/min) @ 24.1 bar (350 psi)Engine· C18 @ 1800 RPM · Emissions -- U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final · Power Rating (ISO 14396) -- 439 kW (589 hp)Cooler ambient rating Cab Fuel Tank· C18 @ 1800 RPM · Emissions -- U.S. EPA Tier 2 equivalent · Power Rating (ISO 14396) -- 438 kW (587 hp) · Up to 52° C (125° F) · FOPS cab has 1.9 m2 (20.5 ft2) floor space · 833 L (220 U.S. gal)Pipe Rack· 9.14 m (30 ft) pipesDrill Pipe Capacity Tram Speed MaximumAngle Hole Drilling· Quantity -- 4 pod· high speed tram -- 3.3 km/h (2.0 mph) low speed tram -- 2.1 km/h (1.3 mph)· Vertical to 30° (in 5° increments)· Optional negative angle drilling package (0° to 15°, in 5° increments) for a total range of (30° to 15°)MD6250· 152-250 mm (6-9.8 in) For short mast: · S ingle-pass -- 11.2 m (36.7 ft),Multi-pass -- Down to 53.6 m (176.7 ft)For long mast: · S ingle-pass -- 13.6 m (44.6 ft),Multi-pass -- Down to 37.9 m (124.6 ft) · Rotary -- 56.6 m3/min (2000 ft3/min)@ 8.6 bar (125 psi)· DTH -- 38.2 m3/min (1350 ft3/min) @ 34.4 bar (500 psi)· D TH -- 42.4 m3/min (1500 ft3/min) @ 24.1 bar (350 psi)· C 27 @ 1800 RPM · E missions -- U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final · P ower Rating (ISO 14396) -- 650 kW (872 hp)· C 27 @ 1800 RPM · E missions -- U.S. EPA Tier 2 equivalent · P ower Rating (ISO 14396) -- 616 kW (826 hp) · U p to 52° C (125° F) · F OPS cab has 3 m2 (32.3 ft2) floor space · P rimary tank is 1416 L (374 U.S. gal) plusexpansion of +1416 L (374 U.S. gal) for a total of 2832 L (748 U.S. gal) (option) · 1 0.67 m (35 ft) pipes for short mast· 6 .1 m (20 ft) pipes for long mast · Q uantity -- 4 pod · 2 .45 km/h (1.5 mph)· V ertical to 30° (in 5° increments)3-4Key Specifications Rotary DrillsMODELMD6310MD6380Hole Diameter· 203-311 mm (8-12.25 in)· 251 to 381 mm (9.875-15 in)3Hole DepthFor short mast:· Single-pass -- 19.8 m (65 ft)· Single-pass -- 13.7 m (44.9 ft), Multi-pass -- Down to 74.6 m (244.9 ft)· Multi-pass -- Down to 39.6 m (129 ft)Air compressorFor long mast: · Single-pass -- 17.5 m (57.4 ft),Multi-pass -- Down to 47.9 m (157.4 ft)· Rotary -- 56.6 m³/min (2000 ft3/min) @ 8.6 bar (125 psi)· Rotary -- 101.9 m³/min (3600 ft3/min) @ 6.9 bar (100 psi)· Rotary -- 73.6 m³/min (2600 ft3/min) @ 7.6 bar (110 psi)Engine· DTH -- 42.2 m³/min (1500 ft3/min) @ 34.4 bar (500 psi)· C32 @ 1800 RPM · Emissions -- U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final · Power Rating (ISO 14396) -- 751 kW (1007 hp)· 3512C @ 1800 RPM · Emissions -- U.S. EPA Tier 2 equivalent · Power Rating (ISO 14396) 949 kW (1273 hp)Cooler ambient rating Cab· C32 @ 1800 RPM · Emissions -- U.S. EPA Tier 2 equivalent · Power Rating (ISO 14396) -- 769 kW (1031 hp)· Up to 52° C (125° F)· FOPS cab has 3 m2 (32.4 ft2) floor space (standard cab)· Up to 52° C (125° F) · FOPS cab has 4.2 m2 (45.2 ft2) floor spaceFuel Tank Pipe Rack· Optional extended size cab for a total of 4.2 m2 (45.2 ft2) floor space· Primary tank is 1609 L (425 U.S. gal) plus expansion of +1609 L (+425 U.S. gal) for total of 3218 L (850 U.S. gal) (option)· 12.19 m (40 ft) pipes for short mast· 4164 L (1100 U.S. gal) · 9.9 m (32.5 ft) pipesDrill Pipe Capacity Tram Speed Maximum Angle Hole Drilling· 7.62 m (25 ft) pipes for long mast · Quantity -- 4 or 5 pod · 2.45 km/h (1.5 mph) · Vertical to 30° (in 5° increments)· Quantity -- 2 pod · 1.93 km/h (1.2 mph) · Vertical to 30° (in 5° increments)3-5Rotary Drills SKepyecSifpiceactiifoicnastionsMODELHole Diameter Hole DepthAir compressor EngineCooler ambient rating Cab Fuel Tank Pipe Rack Drill Pipe Capacity Tram Speed Maximum Angle Hole DrillingMD6640· 244-406 mm (9.6-16 in) · Single-pass -- 21.3 m (70 ft) · Multi-pass -- Down to 42.6 m (140 ft) · 108 m³/min (3800 ft3/min) @ 4.5 bar (65 psi) · Electric Motor · 597 kW (800 hp) · 4160V/7200V (50 or 60 Hz) · Up to 52° C (125° F) · FOPS cab has 4.2 m2 (45.2 ft2) floor space · Not applicable · 9.14 m (30 ft) or 12.19 m (40 ft) pipes · Quantity -- 2 pod · 1.77 km/h (1.1 mph) · Vertical to 25° in 5° increments3-6FOREST PRODUCTSCONTENTSPROCESSING/LOADINGForest Machines Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2MILLYARDSWheel Loaders Forestry Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4WORK TOOLSGrapples for Heel Boom Log Loaders Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 Forestry Grapple Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6Logging Forks Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7Couplers Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Buckets and Thumbs Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Woodchip Dozers and Scoops Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9Rakes Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-94TABLESLog Volume Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10 Weights of Commercially Important Woods . . . . . 4-12 Estimating Number of Trees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15 Comparison of Log Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15 Measurement Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Cubic Feet of Solid Wood per Cord . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16 Rule of Thumb Conversions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-164-1FPororecsetssPirnogd/uLcotasding Forest MachinesIntroduction FeaturesIntroductionCat forestry machines are specifically designed for tough forest work. Each model uses purpose built booms, sticks and grapples designed by Caterpillar for maximum per formance and durability.The following information provides features, speci fications, dimensions, working ranges and major com ponent weights for the forest machines.Features538/538 LL Cat C7.1 ACERT engine provides exceptional fuelefficiency while delivering maximum power for this machine size class. Optimized hydraulics minimize losses due to ineffi ciencies through component design, component layout and finely tuned machine and work tool parameters. Performance is enhanced with over 10% more swing torque, 12% more travel speed, and 10% more hydraulic flow compared to the previous model. Rugged frame designs are purpose built for forest applications; these include reinforcements to the upper frame, heavy duty doors and guarding, rugged swing bearing, reinforced carbody and roller frames that help protect your investment. Undercarriage is high-wide design for stability and ground clearance, and has 15% or 4" more ground clearance than the previous model. Undercarriage includes 203 mm (8 in) pitch 330 PPR3 track links; roller frames include eight bottom rollers total with full length track guards and high drawbar final drives. Engineered reliability is provided through the use of proven Cat components and increased cooling capacity with hydraulic reversing fan standard equipment and 2 A/C condensers for superior HVAC performance and cab cooling capability. Diverse machine configurations are available to meet the many applications of todays forest machines; these include front omission, road builder, rotate grapple, processor, under/under, over/under, powerclam, and material handler options. Operator station standard equipment includes heated and ventilated seat with lumbar support, 4 point seat belt, 1.25" or 32 mm polycarbonate front window, and high resolution 10" touchscreen display that integrates standard rear view camera and optional side view camera. Diverse work tool options include integrated heel racks and GLL grapples; both deliver high performance and reliability in severe logging applications.4-2FeaturesProcFeossreinsgt /PLroadduicntgs Forest Machines558 LL Cat C7.1 ACERT engine provides exceptional fuelefficiency while delivering maximum power for this machine size class. Optimized hydraulics minimize losses due to ineffi ciencies through component design, component layout and finely tuned machine and work tool parameters. Performance is enhanced by 25% more swing torque than previous model that helps maximize work site efficiency. Rugged frame designs are purpose built for forest applications; these include reinforcements to the upper frame, heavy duty doors and guarding, rugged swing bearing, reinforced carbody and roller frames that help protect your investment. Undercarriage includes roller frames that deliver nine rollers for needed stability and to minimize point load ing; 216 mm (8.5 in) pitch 349 HEX track are used for durability. Engineered reliability is provided through the use of proven Cat components and increased cooling capacity. Diverse machine configurations are available to meet the many applications of todays forest machines; these include under/under, over/under, processor, power clam, and material handler options. Operator station consists of updated seat with heated and ventilated functionality along with a new improved LCD display that is 40% larger and includes four times the screen resolution; LED lights are standard on the machine. Cab options include side-entry cab and rear-entry cab on log loader configurations. Diverse work tool options include integrated heel racks and GLL grapples; both deliver high performance and reliability in severe logging applications.568/568 LL Cat C9.3 ACERT engine provides exceptional powerand fuel efficiency. Attachments -- Factory installed log loader fronts with live heel and Cat grapples; harvester, road 4 builder and butt-n-top fronts; help meet diverse for estry applications. Cat GLL forestry grapples, built with high-grade steel throughout the grapple, matched with Cat Forest Machines provide high performance and reliability in logging applications. Reinforced carbody design stands up to the most demanding forest applications, assuring outstanding durability and service life. Undercarriage -- Heavy-duty link assemblies provide toughness and durability, maximizing undercarriage life and minimizing operating costs. Long 10 roller track frames provide excellent machine stability and maneuverability on steep slopes. Guarding -- Purpose designed guarding helps extend service life, reduces downtime and helps protect your forestry machine investment. Operator station -- Spacious, quiet, automatically cli mate controlled cab has excellent sightlines to the work area. Cat offers a premium rear entry cab for those regions or operations that require this functionality. Serviceability -- Simplified service and maintenance, and electronic diagnostics help save time, money and increase productivity.4-3Forest MPriolldyaurcdts Wheel LoadersFeaturesWheel Loader Forestry Features:Wheel loader Forestry-specific configurations equip the 990, 988, 980, 966, 962, 950, as well as XE models, with additional features to deliver the performance, strength and durability required to be productive in tough millyard applications including loading and unloading trucks, sorting, decking and feeding the mill.Logging, millyard and wood pallet forks as well as woodchip and clean-up buckets can be added to equip the machines for forestry applications.Ride control, axle oil coolers, heavy-duty tilt cylinders, factory 3V and 4V hydraulic options, lockup clutch, reversing fan, and additional counterweight are among some of the factory integrated solutions for use in forestry and logging applications.Specially designed work tools for forestry applications are matched to the machines for optimum performance along with optional guarding packages for machine protection.4-4Grapples for Heel Boom Log Loaders FeaturesForest Products Work ToolsWORK TOOLSGrapples for Heel Boom Log Loaders Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6 Forestry Grapple Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6Logging Forks Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7Couplers Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Buckets and Thumbs Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8Woodchip Dozers and Scoops Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9Rakes Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9Features: Full 360° continuous rotation. Paddle style tines are made of high strength steel, anduse abrasion resistant material on tips for longer life. Induction hardened pins and bushings.4 Heavy duty hydraulic cylinders with built in check valves, and protective hose guarding for more uptime.4-5Forest Products Work ToolsGrapples for Heel Boom Log Loaders Dimensions Forestry Grapple Matching GuideDimensions for Log Loading GrapplesD BCPart NumberWeightWidthA Maximum Opening B Height, Open C Height, Closed D Minimum OpeningRotation, ContinuousRotation, TorqueAGLL52591-00421253 kg2,762.4 lb561 mm22.09"1321 mm52.01"1839 mm72.4"1887 mm74.29"127 mm5"360°1153 N·m850.41 ft-lbGLL55591-00431297 kg2,860 lb561 mm22.09"1397 mm55"1885 mm74.21"1958 mm77.09"127 mm5"360°1153 N·m850.41 ft-lbGLL60591-00441388 kg3,060 lb561 mm22.09"1524 mm60"1975 mm77.76"2032 mm80"127 mm5"360°1153 N·m850.41 ft-lbForestry Grapple Matching Guide Machine Model538 LL 548 LL 558 LL 568 LL MH3040* M325D L MH* 320 FM 322 FM 324 FM 325 FM 330 FM *When equipped with appropriate front linkageOptimal ·GLL52 · ·° °· · · ° °4-6Acceptable °No matchGLL55° ··° ° ° ° · ···GLL60· · · ·· ·Logging Forks FeaturesForest Products Work ToolsFeatures:Loader Fork Few work tool lines can match the range and u tility of Cat Forks. Forks transform loaders into high per formance material handling platforms capable of sorting, stacking and working wherever product, palletized material or lumber is at hand.Millyard and Logging Forks Cat Millyard and double top clamp forks are perfor mance-matched to Cat Wheel Loaders for unmatched on-the-job performance. The design features of fork and loader complement each other to make the ideal total system solution for log handling applications. Both forks are ideally suited for heavy-duty applica tions: loading and unloading trucks, sorting, decking, and feeding the mill.Log and Lumber Forks Handle logs or finished lumber with equal ease. The top clamp holds loose loads securely, and the palletstyle forks make short palletized material. This ver satility makes them suitable for a wide range of jobs including loading trucks, decking and sorting lumber 4 or logs.4-7Forest Products Work ToolsCouplers Buckets and Thumbs FeaturesFeatures -- CouplersFusion Couplers Fusion Quick Couplers provide unmatched versa tility to any loader. Change tools in seconds without leaving the cab. Any work tool backed by coupler hooks can be picked up; allowing the loader to fit whatever application is at hand.Center-LockTM Pin Grabber Couplers The Cat Center-Lock Pin Grabber Coupler allows buckets and other standard work tools to be used without any modification. Exchanging work tools in seconds improves overall production and increases machine versatility. The Coupler is pinned on in place of the bucket with standard pins, and can be easily removed should the need arise to mount a tool directly to the stick. The Center-Lock Coupler offers new possibilities. Buckets can be turned around and used in front shovel mode for final trench clean up. An integral lift eye on the coupler body allows lifting without the weight of the bucket, increasing both machine capac ity and visibility from the cab.Features -- Buckets and Thumbs Cat Bucket Thumbs for Hydraulic Excavators Multiply the performance of a Cat Excavator by adding a Cat Bucket Thumb. This highly versatile work tool acts in conjunction with the bucket to allow the excavator to grab irregularly shaped items and load loose materials and debris.Mini Bucket Thumbs Cat Bucket Thumbs are matched to Hydraulic Excavator Buckets for increased on-the-job performance. A thumb works with the bucket to grab, pick and sort debris, brush, trash and rock, opening up new pro duction opportunities for your Cat Mini Excavator. Thumbs are an ideal complement to excavators work ing in demolition, land clearing, landscaping, material handling and construction jobs.Clamshell Buckets Cat Clamshell Buckets are the premier tools forcleanup, demolition, ground clearing and forestry work. Built of heavy T1 steel, these buckets are tough and durable for long service life in the most difficult applications. Clamshell buckets feature continuous 360° rotation, powered by a high-torque hydraulic motor.4-8Woodchip Dozers and Scoops Rakes FeaturesForest Products Work ToolsFeatures Woodchip Dozers and ScoopsBuckets, U-blades, Bowldozers, Chip Scoops The high-capacity, high-efficiency design of these tools makes them high-production workhorses. They are matched to specific machines and material den sities for optimum performance. The extra capacity and load retention capabilities ensure maximum usage and productivity.Features -- RakesLoader, Clearing and Clamp and Blade Rakes Rakes are durable, high-capacity tools that will increase production for land clearing, site cleanup and site preparation. Available in quick coupler and pin-on models, rakes pile brush, stack and carry debris and 4 load trucks. Features include thick, fabricated teeth, a heavy-duty push bar and serrated tree pusher. A high brush rack retains the load, prevents back spillage and increases carrying capacity.4-9Forest Products TablesLog Volume TablesUSE OF LOG VOLUME TABLESThe tabulated volumes on these pages were calcu lated with no taper in log diameter from base to top. Therefore each value listed in the table represents the volume of a true cylinder. In practice this may occur only in short sections of large diameter trees. To obtain the volume of solid wood logs, excluding bark: 1. Establish the base diameter of the log inside thebark and above the butt flare (extreme end taper). 2. Repeat the procedure for the top (small end) of log. 3. Enter log volume table at each of the two establisheddiameters. Move horizontally to the vertical column closest to the length of the log being measured. 4. Establish the volume figures for each end of the log, add the two together and divide by two to obtain aver age log volume.Log Diameter(cm) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 125 150 175 20020.016 0.035 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.19 0.25 0.32 0.39 0.48 0.57 0.66 0.77 0.88 1.01 1.13 1.27 1.42 1.57 2.45 3.534.8 6.340.031 0.071 0.13 0.20 0.28 0.38 0.50 0.64 0.79 0.95 1.13 1.33 1.54 1.77 2.01 2.27 2.54 2.84 3.14 4.907.1 9.6 12.660.047 0.11 0.19 0.30 0.42 0.58 0.75 0.95 1.18 1.43 1.70 1.99 2.31 2.65 3.02 3.40 3.82 4.75 4.71 7.36 10.6 14.5 18.8METRIC LOG VOLUMES (in Cubic Meters)LOG LENGTH (METERS)80.063 0.14 0.25 0.39 0.57 0.7 1.01 1.27 1.57 1.90 2.26 2.65 3.08 3.53 4.02 4.54 5.09 5.67 6.28 9.82 14.1 19.2 25.1100.078 0.18 0.31 0.49 0.71 0.96 1.26 1.59 1.96 2.38 2.83 3.32 3.85 4.42 5.03 5.67 6.36 7.09 7.85 12.27 17.7 24.0 31.4120.094 0.21 0.38 0.59 0.85 1.15 1.51 1.91 2.36 2.85 3.39 3.98 4.62 5.30 6.03 6.81 7.63 8.51 9.42 14.73 21.2 28.9 37.7140.12 0.25 0.44 0.69 0.99 1.35 1.77 2.22 2.76 3.33 3.96 4.65 5.40 6.19 7.05 7.94 8.90 9.92 11.0 17.18 24.7 33.7 44.0160.13 0.28 0.50 0.79 1.13 1.54 2.02 2.54 3.16 3.80 4.52 5.31 6.15 7.06 8.06 9.08 10.17 11.33 12.58 19.6 28.3 38.5 50.3180.14 0.32 0.57 0.88 1.27 1.73 2.27 2.86 3.54 4.28 5.09 5.98 6.93 7.95 9.07 10.20 11.43 12.76 14.16 22.1 31.8 43.3 56.5200.16 0.35 0.63 0.98 1.42 1.93 2.52 3.18 3.94 4.75 5.65 6.64 7.70 8.84 10.08 11.32 12.71 14.18 15.72 24.5 35.3 48.1 62.8220.17 0.39 0.69 1.08 1.56 2.12 2.78 3.50 4.34 5.23 6.22 7.30 8.48 9.72 11.09 12.47 13.99 15.60 17.30 27.0 38.8 53.0 69.1240.19 0.42 0.75 1.18 1.70 2.31 3.02 3.82 4.71 5.70 6.78 7.96 9.23 10.60 12.10 13.62 15.27 17.01 18.85 29.5 42.4 57.7 75.4260.20 0.46 0.82 1.28 1.84 2.50 3.27 4.13 5.10 6.18 7.35 8.62 10.0 11.49 13.10 14.75 16.54 18.43 20.42 32.0 45.9 62.6 81.7280.22 0.49 0.86 1.37 1.98 2.69 3.51 4.45 5.49 6.65 7.92 9.29 10.77 12.37 14.10 15.89 17.81 19.85 22.0 34.4 49.5 67.3 88.0300.24 0.53 0.94 1.47 2.12 2.89 3.77 4.77 5.89 7.12 8.48 9.95 11.54 13.25 15.10 17.02 19.10 21.26 23.56 36.8 53.0 72.2 94.24-10Log Volume TablesForest Products TablesENGLISH MEASURE LOG VOLUMES (in Cubic Feet)Log Diameter (inches)LOG LENGTH (FEET) 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 70 80 90 10040.7 1 1.4 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.2 6.1 7 7.8 8.761.6 2.4 3.1 3.9 4.7 5.5 6.3 7.1 7.8 8.6 9.4 10 11 12 13 16 18 20482.8 4.2 5.6 7 8.4 9.8 11 13 14 15 17 18 19 21 24 28 31 35104.4 6.5 8.7 11 13 15 17 20 22 24 26 28 31 33 38 44 49 55126.3 9.4 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 35 38 41 44 47 55 63 71 79148.5 13 17 21 26 30 34 39 43 47 51 56 60 64 74 86 96 1011611 17 22 28 34 39 45 50 56 61 67 73 78 84 98 112 126 1401814 21 28 35 42 49 57 64 71 78 85 92 99 106 124 141 159 1772017 26 35 44 52 61 70 79 87 96 105 113 122 131 153 175 196 2182221 32 42 53 63 74 85 95 106 116 127 137 148 158 185 211 238 2642425 38 50 63 75 88 101 113 126 138 151 163 176 189 220 251 283 3142629 44 59 74 89 103 118 113 147 162 177 192 207 221 258 295 332 3692834 51 68 86 103 120 137 154 171 188 205 222 240 256 299 342 385 4283039 59 79 98 118 137 157 177 196 216 236 255 275 295 344 393 442 4913245 67 89 118 134 156 179 201 223 246 268 290 313 335 391 447 503 5593450 76 101 126 151 177 202 227 252 277 303 328 353 378 441 504 567 6313657 85 113 141 170 198 226 255 282 311 339 368 396 424 495 566 637 7073863 95 126 158 189 220 252 284 315 347 378 410 441 473 551 630 709 7884070 105 140 175 210 244 279 314 349 384 419 454 489 524 611 698 785 87350109 164 218 273 327 382 436 491 545 600 645 709 764 818 955 1091 1227 136460157 234 314 393 471 550 628 707 785 864 943 1021 1100 1178 1374 1571 1767 196470214 321 428 535 642 748 855 962 1069 1176 1283 1389 1497 1604 1871 2138 2405 267380279 420 559 698 838 977 1117 1257 1396 1536 1676 1815 1955 2095 2441 2293 3142 34914-11Forest Products TablesWeights of Commercially Important Woods Temperate ZoneWEIGHTS OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT WOODSkg/m3lb/ft3Species(Green) (Green)A. Temperate Zone*Alder, Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73746Ash, White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76948Aspen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68943Baldcypress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81751Basswood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67342Beech . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86554Birch, Paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80150Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92958Cedar, Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57736Incense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72145Northern, White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44928Port-Orford . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89756Western Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43327Cherry, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72145Cottonwood, Eastern . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78549Douglas Fir, (Coast) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88155(Inland Empire) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57736Elm, American . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86554Fir, Alpine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44928Balsam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72145Nobel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48130Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76948Silver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57736White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75347Gum, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72145Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112170Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80150Tupelo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89756Hemlock, Eastern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80150Western . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96160Hickory, Pecan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99362True . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100962Larch, Western . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76948Locust, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92958Magnolia, Cucumber . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78549*NOTE: Weights taken from U.S. Dept. of Agriculture handbook No. 72, Wood Handbook.Species Maple, Big Leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Silver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oak, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chestnut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red, Swamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swamp Chestnut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White, Swamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pine, Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loblolly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lodgepole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Norway (Red) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Short Leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WesternYellow, (Ponderosa) . . . . White (Western) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White (Eastern) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poplar, Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spruce, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engleman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sitka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sweetgum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sycamore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tamarack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Walnut, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Willow, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kg/m3 (Green)753 865 801 721 897 1009 977 1009 1073 1041 993 1105 801 993 625 993 673 993 993 817 721 561 577 609 801 513 625 545 529 545 801 833 753 929 801lb/ft3 (Green)47 54 50 45 56 63 61 63 67 65 62 69 50 62 39 62 42 62 62 51 45 35 36 38 50 32 39 34 33 34 50 52 47 58 504-12Weights of Commercially Important Woods Southeast Asia West AfricaForest Products TablesSpecies B. Southeast Asia Apitong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bintangor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chumprak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ebony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geronggang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jelutong . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kapur (Borneo Camphorwood) . . . . Keruing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Krabak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kruen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lumbayau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mahogany, Philippine . . . . . . . . . . . .(Red Luan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (White Luan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (Yellow Luan) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mahoni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alayan Kauri (Damar Minyak) . . . . . . Melantai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Melapi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mangkulang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meranti Bakau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meranti, Dark Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meranti, White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Meranti, Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mersawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nyatoh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Palosapis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pulai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ramin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rosewood (Sonokelina) . . . . . . . . . . Seraya, Dark Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seraya,Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seraya, White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kg/m3 (Green)961 865 929 1746 721 641 1073 1121 817 1121 929753 769 769 913 817 705 849 929 849 753 769 769 817 897 817 545 1073 1314 753 769 769 1073lb/ft3 (Green)60 54 58 1090 45 40 67 70 51 70 5847 48 48 57 51 44 53 58 53 47 48 48 51 56 51 34 67 82 47 48 48 67kg/m3lb/ft3Species(Green) (Green)C. West AfricaAbura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85053.06Ako . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80049.94Azobe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130081.164Aniegre (Mukali) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95059.31Bete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Bosse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Bubinga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100062.43Dibetau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75046.82Douka (Makore) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95059.31Doussie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120074.91Framire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85053.06Fromager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55034.34Ilomba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75046.82Iroko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120074.91Kokrodua (Afrormosia) . . . . . . . . . . . 100062.43Kosipo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Limba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75046.82Mahogany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75046.82Moabi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110068.67Niangon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Okoume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65040.57Ozigo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Padouk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100062.43Samba (Obeche) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65040.58Sapelli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Sipo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80049.94Tchitola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85053.06Tiaba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90056.19Tola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85053.064-13Forest Products TablesWeights of Commercially Important Woods Australia New Zealand Papua New GuineaSpecies D. Australia Ash Alpine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Mountain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Silvertop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black Butt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Box Long Leaf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brownbarrel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Candle Bark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gum Grey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mountain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mountain Grey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . River Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forest Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Southern Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spotted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sydney Blue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Iron Bark Gray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Narrowleaved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jarrah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Karri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mahogany Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Myrtle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peppermint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pine Radiata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Monerey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Celerytop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stringy Bark Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Messmate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tallowwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wandoo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kg/m3 (Green)1041 1009 1330 1121993 1105 1105 1073 657 1217 1121 1169 1057 1137 1201 1217 1201 1153 1330 1330 1330 1169 1169 1153 1282 1169 1120 865 865 1057 1233 1169 1217 1121 1201 1282lb/ft3 (Green)65 63 83 70 62 69 69 67 41 76 70 73 66 71 75 76 75 72 83 83 83 73 73 72 80 73 70 54 54 66 77 73 76 70 75 80Species E. New Zealand Exotic Softwoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Radiata Pine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Douglas Fir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corsican Pine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Redwood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Larch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indigenous Softwoods . . . . . . . . . . . Mati . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rimu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exotic Hardwoods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eucaliptus Botryoides . . . . . . . . . . Eucaliptus Saligna . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indigenous Hardwoods . . . . . . . . . . . Beech -- Silver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beech -- Red . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kg/m3 (Green)1000 734 985 1016 9601120 1130893 1200920 1200 1022lb/ft3 (Green)62 45 61 63 6070 7056 7557 75 64Species F. Papua New Guinea Pine, Hoop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pine, Kauri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pine, Klinki . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kwila . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Erima . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Taun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Walnut, PNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cedar, Pencil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mersawa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Celtis, Hard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rosewood, PNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beech, PNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oak, PNG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ebony, PNG Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ebony, PNG White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hardwood,Yellow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hopea, Heavy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hopea, Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Podocarp, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terminalia, Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .kg/m3 (Green)520 480 510 800 390 680 560 720 650 780 600 830 650 1115 720 780 960 710 410 450lb/ft3 (Green)32 30 31 50 24 42 35 50 40 48 37 51 40 69 50 48 60 44 25 284-14Tree Counts Comparison of Log RulesForest Products TablesESTIMATING NUMBER OF TREES PER HECTARESpacingSpacing (Meters)(Meters) 123456781 10 000 5000 3333 2500 2000 1667 1428 125025000 2500 1667 1250 1000 834 714 62533333 1667 1111 834 667 556 477 41742500 1250 834 625 500 417 357 31352000 1000 667 500 400 330 286 25061667 834 556 417 333 278 238 20871428 714 477 357 286 238 204 17981250 625 417 313 250 208 179 156ESTIMATING NUMBER OF TREES PER ACRESpacingSpacing (Feet)(Feet) 56789 10 11 12 5 1742 1452 1244 1089 968 871 792 726 6 1452 1210 1037 1907 806 726 660 605 7 1244 1037 1888 1777 691 622 565 518 8 1089 1907 1777 1680 605 544 495 453 9 1968 1806 1691 1605 537 484 440 40310 1871 1726 1622 1544 484 435 396 36311 1792 1660 1565 1495 440 396 360 33012 1726 1605 1518 1453 403 363 330 30213 1671 1558 1478 1418 372 335 304 27914 1622 1518 1444 1390 346 311 283 25915 1580 1484 1415 1363 323 290 264 242COMPARISON OF LOG RULES Board Foot Values for16-Foot LogsDiameter atSmall End,Inside Bark, InternationalScribnerInches1/4 Inch Scribner Decimal Spaulding Doyle451010--0--046201820--048403230--01610655460503612957980776414135114110114 10016180159160161 1441823021321021619620290280280276 25622355334330341 32424425404400412 40026500500500488 48428585582580569 57630675657660656 67632770736740748 78434875800800845 90036980923920950 10243810951068 1070 1064 11564012201204 12001185 12964-15Forest Products TablesMeasurement Definitions Cubic Feet of Solid Wood per Cord Rule of Thumb ConversionsUNIT OF MEASUREMENT DEFINITIONS1 board foot = 1/12 ft3 of solid wood(1' 1' 1")1000 board feet = 83.33 ft3 of solid wood1 c. unit of wood = 100 solid ft3= 1200 board feet= 2.8331 cord of wood = 128 ft3 of stacked logs= 3.62 m31 unit of wood = 200 ft3 of loose chips= 5.66 m31 cord of wood = 0.85 units1 Hoppus Ton = 50 ft3 (assumed)= 63.65 ft3 (actual)= 600 board feet= 763.8 BF Brereton= 1.8 m3 actual= 1.4 m3 assumed1 cubic meter = 35.32 ft3= 424 board feet= 333 board feet Hoppus tons= 0.555 Hoppus Tons1 MBF Brereton = 2.36 m3= 785.4 board feet Hoppus1 MBF Hoppus = 1273 board feet-BreretonMBF= Thousand board feet1 Super Foot = 1 board foot100 Super Feet = 1000 board foot= 0.236 m3600 Super Feet = 50 ft31 lb/ft3= 16.0185 kg/m3CUBIC FEET OF SOLID WOOD PER CORDLength of Sticks-Ft.2 4 8 12Diameter at Small End1"-2.5" 2.5"-5.5" Over 5.5"658491648289597784547178RULE OF THUMB CONVERSIONS1 c. unit of wood = 1.117 cords = 1.25 units of chips = 250 ft3 of chips = 7.08 m31 cord of wood = 85 ft3 of solid wood = 1.06 units of chips = 2.41 m31 unit of chips = 80 ft3 of solid wood = 2.27 m3 1 cord of wood = 500 board feet = 1.18 m3 2000 pounds of chips = 500 pounds of pulp 1 cord = 212 ft3 of chips = 6 m34-16HYDRAULIC EXCAVATORSCONTENTSHYDRAULIC EXCAVATORSMini Excavator Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Lifting Capacity (definition) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 Bucket Capacity (definition) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Curl and Crowd Forces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5 Nomenclature forHydraulic Excavator Buckets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 Bucket Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9 Specialty Buckets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11 Working Weights (bucket & payload) . . . . . . . . . . 5-12 Technology on Excavators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13 Equipping Excavators:Long Reach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14 Long Reach Excavation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15 Super Long Reach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16 Machine Selection (tracks vs. wheels) . . . . . . . . 5-17 Shoe Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18 Quick Coupler Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19 Ripping & Loading in Quarries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23Cycle Time Estimating Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24 Machine Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26 5Maximizing Production with a Mass Excavator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-26Selecting a Mass Excavator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-27 Earthmoving Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-29 Production Estimating Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-31 Trenching Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-325-1Hydraulic ExcavatorsMini Excavator FeaturesNEXT GEN MINI EXCAVATORSThe Next Generation Excavators have been imagined, designed, and built with an improved customer experience in mind. The work and development of this product has been done with a customer focused framework that was designed to exceed expectations when compared to the current Cat and competitive offerings. This product is truly differentiated from competitors and creates an overall experience in its size class.To simplify the sales and marketing story for these products, an acronym has been developed for internal use to help make remembering areas of differentiation easy for dealer sales staff. The acronym, CAPES, highlights the five key areas of strength and differentiation of the products, and will be further detailed later in this document. See the overview below of the CAPES message:C:Customer: These Next Gen Mini Excavators have been designed with the customer in mind and should exceed expectations with strong performance, differentiation, and the greatest operator experience. The safety of customers is at the forefront of the machine's design, seen in how the Next Gen Mini Excavators are equipped with a sealed and pressurized cab, and a threeinch hi-vis seatbelt, among other safety features.A:Affordability: These Next Gen Mini Excavators, with their innovative, standard features, will provide a great price/value proposition for customers. It will also offer industry exclusive features like the canopy and tilt-up cab (some models), air conditioning (AC), the standard monitor with the option to upgrade to the touch-screen advanced monitor, and competitively priced basket of service parts.P:Performance: These Next Gen Mini Excavators will excel versus competition and previous Cat models in productivity. The machines will also travel faster, dig to blade, and outperform any competitive model with regards to digging and trenching. In conjunction with Stick Steer, you can operate the machine just like a dozer with travel in the left joystick and the blade in the right joystick.E:Experience: These Next Gen Mini Excavators will provide the most comfortable and unique customer experience of any excavators of its size. Some of the options include Stick Steer and Cruise Control, sealed and pressurized cab with AC, and a Next Gen LCD Monitor as standard with an option to upgrade to a Next Gen Advanced Monitor on cab units.S:Serviceability: These Next Gen Mini Excavators boast an industry first and uniquely designed tilt-up cab that offers best in class access to all components and reduced service time. All common maintenance points are easily accessible through all-around service door access in addition to the tilt-up cab.These Next Gen Mini Excavators will employ Cat Diesel engines that offer among the highest horsepower, displacement, and performance in the industry. The engine is Tier 4 Final Compliant and will offer the durability, performance, and serviceability that Cat engines are known for.The Next Gen machines will feature nomenclature that corresponds to the weight of the machines in metric tons, just as the other machines in the Cat mini excavator lineup.5-2Lifting Capacity DefinitionHydraulic ExcavatorsEXCAVATOR LIFTING CAPACITYOn many sewer jobs an excavator must lift and swing heavy pipe and manboxes in and out of the trench, place manholes and unload material from trucks. In some situations the excavator's lift requirements may be so critical that they determine the size excavator selected.An excavator's lift capacity depends on its weight, center of gravity, the lift point position (see sketches) and its hydraulic capability. An excavator's lifting capability for any given lift position is limited by its tipping stability or hydraulic capacity.Changes in boom, stick and bucket position affect attach ment geometry and can drastically change a machine's hydraulic lifting capacity. Caterpillar defines excavator lifting capabilities using the following SAE guidelines.Tipping Conditions -- An excavator is considered to be at the tipping point when the weight in the bucket act ing at the center of gravity causes the rear rollers to lift clear of the track rails. Suspended loads are cons idered to be hung from the back of the excavator's bucket or bucket linkage by a sling or chain. Weights of attachm ents, slings or auxiliary lifting devices are considered part of the sus pended load.Thus, the tipping load is defined as the load producing a tipping condition at a specified radius. The load radius shall be measured as the horizontal distance from the axis of upper structure rotation (before loading) to the cen ter of vertical load line with load applied (dimension A, below). The rating height is based on the vertical dis tance of the bucket lift point to the ground (dimension B).5HYPOTHETICAL MACHINERated Hoist Load -- The rated load is established using the vertical distance of the lifting point to the ground and the radius of load. Ratings for the ability of a spe cific machine attachment to lift a load slung from the designated bucket are defined as follows:a. The rated load will not exceed 75% of the tipping load.b. The rated load will not exceed 87% of the excava tor's hydraulic capacity. This means the machine should be able to lift 115% of the rated load.c. The rated load will not exceed the machine's structural capability.A. Radius from swing centerline B. Bucket lift point height5-3Hydraulic ExcavatorsLifting Capacity DefinitionThis drawing shows how an excavator's lifting capacity can vary with load position:HYPOTHETICAL MACHINELifting DecreasesTrench DepthLoad Lift PointGround LineOptimum Lifting RangeLoad RadiusPipe DiameterDigging Envelope BoundaryLifting DecreasesTips for Lifting Above Ground: Get the load as close to the excavator as possible.Use a cable short enough and position the excavator so as to put the load lift point in the "optimum lifting range" (see sketch).Problem: Long reach cable -- Can't lift.Solution: Shorten reach and cable -- Can lift.Tips for Lifting Below Grade: Use a cable for sufficient length to position the load liftpoint in the "optimum lifting range".Problem: Short cable, deep trench -- Can't lift.Solution: Lengthen cable to locate bucket hinge pin in optimum lifting area -- Can lift.For lifting capacities at different heights please consult specific excavator model Technical Specifications.5-4EXCAVATOR BUCKET CAPACITIESCaterpillar rates excavator buckets to conform with both PCSA standard No. 3 and SAE standard J-296. Buckets are rated on both their struck and heaped capacities as follows:Struck Capacity Volume actually enclosed inside the outline of thesideplates and rear and front bucket enclosures without any consideration for any material supported or carried by the spillplate or bucket teeth.Bucket Capacity DefinitionCurl and Crowd ForcesHydraulic Excavators5Heaped CapacityStrike Off PlaneStruck CapacityExcavator Bucket RatingHeaped CapacityVolume in the bucket under the strike off plane plus the volume of the heaped material above the strike off plane, having an angle of repose of 1:1 without any consideration for any material supported or carried by the spillplate or bucket teeth.The Committee on European Construction Equipment (CECE) rates heaped bucket pay loads on a 2:1 angle of repose for material above the strike off plane.CURL AND CROWD FORCESBucket penetration into a material is achieved by the bucket curling force (FB) and stick crowd force (FS). Rated digging forces are the digging forces that can be exerted at the outermost cutting point. These forces can be calculated by applying working relief hydraulic pressure to the cylinder(s) providing the digging force. The digging forces listed on next page conform with SAE Standard J1179 and PCSA Standard No. 3. The values may not be directly comparable to forces for machines rated by other methods than those described below.FB = Radial tooth force due to bucket cylinder( ) FB = _B_u_c_k_e_t_c_y_l_in__d_er__fo_r_c_e_ Arm D length_A_r_m__A_____A_r_m__C_ Arm BCylinder force = (Pressure) (End area of cylinder head)Arm D = Bucket tip radiusMaximum radial tooth force due to bucket cylinder (bucket curling force) is the digging force generated by the bucket cylinder(s) and tangent to the arc of radius D1. The bucket shall be positioned to obtain maximum output moment from the bucket cylinder(s) and con necting linkages. When calculating, maximum FB occurs when the factor -- Arm A times Arm C divided by Arm B -- becomes the maximum.FS = Radial tooth force due to stick cylinderFX (Stick cylinder force) (Arm E length) = ____________________________________(Arm F length)Arm F = Bucket tip radius + stick lengthMaximum radial tooth force due to stick cylinder (stick crowd force) is the digging force generated by the stick cylinder(s) and tangent to the arc of radius F. The stick shall be positioned to obtain the maximum output moment from the arm cylinder and the bucket positioned as described in the bucket force rating. When calculating, maximum FS occurs when the axis in the stick cylinder working direction is at a right angle to the line connecting the stick cylinder pin and the boom nose pin.5-5Hydraulic ExcavatorsCurl and Crowd ForcesBucket Selection Considering Bucket Curl and Stick Crowd ForcesThe combination of the excavator's stick crowd force and bucket curling force give this machine configuration more effective bucket penetration force per mm (inch) of bucket cutting edge than is available with other machine types such as wheel and track loaders.As a result of high penetration force, an excavator bucket is comparatively easy to load. Also, the higher unit breakout forces allow the excavator's economic application range to be extended farther into the tougher soils (coral, caliche, shale, limestone) before blasting or ripping is required.To take full advantage of an excavator's high p ene tration forces, buckets should be selected so they are well matched to soil conditions that are encountered. The two important things to consider are bucket width and bucket tip radius.As a general rule, wide buckets are used in easily dug soil and narrow buckets in harder material. In hard rocky soils, tip radius also has to be considered in bucket selection. Because the shorter tip radius buckets provide more total bucket curling force than the long tip radius buckets, they are generally the easiest to load. A good rule of thumb when selecting a Cat bucket for hard material is to choose the narrowest bucket that has a short tip radius.Other factors such as trench bottom width specifi cations, manbox size, or the desire to conserve bedding material may also influence excavator bucket selection.SHORTERLONGERTIP RADIUS5-6Nomenclature for Hydraulic Excavator BucketsHydraulic ExcavatorsCaterpillar offers a very comprehensive list of high strength steel buckets. High strength steel allows thinner components which helps keep the weight down, maintains durability and improves loadability. The wrong bucket can reduce production 30-40% or more. Caterpillar's in-depth knowledge of machine design,bucket design and application experience allows offering machine matched packages that optimize performance.Additional buckets may be available and the listed buckets may not be available in all sales areas. Contact your Cat dealer for your specific bucket needs.NOMENCLATURE FOR HYDRAULIC EXCAVATOR BUCKETSCaterpillar has moved to a global nomenclature for buckets on small, medium and large excavator (HEX) machines and associated linkages. The end result has been a manageable, consistent bucket offering in all regions regardless of where the machine or bucket may be built and shipped.Why the change?Consistent product line Buckets sold into different regions of the world havebeen designed and manufactured independent of each other resulting in different bucket styles and nomenclature. As Caterpillar became more global, we recognized this lead to confusion in the marketplace as machines and buckets are sourced from different areas.5 Improved bucket selectionCaterpillar continues to recognize the need for a range of buckets for various applications and with varying durability requirements -- from site development to granite quarries. The new, global nomenclature is simplified, consistent, and based on the durability of the bucket. These considerations allow a clear and consistent bucket positioning to help facilitate appropriate bucket selection and recommendation -- and put Caterpillar in a better position to support machines on a global scale.In the past, HEX buckets were grouped into three main categories: General Purpose (GP), Heavy Duty (HD), and Heavy Duty Rock (HDR). New nomenclature brings in four primary categories, each represent durability. They are: General Duty (GD), Heavy Duty (HD), Severe Duty (SD), and Extreme Duty (XD). Within the Extreme Duty class a new bucket specific for use in granite will be available for the large excavators.5-7Hydraulic ExcavatorsNomenclature for Hydraulic Excavator BucketsThe diagram below illustrates how previous nomen clature aligns with the current, followed by a brief description of each category.Previous NomenclatureGPHDHDRCustom (ie: granite applications)Current NomenclatureGDHDDescription:General Duty Low impact Lower abrasion materials (ie: dirt, loam, mixed compositions of dirt and fine gravel) Pin-on and couplerHeavy Duty Wide rangeof impact Wide range of abrasion material (ie: mixed dirt, clay and rock) Trenching Variety of applications Pin-on and couplerSDXDSevere Duty Higher abrasionconditions (ie: shot granite) Wear bars, wear plates are substantially thicker and larger for added protection Pin-on and couplerExtreme Duty High abrasion conditions (ie: granite quarries with high quartzite content Corner shrouds have been added and side wear plates are larger for added protection against abrasion and gouging wear Pin-on and coupler5-8BUCKET TYPES General DutyBucket TypesHydraulic ExcavatorsHeavy Duty5For digging in low impact, lower abrasion materials such as dirt, loam, and mixed compositions of dirt and fine gravel. Example: Digging conditions in which General Duty tip life exceeds 800 hours.Typically larger General Duty buckets are the most popular sizes, and are used by site developers to mass excavate in low abrasion applications. Lighter structures decrease load time and increase the weight that can be lifted. Standard size adapters and tips. Sidebars are pre-drilled for optional sidecutters and sidebar protectors.The most popular excavator bucket style. A good "center line" choice, or starting point, when application conditions are not well known.For a wide range of impact and abrasion conditions including mixed dirt, clay and rock. Example: Digging conditions where Penetration Plus tip life ranges from 400 to 800 hours.Heavy Duty Buckets are recommended for trenching in utilities work, and for the general contractor working in a variety of different situations. Thicker bottom and side wear plates than General Duty buckets for more durability. Adapters and tips are up-sized for enhanced perfor mance and durability. Sidebars are pre-drilled for optional sidecutters and sidebar protectors.5-9Hydraulic ExcavatorsBucket TypesSevere DutyExtreme DutyFor higher abrasion conditions such as well shot granite and caliche. Example: Digging conditions where tip life ranges from 200 to 400 hours with Penetration Plus tips. Bottom wear plates are about 50% thicker than Heavy Duty buckets. Side wear plates are about 40% larger than Heavy Duty buckets for added protection against abrasive and gouging wear. Heavy Duty and Severe Duty buckets use same size adapters. Adapters are sized to accommodate higher abrasion conditions. Tips are up-sized (over the General Duty bucket) for enhanced performance and durability. Sidebars are pre-drilled for optional sidecutters and sidebar protectors.For very high abrasion conditions including high quartzite granite. Example: Digging conditions where tip life is less than or equal to 200 hours with Extra Duty tips. Corner (or heel) shrouds, Base Edge End Protectors (BEEPs), base edge segments, liners, and Mechanically Attached Wear Plates (MAWPs) protect the bucket from wear. Side wear plates are larger. Sidebar protection has been added for protection against abrasion and gouging wear. Adapters are sized to accommodate higher abrasion conditions. Tips are up-sized (over the General Duty bucket) for enhanced performance and durability.5-10Specialty BucketsHydraulic ExcavatorsA wide range of specialty buckets to fit your specialty applications. These buckets are designed with specific tasks or applications in mind such as ditch cleaning, grading, and trenching.Clean-UpClean-up buckets combine the straight edge and width options of a Ditch Cleaning bucket with the capacity and durability of a General Duty bucket, creating the ideal bucket for digging, grading, and finishing work.Ditch Cleaning and Ditch Cleaning TiltDitch Cleaning buckets work best for cleaning ditches, sloping, grading, and other finish work as the only style with side liquid drainage holes, making it easier to move solid materials. Ditch Cleaning Tilt buckets have 90° of hydraulic tilting capability, 45° left and 45° right powered by two, double-acting cylinders.Grading and TrenchingGrading and Trenching buckets are primarily usedto create a smooth finish or grade to a job. Primarilyused with the Tiltrotator, the bucket gains the capability to create a smooth finish from multiple angles. The5narrower profile of Trenching buckets allows for dig-ging specific widths when necessary.SkeletonSome applications may require the removal of larger materials while sifting out finer materials, for example removing large rocks from a sandy area. Skeleton buckets are ideal for these situations. Skeleton buckets can excavate, sort, and sift due to their mesh design.Clean-UpDitch CleaningDitch Cleaning TiltGradingProfileSevere Duty ExtremeSkeletonTrenchingUtility DutyUtility DutyUtility Duty buckets are a costeffective solution for your basic digging needs. Ideal applications are low-impact, low-abrasion materials. The shallow profile makes it easier to empty sticky materials such as loam or clay.Severe Duty ExtremeSevere Duty Extreme buckets are capable of handling, loading, and face scraping of high-impact materials such as high quartzite granite, ore, coal, and shot rock. Designed specifically for 35 ton and higher excavators in highly abrasive applications.ProfileTrench digging is an easy task with the use of a Profile bucket, which has fixed or have adjustable wings, allowing the operator to conform to the size and shape of certain trenches. Profile buckets with wings are adjustable from 30-45° relative to the plane being dug.5-11Hydraulic ExcavatorsWorking Weights Bucket Fill Factors Bucket & PayloadBUCKET PAYLOADAn excavator's bucket payload (actual amount of material in the bucket on each digging cycle) is dependent on bucket size, shape, curl force, and certain soil characteristics, i.e., the fill factor for that soil. Fill factors for several types of material are listed below.Average Bucket Payload = (Heaped Bucket Capacity) (Bucket Fill Factor)Material Moist Loam or Sandy Clay Sand and Gravel Hard, Tough Clay Rock -- Well Blasted Rock -- Poorly BlastedFill Factor Range (Percent of heapedbucket capacity)A -- 100-110%B -- 95-110%C -- 80-90%60-75%40-50%Working Weights -- Bucket & PayloadThe following tables give maximum "bucket plus payload" weights to assist in selecting the correct bucket for a specific application. These weights are based on actual job conditions. In better than average conditions the excavator may be able to achieve rated lift capacities listed in this section.NOTE: Bucket sizes are suitable for a maximum material density of 1800 kg/m3 (3035 lb/yd3). Payloads shown are calculated at 1500 kg/m3 (2530 lb/yd3).5-12Technology on ExcavatorsHydraulic ExcavatorsMany Cat excavators have simple to use technologies that help boost operator efficiency that includes Cat Grade with 2D, Cat Grade with Assist, Cat Payload, Cat Lift Assist, and Cat E-Fence. Other available optional upgrades include Cat Grade with Advanced 2D and Cat Grade with 3D.CAT GRADE WITH 2DCat Grade with 2D helps operators reach grade faster. Operators cut and fill to exact specifications without overcutting. It can be programmed to the site's most used target depth and slope offsets so grade can be obtained with ease a real time saver on the jobsite. No grade checkers are needed so the work area is safer.CAT GRADE WITH ASSISTAutomated boom, stick, and bucket movements deliver more accurate cuts with less effort. The operator simply sets the depth and slope in the monitor and activates single-lever digging. Also reducing operator fatigue and improving operator accuracy, speed, versatility and safety.CAT PAYLOADCat Payload technology delivers precise load targets with on-the-go weighing, which helps prevent over/ underloading and maximizes efficiency. Automated tracking helps manage production and lower cost. The monitor's USB port lets the operator download the results from production so progress can be managed without needing an internet connection.LIFT ASSISTLift Assist quickly calculates the actual load that is being lifted and compares it to the rated load the excavator is capable of handling. Visual and auditory alerts tell the operators if they are within safe working range or need to take action to avoid tipping.2D E-FENCE TECHNOLOGY5Whether a bucket or a hammer is being used, standard 2D E-fence automatically stops excavator motion using boundaries operators set in the monitor for the entire working envelope above, below, sides and front. E-fence protects equipment from damage and reduces fines related to zoning or underground utility damage. Automatic boundaries even help prevent operator fatigue by reducing overswinging or digging.AVAILABLE OPTIONAL UPGRADESCat Grade with Advanced 2D and Cat Grade with 3D increase productivity and expand grading capabilities. Grade with Advanced 2D adds in-field design capabilities through an additional 254 mm (10 in) high-resolution touchscreen monitor. Grade with 3D adds GPS, GNSS, and GLONASS positioning for pinpoint accuracy.5-13Hydraulic ExcavatorsLong Reach IntroductionINTRODUCTIONLong reach excavators are designed purposely for light duty digging that requires reach capability well above that of normal digging machines. To be able to have high enough digging forces together with an acceptable size bucket, the long reach excavators have a smaller digging envelope than the ditch cleaning machines. Long reach excavators are ideally suited for deep digging in gravel or sand pits then feeding directly into a hopper.Caterpillar's long reach hydraulic excavators use purpose-built booms and sticks designed by Caterpillar for maximum performance and durability in light duty applications.Long Reach Excavation Fronts include: boom, stick, linkage cylinders (boom, stick, and bucket), hydraulic lines, additional counterweight for stability over the side and heavy duty wide undercarriage. Dimensions include light excavation bucket.5-14Long Reach Excavation IntroductionHydraulic ExcavatorsINTRODUCTIONLong Reach Excavation machines are designed specif-ically for jobs requiring longer reach than stand ard exca-vators, combined with digging capabilities.The boom and the stick are purposely designed to per-form digging operations with an acceptable bucket size.The performances of the machine are attainedthrough the use of bigger boom cylinders, heavy-dutywide undercarriage and significant additional counter5weight. A heavy-duty upper-frame is also used in orderto guarantee durability and resistance to the extrastresses generated by that demanding application.Long Reach Excavation machines are ideally suitedfor deep or long distance digging in sand or gravel pits,slope forming, cleaning of settling banks, river conservation and other work formerly reserved for draglines.These excavators can of course feed directly into ahopper or load a truck that would stand by their side.The boom and the stick are designed followingCaterpillar's standards, in order to provide the maximum performance and durability in digging applica-tions.Long Reach Excavation Fronts include: boom, stick,linkage (boom, stick, and bucket cylinders), hydrauliclines and additional counterweight. Dimensionsinclude the bucket.5-15Hydraulic ExcavatorsSuper Long Reach IntroductionINTRODUCTIONSuper long reach excavators are designed specific ally for those jobs requiring maximum reach well beyond the range of normal excavators. Those machines are designed to drag a small bucket at about 90 degrees over the side of the tracks towards the excavator; they are not suited for digging work. Caterpillar offers the Long Reach excavators for light digging applications with a much larger digging envelope than normal exca vators. Super long reach excavators are suited for ditch cleaning, slope finishing, river conservation and other work formerly reserved to draglines.Caterpillar's super long reach hydraulic excava tors use purpose-built booms and sticks designed by Caterpillar for maximum performance and durability in dragging applications.Super long reach fronts include: boom, stick, linkage cylinders (boom, stick, and bucket), hydraulic lines and additional counterweight for stability while working over the side. Dimensions include bucket.5-16Machine Selection Tracks vs. Wheels Stick/Bucket CombinationsHydraulic ExcavatorsMACHINE SELECTION: TRACKS VERSUS WHEELSFeatures:Tracks Flotation Traction Maneuverability Severe underfoot Faster machinerepositioningWheels Mobility and speed No pavement damage Better stability withoutriggers or dozers Leveling machine withoutriggers Dozing capabilityTracks (10T to 95T)Unless the application calls for a lot of travel to, from, and around the job sites, a track-type excavator could be the better choice. Tracked-type excavators pro vide good traction and flotation in almost all kinds of underfoot conditions. Consistently good drawbar power provides excellent maneuverability. The Tracked under carriage also provides good overall stability. If the job calls for frequent machine repositioning, a track-type excavator will provide better operating efficiency -- where raising and lowering outriggers would take extra time.Wheels (15T to 24T)Looking for a highly versatile machine? A machine that can do more than mass excavation and trenching. Consider a Wheeled Excavator.A Wheeled Excavator combines traditional excavator features such as 360° swing, long reach, deep digging depth, high loading height, high digging forces and high lift capacities, with the mobility of a wheeled undercar riage. The rubber tires allow the excavator to travel pavedroads, work in shopping malls, squares, parking lotsand other paved areas without damaging the pavement.It's mobility allows fast independent travel between jobsites as well as on the job site giving you more job planning flexibility. The Wheeled Excavator is the ideal toolfor truck loading in tight quarters, undercutting concrete or asphalt, patching, shoulder work, curb andgutter repair, landscaping, spreading top soil, fine grading, laying pipe, placing manholes or ditch cleaning.5A Wheeled Excavator is also an ideal machine inmaterial handling. It can load or unload trucks andcarry loads around the job site. Stabilizers and a dozerblade can be pinned to the undercarriage increasing themachine's stability during lifting.Equip the Wheeled Excavator with dedicated specialattachments such as cab riser, material handling stickand boom. Add the additional hydraulic circuit optionand your ready for a complete range of special tools.Ditch cleaning bucket, clamshell, grapples, hammers toname a few.Cat wheeled Excavators offer a load independent,load-sensing, flow distribution hydraulic system thatgives the operator absolute precision and control nomatter what the application.Machine weight is the key to selecting a WheeledExcavator. Following are some additional factors thatneed to be considered.Choose the proper boom and stick for your reach,digging depth and lifting requirements. Stability can begreatly enhanced by adding outriggers and/or a dozerblade. Additional hydraulic circuits can be added depending on your application and stick end attachments.Acceptable Bucket/Stick CombinationsThe following charts identify the acceptable bucket and stick combinations for Cat wheeled Excavators and are based on stability. Minimum stability occurs with the linkage o riented over the side and positioned as shown in the visual. Dozer and/or stabilizers (if equipped) are raised and the bucket contains a full load. The longest stick is shown that has acceptable stability for each bucket. That stability is 1.1 moment ratio or b etter. Once this stability factor is established, all shorter sticks are then acceptable with the listed bucket.5-17Hydraulic ExcavatorsShoe SelectionEXCAVATOR SHOE SELECTIONUndercarriage life can be extended by equipping the machine properly for the application.Many excavators work on pavement or flat, soft ground and experience few undercarriage problems. But if those same machines (usually equipped with wide track pads) were placed in severe underfoot condi tions, undercarriage destruction could occur very rapidly.The rule, used for other track-type machines -- "When ever possible use the narrowest shoes available" -- is even more valid for excavators.The best general purpose track shoe is the triple grouser. It has a good section modulus and offers the best com prom ise between traction and minimum disturbance to paved surface.The double grouser shoe has a better section modulus and is more aggressive than the triple grouser section. Single grouser shoes are offered for maximum traction. Some users like single grousers for added mobility in hilly terrain.5-18Dedicated Quick CouplerHydraulic ExcavatorsQUICK COUPLER SYSTEMSQuick couplers can greatly increase a machine's versatility and productivity. They make it much easier to switch attachments which can increase utilization. Quick couplers also encourage changing buckets when the application changes, rather than continue to use a less efficient bucket. Example: An application that is predominately dirt with occasional pockets or seams of rock. Without a quick coupler the owner may choose to live with a rock bucket but, rock buckets are normally smaller and heavier which reduces performance in a dirt application. A quick coupler allows the use of the rock bucket in the rock and a GP bucket in the dirt.Caterpillar offers two main types of quick couplers. The first is a dedicated type. A typical system substitutes hooks on the bucket for the pin-on hinges used with con ventional buckets. The mating portion is pinned on the stick and bucket linkage. It slips into the hooks to secure the bucket or other attachment.Disadvantages:The hook type system requires special buckets. Con ventional pin-on buckets cannot be used. The ability to use buckets on more than one machine requires careful application analysis. Larger machines generate forces that can destroy the wrong buckets. Smaller machines with the wrong bucket may develop loads in excess of the machine's capability. Even if the machine can handle the loads, the tip radius may be too large to allow the bucket 5 to load properly. With the flexibility of a quick coupler comes the responsib ility to make sure the bucket or other attachments are properly sized for each application.The second type of quick coupler is the pin grabber type. This device pins on the stick and bucket linkage and grabs the bucket pins on standard pin-on buckets.Advantages:Bucket tip radius (distance from the bucket pivot point to the bucket tip) does not increase. Increased tip radius reduces curl and stick forces which can reduce the loadability of the bucket. The hook type coupler also does not add appreciable weight at the end of the stick. Keeping the tip radius and weight the same ensure no compromise in performance. The machine portion of the hook type coupler can be designed to allow more than one machine to use the same buckets.Advantages:The advantage of the pin grabber is that it will pick up standard pin-on buckets. No need to purchase new attachments that will fit the system.Disadvantages:The pin grabber is mounted between the stick and the bucket which increases the tip radius. The amount of increase depends on the pin grabber's manufacturer. Increasing tip radius can compromise performance by decreasing bucket forces. The coupler also adds weight and reduces the payload capability.Pin grabbers are required to mate up with existing bucket pins. Because different machines require differ ent pin spreads and diameters, they offer very limited ability to match with buckets from other machines.Both types of quick couplers offer cab activated... this allows an attachment change in 30 seconds or less.5-19Hydraulic ExcavatorsPin Grabber Quick CouplerPin grabber couplers allow work tools to be changed quickly -- improving overall production and increasing machine versatility. A coupler is pinned on in place of the bucket with standard pins, and can be easily removed should the need arise to mount a tool directly to the stick.The Pin Grabber Coupler is designed for use on machines sized from 10T to 95T -- and is designed to engage and disengage the same range of work tools as previous pin grabber couplers.No dimensional or interface changes have been made to this coupler. However, a new concept in the locking mechanism inside Center-Lock brings many benefits to the operator.CompliantThe Cat Pin Grabber Coupler gives operators confi dence through its locking system and visible locking mechanism. Couplers meet or exceed latest EN and ISO safety standards: EN474 and ISO/DIS 13031.Visible Secondary LockThe Pin Grabber Coupler was designed with the oper ator in mind. The secondary lock is clearly visible from the cab, providing an obvious indic ator of coupler sta tus: open or closed. The ability to see the lock on the front pin give the operator confidence and makes changing tools faster, while giving everyone on the job site reas surance that the Pin Grabber is locked tight.Job Site ConfidenceFrom engagement, all while working, to the time the attachment is disengaged, you can be completely confi dent attachments are connected properly.From the operator's seat, visual and audible indica tors help assure attachment is coupled. Your Cat exca vator hydraulics, mechanisms inside the coupler, along with digging forces assure the attachment operates as expected.The Cat Pin Grabber Coupler meets and exceeds safety standards allowing you to work anywhere in the world.ProductivityAs with any quick coupler, the Pin Grabber changes between attachments in seconds, allowing one machine to be used for multiple tasks on the job site.The ease of operation and quickness of tool change over maximizes productivity on the job site. The cou pler is easy to operate, regardless of user skill level, and it's easier to train new operators to use. The ability to see when the coupler is open and closed saves time when ever a tool is changed. The elimination of the locking bar allows for operation regardless of boom, stick and machine position.The Pin Grabber Coupler can pick up many b uckets in reverse "front shovel" position for better control in utility work and precise digging and grading operations. Many competitive buckets can be engaged, making the Cat Pin Grabber invaluable in mixed fleets or rental fleets.5-20Quick CouplerHydraulic ExcavatorsThe Cat CW quick coupler can pick up any work tool and is equipped with a wedge-style locking system minimizing break-out force loss. The CW is highly suitable for harsh applications, such as demolition and quarries. The CW has become the industry standard in Europe. It is interchangeable with different machine classes, and has been designed for use with more than 700 different machines, both Cat and non Cat.The Cat CW Series is available in a spindle and hydrau lic version. A spindle version can easily be modified into a hydraulic version and vice versa.Additional Benefit:Hoisting hooks -- To make the CW Series more ver satile, hoisting hooks are available from 2 metric tons (2.2 tons) up to 20 metric tons (22 tons) capacity for maximum lifting capacity.Hydraulic Version5 Spindle Version5-21Hydraulic ExcavatorsQuick CouplerAuto-Connect Quick CouplerThe Auto-Connect quick coupler automates tool exchange fully, so operators can change work tools quickly, from the safety and comfort of their cabs. Tool changes become a matter of seconds. Built on the field proven quick coupler CW platform, the unique design of the Auto-Connect prevents ruptured hoses and oil spills, avoiding unplanned downtime.Full Contamination Control on Both Quick Coupler and Work Tool:A sliding cover keeps any dust and debris away from the hydraulic area, protecting the fluid connectors when not in use. Seals on both the Quick Coupler and the work tool cover have been included to close the gap with the cartridges, ensuring full contamination control. Rigid work tools without hydraulics, like buckets, do not need conversion to be picked up by the Auto-Connect quick coupler, avoiding unnecessary expenses. Due to the location of the hydraulic coupling unit, it's protected against damage from outside.Plug-and-Perform System: Auto-Connect is a "plug-and-perform" system basedon Caterpillar's dedicated CW platform, and fits directly to the machine and existing controls. The Auto-Connect is controlled via the Quick coupler actuation circuit. Combined with Cat Tool Control, it's really easy for oper ators to select tools and make fast changeovers. With features like Auto Depressurization as standard no addi tional hydraulic components are required.5-22Ripping & Loading in QuarriesHydraulic ExcavatorsRIPPING & LOADING IN QUARRIES The "Rip & Load" concept includes a large massexcavator equipped with a hydraulic quick coupler, a rock bucket and a ripper tine. The ripper tine is used to disrupt the in-situ rock formation, after which same excavator switches to the bucket to load the rock. This system is used where economical, environm ental or legal issues prevent or restrict the use of explosives. In these situations, depending on geology, ripping either reduces the amount of explosives necessary, or replaces explo sives all together.Advantages: Reduction or elimination of blasting costs. Reduced safety risks. Smaller environmental impact (less noise and vibrations). Less exposure to precipitation, resulting in less water damage. Less waste (up to 35% reduction). Less internal cracks, resulting in higher quality product. Work areas can be closer to existing infrastructures. Fewer machines and personnel. Increased versatility with quick coupler (different buck ets, hammers). Lower Cost per Ton.Rip and Load Hourly Production(With Hydraulic Quick Coupler)Model 45T 65T-74T 85T-95TMetric Tons/Hour 150 - 300 200 - 400 300 - 500Short Tons/Hour 165 - 330 220 - 440 330 - 550RippabilityRefer to "Tip Selection", "Estimating Ripping Pro 5 duction" and "Use of Seismic Velocity Charts" in the Track-type Tractors section. This information generally applies to usage of a ripper tine on the mass excavator.Rippability Comparison between LHEX and LTTTThe excavator ripping technique is different from production ripping with a track-type tractor. The tracktype tractor pulls the ripper(s) through the rock mass at a constant rate, whereas the excavator uses its stickand curl forces to break material away from a horizontal or vertical face. Forward visibility in the excavator allows the operator to position the ripper tooth and attack geological discontinuities to assist the ripping process.In ripping and loading, the ripper is typically used between 15% and 20% of the hour preparing the material. Tool change time, when using the hydraulic quick coupler, is insignificant with 2% to 6%. The remainder of the time is used for loading.The ripping process improves bucket penetration which will increase service life of the bucket.5-23Hydraulic ExcavatorsCycle Time Estimating ChartsCYCLE TIME ESTIMATING CHARTSThe digging cycle of the excavator is composed offour segments:1. Load Bucket3. Dump Bucket2. Swing Loaded4. Swing EmptyTotal excavator cycle time is dependent on machine size (small machines can cycle faster than large machines) and job conditions. With excellent job cond itions the excavator can cycle fast. As job conditions become more severe (tougher digging, deeper trench, more obstacles, etc.), the excavator slows down accordingly. As the soil gets harder to dig, it takes longer to fill the bucket. As the trench gets deeper and the spoil pile larger, the bucket has to travel farther and the upper structure has to swing farther on each digging cycle.Spoil pile or truck location also affects cycle time. If a truck is located on the floor of the excavation beside material being moved, 10 to 17 second cycles are practical. The other extreme would be a truck or spoil pile located above the excavator 180° from the excavation.In sewer construction work the operator may not be able to work at full speed because he has to dig around existing utilities, load the bucket inside a trench shield, or avoid people working in the area.The Cycle Time Estimating Chart outlines the range of total cycle time that can be expected as job conditions range from excellent to severe. Many variables affect how fast the excavator is able to work. The chart defines the range of cycle times frequently experienced with a machine and provides a guide to what is an "easy" or a "hard" job. The estimator can then evaluate the conditions of his job and use the Cycle Time Estimating Chart to select the appropriate working range. A practical method of further calibrating the Cycle Time Estimat ing Chart is to observe excavators working in the field and correlate measured cycle times to job conditions, operator ability, etc.The following table breaks down what experience has shown to be typical Cat excavator cycle times with:-- no obstruction in the right of way -- above average job conditions -- an operator of average ability and -- 60°-90° swing angle. These times would decrease as job conditions or oper ator ability improved and would get slower as conditions become less favorable.Fastest PossibleFastestAPracticalBTypicalRangeCD SlowEKEYA -- Excellent B -- AboveAverage C -- Average D -- BelowAverage E -- SevereCYCLE TIME -vs- JOB CONDITION DESCRIPTION-- Easy digging (unpacked earth, sand gravel, ditch cleaning, etc.). Digging to less than 40% of machine's maximum depth capa bility. Swing angle less than 30°. Dump onto spoil pile or truck in excavation. No obstructions. Good operator.-- Medium digging (packed earth, tough dry clay, soil with less than 25% rock content). Depth to 50% of machine's maxim um capa bility. Swing angle to 60°. Large dump tar get. Few obstructions.-- Medium to hard digging (hard packed soil with up to 50% rock content). Depth to 70% of machine's maximum capability. Swing angle to 90°. Loading trucks with truck spotted close to excavator.-- Hard digging (shot rock or tough soil with up to 75% rock content). Depth to 90% of machine's maximum capability. Swing angle to 120°. Shored trench. Small dump target. Working over pipe crew.-- Toughest digging (sandstone, caliche, shale, certain limestones, hard frost). Over 90% of machine's maximum depth capability. Swing over 120°. Loading bucket in man box. Dump into small target requiring max imum excavator reach. People and obstruc tions in the work area.5-24Cycle Time Estimating ChartsHydraulic ExcavatorsCYCLE TIME ESTIMATING CHARTCYCLE TIMETracked 10T-11TTracked 12TWheeled 14T-15TTracked 15TWheeled 16T-18TTracked 19TWheeled 20TTracked 20TWheeled 22TTracked 23-24TTracked 30TTracked 36TTracked 49TTracked 65-74TTracked 85T-95TCYCLE TIME10 sec. 15 SEC.0.17 min.50.25 min.20 sec.0.33 min.25 SEC.0.42 min.30 sec.0.50 min.35 SEC.0.58 min.40 sec.0.67 min.45 SEC.0.75 min.50 sec.0.83 min.55 SEC.0.92 min.60 sec.1.0 min.5-25Hydraulic ExcavatorsMachine Operation Maximizing Production with a Mass ExcavatorCat 300 Series Mass Excavation booms and buckets coupled with the proper stick will help you move material faster and more efficiently in production excavation and loading applications. With the largest bucket, shortest stick and long undercarriage your excavator can often do the work of a larger machine. A longer stick and standard undercarriage make it ideal for loading on-highway trucks and general construction jobs.MAXIMIZING PRODUCTION WITH A MASS EXCAVATORIdeal Bench Height and Truck Distance -- For stable or consolidated materials, bench height should be about equal to stick length. For unstable materials it should be less. The most useful truck position is when the inside truck body rail is below the boomstick hinge pin.Optimum Work Zone and Swing Angle -- For maximum production, the work zone should be limited to 15° either side of machine center or about equal to undercarriage width. Trucks should be positioned as close as possible to machine centerline. Two alternatives shown here.Best Distance from the Edge -- The machine should be positioned so that the stick is vertical when the bucket reaches full load. If the unit is farther back, breakout force is reduced. If it is closer to the edge, undercutting may occur and time is wasted bringing the stick back out. Also, the operator should begin boom-up when the bucket is 75% of the way through the curl cycle. This should be as the stick nears the vertical position.This example reflects the ideal situation. Not all points are usable on each job, but incorporation of as many of these points as possible will positively affect production.5-26Machine Operation Selecting a Mass ExcavatorHydraulic ExcavatorsSELECTING A MASS EXCAVATORSelecting a mass excavator model for optimum pro duction requires matching the machine and bucket to the customer's production requirements, material, and haulers. The following 6-Step selection process will help you to consider the key factors which will impact machine selection. Failure to consider these key ele ments in the selection process may result in choosing a machine that is too small to efficiently handle the desired bucket size or to meet the production requirement. Select ing a mass excavator which is too large may lead to exces sive loader wait time, creating excessive "load shocks" into the hauler, and/or overloading the hauler capacity.Step 1Determine the material type and bucket fill factorRefer to the bucket fill factors table.Example: Average Blasted Rock = 75 to 90%Step 2 Estimate the Cycle TimeRefer to the cycle time estimating chart.Example:Tracks 65T Excavator in Hard Rock Digging Shot Rock= .43 to .52 minuteStep 3 Calculate the Effective Cycles per HourDivide the 60 minute hour by cycle time and adjust for availability and efficiencies.Example:Cycle Time0.48 minute60 minute hourCycle Time Operator Skill/Efficiency60 = 1250.48 0.9 (90%)Machine Availability0.95 (95%)Gen Operational Efficiency 0.83 (50 min/hr)Effective Cycles per Hour125 .9 .95 .83 = 89Step 4 Calculate the Required Bucket CapacityDivide hourly production requirement by effective cycles per hour, adjust for material density and fill factor.Example (Metric):Hourly Production Required500 Tons/hourEffective cycles/hour895Hourly ProductionRequired Effective cycles/hour=Required Payload500 = 5.689Material Density/LooseRequired Payload Material Density/=Bucket PayloadLooseVolumeFill FactorBucket PayloadVolume Fill Factor=Nominal Bucket SizeExample (English): Hourly Production Required Effective cycles/hourHourly ProductionRequired Effective cycles/=Required PayloadhourMaterial Density/LooseRequired Payload Material Density/=Bucket PayloadLooseVolumeFill FactorBucket PayloadVolume Fill Factor=Nominal Bucket Size1.6 Ton/m3 5.6= 3.5 m3 1.6 0.85 (85%) 3.5 .85 = 4.1 m3550 tons/hour 89 550 2000 89 = 12,360 lb 2700 lb/yd3 12,360= 4.6 yd3 2700 0.85 (85%)4.6 .85 = 5.4 yd35-27Hydraulic ExcavatorsMachine Operation Selecting a Mass ExcavatorStep 5 Select Mass Excavator for required bucket sizeRefer to machine Technical Specifications to compare models and bucket ranges. Confirm bucket type, size and maximum material density in Technical Specifications for desired model.Example:Required bucket capacity approximately 4.1 m3 (5.4 yd3)45T Track Excavator ME bucket capacity to 3.5 m3 (4.6 yd3)65T Track Excavator ME bucket capacity to 5.3 m3 (6.9 yd3)85T Track Excavator ME bucket capacity to 5.6 m3 (7.3 yd3)Best Choice 65T Track Excavator ME with 4.0 m3 (5.2 yd3)Rock Bucket rated to 1.8 Ton/m3 (3000 lb/yd3) material density in Technical SpecificationImportant: Re-calculate Steps 2 - 5 based on cycle times of model selected.Step 6 Select HaulersGeneral rule for matching trucks is based on number of cycles to fill the truck.ME:4 to 6 passesFront Shovels: 3 to 5 passesExample (Metric):Bucket Selected4 m3Volume in 5 passes5 4 .85 = 17 m3Payload17 1.6 = 27.2 TonsConsider weight of Liners 27.2 + 2 = 29.2 TonsSuitable Truck Match Options:35T AT with capacity 19.2 m3/31.8 t37T-40T OHT with capacity24.2 m3/37.9 tExample (English):Bucket Selected5.2 yd3Volume in 5 passes5 5.2 .85 = 22.1 yd3Payload 22.1 2700 = 59,670 lbConsider weight of Liners59,670 + 4400 lb = 64,070 lbSuitable Truck Match Options:35T AT with capacity 25.1 yd3/70,000 lb37T-40T OHT with capacity31.7 yd3/83,570 lb5-28Earthmoving Production Example ProblemHydraulic ExcavatorsEARTHMOVING PRODUCTIONAs with any other piece of material handling equip ment, excavator earthmoving production is dependent on average bucket payload, average cycle time and job efficiency. If an estimator can accurately predict exca vator cycle time and bucket payload, a machine's earth moving production can be derived from the following formula.m3 (yd3)/60 min hr = Cycles/60 min hr Avg. Bucket Payload in m3 (yd3)m3 (yd3)/60 min hr = _____6_0_m__i_n_/h_r_____ Avg. Bucket PayloadCycle Time min in m3 (yd3)Avg. Bucket Payload = Heaped Bucket Capacity Bucket Fill FactorActual m3 (yd3)/hr = m3 (yd3)/60 min hr Job Efficiency FactorThe Production Estimating Tables (next page) will provide theoretical earthmoving production in cubic meters (yards) per hour if bucket size and cycle time can be estimated. The use of an average cycle time allows adjusting the estimated production for specific job sites and applications. For instance, estimating truck loading applications should include truck exchange times which extends the average cycle time and reduces production potential. The values in the table are based on a 60 minute work hour or 100% efficiency (a condition that is never achieved in reality). The estimator should apply a job efficiency factor to the figures in the table based on his judgment or knowledge of actual job conditions.Areas outlined on the Production Estimating Table define the work ranges of excavators in the size classes of Cat 10T to 95T Excavators. The upper limit on each area corresponds to the "fastest practical" cycle time for the machines. The width of each area corresponds to the range of bucket payload sizes the machine can handle. An unshaded box has been provided in each machine area to provide a guide indic ating that the upper limit of earthmoving production is being 5 approached. When working beyond the values in the white area, the estimator should be certain that excellent job conditions will be encountered (easy digging, shallow trench, good operator, etc.).The Production Estimating Table can also serve as a guide when selecting the proper size machine to do a job, as is shown in the following example.Example problem (Metric)Contractor has a job to move 15 300 Bm3 (19 100 Lm3 considering 25% swell factor) of wet sandy loam mate rial in rear dump on-highway trucks which will be loaded by an excavator. Average face depth will be 2.4 m with 60-90 degree average swing angle. Ten days are avail able to do the work. Contractor plans to work 10 hrs/day and estimates a 50 min. work hour (83% job efficiency). He has two excavators that could be made available to do the work -- a 320 with 1.0 m3 bucket or a 336 with 1.9 m3 bucket. Experience has shown that either machine can get its rated capacity in the sandy loam soil. Could this job be done with either machine or will the 336 have to be used?Solution: The excavator must produce 1900 Lm3/ Day (19 100 Lm3 ÷ 10 Days) which means the required aver age hourly rate will be 190 Lm3/60 Min. Hr. (1900 Lm3/ Day ÷ 10 hrs/day). Further considering the 83% job effi ciency, the excavator's capability will have to be 230 Lm3/ 50 min hr.5-29Hydraulic ExcavatorsEarthmoving Production Example ProblemThe production estimating table shows that the Track 20T excavator with a 1.0 m3 bucket would have to achieve a 17.1 sec. average cycle time to produce the required 190 Lm3/ 60 min. hr. With job efficiency applied a 15.0 second average cycle time is required to produce the 230 Lm3/ 50 min. hr. The 336 with a 1.9 m3 bucket could obtain the same 60 min. hr. production level with a 35 second average cycle, or 30 second cycles to meet the 50 min. hr. production requirement. The cycle times estimating chart shows that the Track 20T excavator would be working near its maximum capability to meet the production requirement, whereas, the Track 36T excavator could handle the job easily. This information can then be weighed against what else is known about the job (reach requirements, job condi tions, operator ability, etc.) to decide whether or not the larger machine is needed.Example problem (English)Substitute these English values in the preceding problem: Job -- 20,000 BCY (25,000 LCY considering 25% swell). Average face depth -- 8-12 ft Track 20T excavator with 1.25 yd3 bucket or Track 36T excavator with 2.5 yd3 bucket.Solution: The excavator must produce 2500 LCY/ Day, which means the required average hourly rate will be 250 LCY/60 min hr. Further considering the 83% job efficiency the excavator's capability will have to be 300 LCY/50 min hr.The same concluding comments regarding the Pro duction Estimating Table apply here as in the Metric example.5-30Production Estimating TablesHydraulic ExcavatorsCubic Meters per 60 Minute Hour*ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESESTIMATED BUCKET PAYLOAD** -- LOOSE CUBIC METERSESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESCycle TimeCycles CyclesSeconds Min. 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 4.0 Per Min. Per Hr.10.0 0.176.036011.0 0.185.533012.0 0.20 60 90 150 210 2705.0300513.3 0.22 54 81 135 189 243 297 351 405 459 513 567 621 675 729 783 837 891 945 1080 4.527015.0 0.25 48 72 120 168 216 264 312 360 408 456 504 552 600 648 696 744 792 840 960 4.024017.1 0.29 42 63 105 147 189 231 273 315 357 399 441 483 525 567 609 651 693 735 840 3.521020.0 0.33 36 54 90 126 162 198 234 270 306 342 378 414 450 486 522 558 544 630 720 3.018024.0 0.40 30 45 75 105 135 165 195 225 255 285 315 345 375 405 435 465 495 525 600 2.515030.0 0.50 24 36 60 84 108 132 156 180 204 228 252 276 300 324 348 372 396 420 480 2.012035.0 0.58 20 31 51 71 92 112 133 153 173 194 214 235 255 275 296 316 337 357 408 1.710240.0 0.6781 99 177 135 153 171 189 207 225 243 261 279 297 315 360 1.59045.0 0.75133 148 164 179 195 211 226 242 257 273 312 1.37850.0 0.831.272Cubic Yards per 60 Minute Hour*ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESESTIMATED BUCKET PAYLOAD** -- LOOSE CUBIC YARDSESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESCycle TimeCycles CyclesSeconds Min. 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.25 Per Min. Per Hr.10.0 0.176.036011.0 0.185.533012.0 0.20 75 150 225 300 3755.030013.3 0.22 67 135 202 270 337 404 472 540 607 675 742 810 877 945 1012 1080 1215 1350 1417 4.527015.0 0.25 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720 780 840 900 960 1080 1200 1260 4.024017.1 0.29 52 105 157 210 262 315 367 420 472 525 577 630 682 735 787 840 945 1050 1102 3.521020.0 0.33 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360 405 450 495 540 585 630 675 720 810 900 945 3.018024.0 0.40 37 75 112 150 187 225 262 300 337 375 412 450 487 525 562 600 675 750 787 2.515030.0 0.50 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 600 630 2.012035.0 0.58 36 51 77 102 128 154 180 205 231 256 282 308 333 360 385 410 462 513 535 1.710240.0 0.67112 135 157 180 202 225 247 270 292 315 337 360 405 450 472 1.59045.0 0.75180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 360 400 409 1.37850.0 0.831.272Job Efficiency EstimatorWork Time/Hour 60 MinEfficiency 100%55 Min91%50 Min83%45 Min75%40 Min67%**Actual hourly production = (60 min. hr. production) (Job Efficiency Factor) **Estimated Bucket Payload = (Amount of Material in the Bucket)= (Heaped Bucket Capacity) (Bucket Fill Factor) **Unshaded area indicates average production.5-31Hydraulic ExcavatorsProduction Estimating Tables Trenching ProductionCubic Meters/Yards per 60 Minute Hour*ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESESTIMATED BUCKET PAYLOAD** -- LOOSE CUBIC METERS/YARDSCycle Time Seconds Min.15.0 0.25 17.1 0.29 20.0 0.33 24.0 0.40 30.0 0.50 35.0 0.58 40.0 0.67 45.0 0.75 50.0 0.83 55.0 0.92 60.0 1.005.0 1200 1050 900 750 600 510 450 390 360 330 3006.0 1440 1260 1080 900 720 612 540 468 432 396 3607.0 1680 1470 1260 1050 840 714 630 546 504 462 4208.0 1920 1680 1440 1200 960 816 720 624 576 528 4809.0 2160 1890 1620 1350 1080 918 810 702 648 594 54010.0 2400 2100 1800 1500 1200 1020 900 780 720 660 60011.0 2640 2310 1980 1650 1320 1122 990 858 792 726 66012.0 2880 2520 2160 1800 1440 1224 1080 936 864 792 72013.0 3120 2730 2340 1950 1560 1326 1170 1014 936 858 78014.0 3360 2940 2520 2100 1680 1428 1260 1092 1008 924 84015.0 3600 3150 2700 2250 1800 1530 1350 1170 1080 990 900ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESCycles Per Min.Cycles Per Hr.4.02403.52103.01802.51502.01201.71021.5901.3781.2721.1661.060Cubic Meters/Yards per 60 Minute Hour*ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESESTIMATED BUCKET PAYLOAD** -- LOOSE CUBIC METERS/YARDSCycle Time Seconds Min.15.0 0.25 17.1 0.29 20.0 0.33 24.0 0.40 30.0 0.50 35.0 0.58 40.0 0.67 45.0 0.75 50.0 0.83 55.0 0.92 60.0 1.0016.0 3840 3360 2880 2400 1920 1632 1440 1248 1152 1056 96017.0 4080 3570 3060 2550 2040 1734 1530 1326 1224 1122 102018.0 4320 3780 3240 2700 2160 1836 1620 1404 1296 1188 108019.0 4560 3990 3420 2850 2280 1938 1710 1482 1368 1254 114020.0 4800 4200 3600 3000 2400 2040 1800 1560 1440 1320 120021.0 5040 4410 3780 3150 2520 2142 1890 1638 1512 1386 126022.0 5280 4620 3960 3300 2640 2244 1980 1716 1584 1452 132023.0 5520 4830 4140 3450 2760 2346 2070 1794 1656 1518 138024.0 5760 5040 4320 3600 2880 2448 2160 1872 1728 1584 144025.0 6000 5250 4500 3750 3000 2550 2250 1950 1800 1650 1500ESTIMATED CYCLE TIMESCycles Per Min.Cycles Per Hr.4.02403.52103.01802.51502.01201.71021.5901.3781.2721.1661.060Job Efficiency EstimatorWork Time/Hour 60 MinEfficiency 100%55 Min91%50 Min83%45 Min75%40 Min67%5-32**Actual hourly production = (60 min. hr. production) (Job Efficiency Factor) **Estimated Bucket Payload = (Amount of Material in the Bucket)= (Heaped Bucket Capacity) (Bucket Fill Factor) NOTE: For estimating truck loading production include approximately 0.7 minutes for truckexchange time.Trenching Production Example ProblemsHydraulic ExcavatorsEXCAVATOR TRENCHING PRODUCTIONWhen an excavator is used for trenching applic a tions, a meaningful expression of work produced is the machine's trenching rate expressed in meters or lineal feet per hour or per day. Trenching rate depends on the earthmoving production of the excavator being used and the size of the trench being excavated. Earthm oving prod uction converts to trenching production as follows:Lineal Meters of Trench per Hour = ____C_u_b_i_c_M__e_t_er_s__E_x_c_a_v_at_e_d__p_e_r _H_o__u_r___ Cubic Meters per Lineal Meter of TrenchLineal Meters of Trench per day = (Lineal Meters per Hour) (Trenching Hours per Day)Lineal Feet of Trench per Hour = ___Y__d_3 _E_x_c_a_v_a_te_d__P_e_r_H__o_u_r___ Yd3 Per Lineal Foot of TrenchLineal Feet of Trench Per Day = (Lineal Ft Per Hour) (Trenching Hours Per Day)For machines that work in trenching applications where they dig all of the time, the Trenching Conversion Chart provides easy conversion from m3 (yd3) per hour to m (lineal feet) per hour, if the excavating rate m3/hr (yd3/hr) and trench volume m3/m (yd3/ft) are known. The following examples demonstrate how the Trench ing Conversion Chart can be used.Example problem (Metric)Contractor estimates that a Track 30T Excavator will prod uce 200 Lm3/hour. Trench survey shows that the trench contains 2.5 Lm3/meter. What trenching rate will the Track 30T produce?Solution: Enter the horizontal axis of the Trenching Conversion Chart at 200 m3/Hour and move up to the 2.5 m3/m diagonal line. Then move left to the vertical axis of chart and read answer of 80 m/hour. Example problem 2 (Metric)Contractor knows he must produce 1000 meters oftrench in every 10 hour work day. Survey shows thattrench contains 1.5 Bm3 per lineal meter and soil swellfactor is estimated at 30%. How much earthmovingproduction will the excavator have to provide in orderto get the job done on time assuming a 50 min workhour? What Cat excavator will provide needed prod uction at 6 meter maximum depth in sandy loam soil?5Solution: Determine trenching requirement 1000 meters in 10 hrs = 100 m/h. Convert Bm3 to Lm3 (excavator han dles Lm3) 1.5 Bm3/m 1.30 = 2.0 Lm3/m. Enter vertical axis of trenching conversion chart at m/h and travel horizontally to diagonal line representing 2.0 m3/m. Next move down to horizontal axis and read answer to 200 Lm3/50 min hr. Convert 200 Lm3/ 50 min hr to Lm3/ 60 min hr = 200 = 241 Lm3/60 min hr.Production estimating tables in this section show that 241 Lm3/60 min hr is within the capability of a Track 30T Excavator. Job should then be checked for reach and lifting requirements to make sure that a Track 30T could handle these aspects of the work. Example problem (English)Contractor estimates that a Track 30T Excavator will produce 250 LCY/Hour. Trench survey shows that the trench contains 2.5 LCY/Foot. What trenching rate will a Track 30T produce?Solution: Enter the horizontal axis of the Trenching Conversion Chart at 250 yd3/hr. Then move to the ver tical axis of chart and read answer of 100 ft/hr.The Trenching Conversion Chart can also be used to determine the required excavating rate if the contractor can define his trenching production requirement and the trench volume per lineal foot. 5-33Hydraulic ExcavatorsTrenching Production Conversion ChartExample problem 2 (English)Contractor knows he must produce 1000 ft of trench in every 10 hr work day. Survey shows that trench contains 1.6 BCY per lineal ft and soil swell factor is estimated at 25%. How much earthmoving production will excavator have to provide in order to get the job done on time assuming 50 min work hour? What Cat model will provide needed production at 8 ft depth in sandy loam soil?Solution: Determine trenching requirement -- 1000 ft in 10 Hrs. = 100 ft/hr Convert BCY to LCY -- 1.6 BCY/ft 1.25 = 2.0 LCY/ftEnter vertical axis of trenching conversion chart at100 ft/hr and travel over to diagonal line representing2.0 yd3/ft. Next move down to horizontal axis and readanswer of 200 LCY/50 min hr.Convert 200 LCY/50 min hr to LCY/60 min hr =_2_0_0_ 0.83=241LCY/60minhrProduction estimating tables in this section show that 241 LCY/60 min. hr. is within capability of a 30T Excavator. Job should then be checked for reach and lifting requirements to make sure that the 30T could handle these aspects of the work. TRENCHING CONVERSION CHART -- CUBIC METERS (yd3) PER HOUR TO METER (ft) PER HOUR0.5 m3/(yd3)0.75 m3/(yd3) 1.0 m3/(yd3) 1.5 m3/(yd3) 2.0 m3/(yd3) 2.5 m3/(yd3) 3.0 m3/(yd3) 4.0 m3/(yd3) 5.0 m3/(yd3) 7.5 m3/(yd3)10.0 m3/(yd3) 20.0 m3/(yd3)m (ft.)= m3/(yd3) Hr. Hr. = m3/(yd3) m (ft.)Values in m3/m or yd3/ftIf excavating rate has been calculated in Bm3/h use Bm3/m forTrench Volume/m."""" """ Lm3/h use Lm3/m for Trench Volume/m."""" "" " BCY/Hr use BCY/ft forTrench Volume/ft."""" "" " LCY/Hr use LCY/ft forTrench Volume/ft.5-34Trenching Production Estimating Bucket SizeHydraulic ExcavatorsEstimating Bucket SizeIn addition to the trenching calculations on the pre vious pages, an alternative method of figuring trenching production is the nomograph. Shown on the following pages, this particular nomograph can be used for esti mating bucket size when given trench dimensions and linear production rate. The nomograph is quicker and easier than the preceding example because it does not require as many calculations, yet the accuracy is about the same within the normal limits of input data.Be careful when entering and reading data from the nomographs because some scales increase from bottom to top, while others are the reverse. Do not be overly con cerned with the precision as affected by pencil line width or reading to the hundredth of a m3 (yd3). Remember that bucket fill factor, material density and cycle time are at best close estimates.Example problem:A sewer contractor owns a 30T with 2 piece boom and short stick. He wants to bid a contract for a 3.1 m (10') deep trench which measures 1.8 m (6') at the top and 1.2 m (4') at the bottom. He must dig 9 m/hr (30 ft/ hr) to finish on time. The material is sand and gravel with a load factor of 0.90 and 100% bucket fill factor. He works 54 minutes per hour, half the time digging and half setting pipe. Cycle time is estimated at 23 seconds 5 which includes a 90° swing angle.1) Enter trench depth 3.1 m (10') on scale A and aver age trench width 1.5 m (5') on scale B.2) Connect A and B and extend to scale C for bank vol ume per m (ft).3) Enter estimated load factor (0.90) on scale D. 4) Connect C & D and extend to scale E for loose volume per m (ft).A TRENCH DEPTHm ftB AVERAGE TRENCHWIDTHC BANK VOLUMEBCM/m BCY/ftD LOAD FACTORE LOOSE VOLUMELCM/m LCY/ftm ftNOTE: average trench width =X__+__Y_ 2x = 1.8 m (6') y = 1.2 m (4')(continued next page)5-35Hydraulic ExcavatorsTrenching Production(Get loose volume from scale E and enter on this page scale E.) 5) Enter required linear production rate 9 m/h (30 t/hr)on scale G. 6) Connect E and G. Transfer hourly production ratefrom scale F to scale K (next page).E LOOSE VOLUMEF HOURLY PRODUCTIONG LINEAR PRODUCTIONLCM/m LCY/ftLCM/m LCY/ftm/h ft/hr7) Estimate cycle time (23 sec) based on anticipated conditions and enter on scale H.8) Estimate hourly digging time (27 min) and enter on scale I.9) Connect H through I to scale J for cycles per hour.H CYCLE TIME100's of min SecI DIGGING TIME/HR.J CYCLESPER HOURCycles/hr% of Digging Hour time/hr%min5-36Trenching ProductionHydraulic Excavators(Get cycles per hour from scale J and enter on this page scale J.) 10) Connect J through K to scale L for required volume per cycle. 11) Enter estimated bucket fill factor (100%) on scale M. 12) Connect L through M to scale N for required bucketsize.NOTE: Ensure bucket width does not exceed minimum trench width and also that weight of bucket and payload does not exceed machine working weight capacity (see lift capacity charts in this section).J CYCLESPER HOURCycles/hrK HOURLY PRODUCTIONLCM/m LCY/hrL REQUIRED VOLUMEm3yd3M BUCKET FILLFACTOR5 N REQUIRED BUCKETm3yd35-37Hydraulic ExcavatorsTrenching Production Excavation VolumesSwing AngleAngle of ReposeH = max. reach at spoil pile ht.Side SlopeTrenchSpoil PileExcavation Volumes Per Meter or Foot of Trench LengthMetric versionBank m3/meter = (Trench end area m2) (one m) Trench volume (Bm3/m) = 1/2 (A + C) B Spoil pile volume (Lm3/m) = (Bm3/m) (1.00 + % Swell)English version Bank yd3/foot = _(T__re_n_c_h__e_n_d_a_r_e_a_f_t_2)____(_o_n_e_f_t_)27Trenchvolume(BCY/ft)=1_/_2 _(A__+__C__) ___B_ 27Spoil pile volume (LCY/ft) = (BCY/ft) (1.00 + % Swell)The following table provides a general guide to trench bottom width for various outside diameters of pipe.Pipe Diameter Trench Width Pipe Diameter Trench Width mm ft/in m ft/in mm ft/in m ft/in 102 4" 0.49 1'7" 1524 5'0" 2.59 8'6" 152 6" 0.55 1'10" 1676 5'6" 2.80 9'2" 203 8" 0.61 2'0" 1829 6'0" 3.05 10'0" 254 10" 0.70 2'4" 1981 6'6" 3.26 10'8" 305 12" 0.76 2'6" 2134 7'0" 3.47 11'5" 381 15" 0.91 3'0" 2286 7'6" 3.69 12'1" 457 18" 1.03 3'5" 2438 8'0" 3.93 12'11" 533 1'9" 1.16 3'10" 2591 8'6" 4.15 13'7" 610 2'0" 1.25 4'1" 2743 9'0" 4.36 14'4" 686 2'3" 1.37 4'6" 2896 9'6" 4.54 14'11" 838 2'9" 1.58 5'2" 3048 10'0" 4.75 15'7" 914 3'0" 1.70 5'7" 3200 10'6" 4.99 16'5" 1067 3'6" 1.92 6'4" 3353 11'0" 5.21 17'1" 1219 4'0" 2.13 7'0" 3505 11'6" 5.43 17'10" 1372 4'6" 2.38 7'10" 3658 16'2" 5.64 18'6" NOTE: Trench widths based on 1.25 Bc + 1.0 where Bc is the outside diameterof the pipe in feet. Table courtesy of American Concrete Pipe Association5-38Trenching Production Trenching Rate With PipesettingHydraulic ExcavatorsTrenching Production with PipesettingOn many sewer construction jobs the excavator does more than just dig the trench. Other tasks include han dling the shoring system, placing bedding material, and lowering the pipe. The normal work procedure is to open a section of trench and then stop and make a pipe installation before going on to dig the next section of trench. At that point the key to trenching production is the total amount of time required to install each sec tion of pipe. Pipe installation time can be broken down as follows: Digging time + other time = Total pipe installation time_T_o_t_a_l _P_i_p_e__In_s_t_a_l_la_t_i_o_n_T__im__e_60 min 30 min 15 min 10 min_P_i_p_e__In__s_ta__ll_e_d__P_e_r_H__o_u_r_1 Pipe/hr 2 Pipe/hr 4 Pipe/hr 6 Pipe/hrDigging Time can be calculated once the trenching rate has been calculated using the methods described earlier in this section. Once Digging Time has been calcu lated, it can be added to an estimate of "Other Time" to determine Total Pipe Installation Time. "Other Time" can be estimated based on a contractor's judgment, expe rience, or actual measu rement on a job. The following formula and table relate the trenching rate of the exca vator to the time required to open a section of trench for pipe of various lengths.Digging Time (Min.) =___P_i_p_e_L__e_n_g_th__(_ft_)___ Trenching Rate (ft/hr) 60 (Min/hr)Trenching Rate Ft. Per HourTime Required to Dig for Pipe of Various Lengths8 ft Pipe12 ft Pipe 16 ft Pipe 20 ft PipeHours Min. Hours Min. Hours Min. Hours Min. 20 ft/hr 0.400 24.00 0.600 36.00 0.800 48.00 1.000 60.005 40 ft/hr 0.200 12.00 0.300 18.00 0.400 24.00 0.500 30.00 60 ft/hr 0.130 8.00 0.200 12.00 0.260 16.00 0.333 20.00 80 ft/hr 0.100 6.00 0.150 9.00 0.200 12.00 0.250 15.00100 ft/hr 0.080 4.80 0.120 7.20 0.160 9.60 0.200 12.00120 ft/hr 0.060 4.00 0.100 6.00 0.120 7.20 0.167 10.00140 ft/hr 0.057 3.43 0.086 5.14 0.114 6.86 0.143 8.57160 ft/hr 0.050 3.00 0.075 4.50 0.100 6.00 0.125 7.50180 ft/hr 0.044 2.66 0.067 4.00 0.089 5.33 0.111 6.67200 ft/hr 0.040 2.40 0.060 3.60 0.080 4.80 0.100 6.00This table can be used to show how an excavator that is capable of more trenching production will provide significant advantages even on jobs where the machine does not dig all of the time. Consider 12,000' job with 12' sections of pipe (1000 pipe to be installed). Excavator "A" can work at 60 ft/hr while Excavator "B" is capable of producing 120 ft/hr. Table shows that Excavator "B" will only take 0.10 hr to do the same work. This means that over the course of installing the 1000 pipe the more productive machine will save 0.10 hr/pipe or 100 hours of working time.5-39Hydraulic ExcavatorsTrenching Production Pipesetting Example ProblemExample problem (English)The following example shows how trenching produc tion can be calculated on a job where the excavator is also required to set pipe. This example is based on the assumption that the excavator's earthmoving rate and the pipe installation time have already been estimated by the contractor.Problem: Contractor estimates that the 50T Excavator will be able to produce 500 LCY/60 min. hr. Survey shows that an average cross section trench contains 3.2 BCY/ft and swell factor for sandy clay soil is esti mated at 25%. How much trenching production can a contractor expect; assuming it takes 10.0 min. to install each 20 ft length of pipe after trench has been opened. Also assume 83% job efficiency -- 50 min. work hour and 8 work hours out of a 9 hour shift. (0.5 hours for lunch and two 15 minute breaks.)Solution: Convert trench volume to LCY/ft:1.25 (3.2 BCY/ft) = 4.0 LCY/ftConvert Earthmoving rate to Trenching rate:_5_0_0_L__C_Y__/h_r_ 4.0 LCY/ft=125ft/hrCalculate digging time for each pipe:_2_0_f_t_/p_i_p_e_ 125 ft/hr=0.16hr/pipe=9.6minCalculate pipe installation time:Digging time= 9.6 minOther time= 1_0_._0__m_i_n_Pipe Installation time = 19.6 minCalculate pipe installations/hour:__6_0__m__in_/_h_r__ 19.6 min/pipe=3.06pipe/hrCalculate max. pipe installations/day: 8 hrs (3.06 pipe/hr) = 24.48 pipe/dayActual pipe/day: 0.83 (24.48 pipe/day) = 20.3 20 pipe/dayActual feet/day: (20 pipe/day) (20 ft/pipe) = 400 ft/day5-40HYDROMECHANICAL ATTACHMENTSCONTENTSHYDRAULIC HAMMERS Cat Hammer Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2 Hammer Tool Application Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3 Performance Hammer Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4 Performance Hammer Tool Selection Guide . . . . . . 6-5 Performance Hammer Carrier Matching Guide . . . 6-6 Performance Hammer Carrier Matching GuideNext Gen Hex Only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-7 Performance Hammer Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-8 Lifecycle Value Hammer Features GC S . . . . . . . 6-11 Lifecycle Value Hammer Features GC . . . . . . . . 6-12 Lifecycle Value Hammer Carrier Matching Guide . . 6-13 Lifecycle Value Hammer Productivity . . . . . . . . . . 6-14 Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-15MOBILE SCRAP AND DEMOLITION SHEARS Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-16 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-17MULTI-PROCESSORS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18 Jaw Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-18 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-19CONTRACTOR'S GRAPPLES Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-20 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-21DEMOLITION AND SORTING GRAPPLES Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-24 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-26ORANGE PEEL GRAPPLES GSH Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-27 GSV Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-28 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-29 6 Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-30MULTI-FUNCTIONAL CONCRETE CRUSHERS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-31SECONDARY PULVERIZERS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32 Guarding Recommendation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-32 Matching Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-326-1Hydraulic HammersCat Hammer FeaturesPerformance LineGC SilencedLifecycle ValueGC Line Oil Fired Operating Cycle Gas Fired Operating Cycle Silenced as Standard Silenced as Standard World class production Industry standard production Automatic Shut Off (blank fire protection) Automatic Shut Off (Blank fire protection) Slip fit/Rotatable lower tool Slip-fit lower tool bushingbushing Machine protection: buffer system Machine protection: buffer system Machine protection: accumulator Machine protection: accumulator Optional machine or hammer Optional machine or hammermount auto lube systemmount auto lube system Manual adjustable piston stroke Optional wear package for housing selector Gas Fired Operating Cycle Industry standard production Slip-fit lower tool bushing Machine protection: accumulator Manual adjustable piston strokeselector6-2Hammer Tool Application GuideHydraulic HammersRoad building/construction Breaking of road surface Breaking uneven bedrock to lay a road Primary breaking to prepare road bed Trench excavation for drainage Demolition of bridges Heavily reinforced bridge pillars Making holes (for traffic signs, lamp posts) Breaking of frozen groundDemolition/housing development Demolition of concrete walls, roofs, floors Demolition of light, reinforced concrete (<20") Brick walls Rock trenches for mains/water supply/utilities Rock excavation for foundation Mass excavation of rock for industrial building bases Massive reinforced concrete foundations Separating rebar from concrete (for recycling)Quarrying/open cast mining Secondary boulder breaking Primary breaking of rock Breaking over sizes on a crusher/feeder/feed chuteUnderground applications ScalingMetallurgical applications Breaking of slag in casting ladles Breaking of slag in converter openings Cleaning of castings Breaking of massive steel slug Breaking of aluminum electrolyze slugOther applications Demolition/Rock breaking under waterOptimalAcceptableNot RecommendedTool Family Tool TypeStandard ToolsChiselMoilBlunt66-3Hydraulic HammersPerformance Hammer FeaturesH110 S-H180 S Hammer Features: Unique Suspension System -- Improved recoil, support and guidance protects the carrier, increases hammer durability. Entire power cell is secured firmly inside housing. Noise suppression, operator feel and control is improved. Auto Shut Off (ASO) -- Instantly stops the piston when breaking through material. Prevents blank fir ing, which is a top cause of hammer wear. Reducing wear improves maintenance and more productive hours of work. Accumulator -- Self-contained membrane accumu lator designed for long life. Port is accessible while hammer is mounted on the machine making testing and recharging a routine task achievable in the field. Hydraulic Valves -- A Pressure Control Valve (PCV) maintains maximum hydraulic pressure to ensure the hammer delivers all blows at full power. PCV can be easily checked and adjusted from outside the hammer in about 30 minutes. A check valve (not shown) iso lates harmful pulsation spikes from the carrier hydraulic circuit. Autolube Connection and Grease Channel -- Provides grease to the upper and lower tool bushings to ensure proper greasing, longer life for bushings and tool. Seal Carrier -- Contains special high performance seals to extend leak-proof operation. Piston -- Long piston transfers a long shock wave into the rock. Tool-piston diameters are matched for maximum energy transfer. Tie-Rods -- Larger threads improve load carrying capability, durability and reliability. Cylinder -- Engineered to be durable and reliable with minimal maintenance and downtime. Upper Tool Bushing -- Guides the tool to optimize in-line piston to tool contact. Tool Retaining Pins and Keepers -- Tool removal pro cess is simplified, achievable with common hand tools. Removal time reduced by 40% over previous models. Lower Tool Bushing -- As bushing reaches the wear limit, it can be easily rotated (90°) or replaced to bring it back into specification. Dust seals keep contaminants out.NOTE: Internal components of hammers are machined to close tolerances and require clean oil with full lubricating properties. When operating in high ambient temperatures or extreme temperature applications (e.g. foundries), higher viscosities are recommended to extend hammer life and improve performance. Hammers tend to shear multigrade mineral oil so that oil viscosity decreases. Contamination, water in oil, and decreased viscosity lead to earlier oil deterioration and the need for more frequent oil changes than normally recommended for the excavator. Extra care should be taken to avoid the entry of dust or dirt when installing or removing a hammer in the field.6-4Performance Hammer Tool Selection GuideHydraulic HammmeerrssLarge Hammer ToolsChiselHard Rock ChiselMoilCCMBlunt BSuper Blunt BRoad building/construction Breaking of road surface Breaking uneven bedrock to lay a road Primary breaking to prepare road bed Trench excavation for drainage Demolition of bridges Heavily reinforced bridge pillars Making holes (for traffic signs, lamp posts) Breaking of frozen groundDemolition/housing development Demolition of concrete walls, roofs, floors Demolition of light, reinforced concrete [<0.5 m (<20")] Brick walls Rock trenches for mains/water supply/utilities Rock excavation for foundation Mass excavation of rock for industrial building bases Massive reinforced concrete foundations Separating rebar from concrete (for recycling)Quarrying/open cast mining Secondary boulder breaking Primary breaking of rock Breaking over sizes on a crusher/feeder/feed chuteUnderground applications ScalingMetallurgical applications Breaking of slag in casting ladles Breaking of slag in converter openings Cleaning of castings Breaking of massive steel slag Breaking of aluminum electrolyze slagOther applications Demolition/rock breaking under water6H110 S H115 S H120 S H130 S H140 S H160 S H180 SC, M C, MC, M C, MM C, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MC, M C, M C, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MB, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, MBBBMMMMMMC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MC, M MC, M C, M C, MC, MB, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, MB, M B, M B, MB, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, MC, M C, M C, M C, MMMMB, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, MB C, MBBBBBC, M C, M C, MB, C, M, B, C, M B, C, M B, C, M B, C, MB C, MCCC, M C, M C, MC, MC, M C, M C, MC, MC, M C, MC, M C, MC, M C, MC, MC, MC, M C, M C, M C, M C, M C, M6-5Hydraulic HammersPerformance Hammer Carrier Matching GuideH95 S H110 S H115 S H120 S H130 S H140 S H160 S H180 SExcavators307D·308D CR/308E CR SB/308E2 CR SB·311D RR··312D/312D L/312E/312E L···314D CR/314E CR··315D···316E···318E···319D···320D/320E···320D RR/320E RR···321D LCR··324D···324E···328D LCR··329D/329E···336D/336E/336EH··345D··349E··365C·374D· *Installation of add-on optional counterweight to machine is required. **Hydraulic flows and pressures must be checked to verify they match the requirements for the hammer being installed. Note: Caterpillar recommends the use of a suitable shield/guard system to insure operator has adequate protection from flying debris. Note: These matches are for general reference purposes for Cat machines only. When special boom and quick coupler arrangements are used, these matchesmay not apply. Note: When matching hammers to competitive carriers, selection should be made by carrier weight. Refer to the carrier range at the top of the table inorder to determine the correct match.6-6Performance Hammer Carrier Matching Guide Next Gen Hex OnlyHydraulic HammersHammer ModelH110 S H115 S H120 S H130 SMachines (WHEX)M314M315M316M317M318M319M320M322Hammer Model6 H110 S H115 S H120 S H130 S H140 S H160 S H180 S H190 S H215 SMachines (THEX)312 GC 313 GC313315 GC 315316 GC317 GC317320 GX320 GC320323 GX323 GC323325325 Tunneling326 GC326330 GC330335336 GC336340340 UHD 345 GC349352 352 UHD374395Please refer to Caterpillar Reference Guide GEJQ9332-02. Some model generations may NOT be official configuration. Note 1: Caterpillar recommends the use of a suitable shield/guard system to ensure operator has adequate protection from flying debris. Note 2: These matches are for general reference purposes for Cat machines only. When special boom and quick coupler arrangements are used,these matches may not apply. Note 3: When matching hammers to competitive carriers, selection should be made by career weight. Refer to the carrier range at the top of the tablein order to determine the correct match.6-7Hydraulic HammersPerformance Hammer Productivity Productivity Rates: 8 hour shiftProductivity Rates: 8 hour shiftProduction rates listed are for general estimation purposes only and must not be used to guarantee any production figure to the customer. The actual working results may vary according to the quality and structure of the material to be broken, required degree of material size reduction, installation, condition of the carrier, con ditions at the work site, haulage of the broken material, skills of the operator, etc.Hammer ModelsH110 S H115 S H120 S H130 S H140 S H160 S H180 SNon-Reinforced Concrete99-214 m3 130-280 yd3 115-287 m3 150-375 yd3 153-344 m3 200-450 yd3 210-375 m3 275-490 yd3Reinforced Concrete96-134 m3 125-175 yd3 107-184 m3 140-240 yd3 122-229 m3 160-300 yd3 153-268 m3 200-350 yd3 191-497 m3 250-650 yd3 229-650 m3 300-850 yd3 295-1301 m3 385-1705 yd3Sedimentary Rock84-121 m3 110-250 yd3 126-229 m3 165-300 yd3 153-260 m3 200-340 yd3 191-306 m3 250-400 yd3 229-535 m3 300-700 yd3 268-688 m3 350-900 yd3 337-1345 m3 440-1760 yd3Volcanic Rock42-99 m3 55-130 yd3 57-115 m3 75-150 yd3 84-153 m3 110-200 yd3 103-210 m3 135-210 yd3 115-268 m3 150-350 yd3 153-459 m3 200-600 yd3 210-757 m3 275-990 yd36-8Productivity Primary breaking (m3/8 hr yd3/8 hr)Hydraulic HammersThe figures are for comparison and evaluation purposes only. Results will vary depending on operator, c arrier and job conditions.130010001200 900Limestone Micaschist Dolomite Biotitic Granite Amphibolic GneissGranite Calcareous Sandstone Concreted ShingleGabbro1100AndesiteFeldspathic Sandstone Weathered Basalt6Granitic-GneissAugitic Diorite800Clay SlateBiotitic Gneiss1000Riolite900700Amphibolic Granite Diorite Amphibolic Schist800 600700Fresh Basalt Weathered Diabase Feldspathic Sandstone Piroxenic Quartzite500 600Unweathered DiabaseProductivity400 500400300300 200200100 100H180 SH160 S H140 S H130 S00Bedding thickness 100-200 cm (40-80") or closely spaced vertical fractures6-9Hydraulic HammersProductivity Boulder breakingBoulders per hourH130 S120 10080 60 40 200.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 Boulder size (m3) H160 S120 100806040201 2345 67 8 Boulder size (m3)SOFT ROCKBoulders per hourBoulders per hourH140 S 120 10080 60 40 2012 34 567 Boulder size (m3) H180 S120 10080 6040 201 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Boulder size (m3) HARD ROCKBoulders per hour6-10LIMESTONESLATEDOLOMITEANDESITEGABBRO GRANITEHARD ORES DIABASELifecycle Value Hammer Features GC SHydraulic Hammers Piston Stroke Adjuster -- Manual adjustment located on the side of the hammer power cell will increase piston speed and lower the power of each piston blow. This feature allows the owner/operator to match the speed and power of hammer for a particular application. Less frequency, more power for tougher jobs, increased frequency, less power for lighter jobs. Automatic Shut Off (ASO) -- This feature offers blank firing protection by stopping the piston from cycling internally when there is an absence of material to be broken under the tool. Eliminating blank firing protects the hammer by reducing internal stresses and heat, which lowers overall hammer owning and operating costs. Additionally, ASO will protect rental fleet hammers where operator skill level and expertise may vary. Simplistic Design/Gas Fired Hammer -- The design of the Cat GC hammer line is well proven with our customers. The simplistic design allows shorter rebuild time and lower owning and operating costs. The Gas fired operating cycle, delivers expected industry production and power that customers have come to expect from Cat Hammers. Hammer Auto-Lube Options -- The most critical maintenance requirement for hammers is that it receives Cat Hammer Paste. In addition to manually greasing, customers and dealers have the option of installing either a carrier mounted auto-lube system or a hammer mounted auto-lube system. Slip Fit Lower Tool Bushing -- The lower tool bush-ing is a "slip-fit" design which allows for field replace-ment. The lower tool bushing is critical for piston/toolalignment and ultimately greater uptime with the GChammer. The design reduces overall service time andlowers owning and operating costs.66-11Hydraulic HammersLifecycle Value Hammer Features GC Piston Stroke Adjuster -- Manual adjustment located on the side of the hammer power cell will increase piston speed and lower the power of each piston blow. This feature allows the owner/operator to match the speed and power of hammer for a particular application. Less frequency more power for tougher jobs, increased frequency, less power for lighter jobs. Simplistic Design/Gas Fired Hammer -- The design of the Cat GC hammer line is well proven with our customers. The simplistic design allows shorter rebuild time and lower owning and operating costs. The Gas fired operating cycle, delivers expected industry production and power that customers have come to expect from Cat Hammers. Slip Fit Lower Tool Bushing -- The lower tool bushing is a "slip-fit" design which allows for field replacement. The lower tool bushing is critical for piston/tool alignment and ultimately greater uptime with the GC hammer. The design reduces overall service time and lowers owning and operating costs.6-12Lifecycle Value Hammer Carrier Matching GuideHydraulic HammersM313 M314 M315 M316 M317 M318 M320 M322Machines (WHEX) Hammer ModelH115GC S/H115GC H120GC S/H120GC311 312 313 314 315 316 318 320 323 325 326 329-330 335 336-340Machines (THEX)Hammer Model6H110GC S/H110GCH115GC S/H115GCH120GC S/H120GCH130GC S/H130GCH140GC S/H140GCPlease refer to Caterpillar Reference Guide GEJQ9332-02. Some model generations may NOT be official configuration. NOTE 1: Caterpillar recommends the use of a suitable shield/guard system to ensure operator has adequate protection from flying debris. NOTE 2: These matches are for general reference purposes for Cat machines only. When special boom and quick coupler arrangements are used, thesematches may not apply. NOTE 3: When matching hammers to competitive carriers, selection should be made by career weight. Refer to the carrier range at the top of the tablein order to determine the correct match.6-13Hydraulic HammersLifecycle Value Hammer Productivity Productivity Rates: 8 hour shiftProductivity Rates: 8 hour shiftProduction rates listed are for general estimation purposes only and must not be used to guarantee any production figure to the customer. The actual working results may vary according to the quality and structure of the material to be broken, required degree of material size reduction, installation, condition of the carrier, conditions at the work site, haulage of the broken material, skills of the operator, etc.Hammer ModelsH110GC S H115GC S H120GC S H130GC S H140GC SNon-Reinforced Concrete87-190 m3 115-250 yd3 102-257 m3 132-335 yd3 137-308 m3 177-402 yd3 188-335 m3 245-435 yd3Reinforced Concrete85-119 m3 111-157 yd3 97-164 m3 125-215 yd3 107-205 m3 143-265 yd3 137-238 m3 176-312 yd3 168-445 m3 222-589 yd3Sedimentary Rock74-107 m3 97-122 yd3 111-205 m3 148-265 yd3 136-231 m3 157-305 yd3 173-279 m3 222-357 yd3 201-482 m3 267-625 yd3Volcanic Rock35-87 m347-116 yd350-101 m3 66-132 yd375-135 m3 97-157 yd390-188 m3 121-189 yd3100-238 m3 135-312 yd36-14SelectionHydraulic HammersPrinciples of SelectionKey to the successful sale of a hammer is proper ham mer selection.Background InformationCollection of background information is the first step. The following information will assist in being sure the customer receives the correct hammer and that he has a positive hammer experience. The following issues should be examined...1. If any, what brand and model hammer was previously used and how did the hammer perform?2. What % of time will the hammer be used on the machine?3. Will the hammer be used in primary breaking or seco ndary breaking? (mainly an issue for large hammers)4. What machine will the hammer be used on and what are the hydraulic flow and pressures of this machine?5. What is the type of material to be broken and production required from the hammer? (best to obtain this from the end user but a table is available at the end of this section)Hammer Selection Process1. Using Cat carrier matching guide, identify 2 or 3 possible hammers for your application (for competitive carriers use carrier weight class as reference).2. Compare machine/carrier flow and pressures to those of the hammer candidates to validate compat ibility. Eliminate hammers outside carrier specs.3. If hammer is to be used in primary breaking consider larger of hammer candidates.4. Check productivity guidance tables within this section. Identify hammer most compatible with requirements.5. Determine if the application requires special hammer modifications, i.e. steel mill, underwater, tunneling, etc.Other IssuesOnce the hammer has been chosen, other elements need to be considered to have a successful hammer experience.1. Select the correct hammer tool for the application (see tool application chart in this section).2. Check to be sure the correct hammer bracket and hoses are specified. Be sure correct carrier oil is specified for hammer use (particularly important in high ambient areas).3. Consider supplemental carrier cooling in areas of high ambient temperature. 6Actual operating pressure and back pressure MUST be checked when the hammer is fitted to the carrier (just as important if the hammer goes on a competitive carrier or is installed by the contractor at his shop).Guarding RecommendationHammers used in hazardous applications like demoli tion, quarrying, and scaling, can create a need for spec ial operator guarding due to flying objects. When using a hammer, additional protective devices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top and front guarding), thick polycarbonate winds hields or a combination of these is recommended by Caterpillar. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.6-15Mobile Scrap and Demolition ShearsApplications Guarding RecommendationMobile Scrap and Demolition Shears Features:Cat scrap and demolition shears are designed to make you money. An innovative, robust design with fast cycle times provides the production and reliability you need to be profitable. Cat shears can handle everything from structural steel to mixed scrap. Cat shears are designed to get the job done.Not all attachments are available in all regions. Consult your Cat dealer for specific configurations available in your region.Features:Cut More, Cut Faster Shears are designed as a system solution to cut more tons per day and make you more money. Dual apex jaw increases cut efficiency by 15 percent. Accurately place the jaws in optimum cutting position using the standard 360° rotator on the S3000 Series. Power is consistent through the entire cutting cycle. Increase cutting efficiency with tapered spacer plates which reduce jamming and drag. The cylinder rod is completely protected inside the frame reducing downtime and the risk of damage. The jaw relief area allows material to fall away freely without hindering the next cutting cycle.Long-Lasting Quality Reduce maintenance costs with the new Bolt-on Piercing Tip. Dowels and bushings divert stress, keeping the tip tight and in one piece. Work confidently. Major hydraulic components are built with a 4 to 1 safety factor and can withstand pressure spikes up to 1378 bar (20000 psi). Increase overall durability with the solid plate construction of the upper jaw. The housing is designed with a 60 percent safety factor in yield strength.Easy to Maintain Easily and safely complete maintenance tasks. Shears can be greased at ground level along with the machine stick cylinder pin and boom pin. Reduce downtime with field serviceable swivels. Removing and resealing can be done easily while the shear is mounted to the machine. Service and adjust the pivot group without the need for any special tools. Easily change the tip and flip the blades in thirty minutes with standard tools. Access the cylinder's hoses and speed valve easily from the side of the shear. You are supported. The Cat Dealer Network is your one point of contact for all your service needs.Options to Meet Your Needs Connecting your shear has never been easier. Dual high-pressure ports attach to any compatible machine regardless of the hydraulic layout. Meet your specific needs with straight and rotating configurations and boom and stick mount options.Straight S2000 Series Boom mounted Used in secondary demolition and scrap applications Rotator is eliminated, reducing maintenance costs Larger shears can be used on smaller machinesize classesRotating S3000 Series Boom or Stick mounted Used in scrap, primary, and secondary demolitionapplications Provides optimal cycle times and positioning Boom Mounted Ideal for scrap processing, allows use of a larger shear for increased production. Stick Mounted Ideal for demolition applications, maximizes reach for structural demolition.6-16Matching GuideMobile Scrap and Demolition Shears304 305 307 308 311 312 313 314 315 316 318 320 323 325 326 329-330 336-340 349-352 374 385-390Machines (HEX)ModelS305 S3015 S3025 S3035 S2050 Straight S3050 S2070 Straight S3070 S2090 Straight S3090BBSSBBSSSSSSSBBSSBBBSSS6BBBBBBBBSSBBBSSPrimary MatchB Boom MountS Stick Mount6-17Multi-ProcessorsFeatures Applications Jaw Types Matching GuideMULTI-PROCESSORSCat Multi-Processors accept multiple interchangeable jaws for a wide range of demolition tasks. Faster cycle times get your jobs done quicker. Greater power means taking on bigger jobs. Quick jaw change gives you the right tool for the task at hand without slowing you down. All built on a durable, easy-to-maintain platform.Features:Cycle Times are 50 Percent Faster New speed booster technology dynamically shifts hydraulic force from speed to boost mode automatically as you operate. You'll spend less time waiting for the jaw to open or close to contact, as the speed valve automatically adjusts to fast flow when there's no load. Maximum crushing/cutting force is applied as soon as the jaw contacts material.Up to 19 Percent More Force Process more per hour, ship more per shift, make more every day. Speed booster magnifies hydraulic force when the jaw contacts material, quickly making the cut. Mount more power even on smaller excavators. Compact design keeps center of gravity as close as possible to the machine. Get maximum performance and total support with a complete Cat demolition solution. Programs for the MP are built into the Next Gen Cat operator display. Single point of support for your entire system by your local Cat dealer.Change Jaws in 15 minutes Innovative jaw locking enables a single operator to easily change jaws in 15 minutes or less. Requires only standard hand tools. Simple and safe jaw changes are part of the design. Every jaw sits stably, even on the roughest work site, on the included jaw stand. Multi-Processors use these jaw types Concrete Cutter outer jaw cracks concrete; inner shear jaw cuts steel Demolition opens wide to crack the largest concrete structures Pulverizer crushes concrete, separating the rebar Secondary Pulverizer crushes concrete into finer particles; total rebar separation Shear cuts structural steel, pipe, and cable Tank Shear cuts at right angle on three sides,cleanly cutting tanks or plate steel Universal innovative design cuts steel and crushesconcrete Durable and Maintainable Protect your investment and maintain performance, quickly and economically. Jaws are protected with easily changed, individually replaceable wear parts. Get more production time per cutter before replacement. Most cutting blades can be flipped in two ways to use four different cutting edges. Even when deep into debris, the cylinder rod is armored to prevent damage and the main cylinder body is protected inside the housing.Multi-Processors Matching Guide:Cat MP Model MachineInterfaceMP318318F, 320F, 323F, Pin-On, CW/CPG325F, 320, 323 NGH, quick Coupler and340F UHDFlat top solutionMP324326F, 329F, 330F, 335F, 336F SB, 340F UHDPin-On, CW/CPG quick Coupler and Flat top solutionMP332336F, 336F SB, 340F Pin-On, CW/CPG quick Coupler and Flat top solution340F UHDPin-On with CC or S-jaw onlyMP345349F, 352FPin-On, CW/CPG quick Coupler and Flat top solutionMP365374F, 390FPin-On, CW/CPG quick Coupler and Flat top solutionThese matches are for general reference purpose for Cat machines only.Please always check the stability of the machine-tool configuration.The stability depends on application, tool used and your machine config uration. For questions please contact your Cat dealer.When choosing between various multi-processor models that can be installed onto the same machine configuration, consider work tool application, pro ductivity requirements, and durability.6-18Guarding Recommendation Multi-ProcessorsGuarding Recommendation Multi-Processors used in hazardous applications likedemolition, and scrap and material handling can create a need for special operator guarding due to flying or falling objects. When using a Multi-Processor, additional protective devices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top and front guard ing), thick polycarbonate windshields or a combination of these is recommended by Caterpillar. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.66-19Contractor's GrapplesFeatures Applications Guarding RecommendationCONTRACTOR'S GRAPPLESCat Contractors' Grapples are a proven product built for your high-volume material handling needs. Designed for long-lasting durability, Contractors' Grapples are made to help you in the toughest of applications.Not all attachments are available in all regions. Consult your Cat dealer for specific attachments available in your region.Features:Strong and Durable Wide surface area for demolition and material handling applications with a rigid, box-type design. Penetrate, securely grasp, and retain materials better with two-over-three interlocking tines. Keep an eye on your work with long, wide-spaced tines for better visibility. Tips, wrapper, and wear strips are made of AR400 steel for longlasting durability in the harshest applications.Increase Productivity Debris loads and unloads seamlessly without catching due to the tips mounted flush with the wrapper. Optimize material flow and penetration into piles with less curvature in the lower jaw. Maintain high-volume production when using the grapple pinned to the machine or with a Pin Grabber Coupler. Purpose-designed to match their respective machine sizes for maximum performance in break out and lift capacity. Share your grapple across similar-sized excavators for maximum utilization with the use of replaceable pins to match different linkages. Capacities calculated according to SAE J2754, an industry-leading standard for fabricated grapples. Optimal for applications such as: structural demolition, material handling and sorting, and loading and unloading rock, scrap, pipe, waste material, and other debris.Easy to Maintain No need for added hydraulics or hoses. Contractors'Grapples utilize the bucket linkages for operation. Long-lasting, field-serviceable tips have extended service life without extra weight. Jaws stay connected when the grapple pin is removed with the advanced modular pin hub system. Field-install an extreme duty wear package for extra protection on your grapple.6-20Contractor's Grapple Matching Guide Small Excavators Medium ExcavatorsContractor's GrapplesGrapple Model LinkageSmall Excavators311D/F 312D/E 312D2/D2 GC 313D2/D2 GC 312F GC/313F GC 312F/313F 313/313 GC 314D/E/F 315F 315/315 GC 315D/316E/F 318E/F 318D2 319DMedium Excavators320D/E/F 320D2/D3 320 GC 320 321D 323D/D3 323E/F 323 324D/E 325D/F 325 326D2/F 326 328D 329D/E/F 330D 330D2 330F 330 GC 330 335FG113 312G117 315G120 BG126 BG120 CBG126 CBG136 CBG136 DBG149 G174 TB VB/VB2········6········································································ MatchNo Match6-21Contractor's GrapplesContractor's Grapple Matching Guide Large Excavators Wheeled ExcavatorsGrapple Model LinkageLarge Excavators336D/D2/E336D2 GC336D2 XE336E H336F336F XE336 GC336340D2340F340 345 GC 345D/349D 349D2 349E/F 349 352F 352 374F 374Wheeled ExcavatorsM313D M314F M315D M315D2 M315F M316D M316F M317D2 M317F M318D M318F M320D2 M320F M322D M322D2 M322F· MatchNo MatchG113 312G117 315· · · · · · · · · ·G120 B· · · · · ·G126 B· · · · · ·G120 CBG126 CBG136 CBG136 DB· · · · · · · · · · ·G149 G174 TB VB/VB2· · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· ·6-22Contractor's Grapple Matching Guide Material HandlersContractor's GrapplesGrapple Model LinkageMaterial HandlersMH3022 MH3024 MH3026G113 312G117 315G120 B· · ·MH3040 When equipped with appropriate stick and bucket linkage· MatchNo MatchG126 B· · ·G120 CB·G126 CB·G136 CB·G136 DBG149 G174 TB VB/VB266-23Demolition and Sorting GrapplesFeaturesCat Demolition and Sorting Grapples are designed for fast, productive material handling. Capable of high-volume, production loading and precise sorting, they enhance the productivity and efficiency of your operation. The grapples can handle anything from primary and secondary demolition to recycling to get the job done.Not all attachments are available in all regions. Consult your Cat dealer for specific configurations available in your region.Features:Precise Control Move production-sized loads with wide shell opening for material handling. Synchronized shells and total load control every move with the cross-mounted cylinder. Maintain grip on large loads or pick, sort, and place small materials with overbite stops for edge-to-edge jaw contact and prevent overbite. Screen dirt and other fine materials out through skeleton and perforated shells, which also give operator good visibility to the load. Material sorting is quick, making it easier to sort on-site and saving on tipping fees. Shell movement is smooth and controlled with cylinder damping. Integrated stop locks the rotator and keeps the shells from drifting open during transport.Powerful Performance High clamping force and fast cycle times are the result of a single, large-bore cylinder design. Standard Load Holding Valve: Maintains pressure on cylinder and load without operator constantly engaging close function, improving operator comfort and ergonomics. Keeps material secure in case of hydraulic pressure loss or hose damage for added safety. When active, oil flow to the grapple is blocked, which reduces fuel consumption. Work close to container edges and walls. Grapple shell profile has zero clearance from cutting edge against vertical walls and edges, providing access to corners in trucks, trailers, containers, bins, and 90 degree angles. Easy access to internal parts through large maintenance panels. Get the most out of your grapple with a high torque motor and longer service intervals.Durable and Tough Reinforced shells made of high-strength steel are designed for the most demanding conditions and applications, such as: primary and secondary demolition, recycling, waste transfer stations, tree removal, building retaining walls, and more. Material fills and flows smoothly and efficiently due to countersunk bolts in the cutting edge and smooth inner profile of the shell. Grapple has ample rotation power to handle twisting and pulling material apart with the motor located on the outer ring. Increased reliability in the hydraulic system with swivel and open/close functions run independently of rotation. Rotate and align the grapple to pick up and grab material from any angle without moving the machine, saving wear and tear on your undercarriage. Operator stays safe in the cab while having the ability to strip down entire structures with the grapple.6-24FeaturesDemolition and Sorting GrapplesReliable and Easy to Maintain Protected rotation with high torque motor for a long service life. Bearings and dust seals are inside and protected from damage and debris. Internal dust seals provide less axial play, additionally machined surface, optimal protection against damage, and less grease consumption. Minimize downtime with the easy-to-replace, abrasion-resistant cutting edge for your grapple. Ground level access to all grease points and removable panels make grapple maintenance simple.Options to Meet Your Needs Meet your specific needs with rotating and static grapples and different shell options. G300 and G300 GC Grapples Rotating Rotate G300 Series grapples 360 degrees in either direction, with no limit due to the slewing ring and motor, for precise positioning. Standard models: Optimal for severe applications and frequent use. GC models: Optimal for lighter applications and occasional use. G200 GC Grapples Static Non-rotating grapple intended use with Tiltrotator. Optimal for light applications and occasional use. Shell Types: Skeleton shell Suited for primary and secondary demolition and other harsh applications. Closed shell Best when used in high-volume processing and sorting applications for large, bulky materials. Perforated shell Largest capacity and best when used in high-volume processing and sorting applications for light material densities. Grapples with waste handling nomenclature can handle 33-150% more material than the standard models of the same size. Fixed upper head models: Some models include the CW dedicated coupler hinge plate fixed to the upper head. This creates more stability with the machine due to a lower overall build-up height and less weight.66-25Demolition and Sorting GrapplesMatching GuideCat Demolition and Sorting Grapple ModelG212 GC G213 GC G217 GC G312 GC G313 GC G314 G317 GCG318G318 WHG324 G324 WH G332 G345Excavator Model312F, 313F, 313 GC, 313, 314F, 315F CR, 315, 316F, 318F, M314F, M314, M315F, M316F, M316, M317F, M318F, M318313, 316F, 318F, M314F, M314, M315F, M316F, M316, M317F, M318F, M318320F, 320 GC, 320, 323F, 323, 325F CR, 325, M320F, M320, M322F311F, 312D2, 312E, 312F, 313D2, 313F GC, 313F, 313 GC, 313, 314E CR, 314F, 315F CR, 315, 316F, M314F, M314, M315D2, M315F, M315312D2, 312E, 312F, 313D2, 313F GC, 313F, 313 GC, 313, 314E CR, 314F, 315F CR, 315, 316E, 316F, M314F, M314, M315D2, M315F, M315, M316F, M316, M317D2, M317F, M318F, M318311F, 312D2, 312E, 312F, 313D2 GC, 313D2, 313F GC, 313F, 313 GC, 313, 314E CR316E, 316F, 318D2, 318E, 318F, 320D2 GC, 320D2, 320E, 320E RR, 320F, 320 GC, 320, 323D2, 323E, 323F, 323, 325F CR, 325, M316F, M316, M317D2, M317F, M318F, M318, M320D2, M320F, M320, M322D2, M322F, M322D2 MH, M324D2 MH, MH3022, MH3024, MH3026316E, 316F, 318D2, 318E, 318F, 320D2 GC, 320D2, 320E, 320E RR, 320F, 320 GC, 320, 323D2, 323E, 323F, 323, 325F CR, 325, M316F, M317D2, M318F, M320D2, M320F, M320, M322D2, M322F, M322D2 MH, M324D2 MH, MH3022, MH3024, MH3026316F, 318D2, 318E, 318F, 320D2 GC, 320D2, 320E, 320E RR, 320F, 320 GC, 320, 323D2, 323E, 323F, 323, 325F CR, M316F, M318F, M318, M320D2, M320F, M320, M322D2, M322F, M322D2 MH, M324D2 MH, MH3022, MH3024, MH3026323D2, 323E, 323F, 323, 324E, 325, 326D2, 326F, 326, 329D2, 329E, 329F, 330D2, 330F, 330 GC, 330, 335F CR, 340 UHD, 352 UHD323D2, 323F, 323, 324E, 325, 326D2, 326F, 326, 329E, 330D2, 330F, 330 GC324E, 326D2, 326F, 329D2, 329E, 330D2, 330F, 330 GC, 330, 335F CR, 336D2 GC, 336D2, 336D2 XE, 336E, 336E H, 336F, 336F XE, 336 GC, 336, 340F, 340F UHD, 340, 340 UHD329D2, 329E, 330D2, 330 GC, 330, 336D2 GC, 336D2, 336D2 XE, 336E, 336E H, 336F, 336F XE, 336 GC, 336, 340D2, 340F, 340F UHD, 340, 340 UHD, 345 GC, 349D2, 349E, 349F, 349F XE, 349, 352F, 352F XE, 352, 352 UHD6-26Features GSH Orange Peel GrapplesOrange Peel GrapplesCat GSH Orange Peel Grapples expand your capabilities. With faster cycle times and increased capacities, GSH Grapples allow you to move more while spending less. A more efficient product design increases the grapple's overall productivity and reduces maintenance costs.Not all attachments are available in all regions. Consult your Cat dealer for specific configurations available in your region.Features:High Performance, Less Fuel Burn Move more tons per hour with faster cycle times. Increase hydraulic flow capacity up to 160 percent with a new rotation system. Improve your overall fill factor up to 140-200 percent because of refined tine curvature. Cat Machines are pre-programmed with optimum performance settings for your grapple to maximize the pairing and efficiency of the machine and grapple. Reach new heights and increase your swing control. The compact height of GSH grapples extends your capabilities and is ideal for indoor applications.Long-lasting, Quality Grapple life is prolonged because of lighter, force distributing cast pieces in place of welds. Prevent cylinders from overextending, and avert unnecessary wear on hinge points and tine tips with heavy duty, abrasion resistant upper and lower stops on the grapple's housing. Strength you can count on. Solid construction inner tines and tips are built of high grade steel, resisting abrasion and metal-on-metal wear. Hinge points are cast eliminating weak points on the frame. Increase wear life with easy to replace, cast tine tips.Easy to Maintain Spend more time working with decreased maintenance time. Usage before first service interval is increased up to 250 percent and ground level grease points are safer and easier to use. Integral hydraulic components have been rerouted and are protected inside the tine, decreasing tension on hoses and eliminating interference with materials. Easy, inside-the-tine access to the hydraulics throughremovable panels. Panels also include dust seals toprotect the critical parts inside the tines.6 Maintain a safe working environment by using the Mounting Bracket Aid which allows the bracket to stay in an upright position while installing the grapple to the machine.Options for Specific Applications Meet your specific application needs with 4 or 5-tine models and optional semi-open or closed tine styles. Four tines square footprint, clean corners in rail cars and trailers. Safe grab closure for bulky goods such as car bodies. Five tines optimal retention of smaller materials. Semi-open tines work best for applications where larger steel scrap or car bodies are being moved. Closed tines are optimal in instances where smaller, shredded materials are the primary use. GSH420 and GSH520 models now come with a standard lift eye on the bottom side of the housing where a magnet can be mounted. Other GSH models have the option of including a lift eye when ordering the grapple.6-27Orange Peel GrapplesFeatures GSV Orange Peel GrapplesCat GSV Orange Peel Grapples more options to fit your needs. With faster cycle times and increased capacities, GSV Grapples allow you to move more while spending less. A more efficient product design increases the grapple's overall productivity and reduces maintenance costs. The addition of a GC model provides an economical option while delivering the same Cat quality you expect.Not all attachments are available in all regions. Consult your Cat dealer for specific configurations available in your region.Features: Continuous, bi-directional 360° hydraulic rotation. Heavy-duty, fully protected cylinders. Tines constructed of high-strength wear-resistant steel.High Performance, Less Fuel Burn Move more tons per hour with faster cycle times. Increase hydraulic flow capacity up to 160 percent with a new rotation system. Improve your overall fill factor up to 140-200 percent because of refined tine curvature. Cat Machines are pre-programmed with optimum performance settings for your grapple to maximize the pairing and efficiency of the machine and grapple.Long-lasting, Quality Grapple life is prolonged because of lighter, force distributing cast pieces in place of welds. Prevent cylinders from overextending, and avert unnecessary wear on hinge points and tine tips with heavy duty, abrasion resistant upper and lower stops on the grapple's housing. Strength you can count on. Solid construction inner tines and tips are built of high grade steel, resisting abrasion and metal-on-metal wear. Hinge points are cast eliminating weak points on the frame. Increase wear life with easy to replace, cast tine tips.Easy to Maintain Spend more time working with decreased maintenance time. Usage before first service interval is increased up to 250 percent and ground level grease points are safer and easier to use. Integral hydraulic components have been rerouted, decreasing tension on hoses and eliminating interference with materials. Easy access to the hydraulics makes maintenance quicker, so more time can be spent moving materials. An optional cylinder guard is available to protect hydraulic hoses from materials. Maintain a safe working environment by using the Mounting Bracket Aid which allows the bracket to stay in an upright position while installing the grapple to the machine.Options for Specific Applications Meet your specific needs with semi-open or closed tine style options. Semi-open tines work best for applications where larger steel scrap or pipes and beams are being moved. Closed tines are optimal for smaller, shredded materials. GC Grapples are lighter, which make them the ideal choice for recycling applications. Standard Grapples have been optimized for large and shredded scrap materials.6-28Matching Guide Guarding RecommendationOrange Peel GrapplesCat OPG ModelExcavator ModelGSH420320 GC, 323, 325, M313, M314, M318GSH425320 GC, 323, 325, 326, 330 GC, 330, MH3040GSH440326, 330 GC, 330, 336 GC, 336, 340, 340 UHD, MH3040GSH455336 GC, 336, 340, 340 UHD, 345 GC, 349, 352, 352 UHDGSH520320 GC, 323, 325, M313, M314, M318GSH525323, 325, 326, 330 GC, 330, MH3040GSH555336 GC, 336, 340, 340 UHD, 345 GC, 349, 352, 352 UHDGSM-50336 GC, 336, 340, 340 UHD, 345 GC, 349, 352, 352 UHDGSM-60345 GC, 349, 352, 352 UHD, 374D, 374FGSV520 GC313F, 320 GC, M313, M314, M3186GSV520320 GC, 323, 325, M313, M314, M318GSV525320 GC, 323, 325, 326, 330 GC, 330Guarding RecommendationOrange Peel Grapples used in hazardous applications like scrap and material handling can create a need for special operator guarding due to flying objects. When using an Orange Peel Grapple, additional protectivedevices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top and front guarding), thick polycarbonate windshields or a combination of these is recommended by Caterpillar. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.6-29Orange Peel Grapples Selection GuideSelection by ApplicationHandling Scrap, Iron and SteelHandling Nonferrous Scrap MetalsOther Nonferrous MaterialsGrapple Application Small-sized pieces (shredded) Large-sized pieces up to 1000 1000 mm (39" 39") (steel scrap, wrought iron, white goods, motor blocks) Heavy/long-sized pieces (I-beams, pipes, plates) Car bodies Small-sized pieces (beverage cans, electric devices) Large-sized pieces (car radiators, batteries) Wires and cables (copper, lead) Waste Rocks, concrete blocksVery goodGoodx Not RecommendedO Open4 Tines5 TinesOS CNOS CNxxxxxxxxS Semi-closedxC ClosedxN Narrow6-30Features Guarding RecommendationMatching GuideMulti-Functional Concrete CrushersFeatures: Multi-functional operation, the crusher combines sev eral demolition operations in one piece of equipm ent. Breaking out concrete from fixed structures, pulveriz ing concrete and cutting reinforcement rods and small steel profiles. High force-to-weight ratio, the crusher's special cylin der position allows it to maintain the same power with significantly lower weight. Enhanced performance, the standard speed valve enables cutting/crushing with great force and in even shorter cycle times. Optimized serviceability, the teeth and blades are replace able and the hydraulics is easy accessible through bolted hatches.Guarding RecommendationMulti-Functional Concrete Crushers used in hazard ous applications like breaking out concrete from fixed structures, pulverizing concrete and cutting, can create a need for special operator guarding due to flying objects. When using a Multi-Functional Concrete Crusher, addi tional protective devices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top and front guarding), thick polycarbonate windshields or a combi nation of these is recommended by Caterpillar. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.Matching GuideMulti-Functional Concrete CrushersModelCat ExcavatorP315315C/D, 318C, 319C/D, 320B/C/D, 322B/C, 323D, 324D, 325B/C, 325UHD C/D, 330UHD B/C/D, 345UHD B/C, 385UHD B/CP325320D, 322B/C, 324D, 325B/C/D, 329D, 330B/C/D, 336D, 325UHD C/D, 330UHD B/C/D, 345UHD C, 365UHD B/C, 385UHD B/CP335325B/C/D, 329D, 330B/C/D, 336D, 345B/C, 365UHD BII/C, 385 UHD B/CP360345B/C, 365B/C, 385B/C66-31Secondary PulverizersFeatures Guarding Recommendation Matching GuideFeatures: Ideal for pulverizing from non fixed structures -- The Secondary Pulverizer is an excellent choice for all those recyclers who need to prepare concrete for fine crushing and is an excellent attachment for second ary demolition. Concrete chunks released during the demolition of concrete structures can be fine-crushed at source. In this process the concrete and the reinforce ment are separated. This considerably reduces the transp ort volu me, saving dumping and transporta tion expenses. Innovative jaw arrangement -- The Cat Secondary Pulverizer offers wide jaws with pick-up tips, large opening, reversible cutting edges and fast closing times that bring a high return on your investment. This high force-to-weight work tool has been specially developed to reduce the largest possible amount of concrete in the shortest possible time. Enhanced performance -- The ripper tooth splits con crete instantly and the large number of teeth have a large pulverizing effect. The cylinder of the pulverizer is equipped with a speed valve as standard. This device controls the speed of the cylinder and enables to cut/crush with great force in short cycle times. Optimized serviceability -- Service and repairs are a necessary part of operating any work tool. So the less time and money needed for both, the better. That's why Caterpillar gives major attention to reducing both. The teeth and blades are replaceable and the hydraulics are easily accessible through bolted hatches. Parts commonality is designed into Cat products to significantly benefit owners of several work tools. Long lifetime -- Cat Work Tools are designed to last long. Precision machined and forged parts, wear pro tection and stress relieving plates as well as fully pro tected hydraulic cylinder provide a long lifetime of low cost production.Guarding RecommendationHydraulic Concrete Pulverizers are used in hazard ous applications like breaking out concrete from fixed structures, pulverizing concrete and cutting; creating a need for special operator guarding due to flying objects. When using these tools, additional protective devices such as a front screen, Falling Object Guarding System (FOGS, includes top and front guarding), thick polycar bonate windshields or a combination of these is recom mended by Caterpillar. Contact your Cat dealer for operator guarding options on your machine.Matching GuideHydraulic Concrete PulverizersModelCat ExcavatorP215315C/D, 318C, 319C/D, 320B/C/D, 322B/C, 323D, 324D, 325B/C/DP225320D, 322B/C, 324D, 325B/C/D, 329D, 330B/C/D, 336DP235325B/C/D, 329D, 330B/C/D, 336D, 345B/C6-32MATERIAL HANDLERSCONTENTSIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1 Our Approach and Philosophy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-2 Broad Portfolio ofNext Generation Material Handlers . . . . . . . . . . 7-3 System Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-3 Ferrous Scrap Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-4(Scrap specifications and classifications can be found in the Institute of Scrap Iron and Steel Inc.'s "Handbook." The common unit measure for the scrap industry is the gross ton which is 2240 pounds. However, short tons, net tons and metric tons may also be used.)The versatility of Cat® material handlers, plus their ability to be equipped in any number of ways, make them an effective, low cost way to handle scrap and other materials.7 NOTE: Contact your Cat dealer for additional informationon equipping Cat Material Handlers for scrap or bulk material handling applications.7-1Material Handlers Our Approach and PhilosophyDesign Features Focused on delivering superior performance Sharing 100% validated Caterpillar proven components Driving lower owning and operating cost Delivering highest levels of operator comfort Ensuring jobsite safety operator, technician, ground level personnelCustomer Value Message Reliability from proven components Serviceability grouped service points, parts commonality, easy access Different modes (SMART, ECO, POWER) matched to the application Stability and ground clearance matched to underfoot conditions One stop shop machine, attachment, generator7-2Broad Portfolio of Next Generation Material Handlers System SolutionsMaterial Handlers7System SolutionsMH3022MH3024 Recycling & WasteMH3026G318 and G318 WH GSH420, GSH520MH3040MH3250MH3260Scrap, Forestry Ports, HarbourG324 and G324 WHGSH425, GSH525GSH440GSH445, GSH5557-3Material Handlers Ferrous Scrap SpecificationsINSTITUTE OF SCRAP RECYCLING INDUSTRIES INC.Scrap Specifications Guidelines for Ferrous ScrapISRI Code Definition 200 No. 1 heavy melting steel. Wrought ironand/or steel scrap 6.35 mm (1/4 in) and over in thickness. Individual pieces not over 1524 610 mm (60 24 in) (charging box size) prepared in a manner to insure compact charging. 203 No. 2 heavy melting steel. Wrought iron and steel scrap, black and galvanized, 3.18 mm (1/8 in) and over in thickness, charging box size to include material not suitable as No. 1 heavy melting steel. Prepared in a manner to insure compact charging. 207 No. 1 busheling. Clean steel scrap, not exceeding 305 mm (12 in) in any dimensions, including new factory busheling (for exam ple, sheet clippings, stampings, etc.). May not include old auto body and fender stock. Free of metal coated, limed, viteous enameled, and electrical sheet containing over 0.5 percent silicon. 208 No. 1 bundles. New black steel sheet scrap, clippings or skeleton scrap, compressed or hand bundled, to charging box size, and weighing not less than 34 kg (75 lb) per cubic foot. (Hand bundles are tightly secured for handling with a magnet.) May include Stanley balls or mandrel wound bundles or skeleton reels, tightly secured. May inc lude chemically detinned material. May not include old auto body or fender stock. Free of metal coated, limed, viteous enameled, and electrical sheet containing over 0.5 percent silicon.209 No. 2 bundles. Old black and galvanized steel sheet scrap, hydraulically compressed to charging box size and weighing not less than 34 kg (75 lb) per cubic foot. May not include tin or lead-coated material of vitre ous enameled material.210 Shredded Scrap. hom*ogeneous iron and steel scrap magnetically separated, originating from automobiles, unprepared No. 1 and No. 2 steel, miscellaneous baling and sheet scrap. Average density 23 kg (50 lb) per cubic foot.211 Shredded Scrap. hom*ogeneous iron and steel scrap magnetically separated, originating from automobiles, unprepared No. 1 and No. 2 steel, miscellaneous baling and sheet scrap. Average density 34 kg (70 lb) per cubic foot.219 Machine shop turnings. Clean steel or wrought iron turnings, free of iron borings, nonferrous metals in a free state, scale, or excessive oil. May not include badly rusted or corroded stock.231 Plate and structural steel, 1.5 m (5 ft) and under. Cut structural and plate scrap, 1.5 m (5 ft) and under. Clean open hearth steel plates, structural shapes, crop ends, shearings, or broken steel tires. Dimensions not less than 6.35 mm (1/4 in) thickness, not over 1.5 m (5 ft) in length and 457 mm (18 in) in width. Phosphorous or sulphur not over 0.05 percent.234 Punchings and plate scrap. Punchings or stampings, plate scrap, and bar crops con taining not over 0.05 percent phosphorous or sulphur and not over 0.5 percent silicon, free from alloys. All materials cut 305 mm(12 in) and under, and with the exception of punch ings or stampings, at least 3.18 mm (1/8 in) in thickness. Punchings or stampings under 152 mm (6 in) in diameter may be any gauge.7-4MINING & OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCKSCONTENTS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2 Truck Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-4 Use of Brake Performance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5 Fixed Times for Hauling Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5 Calculating Powertrain Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-688-1Mining & Off-Highway Trucks FeaturesFeatures: Cat® Four-Stroke Diesel Engines -- Turbocharged, after-cooled, adjustment-free fuel system (direct injection). Electronically-Controlled Automatic Transmission -- Speed sensing device automatically shifts transmission between 1st and gear selected by operator. Truck Production Management System (TPMS) -- Utilizes strut pressure sensors and an on-board microprocessor to determine payload weight, cycle segment times, delay times, actual clock time and date of each cycle. Basic Health or Advanced Health (Formerly VIMS) -- Monitors all vital machine functions. Keeps operator informed of current machine operating conditions, helps reduce downtime and allows service personnel easy access to data for fast accurate diagn osis. Basic Health or Advanced Health (Formerly VIMS) includes the Truck Production Management System. Mechanical Electronic Unit Injection (MEUITM) in the 770 through 793D -- Electronically maintains fuel settings, provides automatic altitude and air filter restriction compensation, and features automatic variable timing, improved diagnostics and increased fuel efficiency. Common Rail Fuel System -- in the C175 engines are used on (793F, 794 AC, 795F AC, and 797F) trucks. Oil Cooled Disc Brakes -- Provide retarding, service, parking, and secondary braking in a single sealed, fade-resistant, maintenance-free unit. Standard on the 770 through 775G and 777E, front brakes are caliper disc and can be switched out of the service system when not needed but activate as part of the secondary system. Standard on the 777G through 797F, front brakes are oil-cooled disc, providing excellent control in slippery conditions. Automatic Retarder Control (ARC) -- Electronically controls braking on grade to maintain optimal engine RPM and oil cooling. ARC benefits include engine overspeed protection, ease of operation, faster downhill speeds, smoother ride and better control in slippery conditions. Traction Control System (TCS) -- Electronically moni tors and controls rear wheel slippage for greater traction and enhanced truck performance in poor underfoot conditions. If slippage exceeds a set limit, the oil-cooled disc brakes engage to slow the spinning wheel. Torque is then automatically transferred to the wheel with better traction. Available on the 770 through 797F. Full Hydraulic Steering -- Functions with front suspension cylinders serving as kingpins. Suspension Cylinders -- Four independent, self-contained, nitrogen/oil-pneumatic suspension cylinders absorb loading and road shocks. Wide spacing for stability. Truck Bodies -- A variety of truck bodies are available to meet your application specific requirem ents. Those options include MSDII (mine specific design), X, HE, HP, dual slope and gateless coal bodies. The Caterpillar body program ensures the truck is configured for an optimal haulage solution. Integral Roll Over Protective Structure (ROPS) -- Integral Four-Post ROPS cab standard on all models. Resiliently mounted to the main frame to reduce vibration and sound, the integral ROPS structure is designed as an extension of the truck frame. The ROPS/FOPS structure provides "five sided protection" for the operator and trainer. Separate Hydraulic Systems -- Prevent cross contamination. Safety -- Caterpillar continues to be proactive in developing construction and mining trucks that meet or exceed industry standards. Safety is an integral part of the machine design.An example of enhanced safety through the develop ment of products, processes and solutions includes Cat Integrated Object Detection System which is an integrated camera and radar technology. More information on Object Detection is available in the technology section.NOTE: Not all features are available on all models at this time.8-2Features Mining & Off-Highway TrucksSustainability:A variety of features improve sustainability in areas of decreasing waste, extending component life and lowering emissions levels. The 777G, 785D and 797F trucks offer Oil Renewal systems. The 777G, 785D, 793F, 797F trucks offer Continuous Rear Axle Filtration, Extended Life Filters and Extended maintenance intervals which aid in decreasing the amount of waste contributed to our environment. Engines with advanced technology contribute lessemissions to the environment while maintaining fuel efficiency. Advanced Surface Technology (AST) is a replacem ent for hard chrome coatings on some steel parts, including Suspension and hoist Cylinder Rods. Other features on 793F, 797F Mining trucks include rear axle oil savers, front wheel sight glass, two piece cover on the final drive, ecology drains and brake wear indicators all of which help to maximize component life.NOTE: Not all features are available on all models at this time.Non-Dumper Offerings: For certain applications the Caterpillar OEM SolutionGroup offers non-dumper arrangements for the 770G, 772G, 773G, 775G, 777G and 785D.Non-dumper arrangements include a water truck and tractor configuration. For updates on additional offerings please contact Caterpillar OEM Solutions Group.NOTE: Listed features may be standard on some models. Optional on others. Contact your Cat dealer for specific information.88-3Large Mining Trucks SpecificationsRated Gross Machine WeightBase Machine Weight Attachment WeightBody Weight Liner Weight Nominal EmptyMachine Weight Nominal Rated PayloadTRUCK WEIGHT DEFINITIONS Designated GMW for the machine Optimum productivity and cost per ton Used for performance curves and calculations This is the basic chassis weight which includes shipping fluids, but no attachments or options. This is the selection of attachments, mandatory and optional, chosen for a particular truck configuration. Weight of body specified in Body Type. Body Type and weight will change based on application. Liner Weight for Body Type specified. Liner Weights will change based on application. Base Machine Weight plus full Fuel, Tires, Rims, Attachment Weight, Operator Weight, Body Weight, and Liner Weight.Rated Gross Machine Weight minus Nominal Empty Machine Weight.Nominal Empty Machine WeightNominal Rated Payload Rated Gross Machine Weight Base Machine Weight Nominal EmptyMachine Weight Nominal Rated PayloadTRUCK WEIGHT RELATIONSNominal Empty Machine Weight = Base Machine Weight + Operator Weight + Attachment Weight + Body Weight + Liner Weight. Nominal Rated Payload = Rated Gross Machine Weight Nominal Empty Machine Weight. RGMW BMWNEMWNRP8-4Brake Performance Curves Fixed Times for Hauling UnitsMining & Off-Highway TrucksUSE OF BRAKE PERFORMANCE CURVESThe speed that can be maintained when the machine is descending a grade with retarder applied can be determined from the retarder curves in this section when gross machine weight and total effective grade are known.Select appropriate grade distance chart that covers total downhill haul; don't break haul into individual segments.To determine brake performance: Read from gross weight down to the percent effective grade. (Effective grade equals actual % grade minus 1% for each 10 kg/ metric ton (20 lb/U.S. ton) of rolling resistance.) From this weight-effective grade point, read horizontally to the curve with the highest obtainable speed range, then down to maximum descent speed brakes can safely handle without exceeding cooling capacity. When braking, engine RPM should be maintained at the highest possible level without overspeeding. If cooling oil overheats, reduce ground speed to allow transmission to shift to next lower speed range.Brake Performance Curves are made in compliance with ISO 10268 and applicable to Sea Level and 32° C (90° F) temperature. Contact Factory for Application Specific Performance.USE OF RIMPULL-SPEEDGRADEABILITY CURVESFor best results, use Caterpillar Fleet Production and Cost Analysis (FPC) to simulate cycle time, fuel burn, and production for Application Specific Performance inquiries. Contact Factory Representative for more information.(See Wheel Tractor Scraper Section)Total Effective Grade (or Total Resistance) is grade assistance minus rolling resistance.10 kg/metric ton (20 lb/U.S. ton) = 1% adverse grade.Example --With a favorable grade of 20% and rolling resistance of 50 kg/metric ton (100 lb/U.S. ton), find Total Effective Grade.(50 kg/metric ton) = 50 ÷ 10 = 5% Effective Grade (from Rolling Resistance)100 lb/ton = 100 ÷ 20 = 5% Effective Grade 20% (grade) 5% (resistance) = 15% Total Effective GradeTYPICAL FIXED TIMES FOR HAULING UNITSWait time, delays and operator efficiency all impact cycle time. Minimizing truck exchange time can have a significant effect on productivity.Fixed time for hauling units include: 1. Truck load time (various with loading tool) 2. Truck maneuver in load area (Truck exchange)(Typically 0.6-0.8 min.) 3. Maneuver and dump time at dump point (Typic ally1.0-1.2 min.) Total cycle time is the combination of: 1. The above fixed time 2. Hauling time (Loaded) 3. Return time (Empty)Example -- assume load tool spots hauler with full bucket988F5130Bcycle times. . . . . . . . . . . . .0.600.45First pass (dump time) . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.10 min. 0.05 min.82 passes (full cycle) . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.700.503 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .1.300.954 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .1.901.405 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .2.501.856 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .3.102.307 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .3.702.758 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .4.303.209 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .4.903.6510 passes". . . . . . . . . . . . .5.404.10NOTE: Other sizes of loading tools will have different cycle times. See Wheel Loader section for average cycle times for truck loading.8-5Mining & Off-Highway Trucks Calculating Powertrain EfficienciesCALCULATING POWERTRAIN EFFICIENCIESIn selling against competitive OEM models, both mechanical drive and electric drive, powertrain efficiency is an important consideration. To better illustrate the advantages of Caterpillar's proven performance, grade horsepower, powertrain efficiency, and retarding horsepower should be compared to competitive OEM models.Grade horsepower can be calculated by the following formula:Metricgrade HP =_G_M__W___(k__g_) ___T__R____S_p_e_e_d__(k_m__/_h_) 273.75Englishgrade HP =_G__M__W__(_lb__) ___T__R____S_p_e_e_d__(m__p_h_)_ 375where TR (total resistance) = Rolling resistance + Grade resistance(expressed as a decimal)English example700,000 lb GMW, 2% rolling resistance, +8% actual grade at 8.2 mph would require 1530 HP__7_0_0_,_0_0_0____(._0_2_+__._0_8_)___8_._2__ 375=1530HPMetric example317 520 kg GMW, 2% rolling resistance, +8% actual grade at 13.2 km/h would require 1530 HP __3_1_7_5_2_0____(_.0_2__+__.0_8_)____1_3_.2__ = 1530 HP273.75We then calculate powertrain efficiency by dividing grade horsepower by the gross horsepower produced by the engine. Most electric drive trucks run at constant maximum horsepower while under load. Mechanical drive trucks, however, lug the engine and may produce somewhat less than maximum horsepower. Engine power curves must be utilized to determine exact horsepower produced.Example_1_5_3_0_g_r_a_d_e_h__o_rs_e_p_o_w__e_r 1800 gross engine HP100 = 85%powertrain efficiencyLikewise, retarding horsepower being consumed by the retarding system can be calculated by the following formula:Metricretarding HP = _G_M__W___(k__g_) ___T__R____S_p_e_e_d__(k_m__/_h_) 273.75Englishretarding= _G__M__W__(_lb__) ___T__R____S_p_e_e_d__(m__p_h_)_375where TR(total resistance) = Rolling resistance + Grade resistance(expressed as a decimal)English example700,000 lb GMW, 2% rolling resistance, 8% actual grade at 14.7 mph would equate to 1646 HP_7_0_0_,_0_0_0____(._0_2___.0_8_)____1_4_._7__ 375= 1646 HPMetric example317 520 kg GMW, 2% rolling resistance, 8% actual grade at 23.6 km/h would equate to 1646 HP__3_1_7__5_2_0____(._0_2___.0_8_)____2_3_._6__ 273.75= 1646 HPThis formula is intended for use in determining horsepower being consumed in the field based on field measurements. It is not intended to indicate how fast trucks should be operated on grade. Only job conditions, proper operating procedure, and good judgement should determine safe operating speeds during retarder use.8-6CONTENTSApplications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2 Truck to Motor Grader Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-4 Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-5 Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-7 Extreme Slope Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-8MOTOR GRADERS99-1Motor Graders ApplicationsAPPLICATIONS, Motor Graders:The broad line of Cat motor graders allows the cus tomer to choose a motor grader that best fits the intended application. Below is a summary of the typical motor grader applications.Finish GradingThis application involves preparing a roadway or site surface for future paving or other construction activity. The material being moved is usually a hard, dry base material on a solid underfoot. Finish blading is the motor grader application that requires the highest degree of accuracy. Thus, it is primarily done at low operating speeds -- usually less than 5 km/h (3 mph) -- in gears 1 and 2. To ensure a smooth, even finished surface, one gear is usually maintained for a given pass. Pass lengths during this application are usually less than 600 m (2000 feet) for road construction and 150 m (500 feet) for site development. Most finish blading is performed by contractors in the Heavy Construction and Building Construction industries.Heavy BladingThis application involves cutting, moving, and mixing material, usually in the initial stages of surface prepara tion. A variety of material types are moved in this man ner, and the blade tip position varies accordingly. Full blade loads are usually experienced during heavy blading, since moving material is the primary goal. Pass lengths within this application vary, but are usually less than 600 m (2000 feet). Unlike finish blading, the speed of the machine is dependent on the load being moved when heavy blading material. Typical operating speeds are from 0-10 km/h (0 to 6 mph). Therefore, gears 2 through 4 are frequently used in this application. Most heavy blad ing activity is performed by contractors in the Heavy Construction, Governmental, Industrial, and Forestry industries.Site PreparationThis application involves any material cutting, mov ing, and mixing necessary to prepare a residential, commercial, or industrial site for construction. A vari ety of materials are encountered in this application. Blade loads vary depending on the activity being performed. Both heavy blading and finish blading are performed when preparing a site. Pass lengths are typically in the range of 30-300 m (100 to 1000 feet). Typical operating speeds for site preparation vary depending on whether heavy blading or finish blading activities are being performed. Most site preparation activities are performed by contractors in the Building Construction industry.Road MaintenanceThis application involves reshaping dirt or gravel roads to maintain a crown or superelevation, or restor ing the surface itself. This generally involves secondary roads maintained by governmental bodies such as townships and counties. Materials being moved in this application vary from extremely hard dirt bases to moist gravel surfaces. The typical blade load falls between that of finish blading and heavy blading. Pass lengths are frequently longer than 600 m (2000 feet) and can extend for miles. The general speed range for this application is 5-16 km/h (3 to 10 mph), corres pond ing to gears 2 (heavy dirt) through 5 (soft gravel). As with finish blading, accuracy of the graded surface is the primary conc ern in this application. Thus, frequent shifts should be avoided whenever possible. A gear should be chosen and maintained unless there is a sig nificant change in the material being moved. Most road maintenance activities are performed by the Govern mental industry.9-2Applications Motor GradersHaul Road MaintenanceThis application of the motor grader involves reshap ing haul roads at mining, construction, or forestry work sites, usually for the purpose of maintaining smooth travel surfaces for equipment. Materials being moved while maintaining haul roads vary widely. Typical blade loads are about one-third to half of full capacity. Haul roads that experience large hauling units travelling on soft material may require heavy blade loads in order to reshape the road surface. Pass lengths vary depending on the application but can extend for miles on remote forestry or large mine haul roads. The general speed range for haul road maintenance is heavily dependent on the material being moved as well as the grade of the haul road. Many mine sites are in mountainous areas, requiring haul roads with steep grades. Generally, haul road maintenance is performed at speeds similar to those required for general road maintenance 5-16 km/h (3 to 10 mph).A travel surface that allows for the safe and efficient movement of machinery is the ultimate goal with this motor grader application. Very precise roadway eleva tions and slopes are desired but less crucial than when finish blading. Most haul road maintenance activities are performed by the Mining, Heavy Construction, and Forestry industries.Side/Bank Slope WorkThis application involves preparing side slopes or bank slopes along roadways by placing the moldboard on a sloped surface. Slopes of up to a 2:1 angle can be cut using a motor grader. Often the motor grader is oper ated on the level surface adjacent to the slope, and the moldboard is extended outward to the sloped surface. Fine soils are generally encountered in this application of the motor grader. Blade loads are usually less than half of the full blade capacity, and pass lengths are seldom longer than 600 m (2000 feet). A smooth-graded sloped surface is the primary concern in this application so frequent shifts should be avoided. The typical speed range is 0-6 km/h (0 to 4 mph), corresponding to a gear selection of 1 to 3. The nominal speed is heavily depen dent on the type of material being moved and on the slope of the surface. Most side/bank slope work is per formed by the Heavy Construction and Governmental industries.Ditch Building/CleaningThis application involves cutting "V" and flat-bottom ditches for drainage purposes and rebuilding them when9necessary. Due to excessive rain and/or poor material,ditches often need cleaning and reshaping. When building ditches, materials with a wide range of densities areencountered. Blade loads vary accordingly, from halfto full-blade capacity. Pass lengths are usually less than600 m (2000 feet). The primary objective is to movematerial in a manner that yields a ditch with the desiredslope. Ditch building often involves cutting and movingmaterial of high density. Therefore, typical speed rangesvary. Most ditch building work, however, is performedin gears 1 through 3, corresponding to a maximum speedof about 8 km/h (5 mph). Ditch cleaning usually involvesblading moist materials underneath a sod cover. Bladeloads are usually less than half of full blade capacitywhen cleaning ditches, and pass lengths are similar tothose encountered in ditch building. Typical maximumspeeds for this activity are similar to that of ditch building, but less of a blade load is experienced. Ditch buildingand cleaning activities are usually performed by the HeavyConstruction and Governmental industries.9-3Motor GradersApplications Truck to Motor Grader MatchRipping/ScarifyingThis application involves conditioning hard, rough soils before they are bladed. Shanks on the ripper and/ or scarifier are pushed into the ground, thus breaking up otherwise hard surfaces. Hard materials such as asphalt can also be loosened in order to make grading operations less damaging to the moldboard. Rippers and scarifiers can also be used to mix aggregates together. The materials being ripped/ scarified are usually hard and dry. Rippers generally penetrate 150-300 mm (6 to 12 inches) into the ground, while scarifiers typically penetrate to a depth of 25-200 mm (1 to 8 inches). Pass lengths are generally less than 600 m (2000 feet) for both activities. Since the material being ripped/scarified is generally hard, the typical maximum speed for this application is about 6 km/h (4 mph) gears 1-2. If the ripper/scarifier is used for mixing aggregates, the typical operating range becomes 6-20 km/h (4 to 12 mph) gears 3-6. Most ripping/scarifying activities are performed by the Heavy Construction and Governmental industries.Snow RemovalSnow removal is the process of cutting and removing snow or ice from the roadway. In addition to the stan dard motor grader moldboard, other attachments such as a snow wing, V-plow, one-way plow, or reversible plow can be used to remove the snow. The moldboard itself is the most commonly used attachment for snow plowing. It is used in areas where snow depths are low, the terrain is relatively flat, and where excessive drifting does not occur. A snow wing is a moldboard that attaches to the machine's right side. The wing's curvature lifts the snow and "wings" it off the plowed surface. The snow wing is often used in conjunction with the stan dard moldboard, where the moldboard cuts the mate rial and feeds it onto the wing. V-plows are mounted in front of the motor grader and are designed to dig into and lift packed snow. The typical speed range for snow removal is 10-30 km/h (6 to 18 mph), corresponding to a gear range of 3 to 7. Snow plowing often involves lower speeds than snow removal. The typical operating range for snow plowing is 8-19 km/h (5 to 12 mph) gears 2 to 4. The majority of Snow Removal/Plowing operations are performed by the Governmental, Mining, and Forestry industries.TRUCK TO MOTOR GRADER MATCH74077077577712/140/16014161824NOTE:Calculations based on 30 degree blade angle, standard moldboard width. May not be applicable in all applications depending on haul road damage. Rule of thumb 2.5 times the truck width.7857897937979-4Production Motor GradersPRODUCTIONThe motor grader is used in a variety of applications in a variety of industries. Therefore, there are many ways to measure its operating capacity, or production. One method expresses a motor grader's production in relation to the area covered by the moldboard.Formula:A = S (Le Lo) 1000 E (Metric) A = S (Le Lo) 5280 E (English)whereA: Hourly operating area (m2/h or ft2/h)S: Operating speed (km/h or mph)Le: Effective blade length (m or ft) Lo: Width of overlap (m or ft)E: Job efficiencyOperating Speeds: Typical operating speeds by applicationFinish Grading: Heavy Blading: Ditch Repair: Ripping: Road Maintenance: Haul Road Maintenance: Snow Plowing: Snow Winging:0-4 km/h 0-9 km/h 0-5 km/h 0-5 km/h 5-16 km/h 5-16 km/h 7-21 km/h 15-28 km/h(0-2.5 mph) (0-6 mph) (0-3 mph) (0-3 mph) (3-9.5 mph) (3-9.5 mph) (4-13 mph) (9-17 mph)Effective Blade Length:Since the moldboard is usually angled when moving material, an effective blade length must be computed to account for this angle. This is the actual width of mate rial swept by the moldboard.NOTE: Angles are measured as shown below. The effective length becomes shorter as the angle increases.90° Moldboard Angle9-5Motor Graders ProductionMoldboard Length, m (ft)Effective Length, m (ft)30 degree blade angleEffective Length, m (ft)45 degree blade angle3.658 (12)3.17 (10.4)2.59 (8.5)4.267 (14)3.70 (12.1)3.02 (9.9)4.877 (16)4.22 (13.9)3.45 (11.3)7.315 (24)6.33 (20.8)5.17 (17.0)For other blade lengths and carry angles: Effective length = COS [Radians (Blade L)] 3 Blade LengthWidth of Overlap:The width of overlap is generally 0.6 m (2.0 ft). This overlap accounts for the need to keep the tires out of the windrow on the return pass.Job Efficiency:Job efficiencies vary based on job conditions, operator skill, etc.A good estimation for efficiency is approximately 0.70 to 0.85, but actual operating conditions should be used to determine the best value.Example problem:A Cat motor grader with a 3.66 m (12 ft) moldb oard is performing road maintenance on a township road. The machine is working at an average speed of 13 km/h (8 mph) with a moldboard carry angle of 30 degrees. What is the motor grader's production based on coverage area?Note:Due to the long passes involved in road mainte nance -- fewer turnarounds -- a higher job effi ciency of 0.90 is chosen.Solution: From the table, the effective blade length is 3.17 m(10.4 ft).Metric Production, A = 1 3 km/h (3.17 m 0.6 m) 1000 0.90 Production, A = 3 0 069 m2/hr (3.07 hectares/hr)English Production, A = 8 mph (10.4 ft 2.0 ft) 5280 0.90 Production, A = 319,334 ft2/hr (7.33 acres/hr)To pinpoint the theoretical number of motor graders required to properly maintain your haul roads, based on your specific mining applications, please download the haul road maintenance calculator on https://catminer.cat.com.Haul road maintenance impacts cycle time, tire, frame and drive train components, safety and ultimately your cost per ton. To achieve optimal truck productivity, your haul roads must be properly maintained.NOTE: Moderate: Road Maintenance Pad Cleaning Rock Clearing Shoulder SweepingDifficult: Ripping Spreading Dump Material Road Profiling/Reshaping9-6Formulas Motor GradersBLADE PULLThis specification is also known as drawbar pull. This spec can be calculated as follows:Variables:Rear weight of machine = WrTire traction coefficient =T (Look up the table entitled"Coefficient of Traction Factors")Wr T = Blade PullExample problem:Calculate the blade pull for a 140M Global Version version machine operating in a quarry pit...MetricRW = 10 501 kgT = 0.65English10 501 0.65 = 6825.65RW = 23,151 lbT = 0.6523,151 0.65 = 15,048.15BLADE DOWN PRESSUREThis spec can be calculated as follows:Variables:Blade to front axle length = BAWheel base length= WBWeight on front wheels = FWBlade down pressure = BDWB FW = BD(WB BA)Example problem:Calculate the blade down pressure for a 140M Global Version version machine...MetricBA = 2565 mmFW = 4223 kgWB = 6086 mmBD = ?6086 4223 = 7299 kg(6086 2565)EnglishBA = 101 inFW = 9310 lbWB = 240 inBD = ?240 9310 = 16,075 lb(240 101)This specification is only a minor indicator of a motor grader's productivity. It alone gives no measure of over all machine productivity. When considering motor grader production you need an optimum balance between the machine's front and rear weights. If a machine has too much weight on the front axle, it might have a high blade down pressure spec. It will, however, lack the essential rear weight and traction needed to push through the load. Too much weight in the rear and it will not have the nec essary weight in the front during heavy cuts to maintain proper steering control.Cat machines are built with this optimum balance in mind. A Cat motor grader is engineered with the proper weight distribution necessary for maximum productivity.Effective Blade Length*9Angle°Moldboard3.66 m (12') 4.27 m (14') 4.88 m (16') 7.32 m (24') m ft m ft m ft m ft0° 3.66 12.00 4.27 14.00 4.88 16.00 7.32 24.00 5° 3.64 11.95 4.25 13.95 4.86 15.94 7.29 23.91 10° 3.60 11.82 4.20 13.79 4.80 15.76 7.21 23.64 15° 3.53 11.59 4.12 13.52 4.71 15.45 7.07 23.18 20° 3.44 11.28 4.01 13.16 4.58 15.04 6.87 22.55 25° 3.32 10.88 3.87 12.69 4.42 14.50 6.63 21.75 30° 3.17 10.39 3.69 12.12 4.22 13.86 6.33 20.78 35° 3.00 9.83 3.50 11.47 4.00 13.11 5.99 19.66 40° 2.80 9.19 3.27 10.72 3.74 12.26 5.61 18.39 45° 2.59 8.49 3.02 9.90 3.45 11.31 5.17 16.97*Effective blade length is the amount of blade coverage the machine is capa ble of when the blade is at a given angle.9-7Motor Graders Extreme Slope OperationEXTREME SLOPE OPERATIONThere are two ways of defining slope work. The slope perpendicular to the machine's direction of travel is commonly referred to as "Side Sloping." The slope par allel to the machine's direction of travel -- the machines ability to travel up or down terrain, is comm only referred to as "Gradeability."Side Sloping capability for our Cat graders is some what subjective, but general agreement among profes sional operators is that working on a slope ratio of 2.5:1 (21.8 degrees) is the safe limit ... an experienced operator may be able to operate on a 2:1 (28 degrees) slope. Many factors influence this limit such as oper ator experience, machine configuration, tires and soil conditions, but a 2.5:1 is achievable. Further, a 3:1 slope is the approximate maximum side slope a grader can work on in straight frame configuration. The steeper side slopes all require the machine be articulated to safely navigate the slope.Gradeability is approximately 22 degrees. This is established by the grader's ability to stop without skid ding the tires while moving downhill. The motor grader can, however, climb grades steeper than 22 degrees. The traction coefficient is the critical factor in determining whether a grader can safely navigate the slope. Caterpillar recommends that you never climb a slope steeper than you can safely descend.Maximum lubrication angle: We have measured the graders on a tilt table and pump cavitation occurs around 30 degrees (58% or 1.7:1). This is beyond the grade or slope a motor grader can operate on.When working side hills and slopes, consideration should be given to the following important points. Speed of Travel -- At higher speeds, inertia forces tend to make the grader less stable. Roughness of Terrain or Surface -- Ample allowance should be made where the terrain or surface is uneven. Mounted Equipment -- Mounted attachments such as front plows, snow wings, rippers and other mounted equipment cause the tractor to balance differently. Nature of Surface -- New earthen fills may give way with the weight of the grader. Rocky surfaces may promote side slipping of grader. Excessive Loads or Side Draft -- This may cause wheel slippage, where the downhill tires "dig in," increasing the angle of grader. Tire Selection and Maintenance -- Consideration should be given to proper tire selection and air pres sure. For more information, consult Caterpillar pub lications -- Motor Grader Tire Selection Guide and Operation and Maintenance Manual. Drawbar, Circle and Blade Position -- The position of the blade can affect the stability of the machine. Articulation Angle -- Articulation angle can affect the stability of the machine. Wheel Lean Angle -- Wheel lean angle can affect the stability of the machine.NOTE:S afe operation on steep slopes may require spe cial machine maintenance as well as excellent operator skill and proper equipment setup for the specific application. Consult Caterpillar pub lications for further operating tips -- Operation & Maintenance Manual, Motor Grader Applic a tion Guide, and the Grade Comp arison Chart in the Tables section of this Performance Handb ook.9-8PAVING PRODUCTSCONTENTSCOLD PLANERSSustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1 Production Estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2 Machine Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Cold Planing Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-6 Cold Planer Use by Project Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-7ROTARY MIXERSSustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-8 Optional Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9 Production Estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-9 Weight of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-10 Stabilization/Reclamation Production . . . . . . . . . 10-10ASPHALT PAVERSSustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-11 Production Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-12 Slope Conversion Table/Inches in Decimals Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-13VIBRATORY AND PNEUMATIC TIRE COMPACTORSSustainability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14 Pneumatic Tires Specifications: Pneumatic Tires: Ballast Configurations . . . . . . . 10-15 Pneumatic Tires: Maximum Ground Pressures . . 10-16 Pneumatic Tires: Ground Contact Pressures . . . . 10-16 Production Estimating: Pneumatic Tires: Vibratory Compactors . . . . . . . 10-18 Production Estim Pneumatic Tire Compactors . . 10-22Cold Planer Sustainability: Long-lasting lubricants and fluids extend maintenanceintervals, decreasing the amount of waste and filters contributed to environment. Superior Cat® cutting tools last longer, providing higher daily productivity with less fuel burn. Available Cat Diamond Cutting Bits last up to 80 times longer than conventional carbide bits. Ecology drains provide a simple means to drain machine fluids with a minimized risk of spillage. Maintenance free Cat batteries are recyclable. Cat engines meet applicable emission s tandards. Cold planers recycle aggregate from worn out roads for use in new roads, reducing the cost and energy needs required for excavating, processing and hauling virgin 10 aggregate.Features: Cat engines. Up-cutting mandrels provide cutting efficiency and improved bit life. Excellent maneuverability for productivity and job site flexibility. Front-discharge conveyor facilitates haul unit movement in congested urban applications. Optimum weight-to-horsepower balance for delivering maximum available horsepower to the cutter. Computerized Monitoring System (CMS) provides three warning levels for abnormal operating conditions. Load control system keeps machine operating at peak efficiency. Water spray system for dust control and bit cooling. Optional Cat Grade and Slope available for PM620 and PM622 models.10-1Cold Planers Production EstimatingSpeedm/minft/min3.0104.6156.1207.6259.13010.73512.24013.74515.25016.85518.360Speedm/minft/min3.0104.6156.1207.6259.13010.73512.24013.74515.25016.85518.360Speedm/minft/min3.0104.6156.1207.6259.13010.73512.24013.74515.25016.85518.360350 mm (1'2")m2yd21.11.31.61.92.12.62.73.23.23.83.74.54.35.14.85.75.36.45.97.06.47.71220 mm (4'0")m2yd23.74.45.66.77.48.99.311.111.113.313.115.614.917.816.720.018.522.220.524.522.326.73050 mm (10'0")m2yd29.210.914.016.818.622.323.227.727.833.232.639.037.244.541.850.046.455.451.261.355.866.8Cutter/Drum Width -- m2/min (yd2/min)400 mm (1'4")500 mm (1'8")600 mm (2'0")m2yd2m2yd2m2yd21.21.41.51.81.82.21.82.22.32.82.83.32.42.93.13.63.74.43.03.63.84.54.65.53.64.44.65.45.56.54.35.15.46.46.47.74.95.86.17.37.38.85.56.66.98.28.29.86.17.37.69.19.110.96.78.08.410.010.112.17.38.89.210.911.013.11900 mm (6'3")2010 mm (6'7")2100 mm (6'11")m2yd2m2yd2m2yd25.76.86.07.26.37.58.710.59.211.19.711.611.613.912.314.712.815.314.417.315.318.316.019.117.320.718.321.919.122.920.324.321.525.722.526.923.227.724.529.325.630.626.031.127.532.928.834.428.934.530.636.531.938.231.938.233.840.435.342.234.841.636.844.038.446.03500 mm (11'6")3810 mm (12'6")m2yd2m2yd210.512.611.413.716.119.317.521.021.425.523.227.826.631.829.034.631.938.134.741.537.544.840.848.842.751.146.555.648.057.352.262.453.263.657.969.358.870.364.076.664.176.669.783.41000 mm (3'4")m2yd23.03.64.65.56.17.37.69.19.110.910.712.812.214.613.716.415.218.216.820.118.321.92210 mm (7'3")m2yd26.67.910.212.213.516.116.820.120.124.123.628.327.032.230.336.233.640.237.144.440.448.4NOTE: Above figures are based on approximately 25 mm (1 in) depth of cut. For greater depths of cut, multiply the production rate by cutting depth. Figures are based on asphalt density of 2322 kg/m3 (145 lb/ft3). (As referenced on AsphaltPavement.org -- the website of NAPA.)10-2Production Estimating Cold PlanersCutter/Drum Width -- metric tons/min (U.S. tons/min)Speedm/minft/min350 mm (1'2")Metric tonsU.S. tons400 mm (1'4")Metric tonsU.S. tons500 mm (1'8")Metric tonsU.S. tons600 mm (2'0")Metric tonsU.S. tons1000 mm (3'4")Metric tonsU.S. tons3.0100.060.070.070.080.090.100.100.120.170.194.6150.090.100.110.120.130.150.160.180.270.296.1200.120.140.140.160.180.200.210.230.350.397.6250.150.170.180.190.220.240.260.290.440.499.1300.180.200.210.230.260.290.320.350.530.5810.7350.220.240.250.270.310.340.370.410.620.6812.2400.250.270.280.310.350.390.420.470.710.7813.7450.280.310.320.350.400.440.480.530.800.8815.2500.310.340.350.390.440.490.530.580.880.9716.8550.340.380.390.430.490.540.590.640.981.0718.3600.370.410.420.470.530.590.640.701.061.17Speedm/minft/min1220 mm (4'0")Metric tonsU.S. tons1900 mm (6'3")Metric tonsU.S. tons2010 mm (6'7")Metric tonsU.S. tons2100 mm (6'11")Metric tonsU.S. tons2210 mm (7'3")Metric tonsU.S. tons3.0100.210.230.330.360.350.390.370.400.380.424.6150.330.360.510.560.540.590.560.620.590.656.1200.430.480.670.740.710.780.740.820.780.867.6250.540.590.840.920.890.980.931.020.981.079.1300.640.711.001.111.061.171.111.221.171.2910.7350.760.841.181.301.251.381.301.441.371.511012.2400.860.951.351.481.421.571.491.641.571.7213.7450.971.071.511.671.601.761.671.841.761.9415.2501.081.191.681.851.771.951.852.041.952.1516.8551.191.311.852.041.962.162.052.262.162.3818.3601.301.432.022.222.142.352.232.462.352.59Speedm/minft/min3050 mm (10'0")Metric tonsU.S. tons3500 mm (11'6")Metric tonsU.S. tons3810 mm (12'6")Metric tonsU.S. tons3.0100.530.590.610.670.660.734.6150.810.900.931.031.021.126.1201.081.191.241.371.351.497.6251.351.481.541.701.681.859.1301.611.781.852.042.012.2210.7351.892.092.172.402.372.6112.2402.162.382.482.732.702.9713.7452.432.672.783.073.033.3415.2502.692.973.093.403.363.7016.8552.973.283.413.763.724.0918.3603.243.573.724.104.054.46NOTE: Above figures are based on approximately 25 mm (1 in) depth of cut. For greater depths of cut, multiply the production rate by cutting depth. Figures are based on asphalt density of 2322 kg/m3 (145 lb/ft3). (As referenced on AsphaltPavement.org -- the website of NAPA.)10-3Cold PlanersConsiderations in Machine Selection Cold Planing FundamentalsMACHINE SELECTIONPrime considerations in selecting the proper cold planer model are: -- specifics of work to be done -- type of projects generally done by the contractor City/Urban or Highway/Airport -- desired production capacitiesPM310/PM312/PM313 Cold PlanersThe Cat PM310/PM312/PM313 Cold Planers feature compact dimensions and excellent maneuverability ideal for easy operation in urban applications. The machine performs controlled, full-depth removal of asphalt layers in a single pass and is also capable of concrete removal. The machine is available with a wheel or track undercarriage and features four steering modes for high maneuverability.PM620 and PM622 Cold Planers The Cat PM620 and PM622 Cold Planers are high-production, half-lane milling machines with excellent maneuverability and plenty of power to perform con trolled full-depth removal of asphalt and concrete pave ments in a single pass. The track-driven machine features four steering modes for high maneuverability. The PM620 features a 2.0 m (79") cutting width and performs well in urban environments or in applications where great maneu verability is required. The PM622 features a 2.2 m (88") cutting width and is ideal for high-production applica tions such as main line milling.Cold Planer Characteristics (Highway/Airport)Highway/Airport work requires high-volume cold planers. The PM620, PM622 and other high horsepower half-lane cold planers are being used more on Highway/ Airp ort projects. Users like to have one machine that can work successfully on high production jobs then switch to city/urban applications.Cold Planer Characteristics (City/Urban)All Cat cold planers are four-track, front discharge models. Front discharge cold planers make traffic control easier in congested quarters. The trucks travel forward in the same direction as the cold planer. The trucks move in and out of traffic faster increasing production.COLD PLANING FUNDAMENTALSDefinitionCold planing is automatically controlled cold milling to restore the pavement surface to a specified grade and slope; remove bumps, ruts, and other imperfections; and leave a textured surface which can be opened immediately to traffic or overlayed with new pavement materials.Production and Tooth WearBecause pavement materials vary, so do production and tooth wear. While predicting the exact production rate and tooth wear on a particular job is difficult, general guidelines are available.Production depends on the milling rate (the speed at which the cold planer moves forward). The machine's forward speed is determined, primarily, by aggregate type, asphalt bond strength and depth of cut. When milling asphalt pavement, the cold planer's teeth essentially are breaking the bond between asphalt-coated aggregate, not actually fracturing the aggregate itself. A pavement made with a mix containing a high percentage of fine aggregate and a high asphalt content is more difficult to mill than a pavement with a high percentage of coarse aggregate.A dense or fine mix usually requires more power at the cutting drum, limiting the cold planer's forward speed. Decreased speed lowers production, and the tough bond between the small aggregate particles causes increased cutting-tooth wear. Lower production and higher tooth wear result in increased unit costs.Cutting depth affects power demand at the drum and helps determine the cold planer's forward speed. How ever, production increases, to a point, as the depth of cut increases. For example, changing from a 25 mm (1 in) cut to a 51 mm (2 in) cut slows the machine only slightly but doubles the amount of material produced.As the cut increases beyond the machine's peak-production depth, the reduced forward speed begins to offset the production gains of the deeper cut. For example, production at a 152 mm (6 in) cutting depth and slow speed may be no greater than cutting at a 76 mm (3 in) depth and a much faster speed.10-4Cold Planing Fundamentals Cold PlanersLow Density AsphaltDepthmmin5121014127517872541030512High Density AsphaltDepthmmin5121014127517872541030512PM620, PM622m/minft/min4013032105217012406205 15PM620, PM622m/minft/min32105268518609305154 12As long as the cold planer maintains a productive forward speed, deeper cuts will yield greater production and tend to lower tooth cost. Tooth wear does not increase in direct proportion to production when the machine is working in an efficient range.Tooth wear at various depths for a given material is affected by how long the tooth remains in the cut. Because the teeth are mounted on a circular drum, each tooth cuts through the pavement in an arc. The tooth arc at a 102 mm (4 in) cutting depth, however, is not four times longer than at a 25 mm (1 in) cutting depth, even though production may be four times greater. The cutting arc at 102 mm (4 in) is approximately twice as long as that at 25 mm (1 in).The peak cutting depth for a particular cold planer on a specific job is best determined by examining production, and subsequent costs, of a single deep cut versus multiple passes at a shallow depth.1010-5Cold Planers ApplicationsAPPLICATIONSAlthough new applications for cold planers are being discovered, most work can be classified in six general categories:Leveling and BondingThis application removes a layer of pavement to eliminate potholes, ruts, bumps and other surface imperfections. The cold planer leaves a level, textured surface ideal for bonding to a new, thin overlay of asphalt or concrete. The surface has an interlocking texture with double the bonding area of a conventional smooth pavement. The textured surface and overlay form a monolithic bond, eliminating the shear plane that causes pavement layers to move and separate. Thinner overlays can be used, making the technique more economical than traditional overlay methods.Surface RefinishingRough pavement can also be cold planed to specified grade and slope, providing a new riding surface without adding new paving materials. This application is particularly useful when base and sub-base are in good shape, or when several layers have been added to the roadway over the years. Roads can be cold planed during cold, wet months and reopened immediately. New overlays can be added whenever weather permits. This lengthens the practical working season for many contractors. The cold planer can also be used to correct expansion joint faults and pavement cracks.Surface RepairThis category generally requires deeper cutting than leveling. It consists of removing isolated distressed pavement sections down to subbase, if necessary, prior to adding new overlay materials. Since the cutter mandrel on Cat cold planers cuts forward and upward, there's no damaging impact to the underlying base.Pavement RemovalPavement buildup is a problem that plagues most older streets, roads and highways. As overlays are added, curbs and drains are buried -- creating drainage problems. Overhead clearances are dangerously reduced ... and additional weight is added to over-passes and bridges. Cold planing is an economical method of curing all these problems.Surface TexturingSerious accidents increase when pavement becomes slick from wear. The textured surface produced by cold planing is highly skid-resistant and has dramatically reduced hydroplaning characteristics.Pavement MiningCold milling has made it practical to actually "mine" deteriorated pavement materials from existing roads and streets. The cold planer produces an ideally-sized asphalt or concrete material which can be recycled in a variety of ways. Depending on type, age and condition of pavement, the largest cold planer can reclaim up to 900 tons of material per hour.10-6Cold Planer Use By ProjectType Cold PlanersApplications Planing (Milling) Partial RemovalFull Depth RemovalTexturing Leveling SpecialCOLD PLANER USE BY PROJECT TYPEHighway/Airport To establish grade and slope. Remove excess pavement. For use with hot mix recycle. Remove pavement irregularities. Texture for skid resistance. Total rebuild. RAP used for base or hot recycle. Cold recycle. This requires additional surface treatment. For skid resistance and improved bond when overlay is applied. Joint and crack repair. Cut rumble grooves on shoulders ofbridge approaches. Concrete removal.City/Urban To establish proper grade and slope. To establish new grade and slope. To correct drainage and curb reveal. To lower elevation at overpass. For use with hot recycle. Eliminate leveling course. Total rebuild. RAP used for base or hot recycle. Cold recycle. Requires additional surface treatment. For skid resistance and improved bond when overlay is applied. At intersections to remove bumps, shoving and improve drainage. Intersection defect repair. Pothole repair. Railroad crossing repair. Tight radius profiling around manholecovers, etc. Pavement adjustments (transitionsfrom existing pavements to new overlays).1010-7Rotary MixersSustainability FeaturesRotary Mixers Overview: The Cat Rotary Mixers combine superior perfor-mance and reliability to achieve the most demanding job specifications while maximizing machine uptime. With many enhanced features and options, the Cat Rotary Mixers are designed to work well in both full depth reclamation and soil stabilization applications.Rotary Mixers Sustainability: Long-lasting lubricants and fluids extend maintenanceintervals, decreasing the amount of waste and filters contributed to environment. Ecology drains provide a simple means to drain machine fluids with a minimized risk of spillage. Maintenance free Cat batteries are recyclable. Cat engines meet applicable emission standards. Rotary Mixers recycle the materials into aggregate on site. That reduces overall fuel consumption and engine emissions. Rotary Mixers and the reclamation process can eliminate the need for an excavator and motor grader at most job sites. Rotary Mixers can reclaim and stabilize simultaneously. If stabilization is required, the agent can be placed on top of the reclamation project. The Rotary Mixer then makes a single pass, mixing the stabilizer with the material beneath the surface. At the same time, it reduces the aggregate to its original size. All this is accomplished with one machine -- in one pass. The reclamation and stabilization process can easily incorporate environmentally sensitive sealants. Now the life of the road bases can be extended without fear of harming wildlife. The reclamation process usually is quicker than full replacement, allowing roads to open sooner. This means fewer traffic jams -- a quality of life issue as well. Reclamation and stabilization dramatically extend the life of roads. Some contractors conservatively estimate that a reclaimed/stabilized base will help a recycled road last 30 to 40 years. Extending that life is an enormous cost-saver, and also results in the use of less energy.Cat RM Features: Maximum Production ... from Cat engines. Highly Maneuverable ... separate hydraulic pump provides hydraulic flow to large displacement motors on each rear wheel. Versatility ... choice of three rotors for full depth reclamation or soil stabilization. Reliability ... field proven Cat components maximize machine availability. Standard all-wheel drive with advanced traction control system for maximum traction. Rotating operator's station with handwheel steering and integrated touchscreen display provides operator with fingertip control, high visibility and exceptional comfort.10-8Optional Equipment Production EstimatingRotary MixersRotor OptionsRotor Universal 406 mm (16")* Universal 457 mm (18")** Soil Combination SpadeMaximum Depth of Work 406 mm16" 457 mm18" 508 mm20" 508 mm20" 457 mm18"No. of Bits/Tools200 200 238 114 58Direction of Cut Up Up Up Up UpStabilization X X X X XReclamation X X**Designed to produce maximum breakout force, the Universal Rotor 406 mm (16") performs well in severe asphalt cuts. **The Universal Rotor 457 mm (18") is designed to provide maximum mixing depth and has lower breakout force compared to the Universal Rotor 406 mm (16").Rotor Options: Some rotor options are not available in certain markets. Soil Rotor is designed primarily for use in soil stabilization. Combination Rotor is designed primarily for use in soil stabilization with a secondary application in light cuts of asphalt reclamation. Universal Rotor can be used for either reclamation or stabilization. Spade Rotor is designed for soil stabilization applications.PRODUCTION ESTIMATINGThe maximum cutting depth for Cat Rotary Mixers is 508 mm (20 in). In addition, the cutting width of their rotors is 2.4 m (8 ft). The following formulas allow you to determine the production in square yards (yd2)/minute or cubic yards (yd3)/minute.Production in square yards (yd2) per minuteyd2/min =FPM of travel speed 1.1259 ft2/yd2 8 ft Cutting width = 1.125 (This is a constant valuefor an eight foot wide rotor)Gallons of additive (for units with pump andmetering additive system)GPM yd2/min=gal/yd2Or, if required additive amounts are known, you can determine necessary travel speed as shown:GPM gal/yd2=yd2/min; yd2/min 1.125 = ft/minProduction in Cubic Yards (yd3) per minuteCutting or mixing10FPM of travel speed depth in inches = yd31.12536minProduction in Tons per MinuteWt. of Material yd3/min per yd in lbs = tons/min2000 lb/tonAbbreviationsFPM = Feet Per Minute GPM = Gallons Per Minute10-9Rotary MixersWeight of Materials Stabilization/Reclamation ProductionWEIGHT OF MATERIALSClay Clay and Gravel Sand and Gravel Sand EarthBituminous ConcreteMaterial -- Dry -- Wet -- Dry -- Wet -- Dry -- Wet -- Dry -- Damp -- Wet -- Dry Packed -- Wet Excavated -- Top Soil -- Loam -- Windrowed Chunks (25% Voids) -- CompactedLOOSEkg/m3lb/yd3148025001660280014202400154026001720290020203400142024001690285018403100151025501600270095016001250210017402925----kg/m3 1840 2080 1660 1840 1930 2220 1600 1900 2080 1900 2020 1360 1540-- 2310BANKlb/yd3 3100 3500 2800 3100 3250 3750 2700 3200 3500 3200 3400 2300 2600-- 3900STABILIZATION/RECLAMATION PRODUCTIONThe following charts list production in square meters per minute, square yards per minute, cubic meters per minute, and cubic yards per minute. The information is based on various travel speeds and cutting depths for Cat Rotary Mixers equipped with a 2438 mm (8 ft) cutting rotor.PRODUCTION RATESTravel Speed m/m3/minute Cutting Depth -- mmmin m2/min 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 425 450 475 50037.3 0.73 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7614.6 1.46 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.2 6.6 6.9 7.3921.9 2.20 2.7 3.3 3.8 4.4 4.9 5.5 6.0 6.6 7.1 7.7 8.2 8.8 9.3 9.9 10.4 11.01229.3 2.90 3.7 4.4 5.1 5.9 6.6 7.3 8.0 8.8 9.5 10.2 11.0 11.7 12.4 13.2 13.9 14.61536.6 3.60 4.6 5.5 6.4 7.3 8.2 9.1 10.0 11.0 11.9 12.8 13.7 14.6 15.5 16.5 17.4 18.31843.9 4.40 5.5 6.6 7.7 8.8 9.9 11.0 12.1 13.2 14.3 15.4 16.5 17.6 18.7 19.7 20.8 21.92151.2 5.10 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.2 11.5 12.8 14.1 15.4 16.6 17.9 19.2 20.5 21.8 23.0 24.3 25.62458.5 5.90 7.3 8.8 10.2 11.7 13.2 14.6 16.1 17.6 19.0 20.5 21.9 23.4 24.9 26.3 27.8 29.32765.8 6.60 8.2 9.9 11.5 13.2 14.8 16.4 18.1 19.7 21.4 23.0 24.7 26.3 28.0 29.6 31.3 32.9PRODUCTION RATESTravel Speed ft/yd3/minute Cutting Depth -- inchesmin yd2/min 456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20108.9 0.98 1.2 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.92017.8 1.96 2.5 3.0 3.4 4.0 4.4 4.9 5.5 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.4 7.9 8.4 8.9 9.4 9.93026.7 2.90 3.7 4.5 5.2 5.9 6.7 7.4 8.2 8.9 9.6 10.4 11.1 11.9 12.6 13.4 14.0 14.84035.6 3.90 4.9 5.9 6.9 7.9 8.9 9.9 10.9 11.9 12.8 13.9 14.8 15.8 16.8 17.8 18.7 19.85044.5 4.90 6.2 7.4 8.6 9.9 11.1 12.4 13.6 14.8 16.0 17.3 18.5 19.8 21.0 22.3 23.4 24.76053.4 5.90 7.4 8.9 10.3 11.9 13.3 14.8 16.4 17.8 19.2 20.8 22.2 23.7 25.2 26.7 28.1 29.77062.3 6.80 8.6 10.4 12.0 13.8 15.6 17.3 19.1 20.8 22.4 24.3 25.9 27.7 29.5 31.2 32.8 34.68071.2 7.80 9.9 11.9 13.7 15.8 17.8 19.8 21.8 23.7 25.6 27.7 29.6 31.6 33.7 35.6 37.5 39.69080.1 8.80 11.1 13.4 15.5 17.8 20.0 22.4 24.5 26.7 28.8 31.2 33.3 35.6 37.9 40.1 42.1 44.510-10Sustainability FeaturesAsphalt PaversAsphalt Pavers Sustainability: Long-lasting lubricants and fluids extend mainte-nance intervals, decreasing the amount of waste and filters contributed to environment. Ecology drains provide a simple means to drain machine fluids with a minimized risk of spillage. Maintenance free Cat batteries are recyclable. Cat engines meet applicable emission standards. Proprietary undercarriage design on Mobil-TracTM pavers significantly reduces track belt wear, reducing frequency of replacement. Cat electric-heated screeds provide a reduction in engine emissions, which not only reduces the impact to the environment, but helps prevent soot build-up on indicators and decals -- for enhanced safety. Electric-heated screeds produce less noise, which is appreciated by the crew as well as those who work and live near the construction sites. Electric-heated screeds, unlike their diesel counterparts, don't require a constant flame -- another way emissions are reduced, and operators spared some heat. Electric-heated screeds are lighter, which means the paver consumes less fuel. Electric-heated screeds warm up quickly, another energy saver. Pavers equipped with Eco-mode can reduce engine speed to increase fuel efficiency during normal operation conditions. Pavers equipped with automatic engine speed control can be programmed to idle the engine when machine is in neutral for a predetermined amount of time, reduc ing fuel burn.Features: Variable width screeds available. Self-dumping hydraulic hoppers are heavy-duty and high capacity. Soldered and molded electrical c onnections. Self diagnostics on propel and feeder s ystems. Electrically heated screeds. Dual independent operating stations. Mobil-Trac undercarriage provides speed of a wheeled paver with maneuverability of a track paver. Optional Cat Grade and Slope is integrated with the paver. Large generators deliver fast heat with less fuel consumption.* One-touch functions for cleanout/warm up mode.* One-touch Auto-fill function.* One-touch feeder system activation.* Advanced generator diagnostics helps determine heat- 10 ing element life.**Feature available on F Series pavers only.10-11Asphalt Pavers ProductionASPHALT PAVING CHARTSThese charts will assist you when trying to match plant output with paving speeds. Keep in mind when using these charts, it will be at 100% efficiency. If you know efficiency, multiply T.P. hour efficiency. (Example: 75% efficiency at 300T.P.H. 300 0.75 = 225T.P.H.)Production in tons/hr with 1" compacted matSpeedft/min6'0"7'0"8'0"102226292044515830667787408810211650110129145Paving Widths 9'0" 33 66 99 131 16410'0" 37 73 110 146 18311'0" 40 80 120 161 20112'0" 44 88 131 175 219Production in tons/hr with 2" compacted matSpeedft/min6'0"7'0"8'0"104452582088176116301321541744017620423250220258290Paving Widths 9'0" 66 132 198 262 32810'0" 74 146 220 292 36611'0" 80 160 240 322 40212'0" 88 176 262 350 438Production in tons/hr with 3" compacted matSpeedft/min6'0"7'0"8'0"1066788720132153174301982312614026430634850330387435Paving Widths 9'0" 99 198 297 393 49210'0" 111 219 330 438 54911'0" 120 240 360 483 60312'0" 132 284 393 525 657Production in tons/hr with 4" compacted matSpeedft/min6'0"7'0"8'0"108810411620176204232302643083484035240846450440516580Paving Widths 9'0" 132 264 396 524 65610'0" 148 292 440 584 73211'0" 160 320 480 644 80412'0" 176 352 524 700 87610-12Production Asphalt PaversSlope Conversion TablePercent 0.17% 0.35% 0.52% 0.70% 0.87% 1.04% 1.22% 1.39% 1.56% 1.74% 1.91% 2.08% 2.26% 2.43% 2.60% 2.78% 2.95% 3.13% 3.30% 3.47% 3.65% 3.82% 3.99% 4.17% 4.34% 4.51% 4.69% 4.86% 5.04%Inches per foot /1 16 1/8 /3 16 1/4 /5 16 3/8 /7 16 1/2 /9 16Inches per 12 foot 1/4 1/2 3/4 11/2 11/4 11/2 13/4 21/2 21/4 21/2 23/4 31/2 31/4 31/2 33/4 41/2 41/4 41/2 43/4 51/2 51/4 51/2 53/4 61/2 61/4 61/2 63/4 71/2 71/4Percent 5.21% 5.38% 5.56% 5.73% 5.90% 6.08% 6.25% 6.42% 6.60% 6.77% 6.94% 7.12% 7.29% 7.47% 7.64% 7.81% 7.99% 8.16% 8.33% 8.51% 8.68% 8.85% 9.03% 9.20% 9.38% 9.55% 9.72% 9.90% 10.07%Inches per foot 5/8 /11 16 3/4 /13 16 7/8 /15 16 1 11/16 11/8 13/16Inches per 12 foot71/273/481/281/481/283/491/291/491/293/4101/2101/4101/2103/4111/2111/4111/2113/4121/2121/4121/210123/4131/2131/4131/2133/4141/2141/4141/2Formula:Inches per foot 100 Percent =12Inches in decimals of a foot/1 16 = .0052 /3 32 = .0078 1/8 = .0104 /3 16 = .0156 1/4 = .0208 /5 16 = .0260 3/8 = .0313 1/2 = .0417 5/8 = .0521 3/4 = .0625 7/8 = .07291 = .0833 2 = .1667 3 = .2500 4 = .3333 5 = .4167 6 = .5000 7 = .5833 8 = .6667 9 = .7500 10 = .8333 11 = .916710-13Vibratory Compactors Tire CompactorsSustainability FeaturesVibratory and Pneumatic Tire Compactors Sustainability: Long-lasting lubricants and fluids extend mainte-nance intervals, decreasing the amount of waste and filters contributed to environment. Ecology drains provide a simple means to drain machine fluids with a minimized risk of spillage. Maintenance free Cat batteries are recyclable. Cat engines meet applicable emission standards. Biodegradable oil option available.General Compactor Features: Routine maintenance simplified by grouped servicepoints and easy access to service areas. Operator stations designed for maximum comfort, easy control, and optimal visibility. Direct hydrostatic drive to front (drums or wheels) and rear (drums or wheels) provides dependable, responsive, propulsion effort and maximum gradeability. (Does not include pneumatic tire compactors or GC Series soil compactors.) Eco-mode standard equipment on Vibratory Soil Compactors and Double Drum Rollers reduces fuel consumption.Vibratory Compactor Features: Single Drum Dual pump system delivers positive tractive effort toboth drum and rear wheels, regardless of underfooting. This increases the machine's ability to maneuver in a wide variety of soil types and conditions and improves gradeability. (Does not pertain to GC Series compactors.) Limited slip high traction differential is standard on all units for best traction of rear tires. Optional heavy-duty front-mounted blade with reversible cutting edge is available to allow backfilling and leveling during compaction. (Check for model availability.) ROPS (Roll Over Protective Structure) optional on all units. Enclosed cabs with EROPS rating available as an option. Optional Cat Compaction Control featuring exclusive Machine Drive Power (MDP) or CMV (accelerometerbased) measurement scalable to include GNSS mapping and recording. Adjustable jaw-type cleaner bar keeps drums clean between pads during forward and reverse movement.Double Drum and Combi Vibration automatically ceases before machine comes toa stop to help produce a smooth, flawless mat surface. Close side clearances allow compactors to work close to curbs, walls and other obstructions. Large, rust-proof water tanks and pressure spray system provide hours of reliable operation between fill-ups. Emulsion system available for combi compactor rear tires to prevent materials sticking to tires. ROPS (Roll Over Protective Structure) available on all models. Enclosed cabs with EROPS rating available on some models. Optional Cat Compaction Control featuring GNSS mapping of pass count and mat surface temperature.Pneumatic Tire Compactor Features: All wheel oscillation. Front and rear tires provide evenwheel loads regardless of evenness underfoot. High drive propel system. Completely hydrostatic with drive motors and brakes located in mainframe away from contamination and damage. Ballast compartments are easily accessible for quick loading and are located to provide balanced wheel/ weight ratio. Single-lever hand control of forward and reverse movement makes smooth rolling easy. Optional Cat Compaction Control featuring GNSS mapping of pass count and mat surface temperature.NOTE: All models and options are not available in all markets.10-14Specifications Pneumatic Tires Ballast ConfigurationsPneumatic Tire CompactorsPneumatic Tires -- Bias Ply and RadialModel CW16CW34Tire Size 7.5 × 15 7.5 × 15 13/80-R20Ply Rating 12-ply Radial 14-ply Bias RadialTire Inflation PressureMinimum PressureMaximum PressurekPapsikPapsi344507571103445086212530044900131Ballast ConfigurationsBallast ConfigurationModelLoadEmptyWater OnlySteel OnlyWet Sand OnlySteel and WaterSteel and Wet SandCW16Wheel Load580 kg 1279 lb970 kg 2139 lb940 kg 2072 lb1360 kg 2998 lb1310 kg 2888 lb1670 kg 3682 lbMachine Weight5200 kg 11,464 lb8700 kg 19,180 lb8500 kg 18,739 lb12 200 kg 26,896 lb11 750 kg 25,904 kg15 000 kg 33,069 lbCW16 (11-wheel)Wheel Load480 kg 1058 lb800 kg 1764 lb780 kg 1720 lb1110 kg 2447 lb1060 kg 2337 lb1350 kg 2976 lbMachine Weight5300 kg 11,685 lb8800 kg 19,400 lb8600 kg 18,960 lb12 300 kg 27,117 lb11 750 kg 25,904 kg14 900 kg 32,849 lbCW34Wheel Load1250 kg 2756 lb1620 kg 3572 lb2820 kg 6217 lb2000 kg 4409 lb3080 kg 6790 lb3375 kg 7441 lbMachine Weight 10 000 kg13 000 kg22 550 kg16 000 kg24 700 kg27 000 kg22,050 lb28,660 lb49,715 lb35,275 lb54,450 kg59,525 lb*Configuration not available.1010-15Pneumatic Tire CompactorsSpecifications Maximum Ground Pressures Ground Contact PressuresGround Contact Pressures -- CW16Average Wheel Load545 kg 1200 lb970 kg 2145 lb1440 kg 3180 lb344 kPa 50 psi 236 kPa 34 psi250 kPa 36 psi280 kPa 41 psi413 kPa 60 psi 266 kPa 39 psi284 kPa 41 psi304 kPa 44 psiTire Pressures: 12-Ply Radial482 kPa550 kPa619 kPa70 psi80 psi90 psi284 kPa 41 psi306 kPa 44 psi317 kPa 46 psi314 kPa 46 psi343 kPa 50 psi369 kPa 54 psi331 kPa 48 psi358 kPa 52 psi390 kPa 57 psi688 kPa 100 psi 317 kPa 46 psi378 kPa 55 psi405 kPa 59 psi757 kPa 110 psi 344 kPa 50 psi410 kPa 60 psi607 kPa 88 psiAverage Wheel Load545 kg 1200 lb970 kg 2145 lb1440 kg 3180 lb344 kPa 50 psi 243 kPa 35 psi259 kPa 38 psi273 kPa 40 psi413 kPa 60 psi 266 kPa 39 psi295 kPa 43 psi312 kPa 45 psi482 kPa 70 psi 284 kPa 41 psi321 kPa 47 psi336 kPa 49 psiTire Pressures: 14-Ply Bias550 kPa 619 kPa 688 kPa80 psi90 psi100 psi295 kPa 43 psi317 kPa 46 psi330 kPa 48 psi343 kPa 50 psi369 kPa 54 psi388 kPa 56 psi364 kPa 53 psi390 kPa 57 psi413 kPa 60 psi757 kPa 110 psi 344 kPa 50 psi420 kPa 60 psi437 kPa 64 psi826 kPa 120 psi 359 kPa 52 psi421 kPa 61 psi465 kPa 68 psi862 kPa 125 psi 367 kPa 53 psi427 kPa 62 psi475 kPa 69 psiNOTES:1. Each tire type has a unique pressure distribution which varies with both tire inflation pressure and wheel load. The distribution of pressure along both transverse and longitudinal profiles is rarely uniform.2. The measurements in this table represent the peak pressures measured in a transverse profile at each of the ballast conditions at maximum tire inflation pressure.3. For most applications, it can be assumed that normal operation of the pneumatic compactor will result in the ground being subjected to pressures near the maximum during at least one machine pass.10-16Specifications Ground Contact PressuresPneumatic Tire CompactorsGround Contact Pressures -- CW34Average Wheel Load1500 kg 3307 lb2000 kg 4410 lb2500 kg 5512 lb3000 kg 6614 lb3375 kg 7441 lb300 kPa 44 psi 242 kPa 35 psi260 kPa 38 psi308 kPa 45 psi397 kPa 58 psi518 kPa 75 psi400 kPa 58 psi 309 kPa 45 psi299 kPa 43 psi322 kPa 47 psi369 kPa 54 psi423 kPa 61 psi500 kPa 73 psi 406 kPa 59 psi357 kPa 52 psi360 kPa 52 psi386 kPa 56 psi418 kPa 61 psiTire Pressure600 kPa700 kPa87 psi102 psi612 kPa 89 psi680 kPa 99 psi462 kPa 67 psi498 kPa 72 psi429 kPa 62 psi458 kPa 66 psi433 kPa 63 psi457 kPa 66 psi448 kPa 65 psi469 kPa 68 psi800 kPa 116 psi 1038 kPa 151 psi628 kPa 91 psi539 kPa 78 psi516 kPa 75 psi517 kPa 75 psi850 kPa 123 psi 1265 kPa 184 psi691 kPa 100 psi577 kPa 84 psi543 kPa 79 psi539 kPa 78 psi900 kPa 131 psi 1587 kPa 230 psi764 kPa 111 psi618 kPa 90 psi573 kPa 83 psi564 kPa 82 psiNOTES: 1. Each tire type has a unique pressure distribution which varies with both tire inflation pressure and wheel load.The distribution of pressure along both transverse and longitudinal profiles is rarely uniform. 2. The measurements in this table represent the peak pressures measured in a transverse profile at each of the ballastconditions at maximum tire inflation pressure. 3. For most applications, it can be assumed that normal operation of the pneumatic compactor will result in theground being subjected to pressures near the maximum during at least one machine pass.1010-17Vibratory CompactorsProduction Estimating Single DrumThe tables in this section give production estimates for the following assumed conditions:Nominal machine travel speed: 6.4 km/h (4.0 mph)Overlap of rolling width:15.2 cm (6.0 inches)Table values give representative production rates for three common construction conditions: trenches, roads, and wide areas (> 15 m, or 50 ft).Model CS423E, CS44, CS44BDrum Widthcm in 167.6 66CS533E, CS54, CS56, CS54B, 213.4 84 CS56B, CS64B, CS66BCS64, CS68B213.4 84CS74, CS74B213.4 84CS76, CS76B213.4 84CS76 XT, CS78B, CS79B213.4 84CP44, CP44B167.6 66CP533E, CP54, CP56, CP54B, CP56B213.4 84CP76, CP68B, CP74B213.4 84Lift Thickness cm in 10.2 4 15.2 6 15.2 6 15.2 6 15.2 12 15.2 12 15.2 630.5 12 30.5 12Passes Required4 6 5 4 6 4 66 6m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hrm3/hr yds3/hr m3/hr yds3/hrProduction Estimates3.7 m (12 ft) 9.15 m (30 ft)TrenchRoad Base159249209326239299313391--373--489--448--587--598--782--896--1174159199209261Wide Areas 249 326 324 424 405530 486 636 648 848 972 1272 249 326478478647626626847--598648--782848100%Travel Speed EfficiencyTravel Speed Efficiency (ETS)95%90%85% 80% 75% 70%3.2 km/h (2 mph) 6.4 km/h (4 mph) 9.6 km/h (6 mph) 12.8 km/h (8 mph)65%60%15 (49)4575105(98)(148)(197)Cycle Length in meters (ft)135 (246)10-18Production Estimating Single DrumVibratory CompactorsAdjusting the Production EstimateIf the assumed conditions are not close to the actual construction conditions, the production estimates should be corrected. The production estimate from the table can be adjusted for `actual' construction conditions by applying adjustment factors:Q (actual) = Q (assumed) Fs Ft FpWhere: Q (actual) = adjusted productivity Q (assumed) = productivity from table based on assumed conditions Fs = adjustment for machine speed Ft = adjustment for layer thickness Fp= adjustment for no. of passesThe adjustment factors are determined by compar ing the `actual' conditions to the `assumed' ones:Fs = actual speed/assumed speed Ft = actual thickness/assumed thickness Fp = assumed passes/actual passesMetric exampleActual Conditions -- An 9.15-meter (full road width) base aggregate job is being completed with a compacted thickness of 15 cm. A CS44B is being used, operating at 4.0 km/h, and making 6 passes to achieve the desired com paction. The roller is overlapping its passes 6 inches.For a 9.15-meter road base the table gives a CS44B productivity of 249 m3/hr. Since the speed, thickness, and passes are different from the assumed conditions, we should adjust this estimate:Speed Thickness PassesAssumed 6.4 km/h 10.2 cm 4 passesActual 4.0 km/h15 cm 6 passesFs = 4.0 km/h/6.4 km/h = 0.6 Ft = 15 cm/10.2 cm = 1.5 Fp = 4 passes/6 passes = 0.7The estimated production is adjusted using these factors:Q (actual) = 249 m3/hr 0.6 1.7 0.7 = 178 m3/hr (233 yds3/hr)English exampleActual Conditions -- An wide area commercial site development job is being compacted in lifts of 8 inches. A CP56B is being used, operating at 4.0 mph, and mak ing 4 passes to achieve the target density.First, the table gives a CP56B productivity of 847 yds3/hr. Since lift thickness and passes required are different from the assumed conditions, we should adjust this estimate:Speed Thickness PassesAssumed 4.0 mph 12 inches 6 passesActual 4.0 mph 8 inches 4 passesFs = no correction necessary Ft = 8 inches/12 inches = 0.7 Fp = 6 passes/4 passes = 1.5The estimated production is adjusted using these factors:Q (actual) = 847 yds3/hr 0.7 1.5 = 890 yds3/hr (680 m3/hr)Notes on Productivity: For jobs that are relatively narrow, especially road construction jobs, it is important to understand that10certain widths of construction will be more productive than others for a given compactor. A productiveconstruction width will make the most use of eachside by side pass required by the compactor in orderto cover the width. Production estimates should be adjusted further if the length of the compaction cycles are shorter than 75 m (250 ft). Refer to the Travel Speed Efficiency chart to determine efficiency ETS. For example, a compactor traveling at 6.4 km/h (4 mph) operating at cycle lengths of 150 ft has an ETS of 0.91. Multiply Q (actual) by ETS.10-19Vibratory CompactorsProduction Estimating Double Drum and CombiThe table in this section gives production estimates for the following assumed conditions:Compacted Layer Thickness51 mm2 inMaximum Vibratory Frequency*--Impacts Spacing33 impacts/m10 impacts/ftPasses per Machine Width2Compacted Material Density2483 kg/m3155 lb/ft3Overlap of Rolling Width152 mm6 inOverhang at Lane Edge76 mm3 inEfficiency75%*Maximum vibratory frequency varies by machine, refer to table.Table values give representative production rates for common construction widths. If the actual width falls between two assumed widths, use the higher number to estimate production. Minor adjustments can normally be made in the rolling method to reach this higher production: reduce overlap or overhang, increase speed, or increase the cycle time.Model CB1.7 CB1.8 CB2.5, CB2.5GC CB2.7, CB2.7GC, CC2.7,and CC2.7GC CB2.9 CB4.0, CC4.0 CB4.4 CB7 CB10 CB13 CB15, CB16Vibration Frequency57 Hz 3420 vpm57 Hz 3420 vpm64 Hz 3840 vpm64 Hz3840 vpm 64 Hz3840 vpm 55 Hz3300 vpm 55 Hz3300 vpm 53 Hz3200 vpm 63.3 Hz3800 vpm 63.3 Hz3800 vpm 63.3 Hz3800 vpmUnits Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hrTonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr1.8 m 6 ft 154.6 170.4 154.6 170.4 173.5 191.3243.0267.9 243.0 267.9 208.8 230.2 208.8 230.2 201.2 221.8 240.5 265.1 400.8 441.8 400.8 441.82.4 m 8 ft 160.4 176.72062.9 227.2 231.4 255.1231.4255.1 231.4 255.1 198.9 219.2 278.4 306.9 268.3 295.7 320.6 353.4 320.6 353.4 320.6 353.4PAVING WIDTH3.0 m 10 ft3.7 m 12 ft4.3 m 14 ft164.0166.6180.7183.5200.5196.9220.9216.8224.9221.0218.0248.0243.5240.4289.3270.0257.6318.9 289.3 318.9 248.6 274.0 248.6 274.1 239.6 264.1 400.8 441.8 400.8 441.8 400.8 441.8297.7 270.0 297.7 232.0 255.8 298.3 328.9 287.5 316.9 343.5 378.6 480.9 530.1 480.9 530.1284.0 315.0 347.2 270.7 298.4 270.6 298.3 260.8 287.5 400.8 441.8 400.8 441.8 400.8 441.84.9 m 16 ft 249.2 274.7294.5324.7 294.5 324.7 253.1 279.0 309.3 341.0 298.1 328.6 356.3 392.7 458.0 504.9 458.0 504.95.5 m 18 ft 243.0 267.9280.4309.0 331.3 365.2 284.7 313.9 284.8 313.9 274.4 302.5 400.8 441.8 515.3 568.0 515.3 568.010-20Production Estimating Double Drum and CombiVibratory CompactorsExampleActual Conditions -- A 3.7 m (12 ft) lane is being paved with a compacted asphalt thickness of 10 cm (4 in). A CB10 is operating with a frequency of 42 Hz (2520 vpm) and 46 impacts per meter (14 impacts per ft) and mak ing 4 passes to achieve target density. The roller is over lapping its passes 15 cm (6 in) and is overhanging the edges by 7.5 cm (3 in).First, the table gives a CB10 productivity of 343 Tonnes/ hr (378.6 tons/hr) for a 3.7 m (12 ft) paving width. Since the actual vibratory speed, thickness, impact spacing and passes are different from the assumed conditions, the estimate should be adjusted.Vibratory Speed Impact SpacingThickness PassesAssumed63.3 Hz 3800 vpm33 impacts/m 10 impacts/ft5 cm2 in2Actual42 Hz 2520 vpm46 impacts/m 14 impacts/ft10 cm4 in4Fs = 42 Hz (2520 vpm)/63.3 Hz (3800 vpm) = 0.66 Fi = 33 impacts/m (10 impacts/ft)/46 impacts/m(14 impacts/ft) = 0.71 Ft = 10 cm (4 in)/5 cm (2 in) = 2.0 Fp = 2 passes/4 passes = 0.5The actual, or adjusted, production estimate can then be determined from the following:Q (actual) = 343 Tonnes/hr (378.6 tons/hr) 0.66 0.71 2 0.5 = 161 Tonnes/hr (177.4 tons/hr)Notes on Productivity: Higher speed usually results in lower density achievedper pass. Productivity on uphill slopes may be reduced. Tabulated production estimates assume that 1 pass is used for re-positioning the machine at the beginn ing of the next run.1010-21Pneumatic Tire CompactorsProduction EstimatingThe tables in this section give production estimates for the following assumed conditions:Compacted Layer Thickness Maximum Propelling Speed Passes per Machine Width Compacted Material Density Overlap of Rolling Width Overhang at Lane Edge Cycle Time (2 passes)Hot Mix Asphalt51 mm2 in8 km/h5 mph42486 kg/cm3155 lb/ft3152 mm6 in76 mm3 in120 secondsSoil and Aggregate152 mm6 in8 km/h5 mph42085 kg/cm3130 lb/ft3152 mm6 in76 mm3 in120 secondsCold In-Place Recycled Asphalt203 mm8 in4.8 km/h3 mph62246 kg/cm3140 lb/ft3152 mm6 in76 mm3 in120 seconds10-22Production EstimatingPneumatic Tire CompactorsTable values give representative production rates for common construction widths. If the actual width falls between two assumed widths, use the higher number to estimate production. Minor adjustments can normally be made in the rolling method to reach this higher production: reduce overlap or overhang, increase speed, or increase the cycle time.Hot Mix AsphaltModel CW16CW34Units Tonnes/hrtons/hr Tonnes/hrtons/hr1.8 m 6 ft 195.2 215.1 323.2 356.22.4 m 8 ft 260.2 286.8 239.4 263.9PAVING WIDTH3.0 m3.7 m4.3 m10 ft12 ft14 ft325.3270.2315.3358.6297.9347.5299.3359.1419.0329.9395.9461.84.9 m 16 ft 275.5 303.7 331.5 365.45.5 m 18 ft 310.0 341.7 372.9 411.1Soil and AggregateCW16Tonnes/hrtons/hrCW34Tonnes/hrtons/hrPS360CTonnes/hrtons/hr490.1 540.2 811.6 894.6 882.2 972.4653.4 720.3 601.1 662.7 653.4 720.3816.8 900.4 751.5 828.4 816.8 900.4678.6 748.0 901.8 994.0 980.2 1080.4791.7 872.7 1052.1 1159.7 1143.5 1260.5691.9 762.7 832.4 917.5 904.8 997.3778.4 858.0 936.5 1032.3 1017.9 1122.0Cold In-Place Recycled AsphaltCW16Tonnes/hr288.0384.0480.0394.1459.8399.4449.3tons/hr317.5423.3529.2434.5506.9440.3495.3CW34Tonnes/hr492.1353.3441.6530.0618.3483.5543.9tons/hr542.4389.5486.9584.2681.5533.0600.01010-23Pneumatic Tire CompactorsProduction EstimatingExampleActual Conditions -- A 7.3 m (23'11") (full road width) base aggregate job is being completed with a compacted thickness of 200 mm (8 in). A CW16 is being used, operating at 6.5 km/h (4 mph), and making 6 passes achieve the desired compaction. The roller is overlapping its passes 152 mm (6 in).First, the table does not show production for 7.3 m (23'11") so use the greatest width on the table: 5.5 m (18'1"). The table gives a CW16 productivity of 778.4 Tonnes/hr (858.0 tons/hr) for this paving width. We can expect that the actual productivity for 7.3 m (23'11") will be slightly higher than that. Since the speed, thickness, and passes are different from the assumed conditions, we should adjust this estimate:Speed Thickness PassesAssumed 8 km/h 5 mph 152 mm 6 in4Actual 6.5 km/h 4 mph 200 mm 8 in6Fs = 6.5 km/h/8 km/h (4 mph/5 mph) = 0.8 Ft = 200 mm/152 mm (8 in/6 in) = 1.3 Fp = 4 passes/6 passes = 0.7The estimated production is adjusted using these factors:Q (actual) = 778.4 Tonnes/hr (858.0 tons/hr) 0.8 1.3 0.7 = 567 Tonnes/hr (625 ton/hr)Notes on Productivity: Ballast weight and tire pressure can significantly affectperformance of a pneumatic tire compactor. Refer to machine specifications to choose the best configuration. Productivity on uphill grades and very thick layers (>127 mm, or 5 in) may be reduced due to a neces sary reduction in speed. The 11-tire configuration for the CW16 is designed only for chip-and-seal applications. It is not recom mended in other applications.10-24PIPELAYERSCONTENTS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Drawbar Pull Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-4 Extreme Slope Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-6Features: Hydrostatic transmission on PL61. Planetary power shift transmission on PL72, PL83 and PL87 models. Kick-out helps prevent boom bending as boom approaches near-vertical. Sealed and Lubricated Track. Simplified Controls for all functions including raise, lower, quick-drop and power down, variable range and speed adjustments. Modular design of major components and accessory drive system for simplified repair. Separate, self-energizing brakes for boom and hook winches. Positive track pin retention (PL83 and PL87). Hydraulic Drawworks with two independently driven hydraulic motors for boom and hook winches. 1111-1Pipelayers Drawbar Pull vs. Ground SpeedPL61N 1000 250lb 100055DRAWBAR PULL502004540150353025 1002015501050001234567 mph0246810km/hSPEEDNOTE:Usable pull will depend upon weight and traction of equipped tractor.PL72kg 100040lb 1000 901 80DRAWBAR PULL70 306050 2 204030310 20100001234502468SPEED67 mph10km/hKEY1 -- 1st Gear 2 -- 2nd Gear 3 -- 3rd Gear11-2Drawbar Pull vs. Ground Speed PipelayersDRAWBAR PULLPL83kg lb 1000 1000160 70140 60120 50100 408030 6020 4010 20000012 31234 52468SPEED6 7 8 mph1012 km/hKEY1 -- 1st Gear 2 -- 2nd Gear 3 -- 3rd GearDRAWBAR PULLPL87kg 100070lb 100016060 140120 50100 408030 6020 4010 20000012 3123452468SPEED67 mph10km/hKEY1 -- 1st Gear 2 -- 2nd Gear 3 -- 3rd Gear11 11-3Pipelayers ApplicationPIPELAYER APPLICATION CALCULATIONS:Typical pipelayer applications on flat, firm underfoot conditions PL61laying 8" to 16" pipe PL72laying 16" to 24" pipe PL83laying 24" to 36" pipe PL87laying 36" to 56" pipeDITCH DEPTHLOAD OVERHANGYXSAFESLOPEDITCH WIDTHThe chart above provides general information repre senting typical pipelayer applications. While the fol lowing scenario explores many of the variables involved in pipelaying it does not cover all the possible variables that must be considered by pipelaying contractors.When sizing pipelayers for an application there are many considerations other than the machine's SAE rated lift capacity. These include but are not limited to: pipe diameter and weight per linear foot ditch width and depthditch width is typically 2 pipe diameter ditch depth is typically >2.5 pipe diameter distance from the ditch (safe slope) required by soil stability conditions varies by local ground conditions but typically 2:1 (meaning the pipelayer must be 2 ditch depth from the ditch edge) acceptable distance between pipe lifting points while suspended (to prevent bending)determined by the pipe's bending characteristics. If the lifting points are too far apart a pipe can sag enough due to its own weight that it will damage itself. the operating safety factor desired by the contractor the length of pipe that will need to be suspended whilelaying-in determined by pipe bending characteristics, terrain, etc. ground conditions, road bed preparation11-4Application PipelayersAn important consideration is the necessary load overhang. This is the distance from the center of the pipe to the tractor's left track rail. The load overhang required for an application can be estimated by: load overhang = s afe slope ditch depth + (0.5 ditch width)The pipelayer's rated load capacity at a specific loadoverhang (per ANSI/ASME B30.14) can be found inthe load capacity graphs in this section of the performance handbook. Once the load capacity is determinedthe maximum lift point spacing can be estimated by:max lift point spacing=load capacity at load overhang safety factor pipe weightper linear footThe maximum distance between pipe lift points (based on pipe bending characteristics) may be a shorter dis tance than the maximum spacing between lift points as calculated based on pipelayer load capacity. If this is the case, then in order to avoid damaging the pipe, the shorter distance should be considered to be the maximum distance between pipelayers.As an example, consider a project involving 0.5" wall 24" diameter pipe which has a weight per linear foot of 125.5 lb and the soil has a safe slope of 2. Using the above formulas: the ditch depth would be 3 2 ft = 6 ft deep the ditch width would be 2 2 ft = 4 ft the load overhang would be 2 6 ft + (0.5 4 ft)= 14 ft Using the PL72's lift capacity chart we find that the PL72 has an ANSI rated load capacity of approxi mately 21,250 lb at a 14 ft load overhang. When using rated load numbers it is important to understand that the lift capacity charts are based on SAE and ANSI test procedures that rate pipelayers on level, concrete surfaces. Working on softer underfoot conditions, working on slopes, (and other) can greatly reduce the pipelayer's load capacity. If the contractor employs a safety factor of 2 then the maximum spacing between pipe lift points is:21,250 lb = 84.7 ft2 125.5 lb/ftIt is important to remember that this is the distance between the lift points, not the distance nose-to-tail between pipelayers. For this example, assume that 500 ft of pipe must be suspended during the laying-in process.84.7ft500 ft per pipelayer=5.9 sixwhich means that pipelayers are neededThe number of pipelayers required could also be deter mined by a second method:ft of pipe suspended pipe weight per ft safety factorrated load at overhangIn this case:500ft 125.5 lb/ft 21,250 lb2=5.9 sixwhich again pipelayersimpliesIf, in this same example, soil conditions required a safe slope of 2.33 then the load overhang would have been 16 ft. At this load overhang the 90,000 lb lift pipe layer's rated load capacity is approximately 18,125 lb. Using the equations above, this results in 72.2 ft between lift points which means that seven 90,000 lb lift pipe layers are now necessary. Using the second method:500 ft 125.5 lb/ft 2 6.9 again implying that= seven 90,000 lb lift18,125 lbpipelayers are neededRather than adding another pipelayer, PL83's could 11 be used. At a 16 ft load overhang the PL83 has a rated load capacity of 29,400 lb. This translates to 117.1 ft between lift points. If the pipe's bending characteristics will allow this space between lift points, the job could be done with only five PL83's.11-5Pipelayers Extreme Slope OperationEXTREME SLOPE OPERATIONThe maximum fore and aft grade in static condition on which each track-type tractor or pipelayer will main tain proper lubrication is 45 degrees (100%). Consult Operation & Maintenance Manual (if applicable) for POWERTRAIN fluid level overfill requirements for operation on extreme slopes. Extreme slope operation is anytime the slope exceeds 25° (47%).The ENGINE should never be overfilled with oil. This may lead to rapid overheating. For extreme slope oper ation, engine oil should be maintained at the full mark.NOTE:B oth ENGINE and POWERTRAIN fluid levels should be checked on level ground before work ing sidehills and slopes.When working sidehills and slopes, consideration should be given to the following important points: Speed of travel -- At higher speeds, inertia forces tend to make the tractor less stable. Roughness of terrain or surface -- Ample allowance should be made where the terrain or surface is uneven. Mounted equipment -- Bulldozers, sidebooms, winches, and other mounted equipment cause the tractor to balance differently. Nature of surface -- New earthen fills may give way with the weight of the tractor. Rocky surfaces may pro mote side slipping of tractor. Track slippage due to excessive loads -- This may cause downhill track to "dig in," increasing angle of tractor. Implements hitched to the drawbar -- This may decrease weight on uphill track, e.g., logging arch, two-wheel wagon. Height of hitch on tractor -- When a high drawbar is used the tractor is less stable than with the standard drawbar. Width of shoes -- Wide track shoes tend to decrease "digging in", hence tractor is more stable. Operated equipment -- Be aware of the stability and other performance features of the equipment operated by the tractor. Keep all attachments or pulled loads low to the ground for optimum stability.NOTE:S afe operation on steep slopes may require special machine maintenance as well as excellent o perator skill and proper equipment for the specific application. Consult Operation & Maintenance Manual (if applicable) for proper fluid level requirements.11-6SKID STEER LOADERS/ COMPACT TRACK LOADERSCONTENTS SKID STEER LOADERS/ COMPACT TRACK LOADERSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1Features: The standard demand cooling fan provides improvedfuel efficiency and increased horsepower. Industry leading sealed and pressurized cab option provides a cleaner and quieter operating environment with excellent Work Tool visibility on D3 Series machines. Ergonomically designed cab provides maximum operator comfort and visibility. Low-effort joystick controls, armrest, and retractable seat belt for easy operation. Available high-back, heated, air ride seat with seat mounted adjustable joystick controls and independently adjustable arm bars make the D3 Series machines the industry leaders in operator comfort. Deep skid resistant steps make egress/ingress easy.1212-1Skid Steer Loaders/Compact Track LoadersFeaturesFeatures (continued): Hand and foot throttle for continuous or variableengine speed. Anti-stall feature/Electronic Torque Management provide maximum rimpull and hydraulic power while preventing engine stalling. Direct drive hystat pumps eliminate drive belts for efficient power transfer. Ground level access to all daily service and routine maintenance points helps reduce machine downtime for greater productivity. High performance power train provides maximum performance and production capability on D and D2 Series machines through the Electronic Torque Management system, optional two speed travel and an electronic hand/foot throttle with decel pedal capability. Cat® "Intelligent Leveling" system (ILEV) provides industry leading technology and integration through available features such as dual direction self-level, work tool return to dig and work tool positioner. Speed Sensitive Ride Control option on D3 Series machines improves operation on rough terrain, enabling better load retention, increased productivity, and greater operator comfort. Maximize machine capability and control with the Advanced Display providing on-screen adjustment capability on D3 Series machines for implement response, hystat response, and creep control, multilanguage functionality with customizable layouts, security system, and rearview camera. High performance cooling systems and extended life coolant, along with high performance engine and hydraulic oils, extend service intervals for low operating costs. Deutsch electrical connectors with wires that are color coded, numbered, and protected with nylon braiding. Electro-depositioned or "E" coat corrosion protection for long paint life. High flow XPS hydraulics are optional on most D3 Series models. The XE hydraulic package option on the 272D3 and 299D3 combines the high pressure of XPS with even higher flow for the most demanding hydromechanical work tool applications such as mulching, cold planing, and wheel saw cutting. High flow hydraulics on the 226D3, 232D3, 236D3, 239D3, 242D3, 249D3, 257D3, and 259D3 operate more demanding, rotating work tools such as brooms, cold planers, trenchers, landscape rakes, power rakes, tillers, snow blowers, brush cutters, and stump grinders. Creep Control allows the operator to select the optimal ground speed while maintaining maximum hydraulic flow to the attachment to achieve the best match between machine hydraulics, ground/operating conditions and attachment, especially effective with hydro-mechanical attachment.12-2SURFACE MINING EXTRACTIONDraglines Electric Rope Shovels Hydraulic Mining ShovelsCONTENTSDRAGLINESIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 Safety and Serviceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-1 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-2ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELSIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 Safety and Serviceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 General Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6 Ground Bearing Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-13 Dipper Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14 Truck Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15 Rated Suspended Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15 10/10/20 Load Management Policy . . . . . . . . . . . 13-16HYDRAULIC MINING SHOVELSGeneral Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-17 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-18 Ground Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19 Bucket Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-20 Cycle Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22 Production Overviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-24DRAGLINESINTRODUCTIONDraglines are an important excavating tool used in many surface mining operations worldwide. These highly productive machines operate 24 hours a day, seven days a week and are able to reach depths of 79.8 m (262 ft) with capacities up to 116.2 m3 (152 yd3). Offering the lowest material removal cost per tonne (ton) and an average operating life of 40 years, draglines are the most productive and versatile machine in the industry. Caterpillar offers an extensive variety of dragline specifications and on-staff application engineers who will help determine the solution that best addresses specific needs.With over 100 years of dragline experience and the largest operating fleet of draglines with buckets of 40 m3 (52.3 yd3) and above, coupled with an active installed base of over 300 machines, Cat draglines are the most efficient and proven overburden removal solution.SAFETY AND SERVICEABILITYSafety plays an integral role in everything we do at Caterpillar, from our factory floors to our service centers to our clients' mine sites. Caterpillar's commitment to safety is apparent in our product designs, which undergo risk assessments and are designed to meet strict codes and regulations. Stairways, walkways, platforms and access points are incorporated throughout Cat® draglines to ensure safe and convenient access for maintenance personnel. With safety and serviceability enhancing features 13 incorporated into the operator cab, structures, surfaces and electrical equipment, among others, Cat draglines were designed with safety in mind.Throughout this document, references to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim, EU Stage IIIB, and Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 4 Final/Stage IV/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final, EU Stage V, and Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards.Throughout this document, references to Tier 1/Stage I include U.S. EPA Tier 1 and EU Stage I equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 2, EU Stage II, and Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 3, EU Stage IIIA, and Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent emission standards.13-1Draglines FeaturesFEATURESAC IGBT Electrics Cat draglines are equipped with AC IGBT electricswhich allow for greater machine uptime, lower operating costs, and faster cycle times, with AC providing up to 10% energy savings over the life of the machine. Superior availability: AC IGBT electric draglines have routinely demonstrated electrical availabilities of greater than 95%. Greater reliability: Fewer components including interchangeable inverters. IGBT systems require no fuses or circuit breakers. Reduced maintenance: No regular maintenance is required on IGBT power control modules. Motor maintenance on AC machines is reduced to greasing and replacing bearings every 30,000 hours. Reduced inventory: Hoist, drag, swing, and propel motions are all controlled by AC motors. Cat IGBT is a mine quality system with rugged welded cabinets to withstand harsh mining conditions.Major Structures Cat major structures are designed for extended per-formance in harsh mining conditions. Structures are manufactured using impact-resistant, high-strength steel with select welds of full-penetration, profiled and ground type. All structural welds undergo visual inspection, with critical welds also receiving MT, UT or X-ray inspection. Large furnaces are used to stress-relieve entire weldments for reduced susceptibility to cracking. Interiors of finished structures are painted white to facil itate field inspection.Tri-Structure DesignThe exclusive tri-structure design on Cat draglines reduces front end weight to enable optimization of boom configurations, allowing for increased load and reach. The tri-structure is manufactured with high impact strength steel for a simplified wide flange beam construc tion, and less maintenance points are required in comparison with an A-frame or mast assembly. Inventory stocking needs are reduced as the sheaves are interchangeable with both the fairlead and boom assemblies.Cat CabCat's state-of-the-art operator's cab is the product of a multi-year collaboration between Caterpillar, mining companies and operators. The cab provides industryleading visibility with excellent line of sight supplemented by five optimally-mounted cameras and display screens. It provides enhanced safety through dual access/egress doors and an optimally-placed trainer seat with independent emergency stop. Additionally, the cab offers the smoothest, most comfortable ride available with an ergonomic, adjustable operator's seat with a fully pneumatic suspension system, low-effort joysticks and dual display screens optimized for operator comfort.Custom Design and Aftermarket SupportThe Cat dragline model selection process is grounded in analysis and collaboration with experienced applic at ion engineering professionals and a dragline optim iz ation process to assist in determining the configuration optimally suited for a particular application. Additionally, mechanical and electrical upgrades, and component rebuilds are available to ensure productivity and reliability for the life of the machine. Caterpillar also offers machine relocation and field assembly services supported by experienced industry experts.13-2ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELSCONTENTSELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 Safety and Serviceability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-3 General Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-6 Ground Bearing Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-13 Dipper Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-14 Truck Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15 Rated Suspended Load . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-15 10/10/20 Load Management Policy . . . . . . . . . . . 13-16INTRODUCTIONElectric rope shovels are one of the largest loading tools on the market. They run in a truck-shovel operation with mining trucks in order to move large quantities of material at a low cost per ton. Electric rope shovels are used to mine a variety of minerals including oil sands, coal overburden, copper, gold, iron ore, etc. They operate in extreme climates in tough surface mining applications all over the world. With over 130 years' experience in the rope shovel industry, and an active population of over 225 machines, Cat Electric Rope Shovels are the most efficient and cost effective loading tools available.SAFETY AND SERVICEABILITYSafety plays an integral role in everything we do at Caterpillar, from our factory floors to our service centers to our clients' mine sites. Caterpillar's commitment to safety is apparent in our product designs, which undergo risk assessments and are designed to meet strict codes and regulations.Stairways, walkways, platforms and access points are incorporated throughout Cat Electric Rope Shovels to ensure safe and convenient access for maintenance personnel. With safety and serviceability enhancing features incorporated into the operator cab, structures, and electrical equipment, among others, Cat Electric Rope Shovels were designed with safety in mind.FEATURESAC IGBT ElectricsWith over 40 years of AC experience and over 200 operating AC machines, Bucyrus led the industry in AC electric rope shovels. Caterpillar continues to carry on this proud tradition. Since its launch in 1981, the AC elec tric rope shovel has gained strong industry acceptance, offering: Superior availability: AC IGBT electric rope shovels have routinely demonstrated electrical availabilities of greater than 98%. Greater reliability: Fewer components including inter-changeable inverters. IGBT systems require no fuses or circuit breakers.13 Reduced maintenance: No regular maintenance is required on IGBT power control modules. Motor maintenance on AC machines is reduced to greasing and replacing bearings every 30,000 hours. Durability: Cat IGBT is a mine quality system with rugged unitized construction to withstand harsh mining conditions. Reduced inventory: One IGBT part number is used in multiple locations allowing for decreased component inventory.13-3Electric Rope ShovelsFeaturesMajor StructuresCat major structures are designed for extended performance in harsh mining conditions. Structures are manufactured using cold-weather, impact-resistant, high-strength steel with select welds of full-penetration, profiled and ground type. All structural welds undergo visual inspection, with critical welds also receiving MT, UT or X-ray inspection. Large furnaces are used to stress-relieve entire weldments for reduced susceptibility to cracking. Interiors of finished structures are painted white to facilitate field inspection.Robust Front End DesignThe Cat crowd/retract system design presents many benefits over traditional rack-and-pinions s ystems, including: Fast swing times: The Cat deck-mounted, rather than boom-mounted, crowd machinery greatly reduces front end weight for reduced swing inertia and fast swing times. Elimination of torsional loading: The free-floating tubular handle design allows the Cat handle to rotate under uneven loading, transferring force into the ropes rather than into the boom. Superior visibility: With deck-mounted crowd machinery, Cat machines provide operators with a clear lefthand line of sight for higher visibility and enhanced safety. Efficient digging: Wide-set boom point sheaves stabilize the dipper as it engages the bank for easier and more efficient digging.Cat CabCaterpillar's state-of-the-art operator's cab is the prod uct of a multi-year collaboration between Caterpillar, mining companies and shovel operators. The cab provides industry-leading visibility supplemented by five optimally-mounted cameras and display screens. It provides enhanced safety through dual access/egress doors and an optimally-placed trainer seat with independent emergency stop. Additionally, the cab offers the smoothest, most comfortable ride available with an ergonomic, adjustable operator's seat with a fully pneumatic suspension system, low-effort joysticks and dual display screens optimized for operator comfort.HydraCrowdTMHydraCrowd represents the first new crowd technology developed in the past 70 years. A hydraulic cylinder inside the tubular dipper handle maintains all the b enefits of the Cat front end while eliminating the need for r outine crowd/retract rope replacements. HydraCrowd cuts downtime by reducing the number of maintenance events needed to keep the machine operational. HydraCrowd is controlled with proven Cat IGBT technology and has complete diagnostic and troubleshooting information with step-by-step instructions.LatchFreeTMThe LatchFree Dipper System is Caterpillar's solution to customers' number one cause of downtime -- the traditional latch assembly. The LatchFree dipper eliminates the latch assembly, replacing it with a strong steel link mounted to the dipper back, away from material flow. The system enhances safety by reducing the number of maintenance events required to maintain the system and increases reliability by reducing unplanned downtime. The LatchFree Dipper System comes complete with a comprehensive training program to ensure customers achieve maximum system benefits.FastFilTM Dipper DesignThe unique FastFil dipper provides customers with faster and fuller dipper loads where the application permits. Its trapezoidal shape accommodates the natural configuration of the load, eliminating voids that occur with box-shaped dippers for improved fill factors. The trapezoidal shape also optimizes dipper size and weight for improved maneuverability and faster swing times. Additionally, an adjustable pitch brace allows rake angle changes to improve bank penetration, eliminate bulldozing, and improve productivity. Combined, the FastFil features maximize the fill factor.Operator Assist -- Enhanced Motion ControlThe operator assist -- enhanced motion control system eliminates or reduces the occurrence of crowd over-speeds, crowd impacts, hoist stalls, boom jacking, and swinging while engaged in the bank. This is accomplished by intelligently controlling how motions are allowed to operate under certain conditions. The reduced system stress and equal or better cycle times improve shovel performance and cost per ton. This software is standard on all 7495 Series electric rope shovels.13-4FeaturesElectric Rope ShovelsProduct Link EliteThis sytem boosts connectivity and increases the availability of data provided by the shovel. The onboard hardware enables the shovel to collect and transmit information into locally hosted or cloud-hosted applications such as Cat MineStarTM Solutions Health Office, Health Equipment Insights, Equipment Care Advisor or Vision Link.PTM PayloadLoadcell technology directly measures padlock pin force and dipper accelerations to determine payload, thereby providing real time feedback. It is an improvement over traditional systems, which are quasi-static methods that rely on averaging to estimate dipper force and inertial effects. PTM Payload can calculate material moved, monitor overloading of trucks, and empower operators to study their loading efficiency and shift performance.Cycle SegmentationStandard on new machines, this feature detects the machine operation mode and classifies the severity of those operations (dig, swing to dump, dump, and return to dig). It creates application profiles and composite work cycles based on machine data. The data is stored onboard to provide key performance indicators and operator feedback in real time. It is also transmitted offboard through Product Link Elite for back office applications.Integrated Technology PlatformThis hardware provides the foundation to seamlessly integrate software solutions as well as interface with the MineStarTM product portfolio. It provides a multigenerational building block approach to mature and launch machine-level technology solutions digitally, eliminating future work stoppage for additional hardware installation. It enables deployment of onboard machine technologies that support higher productivity, improved reliability, and increased cyber security. The Technology Controls network provides simple maintenance, troubleshooting and feature upgrades.Integral Fast Propel Transfer SwitchThe Cat integral fast propel transfer switch is a more responsive system that improves mode transfer as much as 75% -- delivering more production hours and reducing service and costs due to downtime.MineStarTM Health MineStarTM Health is an industry-leading technologyoffering that helps maximize equipment availability and reliability. MineStarTM Health keeps you connected to your machines so you can head off small problems while they're still small, run machines as efficiently as possible for as long as possible, and keep unplanned downtime to a minimum.MineStarTM Health products and services enable you to collect and transmit equipment data, monitor critical machine parameters, obtain real-time alerts, analyze operational trends and patterns, predict failures and receive repair recommendations -- assisting you with proactive maintenance services and predictive equipment analysis. MineStarTM TerrainMineStarTM Terrain for loading is a machine guidance system that delivers real-time data in the cab--on everything from bucket positioning and bench height to ore bodies and volume of material cut and filled. That enables every operator to maximize machine efficiency, leading to better material management, more accurate grades and less rework and wear.1313-5Electric Rope ShovelsGeneral Dimensions 7295CL ROTATION CL ROTATIONMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 19 m3 (25 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.18.00 m 18.15 m 11.94 m 12.39 m 7.80 m 17.48 m 14.90 m 0.78 m 10.26 m 8.20 m729559'0" 59'7" 39'2" 40'8" 25"8" 57'4" 48'11" 2'6" 33'8" 26'11"13-6General Dimensions 7395Electric Rope ShovelsMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 24 m3 (32 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.19.51 m739564'0"19.50 m63'11"13.30 m43'8"13.01 m42'8"9.30 m30'8"19.05 m62'6"16.00 m52'4"0.86 m2'10"10.41 m34'2"8.64 m28'4"1313-7Electric Rope ShovelsGeneral Dimensions 7495 HDMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 32 m3 (42 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.20.40 m 20.10 m 13.30 m 13.01 m 9.30 m 19.74 m 15.70 m 0.86 m 10.41 m 8.64 m7495 HD67'0" 65'10" 43'8" 42'8" 30'8" 64'9" 51'8" 2'10" 34'2" 28'4"13-8General Dimensions 7495Electric Rope ShovelsMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 56 m3 (73 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.20.40 m749567'0"20.87 m68'6"14.00 m46'0"13.11 m43'0"9.30 m30'8"19.65 m64'5"17.10 m56'1"0.90 m3'0"11.43 m37'6"10.61 m34'10"1313-9Electric Rope ShovelsGeneral Dimensions 7495 HydraCrowdMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 56 m3 (73 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.7495 HydraCrowd20.40 m67'0"20.87 m68'6"14.00 m46'0"13.11 m43'0"9.30 m30'8"19.65 m64'5"17.10 m56'1"0.90 m3'0"11.43 m37'6"10.61 m34'10"13-10General Dimensions 7495 HFElectric Rope ShovelsMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 45 m3 (59 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.20.40 m7495 HF67'0"20.87 m68'6"14.00 m46'0"13.96 m46'1"9.30 m30'8"19.65 m64'5"17.00 m55'11"0.90 m3'0"11.43 m37'6"10.61 m34'10"1313-11Electric Rope ShovelsGeneral Dimensions 7495 HF HydraCrowdMODELBoom LengthA Height B A-Frame Height C Overall Width D Tail Swing Radius E Clearance Radius F Radius of Level Floor* G Minimum Ground Clearance H Track Length I Operator Eye Level*Dimensions based on 45 m3 (59 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate and will vary depending on dipper size.7495 HF HydraCrowd20.40 m67'0"20.87 m68'6"14.00 m46'0"13.96 m46'1"9.30 m30'8"19.65 m64'5"17.00 m55'11"0.90 m3'0"11.43 m37'6"10.61 m34'10"13-12Ground Bearing PressureElectric Rope ShovelsGROUND BEARING PRESSUREGround bearing pressure, or the amount of weight that can be supported by ground conditions, determines the link width (and occasionally the machine model) that can be used at a mine site. Softer ground conditions require wider links while the softest conditions (i.e. oil sands) require a specific model (7495 HF) which wasdesigned to operate under low ground bearing pressure conditions. A link too narrow for the application may even cause the crawlers to sink into the ground.The chart below lists the link length options for each electric rope shovel model as well as the corresponding minimum ground bearing pressures.MODELStandard Link Length Ground Bearing Pressure Optional Link Length Ground Bearing PressureMODELStandard Link Length Ground Bearing Pressure Optional Link Length Ground Bearing Pressure 1 Based on 19 m3 (25 yd3) dipper. 2 Based on 24 m3 (32 yd3) dipper. 3 Based on 32 m3 (42 yd3) dipper. 4 Based on 56 m3 (73 yd3) dipper. 5 Based on 45 m3 (59 yd3) dipper. Information subject to change. All dimensions are approximate.72951183 cm72"269 kPa 39 psi----73952213 cm84"371 kPa 54 psi274 cm108"276 kPa 43 psi7495 HD3213 cm84"400 kPa 58 psi274 cm108"316 kPa 46 psi74954200 cm79"380 kPa 55 psi259 cm102"297 kPa 43 psi7495 HydraCrowd4200 cm79"382 kPa55 psi259 cm102"298 kPa43 psi7495 HF5318 cm125"247 kPa36 psi----7495 HF HydraCrowd5318 cm125"248 kPa36 psi----1313-13Electric Rope ShovelsDipper SelectionDIPPER SELECTIONSelecting the correct dipper size plays an integral role in maximizing productivity from a truck shovel operation. Optimal dipper size is a function of truck size, material loose density, and fill factor.The first step in calculating dipper size is to determine the machine's optimal payload based on truck size. To calculate this, divide truck payload by three and four (three or four pass even loading is ideal for high productivity). Compare these values to the machine's maximum payload. The machine's optimal payload is the largest value that is less than the maximum payload.For example, consider a mine operating a 7495 shovel (maximum payload = 120 tons) and 797 trucks (payload = 400 tons). 400 ÷ 3 = 133.3 and 400 ÷ 4 = 100. 133.3 can be eliminated as it is greater than the shovel's maximum payload (120 tons). 100 tons is the largest value less than the machine's maximum payload, and therefore, is the machine's optimal payload.Once optimal machine payload is determined, material loose density and fill factor are used to calculate the optimum dipper size. To calculate material loose density, divide insitu (undisturbed material density) by 1 + swell factor.Insitu Material loose density =(1 + swell factor)Once material loose density is calculated, use the equa tion below to find the optimal dipper size. Fill factor is affected by the dipper geometry, rake angle, and material properties, including fragmentation and critical angle of repose. Fill factors are generally between 90% and 115% for efficiently-sized dippers.Optimal machinepayloadOptimal dipper size =× Fill factorMaterial loosedensityFor example: For a mine with the following conditions:Insitu: 2.276 ton/yd³ Swell factor: 35% Fill factor: 95% Optimal machine payload: 100 tons100 tonsOptimal dipper size =× .95 = 62.5 yd³2.276 ÷(1 + 0.35)13-14Truck Match Rated Suspended LoadElectric Rope ShovelsTRUCK MATCHTruck shovel match, or the number of passes necessary to load a truck, has a major impact on an operation'sMODEL 785D 789D 793F 794 AC 795F AC 797F 796 AC 798 AC*Indicates maximum payload.Payload tonne (ton)136 (150) 181 (200) 227 (250) 291 (320) 313 (345) 363 (400) 327 (360) 372 (410)729545 (50) 3 4RATED SUSPENDED LOADRated Suspended Load is the designed maximum load limit for any Cat Electric Rope Shovel (ERS) model/ machine serial number. The maximum load limit is defined as the combined total of Dipper Weight plus Struck Payload Weight. Dipper Weight: Dipper Weight is the combined total dead weights of dipper body, GET, lip and corner shrouds, dipper door, door latch assembly, wear liner packages for body and door, snubbers, pitch braces, padlocks and pins/pin retainers. (Note: Handle weight is NOT included in calculation of Dipper Weight.) Struck Payload Weight: Struck Payload Weight is the live weight of the material in the dipper. This is a calculated payload weight based on the struck volume of the dipper multiplied by the density of the loose material in the dipper.Struck volume of a dipper is the contained interior volume of the dipper from the closed door up to the plane of a straight line from the front edge of the dipper back (top) to a point on the dipper lip (floor) where the teeth are attached.productivity. To optimize productivity, 3 to 4 even pass loading of trucks is ideal. The chart below shows pass match between Cat electric rope shovels and Cat trucks.739564 (70)7495 HD82 (90)7495109* (120*)7495 HF109* (120*)3434334334443344The below values for Rated Suspended Loads (RSL) for Cat Electric Rope Shovels are applicable to s hovels commissioned on or after June 1, 2016. Since Cat Electric Rope Shovels have seen numerous upgrades throughout their history which will affect shovel capability, a Rated Suspended Load (RSL) value based on the specific configuration of each machine is more appropriate for machines manufactured or commissioned prior to that date.ERS MODELRated Suspended Load (RSL)729581 647 kg 180,000 lb7395117 934 kg 260,000 lb7495 HD154 221 kg 340,000 lb7495 with 100 tonnes (110 short tons) Payload185 973 kg 410,000 lb137495 HF with 100 tonnes (110 short tons) Payload185 973 kg 410,000 lb7495 with 109 tonnes (120 short tons) Payload195 045 kg 430,000 lb7495 HF with 109 tonnes (120 short tons) Payload195 045 kg 430,000 lb13-15Electric Rope Shovels10/10/20 Load Management Policy10/10/20 LOAD MANAGEMENT POLICY -- ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS"Machine overload" shall consist of operating the shovel(s) outside of the acceptable allowable load distribution.The customer shall be responsible for the monitoring and management of all shovel operational activities, including, but not limited to, management of the machine loading such that its loaded distribution is within the acceptable allowable load distribution.Operating outside of these parameters over any rolling 30 day period can void the customer's standard warranty; any extended warranty; any availability guarantee and/or result in adjustments to Caterpillar's obligations under any contract or agreement.Loading Distribution Loading use over any rolling 30 Day period analyzed: No more than 10% of loads should exceed 110% of rated payload. No load should exceed 120% of rated payload. The average of all loads for the unit not to exceed the rated payload.Number of Loads Productivity Durability SAFETYKEY 90% of loads should fall into this range. No more than 10% of loads should exceed 110% of the target payload. No loads should be above 120% of the target payload.% of Target Payload Loading use in excess of this prescribed distribution is considered "machine overload." Notes For this policy to be in effect, the "operational cycle"payload feedback must be available to the operator in order that the customer can control actual payloads. Customer must procure, install, and use Caterpillar payload measurement and monitoring systems. Caterpillar must be notified in a timely fashion if the pay load monitoring and feedback system is out of service.13-16HYDRAULIC MINING SHOVELSCONTENTSHYDRAULIC MINING SHOVELS General Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-17 Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-18 Ground Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-19 Bucket Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-20 Cycle Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-22 Production Overviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13-24GENERAL INTRODUCTIONHydraulic Mining Shovels Hydraulic mining shovels are designed to move largevolumes of materials, and the majority are employed in the mining industry for loading large Mining and Off-Highway Trucks. Key design characteristics are high digging forces and quick working cycles for best performance, and a durable design to handle severe working conditions. Hydraulic mining shovels dig and load various commodities, such as gold, copper, iron ore, diamonds and coal, or they remove overburden, in any climatic condition around the world. Typically operated around the clock, Hydraulic Mining Shovels accumulate up to 6500 hours per year.Nomenclature The 6000 Series constitutes the Cat hydraulic miningshovel product line. The name of each individual model gives a direct reference to the size of the machine and consists of a four-digit number.The first digit designates the 6000 Series and is followed by another three digits indicating the approximate bucket payload of that model in metric tonnes. 6015 and 6020B models are only available with a backhoe attachment and buckets while 6030 and larger models are also available with a face shovel attachment.The following table gives a summary of all versions currently available.Backhoe 6015 6020B 6030 6040 6060N/A = Not AvailableFront Shovel N/A N/A 6030 6040 6060Technical SpecificationsAll data given herewith is subject to change. The specalogs/spec sheets for individual models may have been updated after publishing of this Performance Handbook edition.Contact Details If there are any questions or comments regarding theinformation on hydraulic mining shovels given in this chapter please contact:[emailprotected] or [emailprotected]1313-17Hydraulic Mining ShovelsFeaturesTriPower On all face shovel (FS) models, Caterpillar uses aunique boom design, called TriPower, that employs rotatable triangular rockers to generate superior mechan ical leverage and control. This unique Caterpillar design results in: Increased effective lifting force Constant boom momentum Automatic constant bucket angle position in horizontal and vertical direction Automatic roll-back limiterFurthermore, the TriPower system enables Cat hydrau lic front shovels to use smaller-diameter boom cylinders. This benefit results in faster lifting speeds.Superior Oil Cooling System From 6020B up to 6060 the independent oil cool-ing system utilizes dedicated pumps to provide cooling capacity as needed, whether the engine is idling or under load, whereas conventional cooling systems only provide cooling when the engine is under load and the machine is working. Consequently, on these models the hydraulic oil circulates through the cooling system even when the machine is waiting for the next truck. This system provides a more efficient means of cooling, particularly in demanding applications. The radiator fan speed is thermostatically controlled for greater efficiency.Closed-Loop Swing Circuit The Cat closed-loop swing circuit results in fast imple-ment motions during swing. The kinetic energy of the swing motion is used during deceleration to support driving the main and auxiliary pumps. Compared to con ventional open circuit systems, the Cat closed-loop swing circuit is more energy-efficient, generates less heat and delivers faster cycle times.The 6020B includes an open-loop swing circuit due to its newly designed advanced hydraulics. Utilizing dedicated pump flow allocation technology, hydraulic pumps are allocated to individual circuits on demand, allowing all produced oil flow to be translated into cylinder motion, minimizing hydraulic inefficiencies and heat generation. To fully leverage the advantages of this innovative technology, the open-loop swing system was incorporated for its use of a common set of pumps to serve all functions and the flexibility it offers for utilization of hydraulic flow.Simple and Efficient Hydraulic SystemFrom 6020B up to 6060 the main hydraulic valve block is located on top of the boom. This design reduces the total number of hoses that are needed and ensures they are neatly organized for safe operation, easy inspection and fast service. Because float valves are used to lower the boom instead of engaging pumps, the boom moves faster and other operating functions can occur simultaneously, such as bucket curl and stick in/out. This results in faster cycle times.Monitoring and Diagnostic SystemEnhancing diagnostic capabilities and providing detailed troubleshooting functions, the machine control system uses sensors throughout the machine to monitor operating data, record faults, and notify the operator audibly and visually. This promotes the earliest possible detection of faults and allows for timely maintenance planning and assistance for speedy repair.Machine AccessibilitySystems throughout Cat hydraulic mining shovels are designed for easy access, enhancing serviceability. Hydraulic Valve Block -- The valve block is located on the boom where it's cleanly laid out and easily accessed by walkways on both sides. This reduces the number of hoses leading from the superstructure. Superstructure -- Exceptional accessibility is provided to systems like the swing motor, swing gearbox and rotary distributor in the well-organized superstructure. The engine is accessible from three sides on most models.13-18Ground PressuresHydraulic Mining ShovelsGROUND PRESSUREThe ground pressure specifies the specific weight load transferred to the surface, and can be an indicator for the stability against subsidence. Though such conditions typically apply to smaller excavators in heavy earthmoving operations, there could be rare instances where this may apply in mining applications. Nevertheless, the vast majority of hydraulic mining shovels are delivered with standard track shoes.The value is determined by setting the machine weight force in relation to the ground contact area of the tracks.Ground Contact AreaKeys A = Width of standard track shoe B = Track length, idler center to sprocket center C = Overall track length, grouser bar to grouser barTo define the ground contact area on soft ground the following formula is used (ISO 16754):2 × A × (B + (C B) × 0.35)Optional Track Pads In addition to the standard track shoes, optionaltrack pads with different widths are available; however, these optional track pads are only procured on machine orders, and may therefore effect the lead time of the entire hydraulic mining shovel. Furthermore, a front shovel (FS) configured machine equipped with wider track pads increases the risk of track pad damage from bucket strikes.13 13-19Hydraulic Mining ShovelsBucket SelectionBUCKET SELECTIONTo maximize the durability and life expectancy of Hydraulic Mining Shovels, it is important to choose the correct bucket size based on the maximum loose density of the material to be loaded. Different bucket volumes for common material densities are available for most models. A loose density of 1.8 t/m³ (3030 lb/yd³) is considered standard and the respective bucket volume is suitable for the majority of applications. Additional bucket sizes are offered for lighter or heavier materials.Rated Bucket CapacityThe following standards are used to determine the rated bucket capacity:ISO 7451 for backhoe buckets ISO 7546 for face shovel bucketsRated bucket capacity for Hydraulic Mining Shovels is calculated with different bucket tilt angles for backhoe and face shovel buckets. The linkage geometry on backhoe attachments allows for larger bucket tilt angles allowing steaper heaps compared to face shovel buckets. Therefore, the nominal bucket capacity is calculated on backhoe buckets with a heap of 1:1, and on face shovel buckets with a heap of 2:1 as shown in the adjacent example sketch.Nominal Bucket Material Density Ratings and ClassificationEach bucket is classified using a nominal material density value that allows 100% fill factor using a standard configuration e.g. penetration style tips.The following density categories are used:Light Rock Nominal loose density < 1.75 t/m3 Standard Rock 1.95 t/m3 > loose density > 1.75 t/m3 Heavy Rock Nominal loose density > 2.0 t/m3Coal buckets are suitable for material density up to 1.5 t/m³ (2,540 lb./yd³), depending on the configuration.Hydraulic Mining Shovel backhoe and face shovel buckets use two additional descriptions of the wear package; Type and Duty.Abrasion type wear packages use the hardest materials and are for excavated material that causes wear mainly through sliding.Impact type wear packages use hard but tough materials and are for excavated material which is large and blocky in size.The wear package also uses a "Duty" rating using three levels; "Extreme Duty", "Heavy Duty" and "Standard Duty". Extreme Duty wear packages provide the highest thickness and wear resistance but add the most weight to the bucket weight and reduce the available payload. Standard Duty wear packages provide the lowest resistance but add the least amount to the bucket weight.Practical Bucket Capacity The ratio of actual material volume or mass ver-sus theoretical capacity is defined as the fill factor. Depending on the material, level of fragmentation, operating practice and machine setup, the actual fill factor with each pass can be more or less than 100%. An experienced, well-trained operator achieves between 90-95% fill factor in reasonably blasted material.13-20Bucket SelectionHydraulic Mining ShovelsHMS PAYLOAD MANAGEMENT GUIDELINESThe total gross bucket weight and maximum material payload is defined as the Rated Swung Load (RSL). This value is published for each configuration of Hydraulic Mining Shovel. Refer to PEBJ0162 for further information.Nominal Rated Payload is a reference value for a standard configuration with a loose material density of 1.8 t/m3 (3,030 lb/yd3).Field Rated Payload is a specific calculation for a machine configuration including attachment, bucket and GET that can be used for productivity and truck match calculations for a unique customer application.The Payload Management Guidelines allow buckets to be used with higher or lower density materials with varying fill factor results that still comply with the rated material payload and RSL. Rated payloads are published at 100% of allowed weight, even though a bucket can be filled beyond this and Caterpillar does allow up to 110% of Rated Payload on an infrequent basis.Payloads of 80%-100% of Rated Payload result in higher productivity without reducing the life of structures and components. Excessive loads will likely reduce the life of structures and components thereby reducing the economic life of the machine.Payloads from 100%-110% of Rated Payload can reduce life depending on the amount and duration of overloading.Payloads between 100%-110% of Rated Payload should occur on no more than 10% of the loads.The Maximum Allowable Payload is 110% of the Field Rated Payload.1313-21Hydraulic Mining ShovelsCycle TimesCYCLE TIMESThe cycle time of a hydraulic mining shovel is an important productivity factor, and a key driver for high or low performance. There are two main areas that influence cycle times. One factor is the pure technical capability of the hydraulic mining shovel. The engine output and associated hydraulic power defines the maximum available oil flow, which consequently determines the speed of the hydraulic cylinders and swing drives, and ultimately the achievable working speed of the machine. The other factor is site specific parameters, such as operator skill, bench height (in particular for hydraulic front shovels), and swing angle, will impact cycle times considerably. Material fragmentation and penetration resistance make a big difference, as well.Large hydraulic mining shovels are used as the prime mover in most applications. Therefore, the set-up of the loading area is pre-considered to be favorable for productive loading conditions when defining cycle times. Those are for example:For backhoe For face shovelmachines machinesTruck positionlower level same levelAverage swing angle 60°90°90°Bench heightsimilar to75% of max.stick length reach heightA complete working cycle of a hydraulic mining shovel can be separated into four segments: Bucket fill Swing loaded Dump Swing emptyHowever, the bucket fill process constitutes the main fraction of the loading cycle, with a portion between 40% and 50% of the total time. This is heavily influenced by the material parameters, therefore, the different cycle times, shown for each model in the attached diagram, only consider the increasing effort to fill the bucket: Ideal loading conditions -- Loose material, such as dry sand, soil and gravel, or re-handled or tipped material with no effort to achieve a good fill. Bucket can pene trate anywhere in the face or pile without resistance. Average loading conditions -- Soft overburden with low grade of compaction, and well-shot material with good and consistent fragmentation. Operator doesn't have to concentrate on loosening or finding the right spot for penetration. Fair digging conditions -- Shot rock with partially interlocked sections, or compacted overburden, requir ing some effort to loosen the material. Difficult digging conditions -- Inhom*ogeneous shot rock with some oversized boulders and interlocking, or unblasted material. Also free digging applications in sediment type of rock with fractures and layers which allow to penetrate the material. Considerable effort required to break out material. Severe digging conditions -- Poorly shot rock with a large amount of oversized boulders and/or heavily interlocked material in the majority of the face. Also free digging operations with high digging resistance. In those conditions neither cycle times nor bucket fills are predictable.13-22Cycle Times Cycle Time Estimating ChartHydraulic Mining ShovelsCycle Time Estimating Chart36343230Seconds2826242220 60156020BKey Severe digging conditionsDifficult digging conditions60306040606013 NOTE: T he cycle times mentioned above are aguideline under the described application conditions.NOTE: A ctual achievable cycle times depend on site specific conditions.Fair digging conditionsAverage loading conditionsIdeal loading conditions13-23Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction OverviewsPRODUCTION OVERVIEWSAs with any other material loading machine, the productivity of a Hydraulic Mining Shovel depends on various aspects. These influencing factors are either defined by machine specifications, such as bucket capacity, or by application conditions and operator skills, such as bucket fill factor and cycle time. In addition, there are parameters, which fall neither under the hydrauilc mining shovel's physical capabilities, nor can they be controlled by the shovel operator or the set-up of the loading area. The major factors in this category are truck exchange time and overall mine efficiency.The following tables indicate, for a typical hydraulic mining shovel/truck combination, the wide range of productivity figures under various conditions. The overall mine efficiency starts at 83%, which corresponds to 50 minutes per hour. This efficiency is generally achievable only during a short period of time, and could be the relevant factor for a short time production test. However, in the long-run, the overall mine efficiency tends to be in the 65% to 75% range. The grey highlighted area illustrates average productivity figures which can be expected under typical site conditions in well organized mines.Furthermore, the size of the truck, and the required number of passes to load it, has an effect on h ydraulic mining shovel productivity. The larger the truck, the higher the hydraulic mining shovel's productivity will be, because unproductive truck exchange time will be reduced.The figures in the following tables given in t/h (tons/h) means the production per net loading hour and not per service meter units [SMU].13-24Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6015 Bucket Size: 8.1 m³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min21 sec0.35 min1818 t/h 1616 t/h 1454 t/h 1322 t/h 1745 t/h 1551 t/h 1396 t/h 1269 t/h 1636 t/h 1454 t/h 1309 t/h 1190 t/h 1526 t/h 1357 t/h 1221 t/h 1110 t/h 1417 t/h 1259 t/h 1134 t/h 1030 t/h100%14.6 t58 t23 sec25 sec0.38 min1721 t/h 1539 t/h 1392 t/h 1270 t/h 1652 t/h 1478 t/h 1336 t/h 1220 t/h 1549 t/h 1385 t/h 1252 t/h 1143 t/h 1445 t/h 1292 t/h 1169 t/h 1067 t/h 1341 t/h 1200 t/h 1085 t/h 990 t/h0.42 min1607 t/h 1447 t/h 1316 t/h 1207 t/h 1543 t/h 1389 t/h 1264 t/h 1159 t/h 1446 t/h 1302 t/h 1184 t/h 1086 t/h 1349 t/h 1215 t/h 1105 t/h 1013 t/h 1253 t/h 1128 t/h 1026 t/h 941 t/h27 sec0.45 min1531 t/h 1385 t/h 1264 t/h 1163 t/h 1470 t/h 1330 t/h 1214 t/h 1117 t/h 1378 t/h 1246 t/h 1138 t/h 1047 t/h 1285 t/h 1163 t/h 1062 t/h 977 t/h 1193 t/h 1080 t/h 986 t/h 907 t/h21 sec0.35 min1724 t/h 1533 t/h 1380 t/h 1254 t/h 1656 t/h 1472 t/h 1325 t/h 1204 t/h 1552 t/h 1380 t/h 1242 t/h 1129 t/h 1448 t/h 1287 t/h 1158 t/h 1053 t/h 1344 t/h 1195 t/h 1075 t/h 978 t/h95%13.9 t55 t23 sec25 sec0.38 min1633 t/h 1460 t/h 1320 t/h 1205 t/h 1568 t/h 1402 t/h 1268 t/h 1157 t/h 1469 t/h 1314 t/h 1188 t/h 1084 t/h 1371 t/h 1226 t/h 1109 t/h 1012 t/h 1273 t/h 1138 t/h 1029 t/h 939 t/h0.42 min1524 t/h 1373 t/h 1248 t/h 1145 t/h 1464 t/h 1318 t/h 1199 t/h 1099 t/h 1372 t/h 1235 t/h 1124 t/h 1030 t/h 1280 t/h 1153 t/h 1048 t/h 961 t/h 1188 t/h 1070 t/h 973 t/h 892 t/h27 sec0.45 min1452 t/h 1314 t/h 1200 t/h 1104 t/h 1394 t/h 1262 t/h 1152 t/h 1060 t/h 1307 t/h 1182 t/h 1080 t/h 993 t/h 1219 t/h 1103 t/h 1007 t/h 927 t/h 1132 t/h 1024 t/h 935 t/h 860 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket13.1 t12.4 tLoad per Truck52 t50 tCycle Time 21 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.35 min23 sec 0.38 min25 sec 0.42 min27 sec 0.45 min21 sec 0.35 min23 sec 0.38 min25 sec 0.42 min27 sec 0.45 min30 sec0.50 min 1634 t/h 1547 t/h 1444 t/h 1376 t/h 1543 t/h 1461 t/h 1364 t/h 1299 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1452 t/h 1307 t/h1383 t/h 1251 t/h1300 t/h 1183 t/h1245 t/h 1136 t/h1371 t/h 1234 t/h1306 t/h 1181 t/h1228 t/h 1117 t/h1176 t/h 1073 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1188 t/h 1141 t/h 1085 t/h 1046 t/h 1122 t/h 1078 t/h 1024 t/h 987 t/h1330 sec0.50 min 1569 t/h 1485 t/h 1387 t/h 1321 t/h 1482 t/h 1403 t/h 1310 t/h 1248 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1394 t/h 1255 t/h1328 t/h 1201 t/h1249 t/h 1136 t/h1195 t/h 1091 t/h1317 t/h 1185 t/h1254 t/h 1134 t/h1179 t/h 1073 t/h1129 t/h 1031 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1141 t/h 1096 t/h 1041 t/h 1004 t/h 1078 t/h 1035 t/h 984 t/h948 t/h30 sec0.50 min 1470 t/h 1392 t/h 1300 t/h 1238 t/h 1389 t/h 1315 t/h 1228 t/h 1169 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1307 t/h 1176 t/h1245 t/h 1126 t/h1170 t/h 1064 t/h1120 t/h 1023 t/h1234 t/h 1111 t/h1176 t/h 1063 t/h1105 t/h 1005 t/h1058 t/h 966 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1069 t/h 1027 t/h 976 t/h941 t/h 1010 t/h 970 t/h922 t/h889 t/h30 sec0.50 min 1372 t/h 1299 t/h 1213 t/h 1155 t/h 1296 t/h 1227 t/h 1145 t/h 1091 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1219 t/h 1098 t/h1161 t/h 1050 t/h1092 t/h 993 t/h1045 t/h 954 t/h1152 t/h 1037 t/h1097 t/h 992 t/h1031 t/h 938 t/h987 t/h 901 t/h66 sec1.10 min998 t/h959 t/h911 t/h878 t/h942 t/h905 t/h860 t/h829 t/h30 sec0.50 min 1273 t/h 1206 t/h 1126 t/h 1072 t/h 1203 t/h 1139 t/h 1063 t/h 1013 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1132 t/h 1019 t/h1078 t/h 975 t/h1014 t/h 922 t/h970 t/h 886 t/h1069 t/h 962 t/h1018 t/h 921 t/h957 t/h 871 t/h916 t/h 837 t/h66 sec1.10 min926 t/h890 t/h845 t/h815 t/h875 t/h840 t/h799 t/h770 t/h13-25Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6015 Bucket Size: 10.6 yd³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck100% 16.1 tons 64 tons95% 15.3 tons 61 tonsCycle Time 21 sec23 sec25 sec27 sec21 sec23 sec25 sec27 secTruck Exchange0.35 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.35 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min2004 tons/h 1897 tons/h 1771 tons/h 1687 tons/h 1901 tons/h 1800 tons/h 1680 tons/h 1601 tons/h 1781 tons/h 1696 tons/h 1595 tons/h 1527 tons/h 1690 tons/h 1609 tons/h 1513 tons/h 1448 tons/h 1603 tons/h 1534 tons/h 1451 tons/h 1394 tons/h 1521 tons/h 1455 tons/h 1376 tons/h 1322 tons/h 1457 tons/h 1400 tons/h 1330 tons/h 1282 tons/h 1382 tons/h 1328 tons/h 1262 tons/h 1217 tons/h 1924 tons/h 1822 tons/h 1701 tons/h 1620 tons/h 1825 tons/h 1728 tons/h 1614 tons/h 1537 tons/h 1710 tons/h 1629 tons/h 1532 tons/h 1466 tons/h 1622 tons/h 1545 tons/h 1453 tons/h 1391 tons/h 1539 tons/h 1473 tons/h 1393 tons/h 1338 tons/h 1460 tons/h 1397 tons/h 1321 tons/h 1270 tons/h 1399 tons/h 1344 tons/h 1277 tons/h 1231 tons/h 1327 tons/h 1275 tons/h 1212 tons/h 1168 tons/h 1803 tons/h 1707 tons/h 1594 tons/h 1519 tons/h 1711 tons/h 1620 tons/h 1512 tons/h 1441 tons/h 1603 tons/h 1527 tons/h 1435 tons/h 1374 tons/h 1521 tons/h 1448 tons/h 1362 tons/h 1303 tons/h 1443 tons/h 1381 tons/h 1306 tons/h 1254 tons/h 1369 tons/h 1310 tons/h 1239 tons/h 1190 tons/h 1311 tons/h 1260 tons/h 1197 tons/h 1154 tons/h 1244 tons/h 1195 tons/h 1136 tons/h 1095 tons/h 1683 tons/h 1593 tons/h 1487 tons/h 1417 tons/h 1596 tons/h 1511 tons/h 1411 tons/h 1344 tons/h 1496 tons/h 1424 tons/h 1339 tons/h 1282 tons/h 1419 tons/h 1351 tons/h 1271 tons/h 1216 tons/h 1346 tons/h 1288 tons/h 1218 tons/h 1171 tons/h 1277 tons/h 1222 tons/h 1156 tons/h 1110 tons/h 1224 tons/h 1176 tons/h 1117 tons/h 1077 tons/h 1161 tons/h 1115 tons/h 1060 tons/h 1022 tons/h 1562 tons/h 1479 tons/h 1381 tons/h 1315 tons/h 1482 tons/h 1403 tons/h 1310 tons/h 1248 tons/h 1388 tons/h 1322 tons/h 1243 tons/h 1190 tons/h 1317 tons/h 1254 tons/h 1180 tons/h 1129 tons/h 1250 tons/h 1196 tons/h 1131 tons/h 1087 tons/h 1185 tons/h 1134 tons/h 1073 tons/h 1031 tons/h 1136 tons/h 1091 tons/h 1037 tons/h 1000 tons/h 1078 tons/h 1035 tons/h 984 tons/h 948 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 14.5 tons 58 tons85% 13.7 tons 55 tonsCycle Time 21 sec23 sec25 sec27 sec21 sec23 sec25 sec27 secTruck Exchange0.35 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.35 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min1801 tons/h 1705 tons/h 1592 tons/h 1516 tons/h 1701 tons/h 1610 tons/h 1503 tons/h 1432 tons/h 1601 tons/h 1525 tons/h 1433 tons/h 1372 tons/h 1512 tons/h 1440 tons/h 1354 tons/h 1296 tons/h 1441 tons/h 1379 tons/h 1304 tons/h 1253 tons/h 1361 tons/h 1302 tons/h 1231 tons/h 1183 tons/h 1310 tons/h 1258 tons/h 1196 tons/h 1153 tons/h 1237 tons/h 1188 tons/h 1129 tons/h 1089 tons/h 1729 tons/h 1637 tons/h 1529 tons/h 1456 tons/h 1633 tons/h 1546 tons/h 1444 tons/h 1375 tons/h 1537 tons/h 1464 tons/h 1377 tons/h 1318 tons/h 1452 tons/h 1383 tons/h 1300 tons/h 1244 tons/h 1383 tons/h 1324 tons/h 1252 tons/h 1203 tons/h 1307 tons/h 1250 tons/h 1182 tons/h 1136 tons/h 1258 tons/h 1208 tons/h 1148 tons/h 1107 tons/h 1188 tons/h 1141 tons/h 1084 tons/h 1045 tons/h 1621 tons/h 1534 tons/h 1433 tons/h 1365 tons/h 1531 tons/h 1449 tons/h 1353 tons/h 1289 tons/h 1441 tons/h 1372 tons/h 1290 tons/h 1235 tons/h 1361 tons/h 1296 tons/h 1218 tons/h 1166 tons/h 1297 tons/h 1241 tons/h 1173 tons/h 1127 tons/h 1225 tons/h 1172 tons/h 1108 tons/h 1065 tons/h 1179 tons/h 1132 tons/h 1076 tons/h 1037 tons/h 1113 tons/h 1069 tons/h 1016 tons/h 980 tons/h 1512 tons/h 1432 tons/h 1337 tons/h 1273 tons/h 1428 tons/h 1352 tons/h 1263 tons/h 1203 tons/h 1344 tons/h 1280 tons/h 1204 tons/h 1152 tons/h 1270 tons/h 1209 tons/h 1137 tons/h 1088 tons/h 1210 tons/h 1158 tons/h 1095 tons/h 1052 tons/h 1143 tons/h 1093 tons/h 1034 tons/h 994 tons/h 1100 tons/h 1057 tons/h 1004 tons/h 968 tons/h 1039 tons/h 998 tons/h 948 tons/h 914 tons/h 1404 tons/h 1329 tons/h 1241 tons/h 1182 tons/h 1326 tons/h 1255 tons/h 1172 tons/h 1116 tons/h 1248 tons/h 1188 tons/h 1117 tons/h 1070 tons/h 1178 tons/h 1122 tons/h 1055 tons/h 1010 tons/h 1123 tons/h 1075 tons/h 1016 tons/h 977 tons/h 1061 tons/h 1015 tons/h 960 tons/h 922 tons/h 1021 tons/h 981 tons/h 932 tons/h 898 tons/h 964 tons/h 926 tons/h 880 tons/h 849 tons/h13-26Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6020B Bucket Size: 12.0 m³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min23 sec0.38 min2546 t/h 2277 t/h 2059 t/h 1879 t/h 2445 t/h 2186 t/h 1977 t/h 1804 t/h 2291 t/h 2049 t/h 1853 t/h 1691 t/h 2138 t/h 1912 t/h 1729 t/h 1578 t/h 1985 t/h 1775 t/h 1605 t/h 1465 t/h100%21.6 t86 t25 sec27 sec0.42 min2377 t/h 2141 t/h 1947 t/h 1785 t/h 2283 t/h 2056 t/h 1870 t/h 1714 t/h 2139 t/h 1927 t/h 1752 t/h 1607 t/h 1996 t/h 1798 t/h 1635 t/h 1499 t/h 1853 t/h 1669 t/h 1518 t/h 1392 t/h0.45 min2265 t/h 2049 t/h 1871 t/h 1721 t/h 2175 t/h 1967 t/h 1796 t/h 1653 t/h 2038 t/h 1844 t/h 1684 t/h 1549 t/h 1902 t/h 1721 t/h 1571 t/h 1445 t/h 1765 t/h 1597 t/h 1458 t/h 1342 t/h29 sec0.48 min2162 t/h 1965 t/h 1800 t/h 1661 t/h 2076 t/h 1887 t/h 1729 t/h 1595 t/h 1946 t/h 1768 t/h 1620 t/h 1495 t/h 1816 t/h 1650 t/h 1512 t/h 1395 t/h 1685 t/h 1532 t/h 1403 t/h 1295 t/h23 sec0.38 min2419 t/h 2163 t/h 1956 t/h 1785 t/h 2323 t/h 2077 t/h 1878 t/h 1714 t/h 2177 t/h 1946 t/h 1760 t/h 1606 t/h 2031 t/h 1816 t/h 1642 t/h 1499 t/h 1885 t/h 1686 t/h 1525 t/h 1391 t/h95%20.5 t82 t25 sec27 sec0.42 min2258 t/h 2034 t/h 1850 t/h 1696 t/h 2169 t/h 1953 t/h 1776 t/h 1629 t/h 2033 t/h 1830 t/h 1665 t/h 1526 t/h 1896 t/h 1708 t/h 1553 t/h 1424 t/h 1760 t/h 1585 t/h 1442 t/h 1322 t/h0.45 min2151 t/h 1946 t/h 1777 t/h 1635 t/h 2066 t/h 1869 t/h 1707 t/h 1570 t/h 1936 t/h 1752 t/h 1599 t/h 1472 t/h 1807 t/h 1635 t/h 1492 t/h 1373 t/h 1677 t/h 1517 t/h 1385 t/h 1275 t/h29 sec0.48 min2054 t/h 1866 t/h 1710 t/h 1578 t/h 1972 t/h 1792 t/h 1642 t/h 1515 t/h 1849 t/h 1680 t/h 1539 t/h 1420 t/h 1725 t/h 1567 t/h 1436 t/h 1325 t/h 1601 t/h 1455 t/h 1333 t/h 1230 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket19.4 t18.4 tLoad per Truck78 t73 tCycle Time 23 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.38 min25 sec 0.42 min27 sec 0.45 min29 sec 0.48 min23 sec 0.38 min25 sec 0.42 min27 sec 0.45 min29 sec 0.48 min30 sec0.50 min 2291 t/h 2139 t/h 2038 t/h 1946 t/h 2164 t/h 2021 t/h 1925 t/h 1838 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2049 t/h 1853 t/h1927 t/h 1752 t/h1844 t/h 1684 t/h1768 t/h 1620 t/h1935 t/h 1750 t/h1820 t/h 1655 t/h1742 t/h 1590 t/h1670 t/h 1530 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1691 t/h 1607 t/h 1549 t/h 1495 t/h 1597 t/h 1518 t/h 1463 t/h 1412 t/h1330 sec0.50 min 2200 t/h 2054 t/h 1957 t/h 1869 t/h 2078 t/h 1940 t/h 1848 t/h 1765 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1967 t/h 1779 t/h1850 t/h 1683 t/h1771 t/h 1617 t/h1698 t/h 1556 t/h1858 t/h 1680 t/h1747 t/h 1589 t/h1672 t/h 1527 t/h1604 t/h 1469 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1624 t/h 1543 t/h 1487 t/h 1436 t/h 1534 t/h 1457 t/h 1405 t/h 1356 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2062 t/h 1926 t/h 1834 t/h 1751 t/h 1948 t/h 1819 t/h 1732 t/h 1654 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1844 t/h 1668 t/h1734 t/h 1577 t/h1660 t/h 1515 t/h1591 t/h 1458 t/h1742 t/h 1575 t/h1638 t/h 1489 t/h1567 t/h 1431 t/h1503 t/h 1377 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1522 t/h 1446 t/h 1394 t/h 1346 t/h 1437 t/h 1366 t/h 1317 t/h 1271 t/h30 sec0.50 min 1924 t/h 1797 t/h 1712 t/h 1634 t/h 1817 t/h 1697 t/h 1616 t/h 1543 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1721 t/h 1556 t/h1618 t/h 1471 t/h1549 t/h 1414 t/h1485 t/h 1361 t/h1625 t/h 1470 t/h1528 t/h 1390 t/h1463 t/h 1335 t/h1402 t/h 1285 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1420 t/h 1349 t/h 1301 t/h 1256 t/h 1341 t/h 1274 t/h 1229 t/h 1186 t/h30 sec0.50 min 1786 t/h 1668 t/h 1589 t/h 1517 t/h 1687 t/h 1575 t/h 1500 t/h 1433 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min1597 t/h 1444 t/h1502 t/h 1366 t/h1437 t/h 1312 t/h1378 t/h 1263 t/h1508 t/h 1364 t/h1418 t/h 1290 t/h1358 t/h 1240 t/h1302 t/h 1193 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1318 t/h 1253 t/h 1207 t/h 1165 t/h 1245 t/h 1183 t/h 1140 t/h 1101 t/h13-27Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6020B Bucket Size: 15.7 yd³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck100% 23.8 tons 95 tons95% 22.6 tons 90 tonsCycle Time 23 sec25 sec27 sec29 sec23 sec25 sec27 sec29 secTruck Exchange0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.48 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.48 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min2806 tons/h 2620 tons/h 2496 tons/h 2383 tons/h 2666 tons/h 2489 tons/h 2371 tons/h 2264 tons/h 2509 tons/h 2360 tons/h 2259 tons/h 2166 tons/h 2384 tons/h 2242 tons/h 2146 tons/h 2057 tons/h 2269 tons/h 2146 tons/h 2062 tons/h 1984 tons/h 2156 tons/h 2039 tons/h 1959 tons/h 1885 tons/h 2071 tons/h 1968 tons/h 1897 tons/h 1831 tons/h 1968 tons/h 1870 tons/h 1802 tons/h 1740 tons/h 2695 tons/h 2516 tons/h 2397 tons/h 2289 tons/h 2560 tons/h 2390 tons/h 2277 tons/h 2174 tons/h 2410 tons/h 2266 tons/h 2169 tons/h 2080 tons/h 2289 tons/h 2153 tons/h 2060 tons/h 1976 tons/h 2179 tons/h 2061 tons/h 1980 tons/h 1906 tons/h 2070 tons/h 1958 tons/h 1881 tons/h 1810 tons/h 1989 tons/h 1890 tons/h 1822 tons/h 1758 tons/h 1889 tons/h 1795 tons/h 1731 tons/h 1671 tons/h 2526 tons/h 2358 tons/h 2247 tons/h 2145 tons/h 2400 tons/h 2240 tons/h 2134 tons/h 2038 tons/h 2259 tons/h 2124 tons/h 2033 tons/h 1949 tons/h 2146 tons/h 2018 tons/h 1931 tons/h 1852 tons/h 2042 tons/h 1932 tons/h 1856 tons/h 1786 tons/h 1940 tons/h 1835 tons/h 1763 tons/h 1697 tons/h 1864 tons/h 1771 tons/h 1707 tons/h 1648 tons/h 1771 tons/h 1683 tons/h 1622 tons/h 1566 tons/h 2357 tons/h 2201 tons/h 2096 tons/h 2001 tons/h 2239 tons/h 2090 tons/h 1991 tons/h 1901 tons/h 2107 tons/h 1982 tons/h 1897 tons/h 1819 tons/h 2002 tons/h 1882 tons/h 1802 tons/h 1728 tons/h 1906 tons/h 1802 tons/h 1732 tons/h 1666 tons/h 1810 tons/h 1712 tons/h 1645 tons/h 1583 tons/h 1739 tons/h 1653 tons/h 1593 tons/h 1538 tons/h 1652 tons/h 1570 tons/h 1514 tons/h 1461 tons/h 2188 tons/h 2043 tons/h 1946 tons/h 1858 tons/h 2078 tons/h 1941 tons/h 1849 tons/h 1765 tons/h 1956 tons/h 1839 tons/h 1761 tons/h 1688 tons/h 1858 tons/h 1747 tons/h 1673 tons/h 1604 tons/h 1769 tons/h 1673 tons/h 1607 tons/h 1547 tons/h 1681 tons/h 1589 tons/h 1527 tons/h 1470 tons/h 1614 tons/h 1534 tons/h 1479 tons/h 1427 tons/h 1534 tons/h 1457 tons/h 1405 tons/h 1356 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 21.4 tons 86 tons85% 20.2 tons 81 tonsCycle Time 23 sec25 sec27 sec29 sec23 sec25 sec27 sec29 secTruck Exchange0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.48 min 0.38 min 0.42 min 0.45 min 0.48 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min2526 tons/h 2358 tons/h 2247 tons/h 2145 tons/h 2386 tons/h 2227 tons/h 2122 tons/h 2026 tons/h 2259 tons/h 2124 tons/h 2033 tons/h 1949 tons/h 2133 tons/h 2006 tons/h 1920 tons/h 1841 tons/h 2042 tons/h 1932 tons/h 1856 tons/h 1786 tons/h 1929 tons/h 1824 tons/h 1753 tons/h 1687 tons/h 1864 tons/h 1771 tons/h 1707 tons/h 1648 tons/h 1760 tons/h 1673 tons/h 1613 tons/h 1557 tons/h 2425 tons/h 2265 tons/h 2157 tons/h 2060 tons/h 2291 tons/h 2139 tons/h 2037 tons/h 1945 tons/h 2169 tons/h 2039 tons/h 1952 tons/h 1872 tons/h 2048 tons/h 1926 tons/h 1843 tons/h 1768 tons/h 1961 tons/h 1855 tons/h 1782 tons/h 1715 tons/h 1852 tons/h 1752 tons/h 1683 tons/h 1620 tons/h 1790 tons/h 1701 tons/h 1640 tons/h 1583 tons/h 1690 tons/h 1606 tons/h 1548 tons/h 1495 tons/h 2273 tons/h 2123 tons/h 2022 tons/h 1931 tons/h 2147 tons/h 2005 tons/h 1910 tons/h 1823 tons/h 2033 tons/h 1911 tons/h 1829 tons/h 1754 tons/h 1920 tons/h 1805 tons/h 1728 tons/h 1657 tons/h 1838 tons/h 1738 tons/h 1670 tons/h 1607 tons/h 1736 tons/h 1642 tons/h 1578 tons/h 1518 tons/h 1678 tons/h 1594 tons/h 1537 tons/h 1483 tons/h 1584 tons/h 1506 tons/h 1451 tons/h 1401 tons/h 2121 tons/h 1980 tons/h 1887 tons/h 1801 tons/h 2003 tons/h 1870 tons/h 1782 tons/h 1701 tons/h 1897 tons/h 1783 tons/h 1707 tons/h 1637 tons/h 1791 tons/h 1684 tons/h 1612 tons/h 1546 tons/h 1715 tons/h 1622 tons/h 1559 tons/h 1500 tons/h 1620 tons/h 1532 tons/h 1472 tons/h 1417 tons/h 1565 tons/h 1487 tons/h 1434 tons/h 1384 tons/h 1478 tons/h 1405 tons/h 1354 tons/h 1307 tons/h 1969 tons/h 1838 tons/h 1751 tons/h 1672 tons/h 1860 tons/h 1736 tons/h 1654 tons/h 1579 tons/h 1761 tons/h 1655 tons/h 1585 tons/h 1519 tons/h 1663 tons/h 1563 tons/h 1496 tons/h 1435 tons/h 1592 tons/h 1506 tons/h 1447 tons/h 1392 tons/h 1504 tons/h 1422 tons/h 1366 tons/h 1315 tons/h 1453 tons/h 1381 tons/h 1331 tons/h 1285 tons/h 1372 tons/h 1304 tons/h 1257 tons/h 1213 tons/h13-28Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6030 with Backhoe attachment Bucket Size: 17.0 m³ Number of Cycles: 5 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min24 sec0.40 min3544 t/h 3242 t/h 2988 t/h 2771 t/h 3403 t/h 3113 t/h 2869 t/h 2661 t/h 3190 t/h 2918 t/h 2689 t/h 2494 t/h 2976 t/h 2723 t/h 2509 t/h 2327 t/h 2763 t/h 2527 t/h 2329 t/h 2160 t/h100% 30.6 t 153 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min 0.47 min3357 t/h 3085 t/h 2854 t/h 2655 t/h 3223 t/h 2962 t/h 2740 t/h 2549 t/h 3021 t/h 2776 t/h 2568 t/h 2389 t/h 2819 t/h 2590 t/h 2396 t/h 2229 t/h 2617 t/h 2405 t/h 2225 t/h 2069 t/h3136 t/h 2897 t/h 2692 t/h 2515 t/h 3011 t/h 2782 t/h 2585 t/h 2415 t/h 2822 t/h 2607 t/h 2423 t/h 2263 t/h 2633 t/h 2433 t/h 2261 t/h 2112 t/h 2444 t/h 2258 t/h 2099 t/h 1960 t/h30 sec0.50 min2988 t/h 2771 t/h 2583 t/h 2419 t/h 2869 t/h 2661 t/h 2480 t/h 2323 t/h 2689 t/h 2494 t/h 2325 t/h 2177 t/h 2509 t/h 2327 t/h 2169 t/h 2031 t/h 2329 t/h 2160 t/h 2013 t/h 1886 t/h24 sec0.40 min3367 t/h 3080 t/h 2839 t/h 2632 t/h 3233 t/h 2958 t/h 2726 t/h 2528 t/h 3030 t/h 2772 t/h 2555 t/h 2369 t/h 2827 t/h 2587 t/h 2384 t/h 2210 t/h 2624 t/h 2401 t/h 2213 t/h 2052 t/h95% 29.1 t 145 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min 0.47 min3189 t/h 2931 t/h 2711 t/h 2522 t/h 3062 t/h 2814 t/h 2603 t/h 2422 t/h 2870 t/h 2637 t/h 2440 t/h 2270 t/h 2678 t/h 2461 t/h 2277 t/h 2118 t/h 2486 t/h 2284 t/h 2113 t/h 1966 t/h2979 t/h 2752 t/h 2558 t/h 2389 t/h 2860 t/h 2643 t/h 2456 t/h 2294 t/h 2681 t/h 2477 t/h 2302 t/h 2150 t/h 2501 t/h 2311 t/h 2148 t/h 2006 t/h 2322 t/h 2145 t/h 1994 t/h 1862 t/h30 sec0.50 min2839 t/h 2632 t/h 2454 t/h 2298 t/h 2726 t/h 2528 t/h 2356 t/h 2207 t/h 2555 t/h 2369 t/h 2208 t/h 2068 t/h 2384 t/h 2210 t/h 2061 t/h 1930 t/h 2213 t/h 2052 t/h 1913 t/h 1791 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket27.5 t26.0 tLoad per Truck138 t130 tCycle Time 24 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min24 sec 0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min30 sec0.50 min 3190 t/h 3021 t/h 2822 t/h 2689 t/h 3012 t/h 2853 t/h 2665 t/h 2540 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2918 t/h 2689 t/h2776 t/h 2568 t/h2607 t/h 2423 t/h2494 t/h 2325 t/h2756 t/h 2540 t/h2622 t/h 2426 t/h2463 t/h 2289 t/h2355 t/h 2195 t/h1366 sec1.10 min 2494 t/h 2389 t/h 2263 t/h 2177 t/h 2355 t/h 2257 t/h 2137 t/h 2056 t/h30 sec0.50 min 3063 t/h 2901 t/h 2710 t/h 2582 t/h 2893 t/h 2740 t/h 2559 t/h 2439 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2802 t/h 2582 t/h2666 t/h 2466 t/h2504 t/h 2327 t/h2394 t/h 2232 t/h2646 t/h 2439 t/h2518 t/h 2329 t/h2365 t/h 2198 t/h2261 t/h 2108 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2394 t/h 2294 t/h 2173 t/h 2090 t/h 2261 t/h 2167 t/h 2052 t/h 1974 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2871 t/h 2719 t/h 2540 t/h 2420 t/h 2711 t/h 2568 t/h 2399 t/h 2286 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2626 t/h 2420 t/h2499 t/h 2312 t/h2347 t/h 2181 t/h2244 t/h 2092 t/h2480 t/h 2286 t/h2360 t/h 2183 t/h2216 t/h 2060 t/h2120 t/h 1976 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2244 t/h 2150 t/h 2037 t/h 1959 t/h 2120 t/h 2031 t/h 1924 t/h 1850 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2678 t/h 2537 t/h 2370 t/h 2258 t/h 2530 t/h 2396 t/h 2238 t/h 2133 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2450 t/h 2258 t/h2331 t/h 2157 t/h2190 t/h 2035 t/h2094 t/h 1952 t/h2314 t/h 2133 t/h2202 t/h 2037 t/h2068 t/h 1922 t/h1978 t/h 1844 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2094 t/h 2006 t/h 1901 t/h 1828 t/h 1978 t/h 1895 t/h 1795 t/h 1727 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2486 t/h 2355 t/h 2200 t/h 2096 t/h 2348 t/h 2224 t/h 2078 t/h 1980 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2275 t/h 2096 t/h2164 t/h 2002 t/h2033 t/h 1889 t/h1944 t/h 1812 t/h2148 t/h 1980 t/h2044 t/h 1891 t/h1920 t/h 1784 t/h1836 t/h 1711 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1944 t/h 1863 t/h 1764 t/h 1697 t/h 1836 t/h 1759 t/h 1666 t/h 1603 t/h13-29Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6030 with Backhoe attachment Bucket Size: 22.2 yd³ Number of Cycles: 5 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per Bucket100% 33.7 tons95% 32.1 tonsLoad per Truck169 tons160 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min3906 tons/h 3700 tons/h 3456 tons/h 3294 tons/h 3715 tons/h 3519 tons/h 3287 tons/h 3132 tons/h 3574 tons/h 3400 tons/h 3194 tons/h 3054 tons/h 3399 tons/h 3234 tons/h 3037 tons/h 2904 tons/h 3294 tons/h 3146 tons/h 2968 tons/h 2847 tons/h 3132 tons/h 2991 tons/h 2822 tons/h 2708 tons/h 3054 tons/h 2926 tons/h 2772 tons/h 2666 tons/h 2904 tons/h 2783 tons/h 2636 tons/h 2536 tons/h 3751 tons/h 3553 tons/h 3319 tons/h 3163 tons/h 3567 tons/h 3379 tons/h 3156 tons/h 3008 tons/h 3432 tons/h 3265 tons/h 3067 tons/h 2933 tons/h 3264 tons/h 3105 tons/h 2916 tons/h 2789 tons/h 3163 tons/h 3021 tons/h 2850 tons/h 2734 tons/h 3008 tons/h 2873 tons/h 2710 tons/h 2600 tons/h 2933 tons/h 2810 tons/h 2662 tons/h 2560 tons/h 2789 tons/h 2672 tons/h 2531 tons/h 2435 tons/h 3516 tons/h 3330 tons/h 3111 tons/h 2964 tons/h 3343 tons/h 3167 tons/h 2958 tons/h 2819 tons/h 3217 tons/h 3060 tons/h 2874 tons/h 2749 tons/h 3059 tons/h 2910 tons/h 2733 tons/h 2614 tons/h 2964 tons/h 2831 tons/h 2671 tons/h 2562 tons/h 2819 tons/h 2692 tons/h 2540 tons/h 2437 tons/h 2749 tons/h 2634 tons/h 2495 tons/h 2400 tons/h 2614 tons/h 2505 tons/h 2372 tons/h 2282 tons/h 3281 tons/h 3107 tons/h 2903 tons/h 2766 tons/h 3120 tons/h 2955 tons/h 2760 tons/h 2630 tons/h 3001 tons/h 2856 tons/h 2682 tons/h 2565 tons/h 2854 tons/h 2716 tons/h 2550 tons/h 2439 tons/h 2766 tons/h 2642 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2391 tons/h 2630 tons/h 2512 tons/h 2370 tons/h 2274 tons/h 2565 tons/h 2458 tons/h 2328 tons/h 2239 tons/h 2439 tons/h 2337 tons/h 2214 tons/h 2129 tons/h 3045 tons/h 2884 tons/h 2694 tons/h 2568 tons/h 2896 tons/h 2743 tons/h 2562 tons/h 2442 tons/h 2786 tons/h 2651 tons/h 2489 tons/h 2381 tons/h 2649 tons/h 2521 tons/h 2367 tons/h 2264 tons/h 2568 tons/h 2452 tons/h 2313 tons/h 2219 tons/h 2442 tons/h 2332 tons/h 2200 tons/h 2111 tons/h 2381 tons/h 2281 tons/h 2161 tons/h 2078 tons/h 2264 tons/h 2169 tons/h 2055 tons/h 1977 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 30.3 tons 152 tons85% 28.7 tons 143 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min3511 tons/h 3325 tons/h 3106 tons/h 2960 tons/h 3319 tons/h 3144 tons/h 2937 tons/h 2799 tons/h 3212 tons/h 3056 tons/h 2870 tons/h 2745 tons/h 3037 tons/h 2889 tons/h 2713 tons/h 2595 tons/h 2960 tons/h 2827 tons/h 2667 tons/h 2559 tons/h 2799 tons/h 2673 tons/h 2522 tons/h 2419 tons/h 2745 tons/h 2630 tons/h 2491 tons/h 2396 tons/h 2595 tons/h 2487 tons/h 2355 tons/h 2266 tons/h 3371 tons/h 3193 tons/h 2983 tons/h 2842 tons/h 3187 tons/h 3019 tons/h 2820 tons/h 2687 tons/h 3084 tons/h 2934 tons/h 2756 tons/h 2636 tons/h 2916 tons/h 2774 tons/h 2606 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2842 tons/h 2715 tons/h 2561 tons/h 2457 tons/h 2687 tons/h 2567 tons/h 2421 tons/h 2323 tons/h 2636 tons/h 2525 tons/h 2392 tons/h 2301 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2388 tons/h 2262 tons/h 2175 tons/h 3160 tons/h 2993 tons/h 2796 tons/h 2664 tons/h 2987 tons/h 2829 tons/h 2643 tons/h 2519 tons/h 2891 tons/h 2750 tons/h 2583 tons/h 2470 tons/h 2733 tons/h 2600 tons/h 2442 tons/h 2336 tons/h 2664 tons/h 2544 tons/h 2400 tons/h 2303 tons/h 2519 tons/h 2406 tons/h 2270 tons/h 2177 tons/h 2470 tons/h 2367 tons/h 2242 tons/h 2157 tons/h 2336 tons/h 2238 tons/h 2120 tons/h 2039 tons/h 2948 tons/h 2792 tons/h 2608 tons/h 2486 tons/h 2787 tons/h 2640 tons/h 2466 tons/h 2350 tons/h 2697 tons/h 2566 tons/h 2410 tons/h 2305 tons/h 2550 tons/h 2426 tons/h 2279 tons/h 2179 tons/h 2486 tons/h 2374 tons/h 2240 tons/h 2149 tons/h 2350 tons/h 2245 tons/h 2118 tons/h 2031 tons/h 2305 tons/h 2209 tons/h 2092 tons/h 2012 tons/h 2179 tons/h 2088 tons/h 1978 tons/h 1902 tons/h 2737 tons/h 2592 tons/h 2421 tons/h 2307 tons/h 2587 tons/h 2451 tons/h 2289 tons/h 2182 tons/h 2504 tons/h 2382 tons/h 2237 tons/h 2140 tons/h 2367 tons/h 2252 tons/h 2115 tons/h 2023 tons/h 2307 tons/h 2204 tons/h 2079 tons/h 1995 tons/h 2182 tons/h 2083 tons/h 1966 tons/h 1886 tons/h 2140 tons/h 2050 tons/h 1942 tons/h 1868 tons/h 2023 tons/h 1938 tons/h 1836 tons/h 1766 tons/h13-30Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6030 with Face Shovel attachment Bucket Size: 16.5 m³ Number of Cycles: 5 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min24 sec0.40 min3440 t/h 3147 t/h 2900 t/h 2689 t/h 3303 t/h 3022 t/h 2785 t/h 2582 t/h 3096 t/h 2832 t/h 2610 t/h 2420 t/h 2888 t/h 2643 t/h 2435 t/h 2258 t/h 2681 t/h 2453 t/h 2261 t/h 2096 t/h100% 29.7 t 149 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min 0.47 min3258 t/h 2994 t/h 2770 t/h 2577 t/h 3128 t/h 2875 t/h 2660 t/h 2474 t/h 2932 t/h 2695 t/h 2493 t/h 2319 t/h 2736 t/h 2514 t/h 2326 t/h 2164 t/h 2540 t/h 2334 t/h 2159 t/h 2009 t/h3043 t/h 2812 t/h 2613 t/h 2441 t/h 2922 t/h 2700 t/h 2509 t/h 2344 t/h 2739 t/h 2531 t/h 2352 t/h 2197 t/h 2556 t/h 2361 t/h 2194 t/h 2050 t/h 2372 t/h 2192 t/h 2037 t/h 1903 t/h30 sec0.50 min2900 t/h 2689 t/h 2507 t/h 2348 t/h 2785 t/h 2582 t/h 2407 t/h 2254 t/h 2610 t/h 2420 t/h 2256 t/h 2113 t/h 2435 t/h 2258 t/h 2105 t/h 1972 t/h 2261 t/h 2096 t/h 1954 t/h 1830 t/h24 sec0.40 min3266 t/h 2988 t/h 2754 t/h 2553 t/h 3136 t/h 2869 t/h 2644 t/h 2452 t/h 2939 t/h 2689 t/h 2478 t/h 2298 t/h 2743 t/h 2509 t/h 2312 t/h 2144 t/h 2546 t/h 2329 t/h 2147 t/h 1990 t/h95% 28.2 t 141 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min 0.47 min3093 t/h 2843 t/h 2630 t/h 2447 t/h 2970 t/h 2730 t/h 2525 t/h 2349 t/h 2784 t/h 2559 t/h 2367 t/h 2202 t/h 2598 t/h 2387 t/h 2208 t/h 2055 t/h 2411 t/h 2216 t/h 2050 t/h 1907 t/h2890 t/h 2670 t/h 2481 t/h 2317 t/h 2775 t/h 2564 t/h 2383 t/h 2225 t/h 2601 t/h 2403 t/h 2233 t/h 2086 t/h 2427 t/h 2242 t/h 2084 t/h 1946 t/h 2253 t/h 2081 t/h 1934 t/h 1806 t/h30 sec0.50 min2754 t/h 2553 t/h 2380 t/h 2229 t/h 2644 t/h 2452 t/h 2286 t/h 2141 t/h 2478 t/h 2298 t/h 2142 t/h 2006 t/h 2312 t/h 2144 t/h 1999 t/h 1872 t/h 2147 t/h 1990 t/h 1855 t/h 1738 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket26.7 t25.2 tLoad per Truck134 t126 tCycle Time 24 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min24 sec 0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min30 sec0.50 min 3092 t/h 2929 t/h 2736 t/h 2607 t/h 2919 t/h 2764 t/h 2582 t/h 2461 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2829 t/h 2607 t/h2692 t/h 2490 t/h2528 t/h 2349 t/h2418 t/h 2254 t/h2670 t/h 2461 t/h2540 t/h 2350 t/h2386 t/h 2217 t/h2282 t/h 2127 t/h1366 sec1.10 min 2418 t/h 2316 t/h 2194 t/h 2111 t/h 2282 t/h 2186 t/h 2071 t/h 1992 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2969 t/h 2812 t/h 2627 t/h 2504 t/h 2802 t/h 2654 t/h 2480 t/h 2363 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2717 t/h 2504 t/h2585 t/h 2391 t/h2427 t/h 2256 t/h2321 t/h 2164 t/h2564 t/h 2363 t/h2439 t/h 2257 t/h2291 t/h 2129 t/h2191 t/h 2042 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2321 t/h 2224 t/h 2107 t/h 2027 t/h 2191 t/h 2099 t/h 1989 t/h 1913 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2783 t/h 2636 t/h 2462 t/h 2346 t/h 2627 t/h 2488 t/h 2324 t/h 2215 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2546 t/h 2346 t/h2422 t/h 2241 t/h2275 t/h 2114 t/h2176 t/h 2028 t/h2403 t/h 2215 t/h2286 t/h 2115 t/h2147 t/h 1996 t/h2054 t/h 1914 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2176 t/h 2085 t/h 1975 t/h 1900 t/h 2054 t/h 1968 t/h 1864 t/h 1793 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2597 t/h 2459 t/h 2298 t/h 2189 t/h 2451 t/h 2321 t/h 2168 t/h 2066 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2376 t/h 2189 t/h2260 t/h 2091 t/h2123 t/h 1973 t/h2030 t/h 1893 t/h2242 t/h 2066 t/h2133 t/h 1974 t/h2004 t/h 1862 t/h1916 t/h 1786 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2030 t/h 1945 t/h 1843 t/h 1772 t/h 1916 t/h 1836 t/h 1739 t/h 1673 t/h30 sec0.50 min 2410 t/h 2283 t/h 2133 t/h 2032 t/h 2275 t/h 2155 t/h 2013 t/h 1918 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2205 t/h 2032 t/h2098 t/h 1941 t/h1971 t/h 1831 t/h1885 t/h 1757 t/h2081 t/h 1918 t/h1980 t/h 1832 t/h1860 t/h 1728 t/h1779 t/h 1658 t/h66 sec1.10 min 1885 t/h 1806 t/h 1710 t/h 1645 t/h 1779 t/h 1704 t/h 1614 t/h 1553 t/h13-31Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6030 with Face Shovel attachment Bucket Size: 21.6 yd³ Number of Cycles: 5 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per Bucket100% 32.7 tons95% 31.1 tonsLoad per Truck164 tons155 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min3792 tons/h 3591 tons/h 3355 tons/h 3197 tons/h 3600 tons/h 3410 tons/h 3185 tons/h 3035 tons/h 3469 tons/h 3300 tons/h 3100 tons/h 2964 tons/h 3294 tons/h 3134 tons/h 2943 tons/h 2815 tons/h 3197 tons/h 3053 tons/h 2881 tons/h 2763 tons/h 3035 tons/h 2899 tons/h 2735 tons/h 2624 tons/h 2964 tons/h 2840 tons/h 2690 tons/h 2588 tons/h 2815 tons/h 2697 tons/h 2555 tons/h 2457 tons/h 3641 tons/h 3448 tons/h 3221 tons/h 3070 tons/h 3457 tons/h 3274 tons/h 3059 tons/h 2915 tons/h 3331 tons/h 3169 tons/h 2976 tons/h 2846 tons/h 3163 tons/h 3009 tons/h 2826 tons/h 2703 tons/h 3070 tons/h 2932 tons/h 2766 tons/h 2653 tons/h 2915 tons/h 2784 tons/h 2626 tons/h 2519 tons/h 2846 tons/h 2727 tons/h 2583 tons/h 2485 tons/h 2703 tons/h 2590 tons/h 2453 tons/h 2360 tons/h 3412 tons/h 3232 tons/h 3019 tons/h 2877 tons/h 3240 tons/h 3069 tons/h 2867 tons/h 2732 tons/h 3122 tons/h 2970 tons/h 2790 tons/h 2668 tons/h 2964 tons/h 2820 tons/h 2649 tons/h 2533 tons/h 2877 tons/h 2748 tons/h 2592 tons/h 2487 tons/h 2732 tons/h 2609 tons/h 2462 tons/h 2361 tons/h 2668 tons/h 2556 tons/h 2421 tons/h 2329 tons/h 2533 tons/h 2427 tons/h 2299 tons/h 2211 tons/h 3184 tons/h 3016 tons/h 2817 tons/h 2685 tons/h 3023 tons/h 2863 tons/h 2675 tons/h 2549 tons/h 2913 tons/h 2772 tons/h 2603 tons/h 2489 tons/h 2766 tons/h 2632 tons/h 2471 tons/h 2364 tons/h 2685 tons/h 2564 tons/h 2419 tons/h 2321 tons/h 2549 tons/h 2434 tons/h 2297 tons/h 2203 tons/h 2489 tons/h 2385 tons/h 2259 tons/h 2173 tons/h 2364 tons/h 2265 tons/h 2145 tons/h 2063 tons/h 2956 tons/h 2799 tons/h 2615 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2806 tons/h 2658 tons/h 2483 tons/h 2366 tons/h 2704 tons/h 2573 tons/h 2416 tons/h 2311 tons/h 2568 tons/h 2443 tons/h 2294 tons/h 2194 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2380 tons/h 2245 tons/h 2154 tons/h 2366 tons/h 2260 tons/h 2132 tons/h 2045 tons/h 2311 tons/h 2214 tons/h 2097 tons/h 2017 tons/h 2194 tons/h 2102 tons/h 1991 tons/h 1915 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 29.4 tons 147 tons85% 27.8 tons 139 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min3409 tons/h 3228 tons/h 3016 tons/h 2874 tons/h 3217 tons/h 3047 tons/h 2846 tons/h 2712 tons/h 3119 tons/h 2967 tons/h 2786 tons/h 2665 tons/h 2943 tons/h 2800 tons/h 2630 tons/h 2515 tons/h 2874 tons/h 2745 tons/h 2590 tons/h 2484 tons/h 2712 tons/h 2591 tons/h 2444 tons/h 2345 tons/h 2665 tons/h 2553 tons/h 2419 tons/h 2327 tons/h 2515 tons/h 2410 tons/h 2283 tons/h 2196 tons/h 3273 tons/h 3100 tons/h 2896 tons/h 2760 tons/h 3089 tons/h 2926 tons/h 2733 tons/h 2605 tons/h 2995 tons/h 2849 tons/h 2676 tons/h 2559 tons/h 2826 tons/h 2689 tons/h 2525 tons/h 2415 tons/h 2760 tons/h 2636 tons/h 2487 tons/h 2385 tons/h 2605 tons/h 2488 tons/h 2347 tons/h 2251 tons/h 2559 tons/h 2452 tons/h 2322 tons/h 2234 tons/h 2415 tons/h 2314 tons/h 2192 tons/h 2109 tons/h 3068 tons/h 2906 tons/h 2714 tons/h 2587 tons/h 2895 tons/h 2742 tons/h 2562 tons/h 2441 tons/h 2807 tons/h 2670 tons/h 2508 tons/h 2398 tons/h 2649 tons/h 2520 tons/h 2367 tons/h 2264 tons/h 2587 tons/h 2470 tons/h 2331 tons/h 2236 tons/h 2441 tons/h 2331 tons/h 2200 tons/h 2110 tons/h 2398 tons/h 2298 tons/h 2177 tons/h 2094 tons/h 2264 tons/h 2169 tons/h 2054 tons/h 1976 tons/h 2862 tons/h 2711 tons/h 2533 tons/h 2413 tons/h 2702 tons/h 2559 tons/h 2390 tons/h 2278 tons/h 2619 tons/h 2492 tons/h 2340 tons/h 2238 tons/h 2472 tons/h 2352 tons/h 2209 tons/h 2112 tons/h 2413 tons/h 2305 tons/h 2175 tons/h 2086 tons/h 2278 tons/h 2175 tons/h 2052 tons/h 1969 tons/h 2238 tons/h 2144 tons/h 2031 tons/h 1954 tons/h 2112 tons/h 2024 tons/h 1917 tons/h 1844 tons/h 2657 tons/h 2517 tons/h 2351 tons/h 2240 tons/h 2508 tons/h 2375 tons/h 2219 tons/h 2114 tons/h 2431 tons/h 2313 tons/h 2172 tons/h 2077 tons/h 2294 tons/h 2183 tons/h 2050 tons/h 1961 tons/h 2240 tons/h 2140 tons/h 2019 tons/h 1937 tons/h 2114 tons/h 2019 tons/h 1905 tons/h 1828 tons/h 2077 tons/h 1990 tons/h 1885 tons/h 1814 tons/h 1961 tons/h 1879 tons/h 1779 tons/h 1712 tons/h13-32Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6040 Bucket Size: 22.0 m³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min24 sec0.40 min4508 t/h 4045 t/h 3669 t/h 3357 t/h 4328 t/h 3884 t/h 3523 t/h 3223 t/h 4057 t/h 3641 t/h 3302 t/h 3021 t/h 3785 t/h 3397 t/h 3081 t/h 2819 t/h 3514 t/h 3153 t/h 2860 t/h 2617 t/h100%39.6 t158 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min4287 t/h 3867 t/h 3522 t/h 3233 t/h 4117 t/h 3713 t/h 3382 t/h 3104 t/h 3858 t/h 3480 t/h 3169 t/h 2910 t/h 3600 t/h 3247 t/h 2957 t/h 2715 t/h 3342 t/h 3014 t/h 2745 t/h 2520 t/h0.47 min4025 t/h 3652 t/h 3343 t/h 3081 t/h 3865 t/h 3507 t/h 3210 t/h 2959 t/h 3622 t/h 3287 t/h 3008 t/h 2773 t/h 3380 t/h 3067 t/h 2807 t/h 2588 t/h 3137 t/h 2847 t/h 2606 t/h 2402 t/h30 sec0.50 min3848 t/h 3506 t/h 3220 t/h 2977 t/h 3695 t/h 3367 t/h 3092 t/h 2858 t/h 3463 t/h 3155 t/h 2898 t/h 2679 t/h 3231 t/h 2944 t/h 2704 t/h 2500 t/h 3000 t/h 2733 t/h 2510 t/h 2320 t/h24 sec0.40 min4280 t/h 3841 t/h 3484 t/h 3187 t/h 4110 t/h 3688 t/h 3345 t/h 3060 t/h 3852 t/h 3457 t/h 3135 t/h 2868 t/h 3594 t/h 3226 t/h 2925 t/h 2676 t/h 3336 t/h 2994 t/h 2716 t/h 2484 t/h95%37.6 t150 t26 sec28 sec0.43 min4071 t/h 3672 t/h 3344 t/h 3070 t/h 3909 t/h 3526 t/h 3211 t/h 2948 t/h 3664 t/h 3304 t/h 3009 t/h 2763 t/h 3418 t/h 3083 t/h 2808 t/h 2578 t/h 3173 t/h 2862 t/h 2606 t/h 2393 t/h0.47 min3821 t/h 3468 t/h 3174 t/h 2926 t/h 3669 t/h 3330 t/h 3048 t/h 2809 t/h 3439 t/h 3121 t/h 2856 t/h 2633 t/h 3209 t/h 2912 t/h 2665 t/h 2457 t/h 2979 t/h 2703 t/h 2474 t/h 2281 t/h30 sec0.50 min3654 t/h 3329 t/h 3057 t/h 2826 t/h 3508 t/h 3197 t/h 2936 t/h 2714 t/h 3288 t/h 2996 t/h 2751 t/h 2544 t/h 3068 t/h 2795 t/h 2567 t/h 2373 t/h 2848 t/h 2595 t/h 2383 t/h 2203 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket35.6 t33.7 tLoad per Truck142 t135 tCycle Time 24 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min24 sec 0.40 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min30 sec0.50 min 4052 t/h 3854 t/h 3618 t/h 3459 t/h 3836 t/h 3648 t/h 3425 t/h 3275 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min3637 t/h 3298 t/h3476 t/h 3166 t/h3283 t/h 3005 t/h3152 t/h 2894 t/h3443 t/h 3122 t/h3291 t/h 2997 t/h3108 t/h 2845 t/h2984 t/h 2740 t/h66 sec1.10 min 3018 t/h 2906 t/h 2770 t/h 2676 t/h 2857 t/h 2751 t/h 2622 t/h 2533 t/h1330 sec0.50 min 3891 t/h 3701 t/h 3474 t/h 3322 t/h 3684 t/h 3503 t/h 3289 t/h 3144 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min3492 t/h 3167 t/h3338 t/h 3040 t/h3153 t/h 2885 t/h3026 t/h 2779 t/h3306 t/h 2998 t/h3160 t/h 2878 t/h2984 t/h 2731 t/h2865 t/h 2631 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2898 t/h 2791 t/h 2660 t/h 2570 t/h 2743 t/h 2642 t/h 2518 t/h 2433 t/h30 sec0.50 min 3647 t/h 3469 t/h 3256 t/h 3113 t/h 3452 t/h 3284 t/h 3083 t/h 2947 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min3273 t/h 2969 t/h3129 t/h 2849 t/h2955 t/h 2704 t/h2837 t/h 2605 t/h3098 t/h 2810 t/h2962 t/h 2697 t/h2797 t/h 2560 t/h2685 t/h 2466 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2716 t/h 2616 t/h 2493 t/h 2408 t/h 2571 t/h 2476 t/h 2360 t/h 2280 t/h30 sec0.50 min 3403 t/h 3237 t/h 3038 t/h 2905 t/h 3221 t/h 3064 t/h 2876 t/h 2750 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min3054 t/h 2770 t/h2919 t/h 2659 t/h2757 t/h 2523 t/h2647 t/h 2431 t/h2891 t/h 2622 t/h2763 t/h 2517 t/h2610 t/h 2389 t/h2505 t/h 2301 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2534 t/h 2441 t/h 2326 t/h 2247 t/h 2399 t/h 2310 t/h 2202 t/h 2127 t/h30 sec0.50 min 3159 t/h 3004 t/h 2820 t/h 2697 t/h 2990 t/h 2844 t/h 2670 t/h 2553 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min2835 t/h 2571 t/h2710 t/h 2468 t/h2559 t/h 2342 t/h2457 t/h 2256 t/h2684 t/h 2434 t/h2565 t/h 2336 t/h2423 t/h 2217 t/h2326 t/h 2136 t/h66 sec1.10 min 2352 t/h 2266 t/h 2159 t/h 2086 t/h 2227 t/h 2145 t/h 2044 t/h 1975 t/h13-33Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6040 Bucket Size: 28.8 yd³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck100% 43.7 tons 175 tons95% 41.4 tons 166 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min4969 tons/h 4726 tons/h 4436 tons/h 4242 tons/h 4718 tons/h 4487 tons/h 4212 tons/h 4027 tons/h 4459 tons/h 4262 tons/h 4026 tons/h 3865 tons/h 4234 tons/h 4047 tons/h 3822 tons/h 3669 tons/h 4044 tons/h 3882 tons/h 3684 tons/h 3549 tons/h 3840 tons/h 3686 tons/h 3498 tons/h 3370 tons/h 3700 tons/h 3564 tons/h 3397 tons/h 3281 tons/h 3513 tons/h 3384 tons/h 3225 tons/h 3116 tons/h 4771 tons/h 4538 tons/h 4260 tons/h 4073 tons/h 4530 tons/h 4309 tons/h 4045 tons/h 3867 tons/h 4282 tons/h 4093 tons/h 3866 tons/h 3711 tons/h 4066 tons/h 3886 tons/h 3670 tons/h 3524 tons/h 3884 tons/h 3728 tons/h 3538 tons/h 3408 tons/h 3687 tons/h 3539 tons/h 3359 tons/h 3236 tons/h 3553 tons/h 3422 tons/h 3262 tons/h 3151 tons/h 3374 tons/h 3249 tons/h 3097 tons/h 2992 tons/h 4472 tons/h 4253 tons/h 3993 tons/h 3817 tons/h 4246 tons/h 4038 tons/h 3791 tons/h 3625 tons/h 4013 tons/h 3836 tons/h 3623 tons/h 3478 tons/h 3811 tons/h 3642 tons/h 3440 tons/h 3302 tons/h 3640 tons/h 3494 tons/h 3316 tons/h 3194 tons/h 3456 tons/h 3317 tons/h 3149 tons/h 3033 tons/h 3330 tons/h 3207 tons/h 3057 tons/h 2953 tons/h 3162 tons/h 3045 tons/h 2903 tons/h 2804 tons/h 4173 tons/h 3968 tons/h 3726 tons/h 3562 tons/h 3962 tons/h 3768 tons/h 3537 tons/h 3382 tons/h 3745 tons/h 3579 tons/h 3381 tons/h 3245 tons/h 3556 tons/h 3399 tons/h 3210 tons/h 3081 tons/h 3396 tons/h 3260 tons/h 3094 tons/h 2980 tons/h 3225 tons/h 3095 tons/h 2938 tons/h 2830 tons/h 3107 tons/h 2993 tons/h 2852 tons/h 2755 tons/h 2950 tons/h 2841 tons/h 2708 tons/h 2616 tons/h 3873 tons/h 3684 tons/h 3458 tons/h 3306 tons/h 3678 tons/h 3498 tons/h 3284 tons/h 3139 tons/h 3476 tons/h 3323 tons/h 3138 tons/h 3013 tons/h 3300 tons/h 3155 tons/h 2980 tons/h 2860 tons/h 3153 tons/h 3026 tons/h 2872 tons/h 2767 tons/h 2993 tons/h 2873 tons/h 2727 tons/h 2627 tons/h 2884 tons/h 2778 tons/h 2648 tons/h 2558 tons/h 2739 tons/h 2638 tons/h 2514 tons/h 2429 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 39.2 tons 157 tons85% 37.1 tons 149 tonsCycle Time 24 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec24 sec26 sec28 sec30 secTruck Exchange0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.40 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min4467 tons/h 4248 tons/h 3988 tons/h 3813 tons/h 4228 tons/h 4022 tons/h 3775 tons/h 3610 tons/h 4009 tons/h 3832 tons/h 3619 tons/h 3474 tons/h 3795 tons/h 3627 tons/h 3426 tons/h 3289 tons/h 3636 tons/h 3490 tons/h 3312 tons/h 3191 tons/h 3442 tons/h 3304 tons/h 3136 tons/h 3020 tons/h 3326 tons/h 3204 tons/h 3054 tons/h 2950 tons/h 3149 tons/h 3033 tons/h 2891 tons/h 2792 tons/h 4289 tons/h 4079 tons/h 3830 tons/h 3662 tons/h 4060 tons/h 3862 tons/h 3625 tons/h 3466 tons/h 3849 tons/h 3680 tons/h 3475 tons/h 3336 tons/h 3644 tons/h 3483 tons/h 3290 tons/h 3158 tons/h 3491 tons/h 3351 tons/h 3181 tons/h 3064 tons/h 3305 tons/h 3172 tons/h 3011 tons/h 2900 tons/h 3194 tons/h 3076 tons/h 2932 tons/h 2833 tons/h 3024 tons/h 2912 tons/h 2776 tons/h 2681 tons/h 4020 tons/h 3824 tons/h 3589 tons/h 3432 tons/h 3806 tons/h 3619 tons/h 3398 tons/h 3249 tons/h 3608 tons/h 3449 tons/h 3257 tons/h 3127 tons/h 3415 tons/h 3265 tons/h 3083 tons/h 2960 tons/h 3272 tons/h 3141 tons/h 2981 tons/h 2872 tons/h 3098 tons/h 2973 tons/h 2822 tons/h 2718 tons/h 2994 tons/h 2883 tons/h 2748 tons/h 2655 tons/h 2834 tons/h 2729 tons/h 2602 tons/h 2513 tons/h 3751 tons/h 3568 tons/h 3349 tons/h 3202 tons/h 3551 tons/h 3377 tons/h 3170 tons/h 3031 tons/h 3366 tons/h 3218 tons/h 3039 tons/h 2918 tons/h 3187 tons/h 3046 tons/h 2877 tons/h 2762 tons/h 3053 tons/h 2931 tons/h 2782 tons/h 2679 tons/h 2890 tons/h 2774 tons/h 2633 tons/h 2536 tons/h 2793 tons/h 2690 tons/h 2564 tons/h 2477 tons/h 2644 tons/h 2547 tons/h 2427 tons/h 2345 tons/h 3482 tons/h 3312 tons/h 3109 tons/h 2972 tons/h 3296 tons/h 3135 tons/h 2943 tons/h 2814 tons/h 3125 tons/h 2987 tons/h 2821 tons/h 2708 tons/h 2958 tons/h 2828 tons/h 2671 tons/h 2564 tons/h 2834 tons/h 2720 tons/h 2582 tons/h 2487 tons/h 2683 tons/h 2575 tons/h 2444 tons/h 2354 tons/h 2593 tons/h 2497 tons/h 2380 tons/h 2299 tons/h 2455 tons/h 2364 tons/h 2253 tons/h 2177 tons/h13-34Production Overviews Metric UnitsHydraulic Mining ShovelsMODEL: 6060 Bucket Size: 34.0 m³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 1.80 t/m³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per TruckCycle TimeTruck Exchange30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min26 sec0.43 min6626 t/h 5976 t/h 5442 t/h 4996 t/h 6362 t/h 5738 t/h 5226 t/h 4798 t/h 5963 t/h 5378 t/h 4898 t/h 4497 t/h 5564 t/h 5018 t/h 4570 t/h 4196 t/h 5165 t/h 4658 t/h 4242 t/h 3895 t/h100%61.2 t245 t28 sec30 sec0.47 min6220 t/h 5644 t/h 5166 t/h 4762 t/h 5973 t/h 5420 t/h 4960 t/h 4573 t/h 5598 t/h 5080 t/h 4649 t/h 4286 t/h 5223 t/h 4740 t/h 4338 t/h 3999 t/h 4849 t/h 4400 t/h 4027 t/h 3712 t/h0.50 min5947 t/h 5418 t/h 4976 t/h 4600 t/h 5710 t/h 5203 t/h 4778 t/h 4417 t/h 5352 t/h 4876 t/h 4478 t/h 4140 t/h 4994 t/h 4550 t/h 4179 t/h 3863 t/h 4636 t/h 4224 t/h 3879 t/h 3586 t/h32 sec0.53 min5697 t/h 5210 t/h 4800 t/h 4449 t/h 5470 t/h 5003 t/h 4609 t/h 4272 t/h 5127 t/h 4689 t/h 4320 t/h 4004 t/h 4784 t/h 4375 t/h 4031 t/h 3736 t/h 4441 t/h 4061 t/h 3741 t/h 3468 t/h26 sec0.43 min6290 t/h 5673 t/h 5167 t/h 4743 t/h 6040 t/h 5448 t/h 4961 t/h 4555 t/h 5661 t/h 5106 t/h 4650 t/h 4269 t/h 5282 t/h 4764 t/h 4339 t/h 3983 t/h 4903 t/h 4422 t/h 4028 t/h 3697 t/h95%58.1 t232 t28 sec30 sec0.47 min5905 t/h 5358 t/h 4904 t/h 4521 t/h 5670 t/h 5145 t/h 4709 t/h 4341 t/h 5314 t/h 4822 t/h 4414 t/h 4069 t/h 4959 t/h 4500 t/h 4118 t/h 3796 t/h 4603 t/h 4177 t/h 3823 t/h 3524 t/h0.50 min5646 t/h 5144 t/h 4724 t/h 4367 t/h 5421 t/h 4939 t/h 4536 t/h 4194 t/h 5081 t/h 4629 t/h 4251 t/h 3931 t/h 4741 t/h 4320 t/h 3967 t/h 3668 t/h 4401 t/h 4010 t/h 3682 t/h 3404 t/h32 sec0.53 min5408 t/h 4946 t/h 4557 t/h 4224 t/h 5193 t/h 4749 t/h 4375 t/h 4056 t/h 4867 t/h 4451 t/h 4101 t/h 3802 t/h 4542 t/h 4153 t/h 3826 t/h 3547 t/h 4216 t/h 3855 t/h 3552 t/h 3293 t/hBucket Fill Factor90%85%Load per Bucket55.1 t52.0 tLoad per Truck220 t208 tCycle Time 26 secOverall MineEfficiency Truck Exchange0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min32 sec 0.53 min26 sec 0.43 min28 sec 0.47 min30 sec 0.50 min32 sec 0.53 min30 sec0.50 min 5965 t/h 5600 t/h 5354 t/h 5129 t/h 5630 t/h 5285 t/h 5053 t/h 4840 t/h83% = maximum 50 min/hour42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min5380 t/h 4900 t/h5081 t/h 4651 t/h4878 t/h 4480 t/h4691 t/h 4321 t/h5078 t/h 4624 t/h4796 t/h 4389 t/h4604 t/h 4228 t/h4427 t/h 4078 t/h66 sec1.10 min 4498 t/h 4287 t/h 4142 t/h 4006 t/h 4245 t/h 4046 t/h 3909 t/h 3780 t/h1330 sec0.50 min 5728 t/h 5377 t/h 5141 t/h 4925 t/h 5406 t/h 5075 t/h 4852 t/h 4648 t/h80%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min5166 t/h 4705 t/h4879 t/h 4466 t/h4684 t/h 4302 t/h4504 t/h 4149 t/h4876 t/h 4440 t/h4605 t/h 4215 t/h4421 t/h 4060 t/h4251 t/h 3916 t/h66 sec1.10 min 4319 t/h 4117 t/h 3977 t/h 3847 t/h 4076 t/h 3885 t/h 3753 t/h 3630 t/h30 sec0.50 min 5369 t/h 5040 t/h 4819 t/h 4616 t/h 5067 t/h 4756 t/h 4548 t/h 4356 t/h75%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min4842 t/h 4410 t/h4573 t/h 4186 t/h4390 t/h 4032 t/h4222 t/h 3889 t/h4570 t/h 4162 t/h4316 t/h 3950 t/h4143 t/h 3805 t/h3984 t/h 3670 t/h66 sec1.10 min 4048 t/h 3859 t/h 3728 t/h 3605 t/h 3821 t/h 3642 t/h 3518 t/h 3402 t/h30 sec0.50 min 5009 t/h 4703 t/h 4496 t/h 4307 t/h 4727 t/h 4438 t/h 4243 t/h 4065 t/h70%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min4518 t/h 4115 t/h4267 t/h 3906 t/h4097 t/h 3762 t/h3939 t/h 3629 t/h4264 t/h 3883 t/h4027 t/h 3686 t/h3866 t/h 3550 t/h3717 t/h 3425 t/h66 sec1.10 min 3778 t/h 3600 t/h 3478 t/h 3364 t/h 3565 t/h 3398 t/h 3282 t/h 3175 t/h30 sec0.50 min 4650 t/h 4365 t/h 4174 t/h 3998 t/h 4388 t/h 4120 t/h 3939 t/h 3773 t/h65%42 sec 54 sec0.70 min 0.90 min4194 t/h 3820 t/h3961 t/h 3625 t/h3803 t/h 3492 t/h3656 t/h 3368 t/h3958 t/h 3605 t/h3738 t/h 3421 t/h3589 t/h 3296 t/h3451 t/h 3179 t/h66 sec1.10 min 3507 t/h 3342 t/h 3229 t/h 3123 t/h 3309 t/h 3154 t/h 3047 t/h 2947 t/h13-35Hydraulic Mining ShovelsProduction Overviews Imperial UnitsMODEL: 6060 Bucket Size: 44.5 yd³ Number of Cycles: 4 Material Density: 3030 lb/yd³Overall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck100% 67.5 tons 270 tons95% 64.0 tons 256 tonsCycle Time 26 sec28 sec30 sec32 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec32 secTruck Exchange0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.53 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.53 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min7303 tons/h 6856 tons/h 6555 tons/h 6280 tons/h 6933 tons/h 6509 tons/h 6223 tons/h 5962 tons/h 6587 tons/h 6221 tons/h 5973 tons/h 5743 tons/h 6254 tons/h 5906 tons/h 5670 tons/h 5452 tons/h 5999 tons/h 5694 tons/h 5485 tons/h 5291 tons/h 5695 tons/h 5406 tons/h 5207 tons/h 5023 tons/h 5508 tons/h 5249 tons/h 5071 tons/h 4904 tons/h 5229 tons/h 4983 tons/h 4814 tons/h 4656 tons/h 7013 tons/h 6584 tons/h 6295 tons/h 6030 tons/h 6658 tons/h 6250 tons/h 5976 tons/h 5724 tons/h 6326 tons/h 5974 tons/h 5735 tons/h 5515 tons/h 6005 tons/h 5671 tons/h 5445 tons/h 5235 tons/h 5761 tons/h 5468 tons/h 5267 tons/h 5080 tons/h 5469 tons/h 5191 tons/h 5000 tons/h 4823 tons/h 5289 tons/h 5041 tons/h 4869 tons/h 4709 tons/h 5021 tons/h 4785 tons/h 4623 tons/h 4471 tons/h 6573 tons/h 6171 tons/h 5900 tons/h 5652 tons/h 6240 tons/h 5858 tons/h 5601 tons/h 5365 tons/h 5929 tons/h 5599 tons/h 5375 tons/h 5169 tons/h 5628 tons/h 5316 tons/h 5103 tons/h 4907 tons/h 5399 tons/h 5125 tons/h 4937 tons/h 4762 tons/h 5126 tons/h 4865 tons/h 4686 tons/h 4520 tons/h 4957 tons/h 4724 tons/h 4564 tons/h 4414 tons/h 4706 tons/h 4485 tons/h 4333 tons/h 4190 tons/h 6133 tons/h 5758 tons/h 5505 tons/h 5273 tons/h 5822 tons/h 5466 tons/h 5226 tons/h 5006 tons/h 5532 tons/h 5225 tons/h 5016 tons/h 4823 tons/h 5252 tons/h 4960 tons/h 4761 tons/h 4578 tons/h 5038 tons/h 4782 tons/h 4606 tons/h 4443 tons/h 4783 tons/h 4540 tons/h 4373 tons/h 4218 tons/h 4625 tons/h 4408 tons/h 4258 tons/h 4119 tons/h 4391 tons/h 4185 tons/h 4043 tons/h 3910 tons/h 5693 tons/h 5345 tons/h 5110 tons/h 4895 tons/h 5405 tons/h 5074 tons/h 4851 tons/h 4647 tons/h 5135 tons/h 4850 tons/h 4656 tons/h 4477 tons/h 4875 tons/h 4604 tons/h 4420 tons/h 4250 tons/h 4677 tons/h 4439 tons/h 4276 tons/h 4124 tons/h 4440 tons/h 4214 tons/h 4059 tons/h 3915 tons/h 4293 tons/h 4092 tons/h 3953 tons/h 3823 tons/h 4076 tons/h 3885 tons/h 3753 tons/h 3629 tons/hOverall Mine Efficiency 83% = maximum 50 min/hour80%75%70%65%Bucket Fill Factor Load per BucketLoad per Truck90% 60.7 tons 243 tons85% 57.3 tons 229 tonsCycle Time 26 sec28 sec30 sec32 sec26 sec28 sec30 sec32 secTruck Exchange0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.53 min 0.43 min 0.47 min 0.50 min 0.53 min30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec 30 sec 42 sec 54 sec 66 sec0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min 0.50 min 0.70 min 0.90 min 1.10 min6575 tons/h 6173 tons/h 5902 tons/h 5654 tons/h 6206 tons/h 5826 tons/h 5570 tons/h 5336 tons/h 5931 tons/h 5601 tons/h 5377 tons/h 5170 tons/h 5597 tons/h 5286 tons/h 5075 tons/h 4880 tons/h 5401 tons/h 5127 tons/h 4938 tons/h 4763 tons/h 5097 tons/h 4838 tons/h 4660 tons/h 4495 tons/h 4959 tons/h 4726 tons/h 4566 tons/h 4416 tons/h 4680 tons/h 4460 tons/h 4309 tons/h 4167 tons/h 6314 tons/h 5927 tons/h 5667 tons/h 5429 tons/h 5959 tons/h 5594 tons/h 5348 tons/h 5123 tons/h 5695 tons/h 5379 tons/h 5163 tons/h 4965 tons/h 5375 tons/h 5076 tons/h 4873 tons/h 4686 tons/h 5187 tons/h 4923 tons/h 4742 tons/h 4574 tons/h 4895 tons/h 4646 tons/h 4475 tons/h 4317 tons/h 4761 tons/h 4538 tons/h 4384 tons/h 4240 tons/h 4494 tons/h 4283 tons/h 4137 tons/h 4002 tons/h 5918 tons/h 5556 tons/h 5312 tons/h 5088 tons/h 5585 tons/h 5243 tons/h 5013 tons/h 4802 tons/h 5338 tons/h 5041 tons/h 4840 tons/h 4653 tons/h 5037 tons/h 4758 tons/h 4567 tons/h 4392 tons/h 4861 tons/h 4614 tons/h 4444 tons/h 4287 tons/h 4588 tons/h 4354 tons/h 4194 tons/h 4046 tons/h 4463 tons/h 4254 tons/h 4109 tons/h 3974 tons/h 4212 tons/h 4014 tons/h 3878 tons/h 3750 tons/h 5522 tons/h 5184 tons/h 4956 tons/h 4748 tons/h 5211 tons/h 4892 tons/h 4677 tons/h 4481 tons/h 4980 tons/h 4704 tons/h 4516 tons/h 4342 tons/h 4700 tons/h 4439 tons/h 4262 tons/h 4098 tons/h 4536 tons/h 4305 tons/h 4147 tons/h 4000 tons/h 4281 tons/h 4063 tons/h 3914 tons/h 3775 tons/h 4164 tons/h 3969 tons/h 3834 tons/h 3708 tons/h 3930 tons/h 3746 tons/h 3618 tons/h 3499 tons/h 5126 tons/h 4812 tons/h 4601 tons/h 4407 tons/h 4837 tons/h 4541 tons/h 4342 tons/h 4159 tons/h 4623 tons/h 4366 tons/h 4192 tons/h 4030 tons/h 4363 tons/h 4121 tons/h 3956 tons/h 3804 tons/h 4210 tons/h 3996 tons/h 3850 tons/h 3713 tons/h 3974 tons/h 3771 tons/h 3633 tons/h 3504 tons/h 3865 tons/h 3684 tons/h 3559 tons/h 3442 tons/h 3648 tons/h 3477 tons/h 3359 tons/h 3248 tons/h13-36TELESCOPIC HANDLERSCONTENTS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14-1Features: Intuitive control layout enables efficient and comfort-able operation. Hydraulic system enables the use of work tools requiring both intermittent and continuous auxiliary hydraulic flows. Range of lift heights and load capacities from 2500 kg (5,500 lb) to 5443 kg (12,000 lb) capacity and 5.6 m (18'4") to 17.3 m (56'9") lift height. Cat® Telehandlers offer extended reach to easily enable material to be delivered to high elevations or placed over onsite obstacles.14 14-1Telescopic Handlers FeaturesFeatures (continued): Three steering modes and tight turning circles allow simplified movement onsite and therefore increased productivity. Cat Telehandlers have engine options which either meet U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final emission standards, EU Stage V emission standards, or U.S. EPA Tier 3/ Stage IIIA equivalent emission standards. Three transmissions options are available on telehandlers. The TH255 is fitted with a hydrostatic transmission. The TL and TH construction range are fitted with 4-speed powershift transmissions. The high horsepower TH Ag Handler range is fitted with a 6-speed powershift transmission. Three types of quick couplers are offered on the various telehandler models. The TH255C is fitted with a skid-steer loader style universal coupler. The TL and TH lines of telehandlers offer hydraulic and manual style IT interface couplers which provide excellent work tool compatibility with older models of telehandlers and other products (for example Backhoe Loaders and Small Wheel Loaders). Hydraulic Options On all product models single auxiliary service is standard and Hydraulic quick coupler is an option (not considered a separate hydraulic service). For the TH357, TH408, and TH3510 models, Continuous Flow is a standard feature, with Dual or Secondary Auxiliary Hydraulic service as an option. These options allow maximum work tool utilization. Daily maintenance consists of only a walkaround inspection, all major components and service points are located at ground level, providing excellent ease of service.14-2CONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-2 Extreme Slope Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-4 SAE Loader Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-5Estimating Cycle Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-6 Bucket Fill Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7 Recommended Operating Capacities . . . . . . . . . 15-7 Loader Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-7 Estimating Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-8 Alternative Machine Selection Method . . . . . . . 15-8 Production and Machine Selection: Nomographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-9 Travel Time Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-11 Production Estimating Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-12 Work Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-13 Shoe Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15-15TRACK LOADERS15 15-1Track Loaders FeaturesFeatures of 953-963:One Machine, Many Jobs Track loader power, traction and agility mean you can use one machine and one operator to do everything from clearing the site to installing utilities and finishing around buildings. FusionTM Quick Coupler option lets you make fast attachment changes with a wide range of tools like forks, buckets, etc. from wheel loaders and other Fusion compatible machines. Bucket/tooth, undercarriage, track shoe and attachment choices help you equip your machine for optimal performance in your applications. Purpose-built Waste Handler, Ship Hold and Low Ground Pressure (LGP) configurations stand up to the toughest tasks.Easy to Operate Updated cab offers more comfort and an intuitive 254 mm (10-inch) touchscreen dash display. Standard High Definition rearview camera shows prominently in the main display. Slope Indicate helps make operation easier by showing machine mainfall and cross slope right on the display. Enjoy operator comforts like suspension seat and adjustable armrests and controls. Choose either joystick or two-lever implement controls to match operator preference or application. Speed/steering control choices include either a joystick or a v-lever and foot pedals. Set implement response fine, normal, coarse to match operator preference or application. Emissions reduction technology is designed to work in the background, with no action required from the operator.Top Performer 963 and 953 uses up to 10% less fuel per hour than the respective previous model. Performance Series bucket option boosts productivity up to 20% compared to General Purpose bucket. Efficient Cat C7.1 engine delivers power and fast response when the machine is under load. Meets U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V/Japan 2014/ Korea Tier 4 Final emission standards. Smoother implement and steering response, and improved steering performance provide more controllability. Load sensing hydraulics and position sensing cylinders offer precise, responsive performance.Save on Maintenance Designed to help you take care of routine maintenance and get back to work. Grouped service points located behind large access doors; daily grease points in easy reach at ground level. Service mode in the operator display shows hydrostatic and implement pressure for easier troubleshooting and servicing. Demand fan provides efficient cooling plus easy fold-down service access. Handy bracket holds a shovel for quick undercarriage clean-out. Tilt cab and convenient service access points for easier maintenance and repair. Diesel Particulate Filter in the Clean Emissions Module designed to work for the life of the engine without needing to clean or replace the filter.15-2Features Track LoadersFeatures of 953-963 (continued):Focus on Safety Excellent visibility to the bucket and all around the machine enhances safety and helps operators work more confidently. Handles and steps help operators climb on and off the machine more easily, from the front or the back of the tracks. Standard rear vision camera enhances visibility behind the machine. Seat belt indicator gives an alarm and registers fault code through Product LinkTM if the operator fails to buckle up, enhancing job site safety. Ergonomics, a quiet engine and low-effort controls help lessen fatigue, so operators are better able to remain fresh and focused.Take on the Trash Waste Handler configuration is a versatile machine for loading, sorting, excavation and spreading cover, well suited to the landfill or transfer station. Specialized guarding, striker bars and seals help protect the machine and components from impact and airborne debris. Final Drive guarding helps prevent wrapping and damage. Screen helps protect windshield and operator from breakage and debris. High debris cooling system radiator fan folds out for easy cleanout access. Specialized air handling features help deliver cleaner air to the machine and to the cab. Choice of buckets and track shoes allow you to further optimize the machine for greater performance and service life. Enhanced Cleaning Package reduces cleaning time, adds machine protection and increases compaction.Keep Things Shipshape Optimal combination of traction, high reach andmachine balance makes track loaders ideal for working in ship holds and port handling duties. Specialized implements, like coal buckets and trim blades, help you sweep down walls and handle a variety of materials. Fusion Quick Coupler option adds versatility with easy use of forks, buckets and other attachments from compatible machines. Specialized sealing, guards and bumpers help protect key components. Front and rear eyes widely spaced for stability during lifting. Added lighting packages help illuminate the work area.1515-3Track Loaders Extreme Slope OperationEXTREME SLOPE OPERATIONThe maximum fore and aft grade in static condition on which each track loader will maintain proper lubri cation is 45 degrees (100%). Consult Operation & Main tenance Manual (if applicable) for POWERTRAIN fluid level overfill requirements for operation on extreme slopes. Extreme slope operation is anytime the slope exceeds 25° (47%).The ENGINE should never be overfilled with oil. This may lead to rapid overheating. For extreme slope oper ation, engine oil should be maintained at the full mark.NOTE:B oth ENGINE and POWERTRAIN fluid levels should be checked on level ground before working sidehills and slopes.When working sidehills and slopes, consideration should be given to the following important points: Speed of travel -- At higher speeds, inertia forces tend to make the track loader less stable. Roughness of terrain or surface -- Ample allowance should be made where the terrain or surface is uneven. Mounted equipment -- Buckets, rippers, winches, and other mounted equipment cause the track loader to balance differently. Nature of surface -- New earthen fills may give way with the weight of the track loader. Rocky surfaces may prom ote side slipping of track loader. Track slippage due to excessive loads -- This may cause downhill track to "dig in," increasing angle of track loader. Width of shoes -- Wide track shoes tend to decrease "digging in," hence track loader is more stable. Operated equipment -- Be aware of the stability and other performance features of the equipment operated by the track loader. Keep all attachments or pulled loads low to the ground for optimum stability.NOTE:S afe operation on steep slopes may require special machine maintenance as well as excellent operator skill and proper equipment for the specific application. Consult Operation & Maintenance Manual (if applicable) for proper fluid level requirements.15-4SAE Loader Ratings Machine SelectionTrack LoadersSAE BUCKET RATINGHEAPED STRUCKSAE Bucket CapacitiesStruck capacity is that volume contained in a bucket after a load is leveled by drawing a straight edge resting on the cutting edge and the back of the bucket.Heaped capacity is a struck capacity plus that additional material that would heap on the struck load at a 2:1 angle of repose with the struck line parallel to the ground.SAE J742 (Oct. 79) specifies that the addition of any auxiliary spill guard to protect against spillage of mate rial which might injure the operator will not be included in bucket capacity ratings. Buckets with irregular shaped cutting edges (vee edge) the strike plane should be drawn at one-third the distance of the protruding portion of the cutting edge. Cat rock buckets are built with integral seethrough rock guards. Cat light material buckets come standard with bolt-on edges. These features which add to actual bucket capacity are included in published ratings.Dump HeightSAE J732 JUN92 specifies that dump height is the vertical distance from the ground to the lowest point of the cutting edge with the bucket hinge pin at maximum height and the bucket at a 45° dump angle. Dump angle is the angle in degrees that the longest flat section of the inside bottom of the bucket will rotate below horizontal.Static Tipping LoadThe minimum weight at center of gravity of "SAE Rated" load in bucket which will rotate rear of machine to a point where, on track loaders, front rollers are clear of the track under the following conditions:a. Loader on hard level surface and stationary. b. Unit at standard operating weight. c. Bucket at maximum rollback position.d.Load at maximum forward position during raising cycle.e.Unit with standard equipment as described in specifications unless otherwise noted under the heading.Operating LoadIn order to comply with SAE standard J818 MAY87, the operating load for track loaders should not exceed 35% of the Static Tipping load rating. See "Performance Data" of each machine in this handbook for increases to static tipping load by adding cab, counterweights, ripper-scarifier, etc.SELECTING A MACHINESteps in selecting the proper size loader:1. Determine production required or desired. 2. Determine loader cycle time and cycles per hour. Amachine size must be assumed to select a basic cycle time. 3. Determine required payload per cycle in loose cubic yards and pounds (meters and kilograms). 4. Determine bucket size needed. 5. Make machine selection using bucket size and payload as criteria to meet production requirements. 6. Compare the loader cycle time used in calculations to the cycle time of the machine selected. If there is a difference, rework the process beginning at step 2.1. Production RequiredThe production required of a track loader should be slightly greater than the production capability of the other critical units in the earth or material m oving system. For example, if a hopper can handle 300 tons per hour, a loader capable of slightly more than 300 tons should be used. Required production should be carefully calculated so the proper machine and bucket selections are made.2. Loader Cycle TimesMaterial type, pile height, and other factors may improve or reduce production, and should be added to or subtracted from the basic cycle time when applicable. 15When hauls are involved, obtain haul and return por tions of the cycle from the estimated travel chart (this sec tion). Add the haul and return times to the estimated basic cycle time to obtain total cycle time.15-5Track Loaders Cycle Time Factors Estimating Cycle TimeCYCLE TIME FACTORSA basic cycle time (Load, Dump, Maneuver) of 0.25-0.35 minutes is average for a track loader [the basic cycle for large track loaders, 2 m3 (2.6 yd3) and up, can be slightly longer], but variations can be authenticated in the field. The following values for many variable elements are based on normal operations. Adding or subtracting any of the variable times will give the total basic cycle time.Estimating Cycle TimeCycle time of a track loader needs to be determined tofind loads per hour. Total cycle time includes the followingsegments:Load Time + Maneuver Time + Travel Time + DumpTimeLoad Time --MaterialMinutesUniform aggregates0.03-0.05Moist mixed aggregates0.03-0.06Moist loam0.03-0.07Soil, boulders, roots0.04-0.20Cemented materials0.05-0.20Maneuver Time -- includes basic travel, four changes of direction and turning time, and will be about 0.20 min utes with a competent operator.Travel Time -- in a load and carry operation is comprised of haul and return times which can be determined by the travel charts in this section.Dump Time -- is dictated by the size and strength of the dump target and varies from 0.00 to 0.10 minutes. Typical dump times into highway trucks are from 0.04 to 0.07 minutes.NOTE: When comparing hydrostatic track loaders with former power shift models (using the production estimating method) two factors must be consid ered: (1) The hydrostatic track loaders on the aver age outcycle power shift models by up to 10 percent due to faster machine speed and easier operation. (2) Larger, rear engine hydrostatic track loaders incorporate Z-bar linkage, which provides sub stantially better bucket fill factors. The degree to which each factor affects estimated produc tion should be left to the user's judgment depend ing on the particular job application and conditions.Example: Moist loam is being excavated from a bank and loaded into trucks.MinutesLoad -- moist loam 0.05Maneuver Time0.20Travel -- none required 0.00Dump0.05Total Cycle0.30 min. or200 cycles per 60 min. hourMinutesadded(+) or Subtracted () From Basic CycleMaterials-- Mixed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +0.02-- Up to 3 mm (1/8 in) . . . . . . . . . . . +0.02 -- 3 mm (1/8 in) to20 mm (3/4 in) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.02 -- 20 mm (3/4 in) to150 mm (6 in) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00 -- 150 mm (6 in) and over . . . . . . . . . +0.03 and Up-- Bank or broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +0.04 and UpPile-- Conveyor or Dozer piled 3 m (10 ft) and up . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00-- Conveyor or Dozer piled 3 m (10 ft) or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . +0.01-- Dumped by truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . +0.02Miscellaneous-- Common ownership of trucks and loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to 0.04-- Independently owned trucks . . . . Up to +0.04-- Constant operation . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to 0.04-- Inconsistent operation . . . . . . . . . Up to +0.04-- Small target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to +0.04-- Fragile target . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to +0.05Using actual job conditions and the above factors, total cycle time can be estimated. Convert total cycle time to cycles per hour.Cycles per hour at 100% Efficiency=60 Min Total Cycle Timein MinutesJob efficiency is an important factor in machine selec tion. Efficiency is the actual number of minutes worked during an hour. Job efficiency accounts for operator breaks, and other work interruptions. See "Efficiency Considerations" in this section.15-6 Bucket Fill Factors Recommended Operating CapacitiesLoader ProductionTrack LoadersBucket Fill FactorsThe following indicates the approximate amounts ofmaterial as a percent of rated bucket capacity which willactually be delivered per bucket per cycle. This is knownas "Bucket Fill Factor."Loose MaterialFill FactorMixed Moist Aggregates95-110%Uniform Aggregatesup to 3 mm (1/8 in)95-1103 mm-9 mm (1/8 in-3/8 in)90-11012 mm-20 mm (1/2 in-3/4 in) 90-11024 mm and over (1 in)90-110Blasted RockWell80-95%Average75-90Poor60-75OtherRock Dirt Mixtures100-120%Moist Loam100-120Soil, Boulders, Roots80-100Cemented Materials85-100Fill factors on track loaders are affected by bucket penetration, breakout force, rack back angle, bucket pro file and ground engaging tools such as bucket teeth and segments or bolt-on replaceable cutting edges.GENERAL PURPOSE BUCKET W/TEETH & SEGMENTS MAXIMUM OPERATING CAPACITIESMODEL953D/953K 963D/963K 973DGENERAL PURPOSE BUCKET SIZEm3yd31.852.42.453.23.214.2MAXIMUM OPERATING CAPACITYkglb3182 70154214 9290552112,174LOADER PRODUCTIONLoader production equals quantity of material the bucket carries per load number of bucket loads per hour.Estimating Bucket LoadThe quantity of material in a loader bucket is estimated by two methods, depending on whether the material being loaded is in a loose or bank state.1. When the material is loose, as in stockpile loading, the bucket load is estimated in loose meters (or cubic yards) by a Bucket Fill Factor (see Tables Section or chart following this discussion). The quantity of material is determined as follows: Rated Bucket Capacity Bucket Fill Factor = Bucket Payload in Loose m3 (yd3)For example, a 973 with a 3.2 m3 (4.2 yd3) General Purpose bucket loading moist loam material will carry:3.2 m3 1.15 = 3.68 loose cubic meters (4.2 yd3 1.15 = 4.83 loose cubic yards)Once the potential bucket load has been determined, check the static tipping load ratings on the specific machine to determine if bucket load is in fact a safe operating load. (Safe operating load as defined by SAE for track loaders should not exceed 35% of static tipping load.)Productivity in many applications is measured in tons. See Tables Section for material densities if conversion to tons is desired.2. When material is in the bank state, as in excavation,productivity is measured in bank meters (cubic yards).Bucket load in Bm3 (BCY) is estimated by applyingone of the load factors from the Tables section toconvert the excavated material in the bucket from Bm3(BCY) to Lm3 (LCY) to allow for the digging andcarrying characteristics of the material. The quantityof excavated material a bucket carries is then deter-mined as follows:Rated Bucket Capacity Load Factor Bucket15Fill Factor = Bucket Payload in Bm3 (BCY)Example: a 953D with a 1.85 m3 (2.4 yd3) General Purpose bucket loading wet loam earth from bank:1.85 m3 0.79 1.15 = 1.68 Bm3 (2.4 yd3 0.79 1.15 = 2.18 BCY)15-7Track LoadersLoader Production Estimating Production Alternative Machine Selection MethodEstimating ProductionMachine and job considerations include: Machine model and bucket size Material type, particle size, density and load factor (see Tables Section) Bucket fill factor Haul distance Underfoot conditions Altitude Dump target size, height, and typeExample:Conditions --Machine Bucket size Material Bucket fill factor Haul length Dump target Travel in forward speedCycle TimeLoad time Maneuver time Travel time (from curves) Dump time TotalLoads Per Hour --953D 1.85 m3 (2.4 yd3) Moist Loam 1.15 30 m (100 ft) PileMinutes0.15 0.20 0.40 0.05 0.8060 min/hr 0.80 min/cycle=75 cycles per hour 100% efficiency@Load Per Cycle --1.85 m3 1.15 BFF = 2.13 Lm3 0.81 LF = 1.72 Bm3(2.4yd3 1.15 BFF = 2.76 LCY 0.81 LF = 2.24 BCY)Hourly Production --1.72 Bm3 75 cycles/h = 129 Bm3/h (2.24 BCY 75 cycles/hr = 168 BCY/hr)More accurate production estimates can be made by recording actual machine cycle times in the same or similar application. Then visually verify the approximate bucket fill factor.Efficiency ConsiderationsLoader capacity should always be matched to peak production requirements of the job. Actual "on-the-job" loader productivity will be influenced by factors such as operator skill, personal delays, job layout and other delays. Experience and knowledge of local conditions will be the best indicators of actual job efficiency.Operation DayWorking Hour 50 min/HrEfficiency Factor0.83An Alternative Machine Selection MethodAnother method of selecting the right Track Loader and bucket to meet production requirements is by use of the nomographs on the following pages. The method is quicker and easier than the proceding example because it does not require as many calculations, yet the accuracy is about the same within the normal limits of input data.Be careful when entering and reading data from the nomographs because some scales increase from bottom to top, while others are the reverse. Do not be overly con cerned with the precision as affected by pencil line width or reading to the hundredth of a m3 (yd3). Remember that bucket fill factor, material density, and cycle time are at best close estimates.Example problemA track loader must produce 200 Lm3 (262 LCY) per hour. Estimated cycle time is 0.5 minutes, working 50 minutes per hour. Bucket fill factor is 110% and the material density is 1600 kg/Lm3 (2700 lb/LCY).Determine bucket size, machine model and hourly production in tons and yards.SolutionAt full efficiency, it will cycle 120 times per hour. Since only an average 50 minutes are available, only 100 cycles will be completed per hour.Starting on Scale A at 100 cycles per hour draw a straight line intersecting 200 m3/hr (262 yd3/hr) on Scale B and continuing the line on to Scale C giving 2.0 m3 (2.62 yd3) required payload.Follow steps 1 through 7 on the next two pages. 15-8Production and Machine Selection Nomograph To find required bucket payload and bucket sizeTrack Loaders1)Enter Scale A cycles per hour (100) and B hourly production 200 m3/hr (262 yd3/hr).2)Connect A and B and extend to C to find required payload 2.0 m3 (2.62 yd3).3)Connect C to bucket fill factor on Scale D (110%) and extend to E to find required bucket size 1.8 m3 (2.35 yd3).4)Transfer Scale A and C readings to nomograph on following page.A Cycles per Hour200 180 160 140 120 1008060 504030 2520 18 16 14 1210 9 8 7 6BHourly Production Requiredyd3/hr700 6001000 800500 600400 500300 400200300150 200150 100 12080 10060 80 50 60 40 5030 4020 3015 20 12 15 10 128 10CRequired Payload Volumem3/cycle5 4.54 3.53 2.52yd3/cycle7 6 5 431.5 21.5 11DBucket Fill FactorERequired Bucket Volume120% 100 8060 50 40.75 11 1.51.251.5 22 32.534 3.545 4.5 65 71515-9Track LoadersProduction and Machine Selection Nomograph To find payload weight for stability and output in tons per hour5)Connect C 1.8 m3 (2.35 yd3) to F 1600 kg/m3 (2700 lb/yd3) and extend to G to find payload weight 2880 kg (6345 lb).6)Compare G bucket payload weight 2880 kg (6345lb) with maximum operating capacities table in this section to see if the 1.85 m3 (2.4 yd3) bucket can handle the desired payload. Table indicates the 953D with aCRequired PayloadFMaterial DensityGBucket Payloadm3/cycle 54.5 43.5 32.5 21.51yd3/cycle 765 kg/m3460080010003120015002200030001.51kg/cycle1000 1200lb/yd3 1000 1200 1500 1800 200030004000 5000 600015002000 2500 30004000 500060007000 80009000 10 000 11 000lb/cycle 200030004000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10,00015,00020,000 25,0001.85 m3 (2.4 yd3) bucket equipped with bolt-on c utting edge or teeth and segments has a greater operating capacity of 3343kg (7370 lb), therefore stability is okay.7)Extend Scale G reading 2880 kg (6345 lb) through Scale A (100) to Scale I to find tons per hour 288 metric ton/hr (317 U.S. ton/hr).A Cycles perHourcycle/hr 200 140 100 80 60 50 40 30 20 15 12 10I Tons perHourMetric Tons1000800 900 800600 700 600500 500400 400300 300250200 200150 15012010010080 9070 80607060 505040 4015-10Travel Time Charts 953D/953K 963D/963K 973DTrack LoadersOne Way Travel Time (Minutes)One Way Travel Time (Minutes)953D/953K6.00 5.0035 Degrees Slope963D/963K6.005.0035 Degrees Slope4.004.0020 Degrees Slope20 Degrees Slope3.003.002.0010 Degrees Slope2.0010 Degrees Slope1.000 Degrees Slope1.000 Degrees Slope0.00 0100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Feet0.00 0100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Feet0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 MetersOne Way Travel Distance0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 MetersOne Way Travel DistanceOne Way Travel Time (Minutes)973D6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.000035 Degrees Slope20 Degrees Slope 10 Degrees Slope0 Degrees Slope 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Feet 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 MetersOne Way Travel DistanceTRAVEL TIME CHARTSConditions: No grades. Speeds loaded and empty essentially the same. Bucket position constant during travel. Travel encountered in maneuver portion of cycle notincluded. Acceleration time accounted for in maneuver time.Travel Time (in minutes) =Metric number of meters traveled speed (in km/h) 16.67English number of feet traveled speed (in mph) 8815KEY 953D/953K -- Hydrostatic top speed both forward and reverse 10 km/h (6.2 mph) 963D/963K -- Hydrostatic top speed both forward and reverse 10 km/h (6.2 mph) 973D -- Hydrostatic top speed both forward and reverse 11 km/h (6.83 mph)15-11Track LoadersProduction Estimating Table m3 or yd3/60 min. hour Estimated bucket payload in bank m3 or yd3Bucket Size (m3 or yd3)Cycle Time Hundredths of a minuteCycles Per Hr0.252400.302000.351710.401500.451330.501200.551090.601000.65921.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.55.0Unshaded area indicates average work range2403604806007208409602003004005006007008001712573424285135996847691502253003754505256006757501332002683324004665306006651201802403003604204805406001091642182723283824364905451001502002503003504004506009213818423027632236841646015-12Work ToolsFusionTM Coupler Quick Coupler Fusion General Purpose Bucket General Purpose (GP) bucket GP bucket with trash rack MP bucket with trash rack Landfill bucket Landfill Multi-purpose Multi-purpose (MP) bucket Trim blade Slag bucket Fusion Pallet Forks Forks (for QC or bucket) Material handling arm Loader rake Top-Clamp bucket Side Dump bucketWorkTools Track Loaders953D/953KX (953K only) X X (953K only) X X X X X X XX (953K only) X X X X X963D/963KX X X X X X X X X XX X X XX973DXX X X X X X X XX X X X X15 15-13Track Loaders WorkToolsFusion Coupler System for Track LoadersThis coupler system is a performance multiplier for Track Loaders, giving owners many times the value over a machine with only a pin-on bucket.The biggest gain for the track loader user is durability; the Fusion coupler endures like no other. Dual wedge locks pull the tool tight to the coupler and hold it there for a solid, rattle-free fit. No rattle means no wear, so tools last longer. The wedge lock is built to stay tight even after thousands of tool changes. This coupler is built to be as tough as the linkage itself, for trouble-free performance day in and day out.The Track Loaders Fusion Coupler is supported by a set of tools:General Purpose Buckets provide good all-around performance for stockpiling, re-handling, excavating and bank loading. A wide bucket is available for use with a machine that has wide gauge tracks.Multi-Purpose Buckets have a unique four-way action that can load, strip top soil, bulldoze, clamp pipe or large chunks of concrete, clean up debris and many other tasks.Pallet Forks are an essential tool on construction job sites. Cat Fusion Pallet Forks can be configured to allow the tines to either swing or stay in a fixed position.Fusion InterchangeabilityThe Fusion Coupler for the track loaders is compatible with most of the Fusion tools for wheel loaders, allowing interchangeability. However, common sense must be used as machine power envelopes and use profiles are very different for each machine platform.Care must be taken to get the best performance while taking advantage of tool interchangeability. While all Fusion couplers can pick up any Fusion tool, some tools are less useful when used on a different type of carrier than their design intent.For compatibility questions, contact Cat Work Tools.15-14SHOE OPTIONSShoe Options Track Loaders1 Double Grouser Shoes2 Trapezoidal Center Hole ShoesE xtreme service shoes are available which have more hardened wear material for longer wear life and higher impact applications.3 Single Grouser Shoes4 Chopper ShoesW ider shoes are also available to reduce ground pressure in soft underfoot conditions.Other shoe options are available. Consult a Cat dealer for more information.15 15-15Track LoadersShoe Options Systemone ShoesSYSTEMONE SHOESDouble Grouser Shoes Work best in applications that require less penetrationand traction.Recommended for applications that require better turning capability and less ground disturbance.Feature two or three short grousers instead of one tall grouser.Center Hole ShoesWork best in applications where packing causes the track to tighten. They are recommended for applications with large amounts of debris what tend to pack in the track.Reduces extricable packing between the shoe and the bushing since they allow the sprocket to punch out dirt and debris.Other shoe options are available. Consult a Cat dealer for more information.15-16TRACK-TYPE TRACTORSHydraulic Controls Bulldozers RippersCONTENTSTRACK-TYPE TRACTORSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-1 Extreme Slope Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-3HYDRAULIC CONTROLSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-4BULLDOZERSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-5 Blade Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-6 Estimating Production Off-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-9 Job Condition Correction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-17 Measuring Production On-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . 16-18RIPPERSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-19 Ripper Specification DiagramsAdjustable Parallelogram Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . 16-20 Radial Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-22 Fixed Parallelogram Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-22 Tip Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-23 Estimating Ripping Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-23 Seismic Wave Velocity Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-25 Estimated Ripper Production Graphs . . . . . . . . . 16-26TRACK-TYPE TRACTORSFeatures: Cat® Diesel Engines provide the power, high torque rise, reliability and performance you can depend on. HEUITM on D6R and D7R increases fuel efficiency, reduces smoke, improves cold starting and enhances diagnostic capabilities. Mechanical Electronic Unit Injector (MEUITM) on D8T, D9, D10 and D11 excels in its ability to control injection pressure over the entire engine operating speed range. It combines the technical advancement of an electronic control system with the simplicity of direct mechanically controlled unit fuel injection. These features allow the engine to have complete control over injection timing, duration, and pressure. Common Rail fuel injection system on D1, D2, D3, D6K2, D5R2, D6N, D6T, D6, D6XE and D7E machines; optim izes performance and fuel consump tion, minim izes heat rejection, and lowers emissions.16 16-1Track-Type Tractors Features Oil cooled steering clutches and brakes standard on D6GC, D9, D10 and D11. Finger Tip Controls (FTC) of transmission, steering clutches and brakes on D10T2 and D11. Differential steering allows infinitely variable turning radius. Standard on the D5R2, D6N, D6R2, D6T, D7R, D7E, D8R, D8T, D9, D5, D6, D6 XE, D7 and D8 GC, allows the tractor to make a "power turn" keeping both tracks working for more traction and higher performance. Electronic Hydrostatic Power Train System on D1 through D4 allows power turns, stepless speed range, smooth modulation, dynamic hydrostatic braking, supe rior maneuverability and excellent controllability. Electric Drive Power Train System on D6 XE and D7E allows stepless speed range, smooth modulation, and excellent efficiency. When coupled with differential steer it provides superior maneuverability with locked-track pivot turn capability and excellent controllability. Combined hand lever steering located left of operator provides easier operation on D9R. Standard Tractors designed for heavy dozing and gen eral grading. XL Tractors D6T, D5R2 and D6R2 offer higher horsepower and longer roller frames for increased finish grading capability, flotation and productivity. Extra Wide (XW) gauge on D6T length roller frame provides wider shoes for greater flotation and stabil ity for steep slope grading. Sealed and Lubricated Track reduces pin and bush ing wear for lower undercarriage repair costs. Cat Abrasion Undercarriage extends undercarriage system life, improves reliability, and reduces owning and operating costs. Elevated sprockets (not on D4 or D7E) eliminate final drive stress induced by roller frame movement and ground impact loads. Final drives pull chain only. Seals moved up out of dirt, sand and water for longer life. Blade visibility improved because operator sits higher. Resilient mounted bogie undercarriage on D8R, D8T, D9, D10 and D11 reduces shock transmitted to tractor. Allows track to conform to rough ground for better traction. Solid mounted undercarriage standard on D1 through D3 provides stable platform for low impact, and high abrasion applications. Provides optimum finish grad ing performance. Oscillating undercarriage on D6K2 through D7E and optional on the D8R and D8T decreases ground shock to the machine and provides a smoother, more comfortable ride for the operator. Accessible modular design on D5, D6N XL and up greatly reduces drive train removal and installation time resulting in reduced repair costs. Tag link on D7, D7R, D8R/D8T and up; L-shaped push arms on D5, D6, D6R2, D6N, D6T and D7E. Both designs allow closer mounting of dozer blades. This reduces total tractor length, improves maneuverability, balance, blade penetration and pryout. Low ground pressure (LGP) tractors offer greater flotation in soft, swampy conditions. Available on D1 through D8T.16-2Extreme Slope Operation Track-Type TractorsEXTREME SLOPE OPERATIONThe maximum fore and aft grade in static condition on which each track-type tractor or pipelayer will main tain proper lubrication is 45 degrees (100%). Consult Operation & Maintenance Manual (if applicable) for POWERTRAIN fluid level overfill requirements for operation on extreme slopes. Extreme slope operation is anytime the slope exceeds 35°.The ENGINE should never be overfilled with oil. This may lead to rapid overheating. For extreme slope oper ation, engine oil should be maintained at the full mark.NOTE:B oth ENGINE and POWERTRAIN fluid levels should be checked on level ground before work ing sidehills and slopes.When working sidehills and slopes, consideration should be given to the following important points: Speed of travel -- At higher speeds, inertia forces tend to make the tractor less stable. Roughness of terrain or surface -- Ample allowance should be made where the terrain or surface is uneven. Mounted equipment -- Bulldozers, sidebooms, winches, and other mounted equipment cause the tractor to balance differently. Nature of surface -- New earthen fills may give way with the weight of the tractor. Rocky surfaces may pro mote side slipping of tractor. Track slippage due to excessive loads -- This may cause downhill track to "dig in," increasing angle of tractor. Implements hitched to the drawbar -- This may decrease weight on uphill track, e.g., logging arch, two-wheel wagon. Height of hitch on tractor -- When a high drawbar is used the tractor is less stable than with the standard drawbar. Width of shoes -- Wide track shoes tend to decrease "digging in", hence tractor is more stable. Operated equipment -- Be aware of the stability and other performance features of the equipment operated by the tractor. Keep all attachments or pulled loads low to the ground for optimum stability.NOTE:S afe operation on steep slopes may require special machine maintenance as well as excellent o perator skill and proper equipment for the specific application. Consult Operation & Maintenance Manual (if applicable) for proper fluid level requirements.1616-3Hydraulic ControlsFeaturesFeatures: Designed and built for specific tractor applications. Valves and components sized for exacting quality and performance. Job requirements matched through various arrange ments. Hydraulic blade and ripper controls: Mechanical con trols on G Series. Electro hydraulic controls on D6N and D6K2. Pilot blade and ripper controls on D6T Tier 3/Stage IIIA, Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent with optional electro hydraulic blade control. Electro hydrau lic blade and ripper controls on D6T Tier 4 Interim/ Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) equivalent Mechanical controls on D9R. Electro hydraulic blade and ripper controls on D7E, D8T, D9, D10 and D11. Full flow filters*... all oil completely filtered. Dual tilt -- standard on D11 and D11 CD, attach ment option on D7E, D8R, D8T, D9 and D10.*Exception -- D8R 2-pump.16-4BULLDOZERSCONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-5 Blade Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-6 Estimating Production Off-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-9 Job Condition Correction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-17 Measuring Production On-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . 16-18Features: Straight Bulldozers -- adjustable tilt angle controls blade penetration. Variable cutting edge Power Angle and Tilt (VPAT) -- blade available on certain models. The blade can be mechanically tipped forward for improved penetration or back for more productivity and easier finish grading. Angling Bulldozers -- 25° right/left angling; C-frame allows mounting other tools. Universal Bulldozers -- 25° wings provide increased capacity, less spillage. Semi-Universal Bulldozers -- combines penetration ability of straight blade with increased load capacity provided by short 25° wings. Wheel Dozer blades are offered in straight and univer sal blade design with hydraulic pitch and tilt control. Box-section construction on blades adds rigidity and strength. Cutting edges are heat treated and reversible for extra life. Performance Cutting edge available for D6, D7 and D8.16 16-5BulldozersBlade Selection Production Dozing ToolsolsBLADE SELECTIONProperly matching tractor and dozer is a basic require ment for maximizing production. First consider the kind of work the tractor will be doing most of its life. Then evaluate: Material to be moved. Tractor limitations.Materials to be movedMost materials are dozeable. However, dozer perfor mance will vary with material characteristics such as: Particle Size and Shape -- The larger the individual particle size, the harder it is for a cutting edge to pene trate. Particles with sharp edges resist the natural rolling action of a dozer blade. These particles require more horsepower to move than a similar volume of material with rounded edges. Voids -- Few voids or the absence of voids means the individual particles have most or all of their surface area in contact with other particles. This forms a bond which must be broken. A well graded material, which lacks voids, is generally heavy, and will be hard to remove from the bank state. Water Content -- In most materials the lack of mois ture increases the bond between particles and makes the material difficult to remove from the bank state. A high moisture content makes dozing difficult because the material is heavy and requires more force to move. Optimum moisture reduces dust and offers the best condition for dozing ease and operator comfort.The effect of freezing depends on the moisture con tent. When frozen, the material's bond strengthens as moisture content increases and temperature decreases. However, freezing a completely dry material does not change its characteristics.An indication of a blade's ability to penetrate and obtain a blade load is kW per meter (or horsepower per foot) of cutting edge. The higher the kW/meter (HP/foot), the more aggressive the blade. Kilowatt per Lm3 (horsepower per loose cubic yard) indicates a blade's ability to push material. The higher the kW/Lm3 (HP/ LCY), the greater the blade's potential capability for carrying material at a greater speed.Tractor LimitationsThe weight and horsepower of the machine determines its ability to push. No tractor can exert more pounds push than the machine itself weighs and its power train can develop. Various terrain and underfoot conditions on the job limit the tractor's ability to use its weight and horsepower. The "approximate coef ficient of traction factors" chart in the Tables Section presents these traction factors for common materials. To use the chart, take the total tractor weight (with attach ments) times the factor to arrive at the maximum usable push the dozer can exert.Production Dozing Tools"U" -- Universal blade -- the large wings on this blade include one end bit and at least one section of cutting edge which make it efficient for moving big loads over long distances as in land rec lamation, stockpile work, charging hoppers and trap ping for loaders. As this blade has a lower kW/meter (HP/foot) of cutting edge than an "S" or "SU", pene tration should not be a prime objective. With a lower kW/Lm3 (HP/LCY) than an "S" or "SU", this blade is best for lighter or relatively easily dozed material. If equipped with tilt cylinders the U blade can be used to pry out, level, cut ditches and steer the tractor."SU" -- The Semi-U blade combines the desirable characteristics of S and U-blades into one pack age. It has increased capac ity by the addition of short wings which include only the dozer end bits. The wings provide improved load retention capabilities while maintaining the blade's ability to penetrate and load quickly in tightly packed materials and to handle a wide variety of materials in production oriented applic ations. Tilt cylinder(s) increase both the produc tivity and versatility of this dozer. Equipped with a push plate, it is effectively used for push loading scrapers.16-6Blade Selection Production Dozing Tools General Purpose DozingTools Special Application DozingToolsBulldozers"CD" -- The CD or Carry Dozer Blade is available for the D11T CarryDozer only. It is built to the same high standard of structural inte grity as the "U" and "SU" Dozers. The CD Blade has a unique "bucket" shape that allows it to carry several cubic yards or cubic meters of material in the blade. This acts as a disposable counterweight that allows the CarryDozer to push more material per pass than a standard D11T. The CarryDozer will not be as effective as the "U" or "SU" dozer in tightly packed or poorly shot material. It is also more sensitive to the carryback in sticky materials.General Purpose Dozing Tools"S" -- The Straight blade provides excellent versa tility. Since it is physically smaller than the SU or Ublade, it is easier to maneu ver and can handle a wider range of materials. It has a higher kW/ meter (HP/foot) of cutting edge than the SU or U-blade; consequently, the "S" is more aggressive in penetrating and obtaining a blade load. A tilt cylinder increases both the produc tivity and versatility of this dozer. With a high kW/Lm3 (HP/LCY), the S-blade can handle heavy material easily.Power Angle and Tilt Blade -- Versatility is its key feature with its abil ity to perform a variety of site development to general dozing work as well as heavy-duty appli cations. Angle and tilt control is with 2 levers on some machines, 1 lever on others. Variable Power Angle and Tilt (VPAT) blade can be mechanically tipped forward for improved penetration or shedding sticky material and backward for finish grading and improved productivity.Special Application Dozing ToolsCaterpillar provides specialty bulldozers for specific applications. The blades are designed to increase production while performing certain tasks. Following are the most popular special applications blades.Variable Radius (VR) BladesVariable Radius Semi-U Blades are excellent tools for land im provement, soil conservation, site development or general construction. They combine the penetration ability of a Semi-U Blade with the load reten tion and high capacity of a U-blade. They provide the aggressive cutting action needed for digging, while having the material retention charac teristics needed for moving high volumes over a distance. This is accomplished through a moldboard which varies in radius from the edge to the center. This creates a roll ing action in the material being moved, pushing it to the center of the blade for better retention. The extended side wings, angled to thirty degrees, further increase the capacity over a standard blade.Angle Blade (A-Blade)"A" -- Or Angling blade can be positioned straight or angled 25 degrees to either side. It is designed for sidecasting, pioneering roads, backfilling, cutting ditches and other similar tasks. It can reduce the amount of maneuvering required to do these jobs. Its "C" frame can be used for attachments such as pushing, land clearing, or snow removal tools. A-blades are not recommended for rock or severe applications.Cushion DozersCushion Dozers are designed to push-load wheel-tractor scrapers, or track-type tractors. The heavy-duty design includes reinforcement to transfer machine power without damaging the blade or the tractor. Blade cylinders are pinned to the C-frame, and the blade height is such that the blade lift cylinders are isolated from damaging forces.1616-7BulldozersBlade Selection Special Application Dozing ToolsThe taller blade allows pushing from a higher posi tion, eliminating blade drag and increasing produc tivity. The blade curvature is matched to the curve of the Cat Push Block for maximum contact area, pre venting the block from riding over the top of the blade. Extended side plates make it easier for operators to "catch" the stinger when repositioning for a new pass. The center of the blade is armored with T-1 plate steel for maximum service life. The narrow width of the cush ion blade increases machine maneuverability in con gested cuts and reduces the possibility of cutting tires associated with SU and U-blades.When not push-loading, the dozer can be used for cut maintenance and other general dozing jobs.Coal U-Blades are designed specifically to move large vol umes of coal in coal piles, at powerplants and transshipment points. The wing angle of thirty degrees crowds material to the center of the blade, maximizing capacity by minimizing side spill. The moldboard is much higher and wider than stand ard, specifically to match the material density and loading characteristics of coal. The curve of the moldboard rolls the material forward, enhancing the carrying capacity. With this design, coal-moving capacity can be as much as 200 percent greater than a standard U-blade.Landfill U-Blades provide capacity increases of up to fifty percent over a straight blade. Landfill blades have the height and width to han dle large volumes of lowdensity refuse, but are tough enough to dig and bulldoze ground cover. Vision to the load is provided by areas of screen in the upper blade. Angled wings slice into natural bed earth for trenches or cover material, adding to the versatility in the landfill.Reclamation U-Blades -- are purpose-built for reclama tion of mine spoil piles. The blade has a larger capacity than a standard U-blade. The wing angle of 28 degrees provides a good balance between load retention and shearing action, keeping the optimal load in front of the blade, but cutting cleanly through the material when necessary.The width of Woodchip UBlades gives operators max imum control and greate r confidence, even in steep chip piles. Deep curvature of the moldboard keeps material flowing to liven dead chips and optimize production on long pushes. Blade height and wings angled at thirty degrees combine for excellent material retention giving better production with every pass. An operator visibility window in the top section is standard.Multi-Application/Rock and Root RakesMulti-Application/Rock and Root Rakes are perfectly suited for heavy duty land clearing including removal of stumps, large rocks or large trees and for work in clay and other heavy soils. Frames are constructed of high strength steel for longer life. Cast teeth, with replaceable tips, are designed for maximum ground penetration and resistance to shock loading when prying or pushing trees, stumps and rocks. Brush rack is standard and increases height and capacity by as much as 40%. Rake is a direct replacement for existing blade, and utilizes existing push arms and C-frames.16-8Estimating Production Off-the-Job BulldozersBULLDOZER PRODUCTION OFF-THE-JOBYou can estimate bulldozer production using the pro duction curves that follow and the correction factors that are applicable. Use this formula:Production (Lm3/hr) (LCY/hr)=Maximum productionCorrection factorsThe bulldozer production curves give maximum uncorrected production for universal, semi-universal, and straight blades and are based on the following conditions:1. 100% efficiency (60 minute hour -- level cycle).2.Power shift machines with 0.05 min. fixed times. 3.Machine cuts for 15 m (50 feet), then drifts bladeload to dump over a high wall. (Dump time -- 0 sec.) 4. Soil density of 1370 kg/Lm3 (2300 lb/LCY).5. Coefficient of traction:*a. Track machines -- 0.5 or better b. Wheel machines -- 0.4 or better6. Hydraulic controlled blades used. 7. Dig 1F**Carry 2F**Return 2R**To obtain estimated production in bank cubic meters or bank cubic yards, appropriate load factor from the Tables section should be applied to the corrected pro duction as calculated above.ProductionBm3/hr (BCY/h)=Lm3/hr (LCY/h) LF LF*Coefficient of traction assumed to be at least 0.4. While poor traction affects both track and wheel vehicles, causing them to take smaller blade loads, wheeled units are affected more severely and production falls much more rapidly. While no fixed rules can predict this production loss, a rough rule of thumb is that wheel dozer production falls off 4% for each one-hundredth decrease in coefficient of traction below 0.40. If, for example, coefficient of traction is 0.30, the difference is ten-hundredths (0.10), and production is 60% (10 4% = 40% decrease).**This gear sequence is based on level to downhill terrain, light to medium density material, and no blade extensions such as spill plates, rock guards, etc. Exceeding these condi tions may require carry in 1F, but productivity should equal or exceed "standard conditions" due to the larger loads that can be carried in 1F.16 16-9BulldozersEstimating Production Off-the-Job U-BladesEST. DOZING PRODUCTIONESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION Universal Blades D8 through D11Lm3/hr LCY/hr4200 5400 A 4000 5200 B3800 500036004800 4600C3400 44003200 30004200 4000 38002800 36002600 340024003200 3000D2200 28002000 26001800 240016002200 2000E1400 180012001600 1400F1000 1200800 1000600 800400600 400200 200000 100 200 300 400 500 600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCEKEYA -- D11 XU B -- D11 CD C -- D11 U D -- D10 U E -- D9 U F -- D8 U16-10NOTE: T his chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.Estimating Production Off-the-Job SU-BladesBulldozersEST. DOZING PRODUCTIONESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION Semi-Universal Blades D8 through D11 Lm3/hr LCY/hr4200 5400 4000 52003800 500036004800 4600A3400 44003200 3000 28004200 4000 3800 36002600 3400 2400 32003000 2200 2800 2000 2600 B1800 16002400 2200 20001400 1800 C1200 160014001000 8001200 1000D600 800400600 400200 200000 100 200 300 400 500 600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersKEYA -- D11 SU B -- D10 SU C -- D9 SU D -- D8 SUAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCE16NOTE: T his chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.16-11BulldozersEstimating Production Off-the-Job S-BladesEST. DOZING PRODUCTIONESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION Straight Blades D6 through D7 Lm3/hr LCY/hr800 600700A500B600C400D500300 400300 200200100 10000050100150200250300350 Feet0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCEKEY A -- D7E B -- D7RII C -- D6T D -- D7G16-12NOTE: This chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.KEYA -- D8 U B -- D8 SUEST. DOZING PRODUCTIONEstimating Production Off-the-Job D8BulldozersESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION D8Lm3/hr19001800LCY/hr24001700 1600 15002200 20001400 1300 12001800 16001100 1000900 800 700 6001400 A1200 B1000800500 600400300 400200 200100000100 200 300 400 500 600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCENOTE: This chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.16 16-13BulldozersEstimating Production Off-the-Job D9KEY A -- D9 U B -- D9 SU16-14EST. DOZING PRODUCTIONESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION D9Lm3/hr19001800LCY/hr24001700 22001600A2000 15001400 1800 B13001600 12001100 10009001400 1200800 1000 700 600 800500 600400 300 400200 200100000 100 200 300 400 500 600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCENOTE: T his chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.EST. DOZING PRODUCTIONEstimating Production Off-the-Job D10BulldozersESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION D10Lm3/hr LCY/hr3000 28004000 3800 36002600 3400 2400 3200 A3000 2200 28002000 2600 B1800 16002400 2200 20001400 18001200 10001600 1400 1200800 1000600 800400600 400200 200000100 200 300 400 500 600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCEKEYA -- D10 U B -- D10 SUNOTE: T his chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.16 16-15BulldozersEstimating Production Off-the-Job D11EST. DOZING PRODUCTIONESTIMATED DOZING PRODUCTION D11Lm3/hr LCY/hr4200 5400 A 4000 5200 B3800 500036004800 4600C3400 44003200 42003000 400028003800 3600D2600 2400 22003400 3200 3000 28002000 26001800 16002400 2200 20001400 18001200 10001600 1400 1200800 1000600 800400600 400200 200000 100 200 300 400 500600 Feet0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 MetersAVERAGEDOZINGDISTANCEKEYA -- D11 XU B -- D11 CD C -- D11 U D -- D11 SUNOTE: T his chart is based on numerous field studies made under varying job conditions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.16-16Job Condition Correction Factors Estimating Production Off-the-Job Example ProblemBulldozersJOB CONDITION CORRECTION FACTORSTRACK-TYPE TRACTOROPERATOR --Excellent1.00Average0.75Poor0.60MATERIAL --Loose stockpile1.20Hard to cut; frozen --with tilt cylinder0.80without tilt cylinder0.70Hard to drift; "dead" (dry, non-0.80cohesive material) or very stickymaterialRock, ripped or blasted0.60-0.80SLOT DOZING1.20SIDE BY SIDE DOZING1.15-1.25VISIBILITY --Dust, rain, snow, fog or darkness0.80JOB EFFICIENCY --50 min/hr0.8340 min/hr0.67BULLDOZER*Adjust based on SAE capacity relative to the base blade used in the Estimated Dozing Production graphs.GRADES -- See following graph.*NOTE: Angling blades and cushion blades are not considered production dozing tools. Depending on job conditions, the A-blade and C-blade will average 50-75% of straight blade production.1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 .8 .6 .4 .230% Grade vs. Dozing Factor() Downhill (+) Uphill20 100+10+20 +30ESTIMATING DOZER PRODUCTION OFF-THE-JOBExample problem:Determine average hourly production of a D8 SU (with tilt cylinder) moving hard-packed clay an average distance of 45 m (150 feet) down a 15% grade, using a slot dozing technique.Estimated material weight is 1600 kg/Lm3 (2650 lb/ LCY). Operator is average. Job efficiency is estimated at 50 min/hr.Uncorrected Maximum Production -- 375 Lm3/h (490 LCY/hr) (example only)Applicable Correction Factors:Hard-packed clay is "hard to cut" material . . . 0.80 Grade correction (from graph) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.30 Slot dozing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.20 Average operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.75 Job efficiency (50 min/hr) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.83 Weight correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (2300/2650)0.87Production =Maximum Production Correction Factors= (490 LCY/hr) (0.80) (1.30) (1.20) (0.75) 16 (0.83) (0.87)= 331.2 LCY/hrTo obtain production in metric units, the same proce dure is used substituting maximum uncorrected produc tion in Lm3.= 375 Lm3/h Factors = 253.5 Lm3/h16-17Bulldozers Measuring Production On-the-JobMEASURING PRODUCTION ON-THE-JOBThree generally accepted methods of measuring bull dozer production are listed below. The third method is empirical, but is the simplest to conduct. 1. Employing Surveying Techniquesa.Conduct time study and then cross-section the cut to determine the volume of material removed. (Production in Bm3 or BCY per unit of time)b.Conduct time study and then cross-section the fill to determine the volume of fill material. (Produc tion in Lm3 or LCY per unit of time)2. Weighing Blade Loads Conduct time study and weigh material movedby bulldozer by weighing the loader bucket loads. 3. Measuring Blade Loadsa. Dozer operation (1)Pick up and carry load onto a level area and stop. (2)Raise the blade directly over the pile pulling forward slightly as blade comes up, leaving a nearly symmetrical pile. (3) Reverse to clear the pile.b.Measurements (1)The average height (H) of the pile in feet. Hold the tape vertically at the inside edge of each grouser mark. Sight along top of the pile to obtain the correct measurement.TOP VIEWSIDE VIEWGROUSER MARKS(2)T he average width (W) of the pile in feet. Hold the tape horizontally over the pile and sight at the inside edge of each grouser mark and the corresponding opposite side of the pile. (3)The greatest length (L) of the pile in feet. Hold the tape horizontally over the pile and sight at each end of the pile. c. With the above measurements, now compute the blade load. (1) Average the height measurement (H) (2)Average the width measurement (W) (3) Load (Lm3 or LCY) = 0.0138 (HWL) (4) Load (Bm3 or BCY) = Lm3 or LCY LF d.Combine the calculated blade load with time study to figure production.16-18Track-Type TractorsRIPPERSCONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-19 Ripper Specification DiagramsAdjustable Parallelogram Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . 16-20 Radial Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-22 Fixed Parallelogram Ripper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-22 Tip Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-23 Estimating Ripping Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-23 Seismic Wave Velocity Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-25 Estimated Ripper Production Graphs . . . . . . . . . 16-26Features: Parallelogram linkage with hydraulically variable pitch on D7 and above. Operator can adjust angle of ripper tip to the material for penetration at all ripping depths to increase production. Fixed Parallelogram linkage design used on tractors up to D6. This design holds tooth angle constant at all ripping depths. Adjustable Single shank arrangements available for D8 and above tractors for tough ripping applications and deep ripping requirements. Hydraulically Variable Pitch Multi-shank arrange ments available on D7 and above allow wide-beam coverage in e asier-to-rip materials. Counterweighted CarryDozer Ripper single shank available for D11.16 16-19RippersSpecification Diagrams Adjustable Parallelogram RipperTrack-Type TractorsDEFINITION OF FORCES SHOWN IN TABLES THAT FOLLOW"Pryout," (Breakout) kilonewtons (and pounds) -- the maximum sustained upward force, generated by the lift cylinders measured at the ripper tip. Breakout force is measured with the shank in the top hole, shank vertical and ripper full down. Breakout force may be hydrauli cally or balance limited."Penetration force," kilonewtons (and pounds) -- the maximum sustained downward force, generated by the ripper lift cylinders measured at the ripper tip, which is required to raise the back end of the vehicle with the tip on ground and the shank (pinned in the top hole) vertical.Adjustable Parallelogram RipperNOTE: Letters correspond to ripper specifications on pages that follow.KEY AA -- Ground Line16-20Track-Type TractorsSpecification Diagrams Adjustable Parallelogram RipperRippersAdjustable Parallelogram RipperNOTE: Letters correspond to ripper specifications on pages that follow.KEY AA -- Ground Line BB -- Track Gauge16 16-21RippersSpecification Diagrams Radial Ripper Fixed Parallelogram RipperRadial Ripper*Track-Type TractorsFixed Parallelogram Ripper16-22NOTE: Letters correspond to ripper specifications on pages that follow.KEY AA -- Ground Line* -- Tip StandardTrack-Type TractorsTip Selection Estimating Ripping ProductionRippersTIP SELECTION FOR THE D8R/D8T, D9, D10 AND D11 RIPPERSThree tip configurations (short, intermediate and long) in two styles (centerline and penetration) are available for economical operation in a variety of conditions.RECOMMENDED TIP USAGEShort -- Use in high impact conditions where breaka ge problems occur. The shorter the tip, the more it resists breakage.Intermediate -- Most effective in moderate impact con ditions where abrasion is not excessive.Long -- Use in loose, abrasive materials where break age is not a problem. Generally offers the most wear material.Centerline vs PenetrationThe materials being ripped and the tractor doing the ripping will both have an effect on which tip will do the best job. High density material requires a "penetration" tip. High impact material requires a "centerline" tip. The following is a general guide to tip application.Tips to useRipping ConditionD8R/D8TD9D10 D11Tandem Tractors . . . . . . . . . Short Short ShortSingle Shank andMulti-shankExtreme Duty . . . . . . . . . Int. Short ShortMedium Duty . . . . . . . . . Long Int. Int.Abrasive Duty . . . . . . . . . Long Long LongAlways use the longest tip that will wear without exces sive breakage. Different tips should be tried to determine the most economical.ESTIMATING RIPPING PRODUCTIONRipping costs must be compared to other methods of loosening the material -- usually drilling and blast ing -- on a cost per ton or bank cubic yard basis. Thus, an accurate estimation of ripper production is needed to determine unit ripping costs.There are three general methods of estimating ripping production:1.The best method is to record the time spent ripping, then remove (using scrapers or loaders and trucks) and weigh the ripped material. The total weight divided by the time spent will give hourly prod uc tion. If the contractor is paid by volume, then a density must be used and the accuracy is only as good as the density used. For payment by volume removed, method 2 may be desirable. Some care will be needed to assure that only ripped material is removed.2.Another method is to cross-section the area and then record the time spent ripping. After the mate rial has been removed, cross-section the area again to determine the volume of rock removed. The vol ume divided by the time spent ripping gives the rip ping rate per minute or hour.3.Timing the ripper over a measured distance is the least accurate method, but valuable for quick esti mating on the job. An average cycle time should be determined from a number of timed cycles. Turn-around or back-up time must be included. Measure the average rip distance, rip spacing and depth of penetration. This data will give the volume per cycle from which the production in bank cubic yards can be calculated. Experience has shown results obtained from this method are about 10 to 20% higher than the more accurate method of crosssectioning.An example of the measured distance method for calculating ripper production is:Data -- D10T2 -- No. 10 with one shank. 910 mm (36 in) between passes. 1.6 km/h (1 mph) average speed (including slippage and stalls).Every 91 m (300 ft) requires 0.25 min to raise, pivot, turn, and lower again: 91 m (300 ft) = 1 pass.610 mm (24 in) penetration. Full time ripping (no pushing or dozing assignment).1616-23Rippers Estimating Ripping ProductionTrack-Type TractorsExample of Estimating Production (Metric)Time per pass: 1.6km/h = 26.7m/min. Then 91m = 3.41min;26.7m/min 3.41min+0.25min(turntime)=3.66min/pass.If the operator works an average of 45 min per h, it is possibletomake = 45 = 12.3passesperh3.66 Volume ripped: 91 m 0.9 m 0.6 m = 49.1 BCMper passProduction = 49.1 12.3 = 604 BCM per hRemember the results from this method are usually 10 to 20 per cent higher than the actual production that can be expected on the job. Example of Estimating Production (English)Time per pass: MPH = 88 fpm. Then 300 ft = 3.41 min;88 fpm 3.41 min + 0.25 min. (turn time) = 3.66 min/pass.If the operator works an average of 45 min per h, it is possibletomake = 45 = 12.3passesperh3.66 Volume ripped: 300 3 2 = 66.7BCYperpass27Production = 66.7 12.3 = 820 BCY per hr NOTE: The demands of heavy ripping will increase the normal owning and operating costs of the tractor.These costs should be increased no less than 30-40% in heavy ripping applications to estimate rock loosen ing costs.There is no ready answer or rule-of-thumb solution to predict ripping production. Even if everything is known about the seismic velocity of the material, its composi tion, job conditions, equipment and operator, only a "guesstimate" can be given. The final answer must come from a production study obtained on the job site.Sample problem (Metric)Determine the loosening costs in the following situation:Machine--D10T2 Tractor with No. 10Single Shank RipperRip Spacing--915 mmRipper Penetration --610 mmRip Distance--91 mRip Time--3.41 minutesManeuver Time --0.25 minutesSeismic Velocity --1830meterspersecondAssume60min.hourSolution:1. Total Cycle Time = 3.41 + 0.25 = 3.66 min Cycles/hour= 60 min/hr =16.4 3.66 min/cycle2. Production per cycle = 91 m 0.9 m 0.6 m = 49.1 BCM/cycle3. Production = 49.1 BCM/cycle 16.4 cycles/h = 805 BCM/h4.Remember results of this method are usually 10 to 20% high. Actual Production = 80%of805BCM/h = 644 BCM/h Or90%of805BCM/h = 725BCM/h5. Owning and Operating Costs A D10T2 (ripping only) could have a $115.00/h O & O costs including $30/h operator. 6. Loosening Costs $115.00/hr 644 BCM/h = $0.179/BCM $115.00/hr 725 BCM/h = $0.159/BCMThe loosening cost should range from 15.9¢ to 17.9¢/BCM Sample problem (English)Determine the loosening costs in the following situation:Machine--D 10T2TractorwithNo.10Single Shank RipperRip Spacing--3 feetRipper Penetration --2 feetRip Distance--300 feetRip Time--3.41 minutesManeuver Time --0.25 minutesSeismic Velocity --6000 feet per secondAssume 60 min. hour16-24Track-Type TractorsEstimating Ripping Production Using Seismic ChartsRippersSolution:1. Total Cycle Time = 3.41 + 0.25 = 3.66 minCycles/hour= 60 min/hr =16.4 3.66 min/cycle2. Production per cycle = 300 3 2 =66.7 BCY/cycle273. Production = 66.7 BCY/cycle 16.4 cycles/hr = 1094 BCY/hour4.Remember results of this method are usually 10 to 20% high. Actual Production = 80% 1094 = 875 BCY/hr or 90% 1094 = 984 BCY/hr5. Owning and Operating Costs A D10T2 (ripping only) could have a $115.00/hrO & O costs including $30/hr operator6. Loosening Costs $115.00/hr 875 BCY/hr = $0.131/BCY $115.00/hr 984 BCY/hr = $0.117/BCYThe loosening cost should range from 11.7¢ to 13.1¢/BCY USE OF SEISMIC VELOCITY CHARTSThe charts of ripper performance estimated by seis mic wave velocities have been developed from field tests conducted in a variety of materials. Considering the extreme variations among materials and even among rocks of a specific classification, the charts must be rec ognized as being at best only one indicator of rippability.Accordingly, consider the following precautions when evaluating the feasibility of ripping a given formation:--Tooth penetration is often the key to ripping suc cess, regardless of seismic velocity. This is partic ularly true in hom*ogeneous materials such as mudstones and claystones and the fine-grained caliches. It is also true in tightly cemented forma tions such as conglomerates, some glacial tills and caliches containing rock fragments.--Low seismic velocities of sedimentaries can indi cate probable rippability. However, if the fractures and bedding joints do not allow tooth penetra tion, the material may not be ripped effectively.--Pre-blasting or "popping" may induce sufficient fracturing to permit tooth entry, particularly in the caliches, conglomerates and some other rocks; but the economics should be checked carefully when considering popping in the higher grades of sandstones, limestones and granites.Ripping is still more art than science, and much will depend on operator skill and experience. Ripping for scraper loading may call for different techniques than if the same material is to be dozed away. Cross-ripping requires a change in approach. The number of shanks used, length and depth of shank, tooth angle, direc tion, throttle position -- all must be adjusted according to field conditions. Ripping success may well depend on the operator finding the proper combination for those conditions. NOTE: For more detailed information of ripping pleaserefer to The Handbook of Ripping (Media No. AEDK0752).1616-25RippersRipper Performance D8R/D8TTrack-Type TractorsD8R/D8T Multi- or Single Shank No. 8 Ripper Estimated by Seismic Wave VelocitiesSeismic VelocityMeters Per Second 1000Feet Per Second 1000012341 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15TOPSOIL CLAY GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKSGRANITE BASALT TRAP ROCKSEDIMENTARY ROCKSSHALE SANDSTONE SILTSTONE CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA CALICHE LIMESTONEMETAMORPHIC ROCKSSCHIST SLATEMINERALS and ORESCOAL IRON ORERIPPABLEMARGINALNON-RIPPABLE16-26Track-Type TractorsRipper Performance D9RippersD9 Multi- or Single Shank No. 9 Ripper Estimated by Seismic Wave VelocitiesSeismic VelocityMeters Per Second 1000Feet Per Second 1000012341 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15TOPSOIL CLAY GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKSGRANITE BASALT TRAP ROCKSEDIMENTARY ROCKSSHALE SANDSTONE SILTSTONE CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA CALICHE LIMESTONEMETAMORPHIC ROCKSSCHIST SLATEMINERALS and ORESCOAL IRON ORERIPPABLEMARGINALNON-RIPPABLE16 16-27RippersRipper Performance D10Track-Type TractorsD10 Multi- or Single Shank No. 10 Ripper Estimated by Seismic Wave VelocitiesSeismic VelocityMeters Per Second 1000Feet Per Second 1000012341 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15TOPSOIL CLAY GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKSGRANITE BASALT TRAP ROCKSEDIMENTARY ROCKSSHALE SANDSTONE SILTSTONE CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA CALICHE LIMESTONEMETAMORPHIC ROCKSSCHIST SLATEMINERALS and ORESCOAL IRON ORERIPPABLEMARGINALNON-RIPPABLE16-28Track-Type TractorsRipper Performance D11RippersD11 Multi- or Single Shank No. 11 Ripper Estimated by Seismic Wave VelocitiesSeismic VelocityMeters Per Second 1000Feet Per Second 1000012341 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKSGRANITE BASALT TRAP ROCKSEDIMENTARYSHALE SANDSTONE SILTSTONE CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA CALICHE LIMESTONEMETAMORPHICSCHIST SLATEMINERALS and ORESCOAL IRON ORERIPPABLEMARGINALNON-RIPPABLE16 16-29RippersRipper Performance D11 CDTrack-Type TractorsD11 CD Single Shank No. 11 Ripper Estimated by Seismic Wave VelocitiesSeismic VelocityMeters Per Second 1000Feet Per Second 1000012341 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15GLACIAL TILL IGNEOUS ROCKSGRANITE BASALT TRAP ROCKSEDIMENTARYSHALE SANDSTONE SILTSTONE CLAYSTONE CONGLOMERATE BRECCIA CALICHE LIMESTONEMETAMORPHICSCHIST SLATEMINERALS and ORESCOAL IRON ORERIPPABLEMARGINALNON-RIPPABLE16-30Track-Type TractorsEstimated Ripper Production Graphs D8R/D8T D9RippersCONSIDERATIONS FOR USING PRODUCTION ESTIMATED GRAPHS: Machine rips full-time -- no dozing. Power shift tractors with single shank rippers. 100% efficiency (60 min hour). Charts are for all classes of material. In igneous rock with seismic velocity of 8000 fps (2450 mps) or higher for the D11, and 6000 fps (1830 mps) or higher for the D10, D9 and D8R/D8T, the production figures shown should be reduced by 25%. Upper limit of charts reflect ripping under ideal condi tions only. If conditions such as thick lamination, vertical lamination or any factor which would adversely affect production are present, the lower limit should be used.PRODUCTION (BCY/hour)3250 3000 2750 2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000750 500 250D8R/D8T WITH SINGLE SHANKA B2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 2502345678SEISMIC VELOCITY (in feet per second x 1000)12SEISMIC VELOCITY (in meters per second x 1000)PRODUCTION (Bm3/hour)PRODUCTION (BCY/hour)PRODUCTION (Bm3/hour)3250 3000 2750 2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000750 500 250D9 WITH SINGLE SHANKA B2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 2502345678SEISMIC VELOCITY (in feet per second x 1000)12SEISMIC VELOCITY (in meters per second x 1000)KEYA -- IDEAL B -- ADVERSE1616-31PRODUCTION (Bm3/hour)RippersEstimated Ripper Production Graphs D10 D11 D11 CDTrack-Type TractorsPRODUCTION (BCY/hour)3250 3000 2750 2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000750 500 250D10 WITH SINGLE SHANK AB2500 2250 2000 1750 1500 1250 1000 750 500 25023456789SEISMIC VELOCITY (in feet per second x 1000)12SEISMIC VELOCITY (in meters per second x 1000)D11z CD WITH SINGLE SHANK50003750A400030003000 2000B10002250 1500 7502345678 9 10SEISMIC VELOCITY (in feet per second x 1000)123SEISMIC VELOCITY (in meters per second x 1000)PRODUCTION (Bm3/hour)PRODUCTION (Bm3/hour) PRODUCTION (BCY/hour)D11 WITH SINGLE SHANK500037504000A30003000 2000B10002250 1500 7502345678 9 10SEISMIC VELOCITY (in feet per second x 1000)123SEISMIC VELOCITY (in meters per second x 1000)KEYA -- IDEAL B -- ADVERSEPRODUCTION (BCY/hour)16-32Hard Rock SpecificationsHARD ROCKLoad-Haul-Dumps (LHDs)Underground TrucksCONTENTSHARD ROCK Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-2 Load-Haul-Dumps (LHDs):Bucket Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-3 Turning Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-417 17-1Hard Rock FeaturesFeatures, all models: Rugged design for underground application. Engineered for productivity, reliability, safety and machine rebuildability. Extensive use of steel castings and forgings. Computerized machine function monitoring. Four wheel enclosed wet disc brakes. Remote Control Interface Group options and scalable autonomy options on loaders. Payload control system option on all loaders and selected trucks. Ride control system operational on all loaders and selected trucks. Fully enclosed air conditioned operator stations available. Operator Stations are ROPS certified. Autodig on LHD. Traction control. Operator safety monitoring. PLE data management.Product Line: Six models of Load-Haul-Dump (LHD) machines, with rated bucket payloads ranging from 6800 kg (14,991 lb) to 20 000 kg (44,100 lb). Five models of articulated dump trucks, with pay load capacities of 22 000 kg (48,501 lb) to 63 000 kg (138,891 lb).17-2Load-Haul-Dumps (LHDs) Bucket SelectionHard RockBucket Capacityyd3m34.4 3.4R1300G4.1 3.13.7 2.83.3 2.5kg/m3 1000 lb/yd3 16861200 26501400 30901600 35301800 39702000 2200 2400 2600 4410 4850 5290 5730Material Density2800 61703000 66103200 70503400 75003600 7950Bucket Capacityyd3m37.7 5.9R1600H7.3 5.66.3 4.85.5 4.2kg/m3 1000 lb/yd3 16861200 26501400 30901600 35301800 39702000 2200 2400 2600 4410 4850 5290 5730Material Density2800 61703000 66103200 70503400 75003600 7950Bucket Capacityyd3 m3 11.2 8.6R170010.5 8.09.8 7.58.6 6.68.0 6.17.5 5.7kg/m3 1000 lb/yd3 16861200 26501400 30901600 35301800 39702000 2200 2400 2600 4410 4850 5290 5730Material Density2800 61703000 66103200 70503400 75003600 7950KEYBucket Fill Factor17110%100%90%17-3Hard RockLoad-Haul-Dumps (LHDs) Bucket Selection Turning DimensionsBucket Capacityyd3 m3 11.6 8.9R2900G10.9 8.39.4 7.28.2 6.3kg/m3 1000 lb/yd3 16861200 26501400 30901600 35301800 39702000 2200 2400 2600 4410 4850 5290 5730Material Density2800 61703000 66103200 70503400 75003600 7950Bucket Capacityyd3 15.2m3 11.613.7 10.512.4 9.5R3000H11.6 8.9kg/m3 1000 lb/yd3 16861200 26501400 30901600 35301800 39702000 2200 2400 2600 4410 4850 5290 5730Material Density2800 61703000 66103200 70503400 75003600 7950KEYBucket Fill Factor110%100%90%Turning DimensionsModelOuter Turning Radius Inner Turning Radius Articulation AngleR1300G5717 mm 225.1" 2825 mm 111.2"±42.5°R1600H6638 mm 261.3" 3291 mm 129.6"±42.5°R17006857 mm 270" 3139 mm 124"±44.0°R2900G7323 mm 288.3" 3383 mm 133.2"±42.5°R3000H7536 mm 296.7" 3247 mm 127.8"±42.5°17-4WASTE HANDLINGCONTENTSIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES, SORTING AND TRANSFER STATIONSMaterial Recovery Facilities, Sorting, and Transfer Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Overview: Changing Attitudes in Waste Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-2 Primary Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-3 MRF's (Material Recovery Facilities), Sorting Stations, Recycling Stations . . . . . . 18-3 MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-3 Types of Transfer Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4Equipment Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-4 Machine Selection Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5 Wheel Loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-5 Hydraulic Excavators (Tracked and Wheeled) . . 18-7 Track-Type Tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-7 Track Loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-7 Landfill Compactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-7 Work Tools for Material Recovery Facilities, Sorting and Transfer Stations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-7LANDFILLSLandfills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8 Compaction Power with the Cat Compaction Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8 Payload Systems for Loaders, Haulers and Managers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8 Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8 Landfill Overview: Landfilling Now and in the Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-8Equipment Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10 Track-Type Tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10 Track Loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-10 Landfill Compactors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18-11 Wheel Loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-11 Hydraulic Excavators (Tracked/Wheeled) . . . . . 18-11 Wheel Tractor-Scrapers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-11 Articulated Trucks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-11Work Tools for Working in Waste Landfill Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-11Machine Selection Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-12 Type of Waste and Refuse Densities . . . . . . . . . . 18-14The Current U.S. Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-14 Recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-15 Wet Waste . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-16 Factors Governing Compaction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-16 Compaction Comparison Estimate . . . . . . . . . . . 18-17 Landfill Estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-18 Example Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-18 APPLICATIONS Green Waste/Composting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-20 Waste Related Energy Production . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-20 Landfills -- Renewable Power with Landfill Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-20 TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-21 TRACK LOADERS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-22 LANDFILL COMPACTORS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-23 Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-24 WHEEL LOADERS Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-26 APPLICATIONS Work Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-291818-1Waste Handling MRF's, Sorting andTransfer StationsIntroduction Safety Overview Material Recovery Facilities, Sorting, and Transfer StationsINTRODUCTIONAn increasing volume of refuse is generated by every person, household, commercial and industrial, entity day after day ... 365 days a year. Disposal of this waste is a major concern worldwide. Increased governmental regulations designed to protect the environment along with rising transportation and land acquisition costs dictate that customers need to be cost conscience. Waste applications are very demanding and are a significant user of earthmoving and specialty mobile equipment, parts, and service. Caterpillar has Waste Specialists in each of the below categories. If you have questions, please contact your local dealer, Waste representative, or go to Cat.com.SAFETYWaste industry operators work in some of the world's harshest conditions, so Caterpillar has developed a range of safety resources to help your organization build a culture that delivers everyone SAFELY HOME. EVERYONE. EVERYDAY.TM Caterpillar Safety Services offers training programs, safety checklists, Toolbox Talks, videos, virtual walk arounds and other resources specific to the waste industry at www.cat.com/safety. Click on the Industry Safety tab, and then select Waste.OVERVIEWWaste applications are some of the harshest environ ments that machines and operators will work in. By definition waste is any discarded, rejected, aband oned, unwanted or surplus material.The Waste Stream -- It is important to understand the type of material you are working with when trying to spec a work tool and machine. Through many site assess ments and machine productivity/competitive testing, we have found one underlying theme, the type of waste stream and site conditions, will dictate the type of work, tool, and machine. Residential waste (MSW), cons truc tion and demolition (C&D), green waste, comm ercial waste, wet waste*, industrials and sludges, auto fluff/car shred, etc., are just some of the types of waste that are dealt with daily. Each type of waste has different charac teristics and properties. Weights of these materials could be as low as 148 kg/m3 (250 lb/yd3) to over 1187 kg/m3 (2000 lb/yd3) (sludges and soils). For example, during a recovering/recycling application, your work tool Fill Factor could be as high as 150200% when dealing with some MSW and shredded C&D.MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES, SORTING, AND TRANSFER STATIONSSafetyMRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations are not only harsh but busy environments. Inbound loads, mobile equipment, tip floor personnel, and outbound loads, are only a part of the traffic and dynamics dealt with minute by minute in very close settings. Proper PPE (personal protective equipment) for people, guarding for machines, and safety equipment on machines, are essential to keep safe.TechnologyDue to the demanding type of applications within MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations, machine technol ogy has to lead the way in offering the ability to: scale loads, manage fuel and machine utilization, keep tire wear to a minimum, and help the operator with visual safety front and rear. Eco Modes on machines allow the ability to switch to a fuel saving mode. Product LinkTM helps with tracking fuel burn, machine idle time and utilization. Traction control enables the operator to keep tire wear to a minimum.Overview: Changing Attitudes in Waste ApplicationsMRF's (material recovery facilities) sorting, and transfer stations are becoming an important part of the waste industry. Diversion of waste from landfills is a global trend. The European Union, (EU), Canada, Japan, are just a few of the countries who divert 5075% of their waste stream away from landfills. Cardboard, plastics, paper, food and green wastes are recovered, recy cled, or composted. Major changes in the waste stream dictate different methods to gain density. The old man tra of "45 passes is enough," now becomes 47 passes so that materials can be shredded and bound together for higher densities. The U.S.A. is following this trend as regulations become stricter and the costs of siting/ building landfills become higher. Transfer stations become a necessity as disposal sites continue to decline and/or move further away from city centers. MRF's, Sorting/ Recycling and Transfer Stations all help reduce primary road and landfill traffic which helps create a safer environ ment for all.*Wet Waste -- Several country's, regions, and areas glob ally have concerns with waste that has a high moisture content. If you or your customer are working with a `higher moisture content' type of waste, please see the Wet Waste section under Landfills -- Types of Waste and Refuse Densities.18-2Material Recovery Facilities, Sorting, and Transfer StationsWaste Handling MRF's, Sorting and Transfer StationsPrimary Roles MRF's (Material Recovery Facilities) Sorting and Recycling Stations are designed to divert recyclable materials from the waste stream. Depending on whether the material is single stream, co-mingled, or pre-sorted, the goal is to divert recyclable material for re-consumption thus lowering the amount of waste placed in a landfill. The natural life of the land fill will be extended by this action. Additional sav ings of hauling costs can be realized by recovering/ recycling materials close to the source (at the MRF or Transfer Station). Transfer stations, are designed to consolidate the loads of several residential vehicles in to long-haul vehicles such as rail cars, transfer trailers, barges, and ISO con tainers. On an average 25 inbound loads or more (depending on method of haul) can be consolidated into one outbound load. As a result, transfer stations offer cost savings over direct haul to landfills.MRF's (Material Recovery Facilities), Sorting Stations, Recycling StationsA well-coordinated recycling program will reduce volume going to the landfill by 50% or more. Trends are towards sorting and 1 of 2 types of MRF's. Dirty MRF -- A dirty MRF accepts mixed waste, (normal household waste that has not been separated) that later may be sorted for recycling. Recoverable/ recyclable materials are sorted either by hand or auto mation or a combination of the two. The materials are either baled and/or are hauled to a plant/industry that will utilize the recovered goods. Clean MRF -- A clean MRF accepts source sep arated materials from residential or commercial sources. These are normally delivered in separate collection vehicles. As in the `dirty' MRF, materials are either sorted by hand, automation, or a comb i nation of both, baled and/or are taken to someplace that will recycle or utilize the recovered goods. Sorting Stations -- Some transfer stations are designed for some waste diversion from mixed streams and are normally described as `sorting stations.'MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations ApplicationsThere is a wide range of variability in MRF, Sorting and Transfer Station applications and operations. Depend ing on facility size, amount of material handled, type of station, etc. a wide variety of mobile equipment could be utilized.In all the facilities mentioned above, materials are tipped by residential or commercial vehicles on to a tip platform or tip floor area. The materials are stockpiled then loaded into hoppers, conveyors, or a haul vehicle. Wheel loaders and excavators (tracked or wheeled) are the primary equipment for stockpiling, loading, sorting, topping off loads, and `tamping' material into the haul vehicles."Volumetric consolidation of material" (normally in Transfer Station applications) is a method of comp res sion and shredding that helps reduce the size of the waste loaded into a haul vehicle. It helps maximize the allow able weight carried by each haul unit. Common machines used for material consolidation are, track-type tractors, track loaders and comp actors. These machines are equipped with track shoes or tips/teeth that help in shred ding, compression, and reduction of the volume of waste. In most instances, machines performing the material consolidation/reduction are aided by a wheel loader or excavator.For all applications within MRF's, Sorting, Recycl ing, and Transfer Stations, there is normally support equipment aiding the primary equipment. Small and compact loaders and excavators, backhoe loaders, skid steer loaders, and fork lifts, are just a few of these machines being utilized.18 18-3Waste Handling MRF's, Sorting andTransfer StationsMaterial Recovery Facilities, Sorting, and Transfer Stations Equipment SelectionTypes of Transfer StationsGlobally, top loading and compaction transfer sta tions are the two most popular designs. There are many different types of transfer stations, but, most conform to these two designs.Top loading systems are the most common and sim plest to operate. In top loading designs, there are nor mally five types of loading arrangements: direct, surge pit, full separation, half separation, and same level or floor loading. Depending on the type of transfer station, wheel loaders, excavators (tracked or wheeled), dozers, track loaders, and compactors can be utilized alone or in systems providing quick efficient waste handling.Compaction transfer stations utilize hydraulic com paction equipment prior to or during the loading of the haul vehicle to compress the material into bales/ logs or into the haul vehicle itself. The hydraulic com pactor can be top loaded or side loaded by wheel loaders or excavators, depending on the type of design.EQUIPMENT SELECTIONIn waste applications, the largest single cost in daily operations is purchasing, operating, and maintaining the equipment that will handle the waste. Undersized, inadequate, or unreliable equipment results in ineffi cient operation and higher maintenance and fuel costs. As in many Cat® applications/industries, right sizing equipment should follow the familiar path of; Task, Tool, Machine. TASK: Understand the task or applic ation the machine will work in. TOOL: What tool or tools will aid the machine in performing the task most effi ciently? MACHINE: After finding the `right tool(s)' to perform the job, then match it to the right sized machine.Equipment in MRF, Sorting and Transfer Station applications perform the below operations. 1. Stockpiling the Waste. Once it is dumped onto thetip floor, wheel loaders, wheeled or tracked excava tors, track-type tractors, track loaders, or compactors will push the material up into a stockpile. Stockpil ing helps: recover storage and working space within the building, get the waste slightly denser, store the waste till it can be processed or loaded.Factors for a machine in stockpiling are: type of tool, reach, lift, ceiling height, storage space, and maneuverability.2. Recovering and Sorting. Waste streams are rich in recoverable/recyclable materials. Waste diversion or recovery not only helps reduce the amount of waste going to landfills, but adds to profitability when sold to commodity markets. Sorting and recovery prior to stockpiling or loading can be accomplished with specialized machines equipped with sorting grabs, grapple buckets, or grapples. Stockpiled materials are sorted prior to loading or when loaded with grapples or grapple buckets. All sizes of equipment could be used depending on type of material and material flow. Compact wheel loaders/excavators, skid steer loaders, backhoe loaders, medium wheel loaders and excavators, and telehandlers should be sized accord ing to amount of waste and type of application and type of tool(s) needed. It should be noted that in this type of application couplers on primary and sup port equipment could be a necessity.3. Loading the Waste. No matter what type of haul/load out, vehicle/conveyor or hopper, materials are either pushed, load and carried, grappled or bucket loaded into transport vehicles or containers. Wheel loaders, tracked or wheeled excavators, track-type tractors, track loaders, compactors or any combination of these (systems) can be utilized. Note that the type of loading application will dictate the type of tool and machine necessary for optimum efficiency in the loading process.4. Reducing Volume of Material. Haul vehicles/trans port vehicles need to leave with the maximum allow able weight for the type of transportation mode being used. Wheel loaders and tracked or wheeled excava tors can keep stockpiling or turning the waste to get the waste more dense. However, best compression, shredding and volume reduction of the waste is seen by layering waste in thin layers, continuous running over (passes) the waste, turning the waste, and "work ing" the waste. Track-type tractors, track loaders, and compactors normally see an average of about 60120 kg/m3 (100200 lb/yd3) higher density than wheel loaders or excavators in this type of applica tion. Type of track or wheel/tip design is very impor tant for shredding and compression in this type of application.18-4Equipment SelectionWaste Handling MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations5. Support Equipment. Primary equipment often are supported by machines performing; clean up and sorting with specialized work tools, sweeping with brooms, stacking and loading with pallet forks or bale clamps, etc. Compact wheel loaders and excavators, backhoe loaders, skid steer loaders, and telehan dlers equipped specifically for the tasks they need to perform can increase production and effic iency in all areas. Most of the time one or two machines are equipped with couplers to increase their versatility and efficiency helping lower costs.Machine Selection FactorsParameters that could influence tool and machine size, quantity, and possible combinations of machines in MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations could include: 1. Amount and type of daily waste to be handled (dailytonnage). During daily inbound tonnage, some peak delivery times occur. It has been found that approx imately 50%60% of inbound tonnages occur on 23 "Peak" hours/times of the day. Depending on the inbound tonnage during these times, machines could be spec'd towards these peak times (type and size of facility). What loading platform (top loading/ compaction facilities) are they using and how much overall space to work in. 2. Facility load out dynamics. a.Maneuverability b. Ceiling height c. Floor size/storage space d. Floor arrangements e. Type of load out (below grade, ½ separation, samelevel, surge pit -- loading) f. Haul unit specifications g. Inbound/outbound traffic patterns 3. Requirements for volume reduction for higher ton nages in load out. 4. Supplemental tasks performed in daily operations. 5.Budget. 6. Future growth.NOTE:W aste applications place high demands on machine ry requiring protection of the machine and its components. Special guarding is needed on all moving parts like axles and drive shafts. Windshields, fuel and hydraulic tanks, radia tors, hoses, engine enclosures, are all vulnerable to debris and damage and require guarding. Specially designed debris screens and radiators will ensure clean out and better heat transfer for more efficiency.Wheel Loaders Wheel loaders are normally the primary machineused in MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations. Wheel loaders are designed, guarded and built in factory to withstand these harsh environments. Primary opera tions include: sorting and recovery of materials, push and stockpiling of waste, cleaning floors, support work, and loading conveyors/hoppers/and outbound haul vehicles. Depending on type of material, reach needed, amount of sorting required, ceiling height, floor wear, and type of load out, the machines can be equipped with a wide variety of buckets, attachments and tires. Keeping the thought process of Task, Tool, Machine in mind, a good knowledge of the facility, its waste stream, and type of support work, is needed to `right size' the wheel loader(s) for these applications. Compact Wheel Loaders (906920) -- Normally usedin small tonnage MRF's/Sorting Stations or as support in larger stations, maneuverability and ver satility (coupler equipped) are its main strengths. Small Wheel Loaders (924938) -- Used in small medium MRF's, Sorting and Transfer Stations and as support in larger stations, the small wheel loader brings maneuverability and versatility (coupler equipped) to these types of applications. Medium Wheel Loaders (950, 962, 966, 972, 980, 966XE and 972 XE) -- When larger tasks, better reach, higher stockpiling, larger tonnages, etc. are needed, a medium sized wheel loader is normally utilized. These machines have excellent weight to horsepower ratio for better traction and moving larger loads. The following Wheel Loader Operating Recommen dations Chart is an estimate of possible machine(s) for tonnages and type of facility. (Note: Keep in mind the task/application the machine will work in, what tool(s) might accomplish the tasks and then size the machine.)1818-5Waste Handling MRF's, Sorting andTransfer StationsEquipment SelectionWheel Loader Operating RecommendationsTons per Day VolumeClean MRF Recovery/Recycling0-100906-930100-350908-930a350-500930-950500-1000930-950a*1000-1500938-950e*1500-2000950-966e*2000-2500950-966e*2500-3000950-966e*3000 Plus966-980e*C&D = Construction and DemolitionDirty MRF/ Sorting Station924-930 924-930a 930-950* 938-950e* 938-966e* 966-980e* 966-980d,e* 966-980e*980eWaste Transfer Station 924-930 924-938a 938-966* 950-966c*966-980d* 966-980d,e* 966-980d,e* 966-980e*980eC&D MRF 930-950 950-966d* 966-980a* 966-980* 950-980d,e* 950-980e* 950-980e* 950-980e*980eC&D Transfer Station930-950b 950-966d* 950-966d* 950-980d* 966-980d,e* 966-980d,e* 966-980d,e* 966-980d*980d,e*Depending on inbound/outbound tonnage, reach, production required, this machine could step up to either a 962 or 972.a = Multiple machines recommended (contact your local Cat dealership for recommendations) b = Depends on type and density of C&D material c = Waste stream mixture may require multiple machines d = Operating hours may require additional machines e = Multiple machines requiredThe above are rule of thumb estimates. Your application might vary enough to change the machine for the above recommendations. Other questions that might need answered are:What are you loading? Conveyors, haul vehicles, hoppers, etc.? If loading conveyors or drums -- what are the feed capacities, FPS rate? How much storage capability in your building? What type of loading are you performing? How much reach is required for stockpiling and loading? "Other" required operations that the machine might perform?Additional ConsiderationsAll facilities are different and require special considerations when ordering and specifying tools and equipment. If tonnage and operating hours change, then tool and machine might change. Machine weight has to balance power to ground for best traction on slick floors. Keep in mind Task, Tool, Machine. (What type of work will the machine be asked to perform during the shift? What tool(s) will apply to that type of work cycle? What machine fits to that type of tool?)It should be noted that most of the wheel loaders being sold into MRF, Sorting and Transfer Stations are high lift. This arrangement offers increased reach and lift height not only for loading and stockpiling, but in case the haul vehicle has to be brought to the same level as the machine to be loaded. 18-6Equipment SelectionWaste Handling MRF's, Sorting and Transfer StationsHydraulic Excavators (Tracked and Wheeled)Hydraulic excavators (tracked and wheeled) are often found in MRF, Sorting and Transfer stations either as a prim ary or secondary tool for loading haul vehicles/ conveyors/hoppers, tamping and finishing off loads, and sorting materials. Fast cycle times are the primary advantage of an Excavator over a Wheel Loader. Wheeled excavators come with a maneuverability advantage espe cially in tight loading and stockpiling areas. Depending on the type of application, tracked and wheeled excava tors would be equipped either for high production loading/ compaction, or with sorting/separating tools for recovery of recyclable materials.Again, keeping the Task, Tool, Machine concept in mind, you should take into account the following when sizing a tracked or wheeled excavator. Type of material and density, tonnage, work load for the machine, ceiling height, work area/swing area, floor size, along with maneuverability needed, ability to `see' into haul vehicles or down into the floor load out area (cab risers), and reach. Special guarding packages, radiators, and revers ing fans are options that may be needed to meet the most demanding needs.Track-Type TractorsWaste Handling Track-Type Tractors are designed, guarded, and built in factory so that they can accom modate all waste applications. Although its primary use is for pushing and layering the waste and cover mate rials in landfills they offer alternative waste movement and volume reduction in large transfer stations and C&D transfer stations. Ex: In surge pit operations where waste is tipped into a level below the tipping floor. Tracktype tractors will push, layer, and compress/shred the mater ial during operations and push into a haul vehic le. This method is used when maximum volume reduction is required or peak rate of waste exceeds available floor space.Track LoadersWaste Handling Track Loaders are designed, guarded, and built in factory so that they can accommodate all waste applications. Transfer stations are a strength for this machine due to its versatility in this application. Sorting, pushing, layering, and compaction are all part of typical operations within the transfer station applic a tion. Just like the track-type tractor, the track loader is used in higher tonnage transfer stations, C&D transfer stations, and when waste needs volume reduction. Equipped with a multi-purpose bucket, the track loader can sort, push, layer, compress and shred, and load material into outbound haul vehicles.Landfill CompactorsAlthough landfill compactors are designed for spread ing and compacting large volumes of material in a land fill environment, in some instances, transfer stations might have a large enough working area to allow the comp actor to be utilized to reduce waste volume prior to loading into haul vehicles. They offer two advantages in this type of application. 1. They are configured and guarded to work in thistype of environment. 2. They achieve higher compression, shredding, andcompaction levels compared to other machines. CAUTION! Operating a landfill compactor, tracktype tractor, or track loader on a concrete floor could be counterproductive due to floor wear and maintenance costs. Always keep a layer of waste between the floor and machine until final movement of the day. Wheel loaders and/or excavators (wheeled/tracked) should be used to support these machines. (Please see #4 under previous Equipment Selection.) (It is not recommended to use a landfill compactor larger than the 826.)Work Tools for Material Recovery Facilities, Sorting and Transfer StationsAs described in the opening statements of this section, the waste stream can consist of many different types of materials sometimes all blended together. For that rea son, work tools become a very important part of moving, sorting, and dozing in waste applications.At the end of this section, there will be a Work Tool section and chart discussing possible tools to use. Please contact your dealer/regional waste representative for more information.18 18-7Waste Handling LandfillsLandfillsLANDFILLSSafetyLandfills are harsh and busy environments. A variety of vehicle traffic on haul roads, busy tipping areas, people on the tip floor, a large variety of different types of waste, mobile heavy equipment operations, special waste haulers, etc. are all part of the dynamics of a landfill working face. Proper PPE (personal protective equipment) for people, guarding for machines, proper training, and safety equipment on machines, are essen tial for a safe work environment.Compaction Power with the Cat Compaction TechnologyOur AccugradeTM Cat Compaction Technology software supplies dependable, real-time data in the form of pass count, compaction and cut/fill mapping, as well as map sharing. Utilizing 3D mapping technology, Cat Compaction Technology offers system options for a variety of landfill sizes and waste management needs. The result? With proper machine usage, you could see up to 40% better compaction. Ask your dealer for more details.Payload Systems for Loaders, Haulers and ManagersWhether you're using wheel loaders or excavators, onhighway trucks, off-road haulers or hoppers, there is Cat Payload technology made for your applications. Operators can see how much they're lifting in every bucket load and when they've reached optimum hauler capacity. Managers can then track tonnage output on whatever time frame they need.Cat® Command is revolutionizing equipment operation. By removing the operator from the machine, Command opens up new possibilities--for safe operation in hazardous areas, for improved sightlines in tricky applications, for enhanced productivity by putting operators in more comfortable settings or by enabling them to manage multiple machines at once.Cat® Detect safety technology helps operators become more aware of their surroundings and automatically prevents them from engaging in certain unsafe operations. Proximity sensing systems limit machine movement in tight spaces, while cameras and other sensors keep operators informed about equipment and personnel working near their machines.Cat® Inspect allows you to access your equipment data on your mobile device. This easy-to-use app lets you capture inspection data and integrates with your other Cat data systems, so you can keep a close eye on your fleet. More than one million inspections are completed each year, providing convenience and accountability to equipment owners.TechnologyDue to the demanding environment and its possible applications, machine technology has to lead the way in offering the ability to: manage fuel and machine utili zation, keep undercarriage cost to a minimum, and help the operator with visual safety front and rear. Eco Modes on machines allow the ability to switch to a fuel saving mode. Product Link helps with tracking fuel burn, machine idle time and utilization. Computers, VIMSTM (Vital Information Management Systems,) and Trac tion Control (in some track-type tractors) helps opera tors control spin and keep track of mileage to help decrease undercarriage wear.Landfill Overview: Landfilling Now and in the FutureAlthough recovering and recycling materials is becoming more prevalent, landfilling still provides a place to deposit waste materials or refuse not able to be recovered/recycled. A landfill protects the environment by disposing of the waste in an engineered cell. Siting, designing, building, and operating a landfill is costly. Depending on country, state, region, etc., landfills have to design and operate to very strict regulations. Proper equipment selection and daily operating techniques can maximize and extend the operational life of the landfill along with lowering costs.Primary types of landfills are MSW (municipal solid waste/residential), C&D (construction and demolition), and Hazardous (hazardous industrial sludges, asbestos, etc.) with the majority of landfills being MSW or residential waste. Landfills can take in many different types of materials and will range from less than 90 metric tons/day (100 tons/day) to over 13 610 metric tons/day (15,000 tons/day). Depending on the country you live in and its regulations on recycling, the waste stream going to the landfill could be a mix of food wastes, packaging, plastics, cardboard/paper, metals, C&D, etc. In some highly regulated countries, food wastes, plastics, cardboard/paper, metals, and C&D, are diverted to C&D landfills, composting sites, and/or facilities that will recycle the recovered product.18-8LandfillsWaste Handling LandfillsIn keeping with environmental concerns, most land fills have a highly engineered method of dealing with leachate, gas, and inbound waste. (See the Caterpillar Equipment and Application Guide -- Waste Landfills or your countries Environmental Landfill sites.) Once cell, leachate, and gas methane extraction development are in place, the basics are to: push, layer, compact the waste in thin layers, adding daily cover or ADC (altern ative daily cover) sparingly. The idea is to fill the landfill with as much waste as possible without robbing airs pace by using too much cover soil.Diversion rates of recoverable materials within the EU Canada, some Asia Pacific countries, and starting in the U.S. will eventually reach 60%80% diversion or more. This will all depend upon commodity markets and the demand for the recycled materials. It also drastically changes the waste stream going to the landfill. The type of waste going to a landfill from a good divers ion plan is normally light plastics, packaging, hard to handle materials, metals and materials that can't be recycled. This waste stream might require different handling, processing, amount of passes, and compaction techniques to shred and compress it as much as possible and possibly different wheel tips and tip patterns. (See text in Factors Governing Compaction --Developing a Pattern and Running Proper Passes.)18 18-9Waste Handling LandfillsEquipment SelectionEQUIPMENT SELECTIONA landfill's largest single cost for daily operations is purchasing, operating, and maintaining its mobile equipment fleet. Undersized, inadequate or unreliable equipment results in low machine utilization, higher fuel and maintenance costs and eventually improper landfill operations.Landfill equipment performs three major distinct functions: 1. Waste disposal: Which includes, pushing, spreading,and compaction. Track-type tractors, track loaders, and landfill compactors are primary machines in this application. 2. Cover material mining and application: Machines will provide daily cover requirements whether cover soil or ADC (alternative daily cover). If supplying cover material is a machine's sole function, then it can be selected on the same criteria as normal earthm ov ing. Distance to borrow pit, material characteristics, volume to transport, production needs, underfoot conditions, etc. are all important in right sizing the equipment. Lowest cost is determined by best effi ciency and lowest cost/m3 (yd3). 3. Support activities: What `other' roles might the equip ment be asked to accomplish or what support is needed for the primary equipment? Water trucks to keep dust down, motor graders to maintain haul roads, wheel loaders/excavators/backhoes/skid steer loaders, telehandlers, etc., with couplers that can utilize all types of work tools, generators, service vehi cles, air compressors, etc. are all necessary equipment to keep the landfill running efficiently. 4. Peak periods: Most landfills have to deal with 24 peri ods during the day where more volume of waste is delivered by more inbound vehicles than normal. These are called peak periods. Depending on the size of the landfill and amount of peak waste coming in, it should be noted that some landfill equipment can or should be specified in order to handle these peak times of waste and vehicles. There are many variables when choosing the "right" sized equipment for landfill use. Again, we point to the direction of thinking: Task, Tool, and Machine. What are the application, production, compaction, support requirements? What tool or tools can accomplish this task? And finally, what machine(s) will handle the tool(s) most efficiently? (To help with `right sizing' a compactor and/or track-type tractor together, Waste Fleet Analysis/ WFA (downloaded at Dealer.Cat.com) can be utilized as a rule of thumb to determine possible compactors/ track-type tractors and combinations of the two.)Track-Type TractorsWaste Handling Track-Type Tractors are designed, guarded, and built in factory so that they can accom modate all waste applications. The track-type tractor is the most popular machine on the landfill. They prepare the site, build haul roads, push/spread/and sometimes compact the refuse, spread cover material, and perform a variety of support functions. Quantity of material to be moved/hr., type of inbound delivery vehicles, distance of push, support work needed, etc., all should be taken into consideration when sizing a track-type tractor for its application. Econ omic distances for dozing waste or cover soil efficiently is no more than 90 m (300 ft) or less. The track-type tractor, when used to compact, can achieve densities of approximately 475590 kg/m3 (8001000 lb/yd3) (MSW, 3:1 or less slope, multiple passes).Track LoadersWaste Handling Track Loaders are designed, guarded, and built in factory so that they can accommodate all waste applications. These machines are highly versatile and perform many primary and support activities. They can be used in any size landfill and are ideal for landfills under 135 metric tons (150 tons) since they can work solo to perform waste handling and cover material functions. Equipping the machine with a coupler or a multi-purpose bucket increases its versatility. The multi-purpose bucket can be used for pushing waste, sorting materials, and dozing cover soils. The machine can be equipped with different track options from doub le to single grouser allowing it to work in normal opera tions or be utilized to more aggressively shred materials (Heavy MSW or C&D). Utilizing correct methods of compaction, (spread thin and load the bucket with soils to increase weight) will achieve higher densities during compaction. Compaction densities can range from 475590 kg/m3 (8001000 lb/yd3).18-10Equipment SelectionWaste Handling LandfillsLandfill CompactorsLandfill Compactors are specifically designed, built, and guarded in the factory to effectively shred and com press large volumes of waste. Depending on landfill size and amount of tons inbound daily, the compactor will work solo (pushing, spreading, compacting) han dling all the inbound waste, or work in tandem with a track-type tractor (track-type tractor -- push/spread, compactor -- shred/compact). When working the track-type tractor and landfill compactor together as a "system," productivity and compaction densities will increase. Depending on the type of waste stream to be compacted, initial waste density, depth of the layer spread, and size/weight of the landfill compactor, compaction densities can be 5931100 kg/m3 (10001854 lb/yd3). Although the comp actor can work on steeper slopes, best slopes for highest density for landfill compactors are 4:1 or less.Wheel LoadersWheel loaders are designed, guarded and built in fac tory to withstand these harsh environments. Not rec ommended as a compaction machine, wheel loaders are mobile and versatile and sometimes are used by com mun ities sharing a single machine which can travel and support community/landfill projects. Wheel loaders are normally equipped with a coupler and many different tools to make it more versatile. Loading cover soils, sort ing, clean up, spreading road material, and handling leachate/gas pipes are just a few of the activities wheel loaders perform in landfill applications.Hydraulic Excavators (Tracked/Wheeled)Every landfill has a tracked or wheeled excavator supporting its operations. Whether equipped with a coupler, which accommodates multiple tools, or a pinned attachment, wheeled and tracked excavators offer superior versatility in: cell development, cover soil mining, ditch/pond clean out, and leachate and gas extraction support. Wheeled excavators give you mobility and maneuverability along with the ability to be able to respond quickly to support needs. When loading cover materials is the primary application, it is critical to know the size of the haul vehicle, type of material, and pro duction required, so as to define the proper size bucket, stick, and finally machine to meet production needs.Wheel Tractor-ScrapersWheel tractor-scrapers mainly perform cover soil operations. Wheel tractor-scrapers work in site prepa ration, cell construction and hauling/placing cover material. When underfoot conditions are good and the haul over 185 m (600 ft) the wheel tractor-scraper will be economical. The machine should be selected as if performing a typical earthmoving application. Average sized landfills prefer the work alone capability of either an elevating or twin engine scraper since they are selfloading machines. Larger landfills sometimes utilize larger pushpull scraper units to meet their daily cover soil production needs. Preferably, the scraper unloads the cover material close to the working face where tracktype tractors or track loaders can push and spread the material in the required layer depth. This will reduce tire damage and extra maintenance costs to the machine.Articulated TrucksArticulated trucks are versatile, highly maneuverable, all weather haulers that can negotiate poor underfoot conditions. Like wheel tractor-scrapers, articulated trucks work in site preparation, cell construction, and hauling/ placing cover material. Articulated trucks are normally loaded by a variety of loading tools and econ omically effective with hauls from 0.2 km5 km (600 ft3 miles). In dump configuration, cover material is dumped close to the work face and spread by a supporting track-type tractor or track loader. Ejector configured trucks are preferred and provide safer on-the-go dumping in nor mal to softer more sloped ground conditions where a "dump configuration" machine would not be suitable. Cat articulated trucks offer optional container handling and refuse body configurations for specialized landfill applications.Work Tools for Working in Waste Landfill ApplicationsAs described in the opening statements of this sec tion, the waste stream can consist of many different types of materials sometimes all blended together. For that reason, work tools become a very important part of moving, sorting, and dozing in waste applications.At the end of this section, there will be a Work Tool section and chart discussing possible tools to use. Please contact your dealer/regional waste representative for more information.18 18-11Waste Handling LandfillsEquipment SelectionMachine Selection FactorsSelecting the type, size, quantity, and combination of machines required to spread, compact, and cover vary ing daily refuse volumes is determined by the following parameters: 1. Amount and type of waste to be handled (daily tonnage) (peak periods should be charted and reviewed and taken into considerations) 2. Amount and type of cover material to be handled 3. Distance cover material to be transported 4. Compaction/density requirements 5. Weather conditions 6. Supplemental tasks 7.Budget 8.Growth A.Daily tonnage and peak periods -- Amount of waste produced by a community is the major variable in selecting the appropriate sized machine. The fol lowing chart serves as a "guideline" in sizing a land fill machine. For example, if a community generates approximately 180 metric tons (200 tons) of refuse per day, a D6, 953, and/or an 816F2 landfill comp ac tor could be considered. Depending on the tonnage, type of waste, and peak periods, multiple machines or a `system' of machines (ex: 836K and D8T) could be considered. As discussed earlier, peak periods during the day, (periods of time where a higher than normal average amount of waste comes in) could dic tate what size machine is needed to keep up with the inbound waste. During these times, another machine could be added to the mix until the waste is layered and compacted correctly. B. Amount and type of cover material to be handled -- Landfill, size, type, and methods of operation vary dramatically from site to site. The type and amount of cover material utilized is important. The use of Alternative Daily Cover (ADC) is highly reco m mended to reduce loss of valuable airspace. Landfill managers track cover material use as close as they track their airspace and maintenance. The use of cover material is broken down into three segments: daily, intermediate, and final. Landfill operators agree that daily cover should be no more than 10% or less of the entire lift. No matter how much daily or inter mediate cover is used, the growing trend is to remove or `mine' cover material prior to beginning the daily operation in that area. The total combination of daily and intermediate cover if not removed, could end up being more than 25%35% of total landfill airspace loss. Removal of cover material increases airspace and helps facilitate leachate and gas migration.Blade/bucket design is paramount if a machine is used specifically for working with cover soil. Straight blades, Semi U blades, and multi-purpose buckets are primarily used by track-type tractors and track loaders. With the need to carry and layer cover mate rial to an exacting maximum, blades/buckets that can shed material easily are recommended. If the machine will be used in waste and cover soil operations, then a Semi Universal blade (for load and carry) and the multi-purpose bucket are good recommendations. C. Distance cover material is to be transported -- Whether working with daily, intermediate, or final cover, the following guidelines are recommended for cover mate rial movement. Quantity of material to be moved, required production, and maintenance results, must also be considered when using these guidelines.Track-type tractor0-61 m (0-200 ft)Track loaderPush/spread0-61 m (0-200 ft)Load & Carry/spread 0-150 m (0-500 ft)(Type of material/application needs to beconsidered for possible excessive track wear)Wheel loader0-185 m (0-600 ft)Wheel tractor-scraper over 185 m (over 600 ft)Articulated truckover 185 m (over 600 ft)(Haul distance, road and borrow pit conditions,weather, tip area dynamics -- all need to betaken into consideration when making a decisionto use a scraper or articulated truck)D.Compaction requirements -- Best utilization of air space is critical to extending landfill life. Quantity and type of material, work face variables, operator skill, operating hours, size and type of equipment, etc., all play a part in achieving high densities. Highest density is gained by utilizing a `system' approach of machines (track-type tractor pushing and spreading -- compactor leveling and compacting) or to a lesser extent, just using a compactor. The following product segments of this section will contain features, specifications, and work tools for primary Cat Waste Handling machines. Additional drawbar/rim pull vs. groundspeed charts, ground pressures, controls, production estimating tools, information, can be found in respective product sections within this Performance Handbook.18-12DDDD6756XEWWWHWHHAHAAA D8T D9T 953 963 973 816 826K 836KEquipment SelectionWaste Handling LandfillsThe below Machine Tonnage and Usage Selection Factor Guide should be considered a `rule of thumb.'To use; find the amount of tonnage/day that the land fill takes in (left column) -- to the right of that column find the possible machines that could be used for that amount of tonnage (marked by an ×). Please note that depending on the type of waste, amount of waste/day, and even amount of waste/hr., a single machine could be utilized or multiple machines might be necessary.For example: Follow the left column down to 45.3 to 136 Metric Tons/day (50 to 150 tons per day) -- For MSW Landfills -- All the machines marked by ×'s could be utilized. Smaller machines for smaller ton nages, larger machines for larger tonnages. Depending on budget and required density, and required support activity, a single machine might be used or a comb in a tion of machines could be needed.Machine Tonnage and Usage Selection Guide0 to 45.3 Metric Tons per Day (0 to 50 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other45.3 to 136 Metric Tons per Day (50 to 150 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other136 to 227 Metric Tons per Day (150 to 250 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other227 to 317.5 Metric Tons per Day (250 to 350 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other317.5 to 453.6 Metric Tons per Day (350 to 500 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills453.6 to 680.4 Metric Tons per Day (500 to 750 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other680.4 to 907.2 Metric Tons per Day (750 to 1000 Tons per Day)MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other907.2 to 2721 Metric Tons per Day (1000 to 3000 Tons per Day)*MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other2721 PLUS Metric Tons per Day (3000 PLUS Tons per Day)*MSW LandfillsConstruction and Demolition Landfills/Other*Might require multiple machines or `systems.' Systems = dozer/compactor combination (S).18 18-13Waste Handling LandfillsType of Waste and Refuse DensitiesTYPE OF WASTE AND REFUSE DENSITIESThe type and density of the waste stream inbound to MRF's, Sorting/Transfer Stations, and Landfills deter mine how it is handled, the type of work tool, and ulti mately the type of machine to handle it. Type of waste to be handled will strongly influence machine selection. The major waste components for the community and landfill should be identified and machine selection based on the type of waste and compaction density required. For example, if the site receives a high proportion of material that is hard to compact like medium to heavy C&D waste, (rocks, bricks, concrete, tree stumps, tele phone poles, etc.) a landfill compactor might have a hard time achieving normal densities without the help of a track-type tractor or track loader. Tracked machines have more difficulty pushing and compacting bulk waste such as trees, road materials, iron, etc. A combination or "system" of both tracked machine and landfill com pactor might work best. Depending on the type of waste, different tip/cleat designs will help with shredding, trac tion, and density.On average, Americans generate approximately 2 kg (4.4 lb) waste/day while the European Union (EU) gen erates about 1.4 kg (3.0 lb) waste/day. (Before recovery/ recycling) Waste composition varies from location to location, the following charts are representative of the waste stream in the U.S. and EU. (Please note that the growing trend within the EU and to a lesser extent the U.S. is to use waste as a resource. Subsequently the num bers represented in these charts will have annual changes.) The EU-27 are avoiding waste to landfills through recov ery, recycling, composting, and incineration, and are trying to use waste as a resource. For the EU-27, approx imately 38% of waste is landfilled. The U.S. is currently approximately 33% recovered/recycled with a slow trend towards composting.Generally, loose residential and commercial refuse weighs 150267 kg/m3 (250450 lb/yd3). A refuse truck will increase this density to 237593 kg/m3 (4001000 lb/yd3). Once ejected from the refuse truck, some waste has a `rebound' tendency and it will lose some density. Typi cally, loose on the landfill, we see loose refuse weights with an average of 207475 kg/m3 (350800 lb/yd3). This waste needs to be compacted and in-place densities can vary from between 356889 kg/m3 (6001500 lb/yd3) depending on the shredding and compression applied by the compacting machine. C&D landfill sites, depending on type of inbound material, sometimes see a wide range of densities from 5931187 kg/m3 (10002000 lb/yd3) (depending on compacting machine). Cover material will raise fill densities 119296 kg/m3 (200500 lb/yd3) from the numbers above. When asked about the density of their landfill, most managers will give you the `in-place with cover' estimates of density -- Please see weights of refuse below:Loose Refuse: Packer Truck: Fill Density: Refuse and Cover:Weight of Refuse kg/m3 148-237 237-474 355-949474-1186lb/yd3 250-400 400-800 600-1600 800-2000The Current U.S. PictureEPA began collecting and reporting data on the generation and disposition of waste in the United States more than 35 years ago. The Agency uses this information to measure the success of materials management programs across the country and to characterize the national waste stream. These Facts and Figures are current through calendar year 2018.18-14Type of Waste and Refuse DensitiesWaste Handling LandfillsThe total generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in 2018 was 292.4 million tons (U.S. short tons, unless specified) or 4.9 pounds per person per day. Of the MSW generated, approximately 69 million tons were recycled and 25 million tons were composted. Together, almost 94 million tons of MSW were recycled and composted, equivalent to a 32.1 percent recycling and composting rate. An additional 17.7 million tons of food were managed by other methods. Other food management includes the following management pathways: animal feed, biobased materials/biochemical processing, co-digestion/ anaerobic digestion, donation, land application and sewer/wastewater treatment. For more information on food management, see Food: Material-Specific Data. In addition, nearly 35 million tons of MSW (11.8 percent) were combusted with energy recovery and more than 146 million tons of MSW (50 percent) were landfilled.More InformationCheck out the Facts and Figures methodology. See our Sustainable Materials Management web area for relevant information and our State Measurement Program page for state-specific information. EPA refers to trash, or MSW, as various items consumers throw away after they are used. These items include bottles and corrugated boxes, food, grass clippings, sofas, computers, tires and refrigerators. However, MSW does not include everything that may be landfilled at the local level, such as construction and demolition (C&D) debris, municipal wastewater sludge, and other non-hazardous industrial wastes. While the analysis in Facts and Figures focuses primarily on MSW, EPA has been including estimates of C&D generation and management as a separate non-hazardous waste stream in recent years.RecyclingThe total MSW recycled was more than 69 million tons, with paper and paperboard accounting for approximately 67 percent of that amount. Metals comprised about 13 percent, while glass, plastic and wood made up between 4 and 5 percent.Measured by tonnage, the most-recycled products and materials in 2018 were corrugated boxes (32.1 million tons), mixed nondurable paper products (8.8 million tons), newspapers/mechanical papers (3.3 million tons), lead-acid batteries (2.9 million tons), major appliances (3.1 million tons), wood packaging (3.1 million tons), glass containers (3 million tons), tires (2.6 million tons), mixed paper containers and packaging (1.8 million tons) and selected consumer electronics (1 million tons). Collectively, these products accounted for 90 percent of total MSW recycling in 2018.18 18-15Waste Handling LandfillsFactors Governing Compaction Compaction Comparison EstimateWet WasteThere are a number of global landfills that deal with a heavier than normal amount of `wet waste,' or waste with higher than normal moisture content. In previous discussions, `type of waste' will determine how the waste is handled or worked. With higher than normal moisture contents, the idea of `multiple' passes (35) will be changed. For example, the waste will already be heavier/ denser than normal (ex: 1186 kg/m3 or 2000 lb/yd3) this type of waste might only require a track-type tractor or track loader to spread it. During the spread cycle, the shredding/tearing action of the track cleats pro vides an additional density. Or, the compactor could be equipped with a `wider' flotation wheel (optional wheel from Caterpillar) that provides better flotation along with shredding and compression that will add to the density of the waste. Whiche ver system is used, less passes on the waste are needed to reduce the waste and add to density. (Too many passes could lead to the waste breaking down and causing traction/flotation problems on the landfill.)FACTORS GOVERNING COMPACTIONThere are four factors that will determine best compaction density (layer thickness, patterns/passes, slope,and moisture content). The three areas that can be affectedmokgst/mb3y plrbo/ypde3r machine applications are:1.11Rt10a00e00nftufsaec1Lt8o0a0ryienrThickness -- The gaining maximumsingle most impor density is the deptho90f0 the l1a6y00er being spread to compact. Depending ont8h00e amo14u0n0 t of tips/wheel, type of tips, type of waste,DENSITYa70n0d we1ig20h0t of the machine, optimum layer depth willv60a0ry. T1h00r0ough field testing and computer analysis,oad543000npe000ptaitlmhyzufeom86dr0000.elaBayceehlrocdwoempatprheascgtfuooirrd.heilginheesstodfeonpsittiymhuamvebeen layera20.0 816 --4000.30.4 m (1215 in)b10.0 826 --2000.450.5 m (1820 in)c.0 836 --00.50.6 m (20 24 in)Layers mayTTbT/eTTpLlaced81t6hF2icker h82o6wever; d83e6nsitywill be reduced no matter how many passes the compactor performs.Below is a Layer Thickness chart based on MSWand 4 passes by an 836.lb/yd3 kg/m3150010007501000 500500 250LAYER THICKNESS000 .5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Meters0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Feet2. Developing a Pattern and Running Proper Passes -- Maximum compaction density is obtained by putting the waste down in proper layer height, run ning a proper pattern and going over the waste with the proper number of passes. Those operators who develop a pattern, (starting from one side of the work ing face and running passes over entire area that waste has been layered in a logical sequence) and run proper amount of passes, normally obtain high density. In the past, it was said "that 35 passes is maximum to achieve highest density. Any more passes does not justify the added fuel and maintenance for the incre mental gain in density." Again, through testing and computer modeling, it has been noted that running an extra 12 passes diagonally (45 degrees) over the waste after the first 4 passes, can achieve higher den sity through `shredding and knitting' the waste together (less cover soil/ADC could also be used due to the blending of the waste). In many countries, the `diver sion' of compost and biodegradable materials leaves some waste streams very dry. Drier waste streams demand more passes than normal, (sometimes 58 passes,) so that the material can be shredded or broken down properly for best compaction density.Increasing Density18-160 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Number of machine passesFactors Governing Compaction Compaction Comparison EstimateWaste Handling Landfills3. Slope -- Maximum density is achieved by shredding and compression of material. Track-Type Tractors and Track Loaders achieve highest density on a 3:1 or less slope. The dynamics of track and gravity work ing together help shred material into smaller pieces. Although Landfill Compactors can work on steeper than 4:1 slopes, their best density is realized at 4:1 or less. The flatter the slope the better the density. The weight of the compactor is more efficiently utilized and concentrated on flatter slopes. Slight slopes sometimes add higher density due to the shearing stress that aids in shredding and blending of mater i als. Depending on degree of slope and whether work ing with another machine, (track-type tractor, dozer, or compactor) fuel use can sometimes be better uphill or downhill. Of course production is always better downhill. Again, depending on type of material and slope, tip selection for the compactor should be taken into consideration.COMPACTION COMPARISON ESTIMATEThe following graph may be used as a rule of thumb for the compaction ranges of landfill machines assuming the proper operating technique is employed. (The mid ranges of each graph is assuming average waste stream and average operator.)DENSITYkg/m3 lb/yd31100 1800 1000 900 1600 800 1400700 1200600 100050080040060030020040010020000TTT/TTL 816F2826836With correct operating procedures, tip/track/tool selection, and finally machine selection, density can be increased. An example of how increased density can increase landfill life is depicted in the next charts.EXAMPLE OF INCREASED COMPACTION ON POTENTIAL LANDFILL LIFELandfill refuse capacity1 530 000 m3 (2,000,000 yd3)Operating days260Daily volume365 metric tons (400 tons)Yearly volume94 328 metric tons (104,000 tons)CompactionLandfill LifeGain 590 kg/m3 1000 lb/yd39.6 years0 710 kg/m3 1200 lb/yd311.5 years1.9 years 830 kg/m3 1400 lb/yd313.4 years3.8 years 950 kg/m3 1600 lb/yd315.3 years5.7 years1070 kg/m3 1800 lb/yd317.2 years7.6 yearsCOMPACTOR PRODUCTION GUIDELINESModelMetric Tons/hrU.S. Tons/hr836K140135826K120115816F26565Parameters for the above: MSW, 4 passes, 1830 m (60100 ft) push distance, 4:15:1 slope, good operator.All models are making 3 to 4 passes.A pass is defined as: A machine traveling over the refuse one time in one direction on flat ground.Adverse (uphill) or favorable (downhill) grades, deep layered waste, hard to handle waste, etc., will affect the above production figures.(For tons/day -- multiply by the amount of hours the machine will work in a days time.)A.Weather Conditions -- Inclement weather affects production and density. Equipping machines with the proper track shoe or wheels and tips for the typ ical climate it works in will increase production and density while decreasing costs.B. Supplemental Tasks -- There are a wide variety of tasks to be performed daily on a landfill. Understand ing the `supplemental' tasks that a machine might be asked to perform daily is paramount to adding the work tool(s) and right sizing the machine. For example, will the machine be required to perform site clearing, asked to build or maintain access roads, excavate cover soil, etc.? Logical choices of machines could change according to type of tasks and versa tility required.C.Budget -- Smaller landfill operations with limited budgets may have to consider single machine versatil ity ahead of specialized machines or multiple units.D.Growth -- Population growth or added contracts can both increase and change inbound refuse. Future increases/decreases in refuse, type of material, density of material, etc., must be considered to properly pick tools and size machines.18 18-17Waste Handling LandfillsLandfill Estimating Example ProblemsLANDFILL ESTIMATINGExample Problem #1A professional engineer has developed a small, rural landfill master plan. The local legislative regulatory agency has approved the plan and site. Assume:Waste generation: 2.04 kg/day (4.5 lb/day) per person Waste collection: 6 days/week Topography: flat Land availability:area has several suitable sites at nominal price Population served: 30,000 Projected population in 3 years: 40,000 Current daily refuse volume: ? Type of refuse: mostly household, some commercial Operation: propose 8 hours/day, 51/2 days/week Present equipment: none -- new site What would your comments and recommendations be on the following:? a. Probable amount of refuse generated daily? b. Type of machine for the proposed Landfill? c. Size of machine for the proposed Landfill?Solutiona. The current incoming waste stream can be deter mined to be 2.04 kg/day (4.5 lb/day) per person 30,000 people = 61.2 metric tons (67.5 tons) daily. You must now multiply that daily generation rate by 7 for the total weekly generation, and divide by the number of days that the waste is collected (6). There fore, your waste collection per day will be (61.2 tons/ day 7 days)/6 days of collection = 71.4 metric tons (78.7 tons) collected daily. The same equation can be used to determine the three year projected waste stream of 40,000 resi dents to be 81.6 metric tons (90 tons) generated daily, 95.2 metric tons (105 tons) collected each day.b. Track loader -- excavating ability, single machine application based on tonnage requirements.c. 953C handle current refuse, and has extra capacity for future growth. Small compactor if additional compaction is required.Example Problem #2Existing landfill has been in operation for several years. Assume:Type of operation: area fill Cover material: suitable material within 90 m (300 ft) Current daily refuse volume: 500 metric tons (550 tons) Anticipated daily refuse volume in 3 years:680 metric tons (750 tons) Type of refuse: household, commercial, large amountof brush and building demolition debris Land availability: limited, very expensive Available Refuse Volume: 3 249 125 m3 (4,250,000 yd3) Operation: 8 hours/days, 51/2 days/week Present equipment: D8 (3 years old) What would your comments and recommendations be on the following: a. What range of in-place densities could be expected using a track-type tractor; a Cat steel wheeled landfill compactor? b. What effect does machine selection have on site life? c. What are the advantages and limitations of steel wheeled landfill compactors? d. What are the advantages and limitations of tracktype units? e. How many machines should be used on the site? f. What type should they be? g. What size should they be?18-18Landfill Estimating Example ProblemsWaste Handling LandfillsSolutiona. The Track-Type Tractor will achieve 475 to 595 kg/m3 (800 to 1000 lb/yd3) in-place density. The Cat steel wheeled landfill compactor will achieve 595 to 830 kg/m3 (1000 to 1400 lb/yd3) in-place density.b. There are 3 249 125 m3 (4,250,000 yd3) available. 500 metric tons (550 tons) per day is how many m3 (yd3)? Assume a minimum density of 475 kg/m3 (800 lb/yd3).1000 kg/500 metric tons/day metric ton 475 kg/m3= 1052 daym 3/550 tons/day 2000 lb/ton 800 lb/yd3= 1375 dayy d 3/5.5 days/week 52 weeks/year = 286 days/yearYearly volume: 1052 286 = 300 872 m3 1375 286 = 393,250 yd3Landfill life at this density:3 250 000 m34,250,000 yd3300 872 m3/ year= 393,250 yd3/year = 10.8 yearsSimilar calculations are performed to generate the fol lowing tables.500 METRIC TONS/DAY (550 TONS/DAY)Densitykg/m3lb/yd3Landfill Life (years)475 80010.8595100013.5715120016.2835140018.9950160021.6680 METRIC TONS/DAY (750 TONS/DAY)Densitykg/m3lb/yd3Landfill Life (years)475 8007.959510009.9715120011.9835140013.9950160015.9From the tables we determine that a track-type trac tor, at 500 metric tons per day (550 tons/day), will pro vide 13.5 landfill life years at 595 kg/m3 (1000 lb/yd3). Compaction will extend that life 5.4 years to 18.9 years at 835 kg/m3 (1400 lb/yd3).Proper compaction techniques are necessary to achieve the higher refuse densities and increase landfill life. c. Advantages: Provides highest compaction densitiesextending landfill life. Limitations: Specialty unit designed to spread and compact -- does not excavate virgin material eco nomically, but can handle stockpile cover material. d. Advantages: most versatile unit, well suited to site preparation, finishing and access road construction and maintenance; all weather machines with excel lent tractive ability. Limitation: compaction -- cannot achieve the in-place refuse densities of the specialized landfill compactors. e. Minimum of two. Additional equipment would depend on supplemental tasks. f. Track-type tractor -- for earthmoving and refuse spreading work; steel wheeled compactor-quantity of refuse and land cost would justify. g. D8 -- keeping existing unit; D9 -- when new tractor is necessary; 826H -- with large amount of demoli tion debris and brush and projected increase in ton nage would justify 826H over 816F2.NOTE:B allasting the wheels on Cat Landfill Compac tors to increase machine weight and achieve higher compaction densities is not recommended. Landfills are high rimpull applic ations. Ballasting the wheels will significantly increase machine weight but decrease overall performance when traveling on the fill. The additional weight of ballasted wheels will also result in reduced final drive life.18 18-19Waste Handling ApplicationsGreenWaste/Composting Waste Related Energy Production Landfills -- Renewable Power with Landfill GasGREEN WASTE/COMPOSTINGGreen waste and compostable material are being eliminated from most landfills. Composting is normally regulated at the state level in the U.S., and on higher governmental levels within the EU. Green and com postable waste is realized as: soil amendments, bio fuels, and incinerated energy sources. With more and more green waste and compostable material being diverted from the waste stream, tools and machines that can handle this type of waste are needed. Most commonly used are wheel loaders and excavators (wheeled/tracked) of all sizes. Most are equipped with coupler for versatility of different tools. Work tools utilized range from grapple buckets, multi-purpose buckets, and light material buckets for wheel loaders, to waste grapples, orange peel grapples, and sorting grabs for excavators. It is normal, in some areas, for regulations to request added cab filtration and protection from composting airborne debris.WASTE RELATED ENERGY PRODUCTIONThere are a variety of ways to produce energy from waste. C&D landfills, green waste, biodigesters, and comp osting facilities, will process wood, organics and other products for: gasification, bio fuels, possible incin eration, and energy from newer technologies.LANDFILLS -- RENEWABLE POWER WITH LANDFILL GASLandfill gas, composed mostly of methane and carbon dioxide, is produced naturally as organic waste decom poses in landfills. Driven by mandate of carbon reduc tion goals, modern sanitary landfills capture this gas for use as a renewable fuel in specially configured Cat land fill gas generator sets. These systems deliver reliable and environmentally sound electricity to the local community from 400 kW to 2 mW power nodes.Please contact your local dealership, Waste represen tative, or Cat.com for more information.18-20FeaturesWaste Handling Track-Type TractorsCat Waste Handling Track-Type Tractor modifi cations are purpose built and installed at the original manufacturing facility prior to shipment.Features: Landfill blade increases capacity Front and rear striker bars help protect machine from debris impact Clamshell guards on final drives and idler/final drive seals help prevent wire wrap and keep debris from wrapping around Duo-ConeTM seals. Bottom guard, chassis and tilt cylinder guards, and guarding over the fuel tank and battery box Center-hole track shoes help eject debris from the tracks. Specialized air handling features help deliver cleaner air to the machine and cab Lights mounted up and away from main debris area for protection, while providing plenty of light on the work area Cooling system designed for high debris environments and easy access for cleanout Powered cab precleaner is on back of cab to help increase cab pressurization and keep debris and odor out. Debris sealing in the machine improved Waste cab with dual pane windows, polycarb doors resistant to impact Better door sealing for improved cab pressurization Integrated beacon lights Striker bar box for Waste, no counterweight needed18 18-21Waste Handling Track LoadersFeatures953, 963, 973 Waste Handlers Waste Handler is a versatile machine for loading, sorting, excavation and spreading cover, well suited to the landfill or transfer station. Specialized guarding, striker bars and seals help protect the machine and components from impact and airborne debris. Final Drive guarding helps prevent wrapping and damage. Screen helps protect windshield and operator from breakage and debris. High debris cooling system radiator fan folds out for easy cleanout access. Specialized air handling features help deliver cleaner air to the machine and to the cab. Choice of buckets and track shoes allow you to further optimize the machine for greater performance and service life. Enhanced Cleaning Package reduces cleaning time, adds machine protection and increases compaction. Track loader power, traction and agility mean you can use one machine and one operator to do everything from clearing the site to installing utilities and finishing around buildings. FusionTM Quick Coupler option lets you make fast attachment changes with a wide range of tools like forks, buckets, etc. from wheel loaders and other Fusion compatible machines. Bucket/tooth, undercarriage, track shoe and attachment choices help you equip your machine for optimal performance in your applications. Purpose-built Waste Handler and Low Ground Pressure (LGP) configurations stand up to the toughest tasks.18-22FeaturesWaste Handling Landfill CompactorsFeatures: Caterpillar designed and manufactured power train ... for optimum match, performance and efficiency. Responsive Cat diesel engine. Single-lever planetary power shift. All-wheel drive. Center-point articulation ... excellent maneuv erabil ity. Front and rear drums track, so material is chopped and compacted twice each pass. Protective guarding ... helps keep trash from dam aging machine components. Cat landfill blades spread refuse and cover material ... built strong to handle the wide range of refuse encountered in landfills. Operator comfort and convenience ... sound sup pressed cab with pressurized and filtered air circula tion system. Adjustable suspension seat. Electronic Monitoring System and gauge package is standard. Striker bars ... standard on all Cat Landfill Compac tors, prevents refuse from being carried over the rear wheels. Caterpillar designed wheels ... We test and build a Cat system. Engineers who work together with our power train, structures and manufacturing engineers design and manufacture our wheels in the same facil ity in which the machines are designed and built. This ensures the entire system is complemented by each comp onent. If you alter components, you could com promise a system that was designed and tested for peak performance. If a wheel is produced that does not meet our design specifications and does not balance the load over our final drives, it could reduce the life of the bearing substantially and wear out other com pon ents creating unnecessary downtime. This also allows our standard axle guard system to work with the compon ents for which it was designed. Wheel and tip configurations ... Three new wheel and tip configurations are available to meet your particu lar application:1)Paddle tip -- High performance and less fuel burn with more traction and less weight.2)Plus tip -- Traditional design for increased side slope stability and more mass for longer life.3)Combination tip -- Both paddle and plus tips to give high performance with side slope stability.4)D iamond tips -- Diamond tips are high performance and rated up to 15,000 hrs. These tips are the heaviest of all tips but designed to last longer.18 18-23RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (%)(Grade + Rolling)Waste Handling Landfill CompactorsSpecifications Rimpullkg x 100026 24 22lb x 1000 605652 148816F220 4418 4016 3614 32 212 2860 5524 1050 45204083516306 1225204815241050020 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 mph0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 km/hSPEEDKEY1 -- 1st Gear 2 -- 2nd Gear18-24Specifications RimpullWaste Handling Landfill CompactorsRIMPULLkg x 100050 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0lb x 1000 120100806040200 00RIMPULLkg x lb x 1000 100070 16065 60 14055 120 5045 10040 35 8030 25 6020 40 1510 20 50000KEY 1F CD 1F CD with PTS 2F CD826K1 223446SPEED836K567 mph810km/h123452468SPEED6 1078 mph12km/h18 18-25Waste Handling Wheel LoadersFeaturesFeatures:The section below is 950 - 980 MWL: Tilt cylinder guard Heavy duty sliding guard mounts to the cylinder and protects the tilt cylinder rod from damage due to contact/impact from falling debris or material spillage over the work tool. If the rod(s) are pitted, scratched, the cylinder seals may be worn prematurely. Axle seal guard Axle seal guard bolts to the axle shafts and protect each axle seal by preventing material, springs, wire, from cutting and damaging seals as material winds around when the tires rotate. Front frame guard Guard bolts to the front frame to protect the caliper parking brake and prevent material accumulation front frame, protecting the front drive shaft. Hinged powertrain guard Powertrain guard bolts underneath the rear frame to protect the transmission from contact with debris and prevents material ingress around the transmission. The guard is hinged to make servicing easier. An electric actuator available to provide easy removal of accumulated debris. Hitch guard Hitch guard bolts to the butterfly plate to prevent debris from packing around the transmission and hydraulic pumps , while providing visibility to the transmission oil sight glass.. Steering cylinder guards Steering cylinder guards bolt to the frame just forward of the tires to protects the steering cylinders, sensors and pins from damage from debris from the rear tires. Light guards (roading, work, rear) Light guards protect the front roading lights, cab work lights (standard halogen and premium lights) and rear stop/tail lights from damage by debris. Steel rear deflectors The standard non-metallic rear deflectors are replaced with steel versions for use in extreme applications. Narrow steel front fenders The narrow steel front fenders replace standard full-coverage fenders to provide more clearance to walls when the machine is operating in a confined place. Reinforced service centers and platforms The electrical and hydraulic service centers are reinforced with additional bolted wear plates to resist damage to key components in the service centers. The service platforms are reinforced with welded-on plates to support additional weight for 3rd party suppression systems. Heavy-Duty ladder and cable steps The heavy duty ladder replaces the standard ladder to provide additional resistance to damage when the machine is operated in a confined space. Steel cables replace the standard rubber strap and mates with the heavy duty steps to withstand the extreme nature of the application. Turbine trash precleaner Cyclone engine air cleaner that uses centrifugal force to spin debris out of the air stream, extending the service interval for the air filter elements. A metallic screen prevents larger debris from clogging the filter. Carbon fresh air filter Activated charcoal filter replaces the standard cab recirculation filter to reduce the odor causing debris particles in the operator environment. Lift cylinder baffles Lift cylinder baffles prevent the accumulation of debris and compaction under the lift cylinders, protecting the cylinder from damage.The section below is SWL features: Windshield guard Windshield guard protects the cab glass from damage while working in tough waste applications. Guard can swing open for easy access to cleaning. Tilt cylinder guards Heavy duty sliding tilt cylinder guards provide protection against airborne debris and potential bucket spill material from damaging the tilt cylinders. Light guards Guards are provided to shield the front, rear and roading lights from debris damage while working in waste handling applications. Rear lights are not an option when rear waste gate is selected. Narrow steel front fenders Standard full-coverage front fenders are replaced with a heavy duty narrow steel fender design. These robust fenders are designed specifically to live in a waste handling application.18-26FeaturesWaste Handling Wheel Loaders Driveshaft guard Protecting the underside of the front half of the machine, these guards prevent debris build up and damage to major components such as the drive shaft. Hitch guard Provides protection to hitch area of the rear frame, preventing debris from entering the frame while allowing visibility to gear box site gauge.SMALL WHEEL LOADER GUARDING AND OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT 926-938 MACHINE MODELS Steering cylinder guard Provides protection to both steering cylinders, preventing damage to rods and cylinder seals. Power train side guard Mounts on side of machine to provide protection for the transmission components. Power train lower guard Protecting the underside of the rear half of the machine, belly guards prevent debris build-up and damage to major components such as the engine and transmission. Side power train guard is an option as well. Crankcase guard Mounts underneath machine to provide protection to the engine components. Rear waste guard gate Heavy Duty radiator guard provides additional rear machine protection in this tough application. The guard is hinged for easy access to the airborne debris screen and cooling cores. Reversing fan The reversing fan, with three settings, auto/off/manual along with a single plain, wide spaced and 100% sealed cooling package, will help clear out any debris that makes its way into the area. In the auto mode, the timing for the reversing fan can be customized to fit the application needs. Sealed alternator A filtered, brushless alternator is ideal for dusty or corrosive environments/applications. Turbine engine precleaner Turbine precleaner extends filter life and helps to provide clean air to the engine in high debris applications. RESPA cab filtration RESPA cab filtration system is a powered cab precleaning system which supplies clean air to the cab in high debris application.Recommended Waste Handling Options Powered crankcase and power train guards raise andlower at the flip of a switch allowing fast, easy and frequent cleanings. High lift arrangement increases bucket hinge pin height offering increased stacking and stockpiling capability. A critical feature when incoming volumes exceed conveyor capacity or floor space. Traction control system (TCS) option for 938H/ IT38H provides maximum traction in slippery condi tions. TCS electronically senses and limits wheel slip at each wheel independently. Limited-slip differential limits tire slip on both front and rear axles. Increases traction and reduces tire wear and scuffing in wet or dry conditions. Provides an alternative to the No SPINdifferential which is not recommended due to increased tire wear, turning interference and poor tracking on dry surfaces. Tire options: L-5 bias hard rock lug L-5 slick RL-5K Goodyear radials XMINE Michelin radials (varies by model) Foam-filled Hitch guards help protect components in hitch area from damage. Reversing radiator fan is hydraulically driven and can be reversed by a switch in the operator station or auto matically by timer. Reduces need for cooling system cleaning and improves cooling capability. Other guarding and options are available. Contact your Cat dealer for information.18 18-27Waste Handling Wheel LoadersFeaturesWork Tools Refuse bucket has excellent dozing and stockpiling capability. Large spill plate helps protect the machine from debris falling over the top of the bucket. Avail able in pin-on or quick coupler configurations. Pallet forks are ideal for handling refuse destined for further recycling or stacking refuse in landfills for covering. Multi-purpose bucket has the capability to clamp and sort large objects, doze cover material or other light dozing chores. Quick coupler increases versatility by allowing a sin gle machine to utilize a wide variety of work tools in a host of applications.18-28Work ToolsWaste Handling ApplicationsWORK TOOLSAs described in the opening statements of this section, the waste stream can consist of many different types of materials sometimes all blended together. For that rea son, work tools become a very important part of moving,sorting, and dozing in waste applications. (Continue to consider the thought process of; "what is the applic ation and material(s) you will work with -- then, what tool(s) will accomplish your objectives, and finally, what machine(s) will utilize that tool to perform in that application?")Wheel Loader Work ToolsMODEL924K, 930K, 938K, 926M 930M 938M950M, 962M, 950L, 962L, 950K, 962K, 950H, 962H966M, 972M, 966L, 972L, 966K, 972K, 966H, 972H980M, 980L, 980K, 980HBucket -- Load & CarryBucket -- DozingBucket -- Multi-PurposeBucket -- Waste Handling**The "Waste Handling" bucket is a current bucket that is being phased out and replaced by the Load & Carry and Dozing buckets. All are in the current price lists.NOTE: Other attachments available upon request. Contact your Cat dealer.NOTE: Learn more about available work tools @ Work Tool Central: https://dealer.cat.com/products/wtc.323DCR,333MMM122333900111ECD836LLDDD,,M,,3H3M2MM1H0339,11ED85MLLDD3,RN2R,2MD332221MDDH 3M23422D,D32M4HEL316EL ,315D 318E308E CRExcavator Work ToolsMODELGrapple -- Contractors'Grapple -- Demolition and SortingGrapple -- Orange PeelGrapple -- TrashNOTE: Normal Waste Applications utilize the Trash, Sorting, and Orange Peel Grapples. Depending on the application, these work tools might be advisable.NOTE: Learn more about available work tools in the Hydromechanical Work Tools chapter of the Performance Handbook.NOTE: Learn more about available work tools @ Work Tool Central: https://dealer.cat.com/products/wtc.(Chart continued on next page)18 18-29Waste Handling ApplicationsWork ToolsMH349E320C365C LMH3059345D, 349D, 345C MHMH3049336D, 336EM325D MH, 329D, 329E390D385C374DExcavator Work Tools (cont'd)MODELGrapple -- Contractors'Grapple -- Demolition and SortingGrapple -- Orange PeelGrapple -- TrashNOTE: Normal Waste Applications utilize the Trash, Sorting, and Orange Peel Grapples. Depending on the application, these work tools might be advisable.NOTE: Learn more about available work tools in the Hydromechanical Work Tools chapter of the Performance Handbook.NOTE: Learn more about available work tools @ Work Tool Central: https://dealer.cat.com/products/wtc.There are a variety of work tools for smallmedium wheel loaders that have couplers. It is important to check the tasks that the wheel loader will perform and equip as needed. The 924980 wheel loaders have three waste specific designed `pin on' buckets to choose from. Load & Carry Bucket -- An overall use bucket that is open and deep throated to gather and retain large loads. This bucket provides the ability to push, stockpile, load, and tamp no matter what type of loading is required. Doze Bucket -- The height of this bucket provides more of a push platform to move heavy loads on the floor into waiting haul vehicles. Its main strengths are for pushing, stockpiling, and loading below grade vehicles. Tamp and Clamp Bucket -- Designed with a longer snout and "optional" top clamps, this bucket is best for sorting, loading, and tamping haul vehicles with hard to handle materials. It has slightly less capacity than the load & carry and push buckets.There are a variety of waste work tools for excava tors and wheeled excavators. For Tracked and Wheeled Excavators you need to ask its primary use. Loading and Tamping, Sorting, Combination, Other Support? Trash Grapple -- Designed to load and tamp large loads of material into haul vehicles. They can perform some material separation, but its main strength would be to load and tamp. Sorting Grapple -- This grapple is designed to sort, separate, and load material. Equipped with a rotator, its main strength lies in the ability to separate mate rial quickly, swing/rotate, and load haul vehicles, conveyors, and hoppers efficiently. Orange Peel Grapple -- Also designed to sort, sepa rate, and load material, its main strength is in a slightly larger load capability than the sorting grab. It also has the capability to rotate. Contractor's Grapple -- Designed like the Waste Grapple, it is slightly smaller with a two over three tine configuration instead of four over five. It is heavier in construction and designed for materials heavier than MSW.There is a wide variety of work tools for Excavators (wheeled and tracked) that can be used in waste applica tions; the above are "waste handling" tools designed for the application.Support Work ToolsBrooms, pallet forks, bale clamps, blades, lifting arms, are just a few of the `coupler attached' work tools that are used within the waste industry. A thorough assess ment of primary and support roles of machine needs to be performed.As stated in the chart, please contact your Dealer/ Waste Representative or Cat.com websites for more information.18-3019WHEEL DOZERS SOIL COMPACTORSCONTENTSWHEEL DOZERSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-1 Machine Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-2 Counterweights and Ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-3 Tire Selection & Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-4SOIL COMPACTORSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5 Compaction Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-6 Compactor Types and Zones of Application . . . . .19-7 Estimating Production (Example Problems) . . . . . 19-8 Production Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-9 Ground Contact Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-10WHEEL DOZERSFeatures: Reliable Cat® power train: four-stroke-cycle diesel withadjustment-free fuel system ... full power shift with single lever on-the-go shifting. Articulated frame steering with hinge point midway between front and rear axles ... short turning radius, long wheelbase ... rear and front wheels track at all times. Machine balance ... equal weight distribution on axles when blading. All dozer functions, including tip and tilt, hydraulically controlled from operator's seat. STICTM (Steering Transmission Integrated Control) Steering is now offered on all Wheel Dozers.Throughout this document, references to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim, EU Stage IIIB, and Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 4 Final/Stage IV/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final, EU Stage V, and Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards. Throughout this document, references to Tier 1/Stage I include U.S. EPA Tier 1 and EU Stage I equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 2, EU Stage II, and Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 3, EU Stage IIIA, and Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent emission standards.19-1Wheel Dozers Machine SelectionCONSIDERATIONS IN MACHINE SELECTIONThe following factors should be considered when comparing wheels vs. tracks:Traction You can figure coefficient of traction, depending on underfoot conditions, from the Table Section in this book. Wheels -- up to 0.65 (in quarry pit with good floor) Track -- up to 0.90 (in soils permitting grouser penetration) Usable Rimpull = Machine Weight Coefficient of TractionSpeed Wheels -- travel speeds up to three times higher than track.Maneuverability Articulated steering and good visibility give wheel tractors high maneuverability.Cost See Owning and Operating Costs section. Tire vs. undercarriage costs can often be the deciding factor in selecting wheels or tracks.Compaction Ground Pressure: Wheels -- from 241 kPa (35 psi) to 310 kPa (45psi) Tracks -- from 82 kPa (12 psi) to 97 kPa (14 psi)Application Utility ... mobility, maneuverability and good speed suit wheel tractors for yard and stockpile work and for clean-up around shovels. Lower maintenance costs may be realized in certain soils that can be highly abrasive to track-type undercarriages. Coal pile ... recommend wheel tractors in this appli cation when following conditions are present: -- Long push distances -- Need for good material spread -- High degree of compaction desired Production Dozing ... a wheel tractor should be con sidered in the following conditions: -- Long push distances -- Loose soils, little or no rock -- Level or downhill work -- Good underfoot conditions Pushloading Scrapers ... a wheel tractor should be considered in the following conditions: -- Thin scraper cut -- Good underfoot conditions -- no rock -- Higher push speeds Chip and Coal Scoops ... a wheel dozer scoop should be considered in the following conditions: -- Long push distances --Light, well processed materials such as coal or wood chips -- High degree of compaction desired -- Low to modest grades19-2Counterweights and BallastWheel Dozers19COUNTERWEIGHTS AND BALLASTFor each specific application, there is a correct machine weight for proper balancing of traction, flotation, mobil ity and response. Low machine weight may increase tire slipping andwear, but improves flotation, mobility and machine response. High machine weight increases traction, but decreases mobility and response.The machine weight is optimum for the operating con ditions when wheel slipping barely occurs in the gear being used. Weight distribution under operating condi tions should then be approximately equal between the wheels to balance power to each axle.Application Lower machine weight is usually required for applications such as fill spreading, stockpiling, road mainte nance, towing compactors, and shovel cleanup. These are generally performed in either first or second gear. However, usage of second gear may involve a tradeoff of increased GET wear on the blade.Higher machine weight is usually required for appli cations such as heavy dozing and push-loading, which are generally performed in first gear.19-3Wheel Dozers Tire Selection & MaintenanceTIRE SELECTION & MAINTENANCERequirements of traction, flotation and tire life are met by a choice of tire size, tread design and inflation pressure.Tire Width For good conditions with little rolling resistance onsurfaces where flotation is no problem, a narrower tire may be most economical. It may also be considered in muddy conditions in which the mud can be penetrated to reach firm earth underneath.Where flotation problems and increased rolling resis tance are encountered, wider tires are recomm ended. The greater contact area and shallower penetration increases flotation.Tire Size Larger optional tires will also improve flotation in softconditions. With larger diameter, rimpull will be reduced which may be desirable to help control wheel spin.Rock -- Deep Tread (L-4) provides 50% more tread depth, thicker undertread and sidewall with increased tire life when compared to the L-3 tire. Recommended in rock conditions where sharp fragments cause high tire wear or sudden failures.Rock -- Extra Deep Tread (L-5) provides 150% more tread depth when compared to the L-3 tire. Intended for severe rock conditions with extreme penetration hazards.Inflation Pressure In average operating conditions the recommendedinflation pressure prevents excessive deflection and mini mizes tire rollover on side slopes.Over-inflation Reduces amount of tread contact with ground andprovides less flotation. Over-inflation causes center of tread to wear faster and increases the chance of cuts and impact breaks.Under-inflation Can cause permanent tire damage in the form of flexbreaks, radial cracks, and tread or ply separation. On jobs where wrinkling and bead rollover are not apparent, inflation pressure may be reduced to a minimum of:Bias Ply-- 170 kPa (25 psi) on 35/65-33 170 kPa (25 psi) on 29.5-25 170 kPa (25 psi) on 26.5-25Radial170 kPa (25 psi) on 23.5-25 -- 310 kPa (45 psi) on 35/65-R33310 kPa (45 psi) on 29.5-R25 205 kPa (30 psi) on 26.5-R25 240 kPa (35 psi) on 23.5-R25Reduced pressure will: Increase flotation and traction in sand. Improve envelopment characteristics to reduce sud den death failure on rock jobs. Provide better tread wear by reducing contact pres sure between tire and ground.Consult your tire manufacturer before changing tire pressures.19-419SOIL COMPACTORSCONTENTSFeatures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-5 Compaction Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-6 Compactor Types and Zones of Application . . . . .19-7 Estimating Production (Example Problems) . . . . . 19-8 Production Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19-9 Ground Contact Pressures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19-10Features: Dozing, filling and compacting versatility. High speed operation with responsive Cat diesel engine, single-lever planetary power shift transmission, and all-wheel drive. Articulated frame makes maneuvering quick and easy. Long wheel base for stability. Wheels with tamping foot design and chevron pattern give traction, penetration and compaction needed for high production. Foot pattern reversed on trailing drums to prevent overprinting lead drums. Rear drums track front for double compactive effort. Drum spacing covers mid-axle strip on return pass. Rear axle oscillation keeps all drums on ground for traction and stability. Cleaner bars keep drums free of carry over earth regardless of rolling direction. Adjustable, r eplaceable. Optional fill spreading dozer has single lever control for raise, lower, hold and float. (Blade tilt optional.) The 825K now offers STIC (Steering Transmission Integrated Control) Steering as a standard feature.19-5Soil Compactors Compaction FundamentalsCOMPACTION FUNDAMENTALSThe following discussion applies to soil compaction only.Definition Compaction is the process of physically densifyingor packing the soil ... resulting in increased weight per unit volume. It is generally accepted that the strength of a soil can be increased by densification. Three impor tant factors affect compaction.--Material gradation --Moisture content --Compactive effort Material Gradation -- refers to the distribution (% by weight) of the different particle sizes within a given soil sample. A sample is well-graded if it contains a good, even distribution of particle sizes. A sample composed of predominantly one size particle, is said to be poorlygraded. In terms of compaction, a well-graded soil will compact more easily than one that is poorly-graded. In well-graded material the smaller particles tend to fill the empty spaces between the larger particles, leaving fewer voids after compaction.MATERIAL GRADATIONPoorly-gradedWell-gradedMoisture Content -- or the amount of water present in a soil, is very important to compaction. Water lubricates soil particles thus helping them slide into the most dense position. Water also creates clay particle bonding, giving cohesive materials their sticky qualities.OPTIMUM MOISTUREHeavy clay Silty clay Sandy clay Sand Gravel, sand, clay mix(pit run)17.5% 15.0% 13.0% 10.0% 7.0%Dry Density Experience has shown that it is very difficult, if not impossible, to achieve proper compaction in materials that are too dry or too wet. Soil experts have determined that in practically every soil there is an amount of water, called optimum moisture content, at which it is possible to obtain maximum density with a given amount of compactive effort. The curve below shows this relation ship between dry density and moisture content. It is called a compaction curve, moisture-density curve or Proctor curve.MOISTURE CONTENTMaximum DensityMoisture Content Optimum MoistureCompactive Effort -- refers to the method employed by a compactor to impart energy into the soil to achieve compaction. Compactors are designed to use one or a combination of the following types of compactive effort.--Static weight (or pressure) --Kneading action (or manipulation) --Impact (or sharp blow) --Vibration (or shaking)19-6Types and ApplicationsSoil Compactors19COMPACTOR TYPESCompaction equipment can be grouped generally into the following classifications: sheepsfoot vibratory pneumatic high speed tamping foot chopper wheels (see Landfill Compactor section)Combinations of these types are also available, such as a vibrating smooth steel drum.For ease of comparison, the compactors have been placed on the Zones of Application Chart shown below. This chart contains a range of material moistures from 100% clay to 100% sand, plus a rock zone. Each type has been positioned in what is considered to be its most effective and economical zone of application. However, it is not uncommon to find them working out of their zones. Exact positioning of the zones can vary with differing material conditions.ROCKSAND 100%RANGES OF SOIL TYPES FOR SOIL COMPACTION EQUIPMENTSAND/CLAY 50%CLAY 100%SHEEPSFOOTPNEUMATIC (50T & UP)VIBRATORY SMOOTH DRUM PADDED DRUMHIGH SPEED TAMPING FOOTCAT TAMPING FOOT19-7Soil CompactorsEstimating Production Example ProblemsCOMPACTOR PRODUCTIONCompactor production is expressed in compacted cubic meters (Cm3) or compacted cubic yards (CCY) per hour. Material in its natural or bank state is mea sured in bank cubic meters or yards (Bm3 or BCY). When it is removed or placed in a fill, it is measured in loose cubic meters or yards (Lm3 or LCY).When the loose material is worked into a compacted state, the relationship of compacted material to bank material is shown as the shrinkage factor (SF).SF=_C_o_m__p_a_c_t_ed__c_u_b_i_c_m__e_te_r_s_(_C_m__3_) Bank cubic meters (Bm3)SF=_C_o_m__p_a_c_t_e_d_c_u_b_i_c_y_a_r_d_s_(_C_C__Y_)_ Bank cubic yards (BCY)The construction industry has developed the follow ing formula for use in estimating compactor production. This formula gives the material volume a given machine can compact in a 60-minute hour.Metric MethodCm3 = _W_____S____L_ PW =Compacted width per pass, in meters. (For Cat Compactors it is recommended that W = Twice the width of one wheel.)S = Average speed, in kilometers per hour.L = Compacted thickness of lift, in millimeters.P =Number of machine passes to achieve comp ac tion (can only be determined by testing the com pacted material density on-the-job).English MethodCCY/hr=_W____S_____L____1_6_.3_ PW =Compacted width per pass, in feet. (For Cat Compactors it is recommended that W= Twice the width of one wheel.)S = Average speed, in miles per hour.L = Compacted thickness of lift, in inches.16.3 =Conversion constant, equals 5280 feet ÷ 12 inches ÷ 27 cubic feetP =Number of machine passes to achieve com paction (can only be determined by testing the compacted material density on-the-job).Example problem (Metric)Determine production for an 815F2 operating under the following conditions:P=5, S=10 km/h, L=100 mmRefer to 815K in the production table on the next page. Read down the first column until reaching section for 5 passes. Within this section in the second column, find the speed closest to 10 km/h. Read across this line to the 100 mm compacted lift. Read the production figure given.Answer: 377 Cm3/h. (Since the machine's speed of 10 km/h is slightly faster than the 9.5 of the table, produc tion may be interpolated slightly higher -- say 395 Cm3/h.)Example problem (English)Determine production for an 825K operating under the following conditions:P=4, S=8 mph, L=6 inchesRefer to the production estimating table on the next page. This table contains estimates for the 815F2 and 825K Compactors using various speeds, lift thicknesses and number of passes. These figures were calculated using the formula discussed on this page. The figures represent 100% efficiency. W = Twice the width of one wheel.In the 825K portion of this table, read down the first column until reaching the section for four passes. Within this section in the second column, find the line for 8 mph. Read across this line to the lift thickness column for 6 inches. Read the production figure given.Answer: 1444 CCY/hr. 19-8Production TableSoil Compactors19PRODUCTION TABLEMODELAND MACHINE PASSES*AVERAGE SPEED km/h mph100 mm m3/h4 in yd3/hrCOMPACTED LIFT THICKNESS150 mm6 in200 mm8 inm3/hyd3/hrm3/hyd3/hr815K3 6.54419 548628 82283710959.56628 82294212321256164313.08837109512561643167521914 6.54314 411471 616628 8229.56471 616706 924942123213.08628 8229421232125616435 6.54251 329377 493502 6579.56377 493565 739754 98613.08502 657754 986100513146 6.54286 274314 411419 5489.56314 411471 616628 82213.08419 548628 8228371095825K3 6.54488 642731 96297512839.56713 962106914441425192513.08975128314631925195025664 6.54366 481534 722731 9629.56534 72280210831069144413.08731 96210971444146319255 6.54293 385439 577585 7709.56428 577641 866855115513.08585 7708781155117015406 6.54244 321366 481488 6429.56356 481534 722713 96213.08488 642731 9629751283*The number of machine passes required is dependent on soil type, moisture content, desired compaction and machine weight.250 mm m3/h10 in yd3/hr-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --1219 1781 2438 914 1336 1828 731 1069 1463 609 891 12191604 2406 3208 1203 1804 2406 962 1444 1925 802 1203 160419-9Soil Compactors Ground Contact Pressures815K and 825KGround Contact Pressure/Soil Compactors815K TipWeight Front Axle 9664 kg (21,305 lb) Ground Contact PressureTip PenetrationkPapsi12.5 mm (0.5 in)4727.05685.625 mm (1.0 in)1347.92195.538 mm (1.5 in)902.52130.950 mm (2.0 in)658.4595.5825K Standard TipTip Penetration 12.7 mm (0.5 in) 25 mm (1.0 in) 38 mm (1.5 in) 50 mm (2.0 in) 75 mm (3.0 in) 100 mm (4.0 in) 125 mm (5.0 in) 150 mm (6.0 in) 175 mm (7.0 in) 200 mm (8.0 in)Weight Front Axle 14 469 kg (31,899 lb) Ground Contact PressurekPapsi7178.411041.142609.39378.461411.35204.70704.99102.25610.1988.50421.6861.16382.5255.48324.3347.04311.0945.12139.5520.24825K Heavy Duty TipTip Penetration 12.7 mm (0.5 in) 25 mm (1.0 in) 38 mm (1.5 in) 50 mm (2.0 in) 75 mm (3.0 in) 100 mm (4.0 in) 125 mm (5.0 in) 150 mm (6.0 in) 175 mm (7.0 in) 200 mm (8.0 in) 225 mm (9.0 in) 250 mm (10.0 in)Weight Front Axle 14 469 kg (31,899 lb) Ground Contact PressurekPapsi7615.411104.526199.83899.213614.20524.191621.44235.17970.64140.78774.28112.30570.8982.80443.1364.27417.0660.49389.0756.43381.0755.27128.5918.65Weight Rear Axle 12 722 kg (28,047 lb) Ground Contact PressurekPapsi6989.35706.71827.94215.71094.20156.8872.9597.7Weight Rear Axle 21 059 kg (46,427 lb) Ground Contact PressurekPapsi8092.551173.732941.72426.661591.10230.77794.76115.27687.8999.77475.3968.95431.2762.55365.6353.03350.7450.87157.3422.82Weight Rear Axle 21 059 kg (46,427 lb) Ground Contact PressurekPapsi8585.201245.186989.351013.721915.27277.791827.94265.121094.20158.70872.95126.61643.5693.34499.5972.46470.2268.20438.6463.62429.6162.31145.0021.03Contact Area Four Wheelscm2in2425.81 661445.162242077.423223064.51475Contact Area Four Wheelscm2in2407.65 63.191121.55173.842073.54321.404150.96643.404795.60743.326939.861075.687650.041185.769022.181398.449405.661457.8820 965.893249.72Contact Area Four Wheelscm2in296.07 14.89472.0073.16430.6166.741804.64279.723014.96467.323779.35585.805126.18794.566603.601023.567016.241087.527520.761165.727678.951190.2422 753.763526.8419-1020WHEEL LOADERSCONTENTSSAE Loader Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-2 Machine Selection:Cycle Time Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-4 Truck Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-5 Bucket Fill Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-5 Example Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-6 Alternative Method of Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-7 Nomographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-8Machine/Attachment Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-10 Production Estimating Tables:Cubic Meters and Cubic Yards . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-15 Metric Tons and U.S. Tons in Shot Rock . . . . . . 20-16 FusionTM Coupler System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20-1820-1Wheel Loaders SAE Loader RatingsSPECIFICATION DEFINITIONS FOR FRONT END LOADERSCat wheel and track loader specifications conform to Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) definitions as expressed in standards J732 (JUN92), as follows:Description of Specification MachineOn wheel loaders the tire inflation pressure at which specifications are taken must be described in addition to the current written basic machine description. On track loaders the type of grouser must be specified.Hydraulic Cycle Timesa. "Raise Time" -- Time in seconds required to raise the bucket from level position on the ground.b. "Lower Time" -- Time in seconds required to lower the empty bucket from the full height to a level position on the ground.c. "Dump Time" -- Time in seconds required to move the bucket at maximum height from the maxim um rollback position to full dump position while dump ing the SAE loose material operating load.Breakout Force"Breakout force," pounds (and kilonewtons or kilo grams) -- the maximum sustained vertical upward force exerted 100 mm (4") behind the tip of the bucket cutting edge and achieved through the ability to lift and/or roll back about the specified pivot point under the following conditions:a. Loader on a hard level surface with transmission in neutral.b. All brakes released. c. Unit at standard operating weight -- rear of loadernot tied down. d. Bottom of cutting edge parallel to and not morethan 20 mm (0.75") above or below the ground line.e. When bucket circuit is used the pivot point must be specified as the bucket hinge pin, and the unit blocked under the bucket hinge pin pivot point in order to minimize linkage movement.f. When the lift circuit is used, the pivot point must be specified as the lift arm hinge pin. Wheel loade rs shall have front axle blocked to eliminate change in position of pivot pins due to tire deflection.g. If both circuits are used simultaneously, the domi nating pivot point listed in (e) or (f) must be specified.h. If the circuit used causes the rear of the vehicle to leave the ground, then the vertical force value required to raise the rear of the vehicle is the breakout force.i. For irregular shaped buckets, the tip of the bucket cutting edge referred to above shall mean the far ther forward point of the cutting edge.The following are illustrations used (according to provi sions of SAE J732 JUN92) to measure Cat Loader break out forces.WHEELTRACKTILT FORCEBREAKOUT FORCETILT FORCEBREAKOUT FORCEa. Breakout force resulting from rack back: (Tilt Force) (Dist. "X") = ("Y" Dist.) (Breakout Force)(TiltForce) (Dist."X") "Y" Dist.=BreakoutForce20-2SAE Loader Ratings Wheel Loadersb. Breakout force resulting from bucket lift:LINKAGE WT.LIFT FORCEBREAKOUT FORCELINKAGE WT.LIFT FORCEBREAKOUT FORCE(Lift Force) × (Dist. "X1") = ("Y1"Dist.)×(BreakoutForce) + (LinkageWt.)×(Dist."Z1") +(Breakout Force) ×(Linkage Mechanical Advantage)"V1"or(LiftForce)×(Dist."X1")-- (LinkageWt.)×(Dist."Z1") Breakout Force = (Dist."Y1")+(Dist."V1") × (Linkage Mech. Advantage)Static Tipping Load The minimum weight at center of gravity of "SAERated" load in bucket which will rotate rear of machine to a point where, on track loaders, front rollers are clear of the track and on wheel loaders, rear wheels are clear of the ground under the following conditions:a. Loader on hard level surface and stationary. b. Unit at standard operating weight. c. Bucket at maximum rollback position. d.Load at maximum forward position during raising cycle. e.For articulated wheel loaders, the test will be runboth with frame straight (straight static tipping load) and fully turned to a specific angle (full turn static tipping load). f.Unit with standard equipment as described in spec ific ations unless otherwise noted under the heading.20Operating LoadIn order to comply with SAE standard J818 MAY87, the operating load of Wheel Loaders should not exceed 50% of the full turn Static Tipping load of the machine when equipped with attachments needed for the job. (For track loaders, operating load should not exceed 35% of the Static Tipping load rating.) See "Performance Data" of each machine in this handbook for increases to static tipping load by adding cab, counterweights, ripperscarifier, etc.The SAE operating load is not an indication of a wheel loader's rated payload. It takes into consideration only hydraulic lift and tipping capacity. There is no regard to structural and/or component lives, and for wheel loaders is measured on hard, moderately smooth and level operating surfaces.Carry PositionSAE defines carry positions as: "The vertical distance from the ground to the center line of the bucket hinge pin, with the angle of approach at 15°." The sketch below illustrates this definition:LAST POINT OF WHEEL OR TRACKCONTACTCARRY HEIGHTLoader Clearance CircleSAE J732 JUN92 states that "minimum turning radius (over tire)" and "loader clearance circle" should be given for wheel loaders. Both are given on Cat specification sheets, including loader clearance circles for all available buckets for each machine.Digging DepthJ732 JUN92 specifies digging depth as "the vertical distance in mm (inches) from the ground line to the bot tom of the bucket cutting edge at the lowest position with the bucket cutting edge horizontal."20-3Wheel LoadersSAE Loader Ratings Machine Selection Cycle Time FactorsSAE BUCKET RATINGHEAPED STRUCKSAE Bucket CapacitiesStruck capacity is that volume contained in a bucket after a load is leveled by drawing a straight edge resting on the cutting edge and the back of the bucket.Heaped capacity is a struck capacity plus that addi tional material that would heap on the struck load at a 2:1 angle of repose with the struck line parallel to the ground.SAE J742 (FEB85) specifies that the addition of any auxiliary spill guard to protect against spillage which might injure the operator will not be included in bucket capacity ratings. Buckets with irregular shaped cutting edges (vee edge) the strike plane should be drawn at one-third the distance of the protruding portion of the cutting edge. Cat rock buckets are built with integral see-through rock guards. Cat light material buckets come standard with bolt-on edges. These features which add to actual bucket capacity are included in published ratings.Dump HeightSAE J732 JUN92 specifies that dump height is the vertical distance from the ground to the lowest point of the cutting edge with the bucket hinge pin at maximum height and the bucket at a 45° dump angle. Dump angle is the angle in degrees that the longest flat section of the inside bottom of the bucket will rotate below horizontal.SELECTING A MACHINESteps in selecting the proper size loader:1. Determine production required or desired. 2. Determine loader cycle time and cycles per hour.A machine size must be assumed to select a basic cycle time.3. Determine required payload per cycle in loose cubic yards and pounds (meters and kilograms).4. Determine bucket size needed. 5. Make machine selection using bucket size and payload as criteria to meet production requirements. 6. Compare the loader cycle time used in calculationsto the cycle time of the machine selected. If there is a difference, rework the process beginning at step 2.1. Production RequiredThe production required of a wheel or track loader should be slightly greater than the production capability of the other critical units in the earth or material moving system. For example, if a hopper can handle 300 tons per hour, a loader capable of slightly more than 300 tons should be used. Required production should be carefully calculated so the proper machine and bucket selections are made.2. Loader Cycle TimesWhen hauling loose granular material on a hard smooth operating surface, a .45-.55 minute basic cycle time is considered reasonable for Cat articulated loaders with a competent operator. This includes load, dump, four rever sals of direction, full cycle of hydraulics and minim um travel.Material type, pile height, and other factors may improve or reduce production, and should be added to or sub tracted from the basic cycle time when applicable.When hauls are involved, obtain the haul and return portion of the cycle from the estimated travel chart (this section). Add the haul and return times to the estimated basic cycle time to obtain total cycle time.CYCLE TIME FACTORSA basic cycle time (Load, Dump, Maneuver) of .45.55 minutes is average for an articulated loader [the basic cycle for large loaders, 3 m3 (4 yd3) and up, can be slightly longer], but variations can be anticipated in the field. The following values for many variable elements are based on normal operations. Adding or subtracting any of the variable times will give the total basic cycle time.20-4MachineMinutesadded(+) or Subtracted () From Basic Cycle-- Material handler. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .05Materials-- Mixed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +.02-- Up to 3 mm (1/8 in) . . . . . . . . . . . . . +.02-- 3 mm (1/8 in) to 20 mm (3/4 in). . . . .02-- 20 mm (3/4 in) to 150 mm (6 in). . . . .00-- 150 mm (6 in) and over. . . . . . . . . . . +.03 and Up-- Bank or broken. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +.04 and UpPile-- Conveyor or Dozer piled 3 m (10 ft) and up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .00-- Conveyor or Dozer piled 3 m (10 ft) or less. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +.01-- Dumped by truck. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +.02Miscellaneous-- Common ownership of trucks and loaders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to .04-- Independently owned trucks . . . . . . Up to +.04-- Constant operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to .04-- Inconsistent operation . . . . . . . . . . . Up to +.04-- Small target. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to +.04-- Fragile target. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Up to +.05Using actual job conditions and the above factors, total cycle time can be estimated. Convert total cycle time to cycles per hour.Cycles per hour at60 min100% Efficiency =Total Cycle Time in MinutesJob efficiency is an important factor in machine selec tion. Efficiency is the actual number of minutes worked during an hour. Job efficiency accounts for bathroom breaks and other work interruptions.Cycles per hourat 50 minutesCycles perhour 50minper hour= at 100%× actual work(83% efficiency) efficiencytime60minhourMachine Selection Truck Loading Bucket Fill FactorsWheel Loaders20TRUCK LOADING Average loader cycle times 910-962. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.45-0.50 min 966-980. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50-0.55 min 986-990. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.55-0.60 min 992-994. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.60-0.70 min3. Required Payload Per CycleRequired payload per cycle is determined by divid ing required hourly production by the number of cycles per hour.4. Bucket SelectionAfter required payload per cycle has been calculated, the payload should be divided by the loose cubic yard (meter) material weight to determine number of loose cubic yards (meters) required per cycle.The bulk of material handled does not weigh 1800 kg/m3 (3000 lb/yd3), so a reasonable knowledge of material weight is necessary for accurate production estimates. The Tables Section has average weight for certain mate rials when actual weights are not known.The percentage of rated capacity a bucket carries in var ious materials is estimated below. The bucket size required to handle the required volume per cycle is found with the aid of the percentage of rated bucket capacity called "Bucket Fill Factor."The bucket size needed is determined by dividing loose cubic meters (or yards) required per cycle by the bucket fill factor.Bucketsize=Volume Required/Cycle Bucket Fill FactorBUCKET FILL FACTORSThe following indicates the approximate amounts of material as a percent of rated bucket capacity which will actually be delivered per bucket per cycle. This is known as "Bucket Fill Factor."Loose MaterialFill factorMixed moist aggregates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95-100%Uniform aggregates up to 3 mm (1/8 in) . . . 95-100%3 mm (1/8 in) to 9 mm (3/8 in). . . . . . . . . . . 90-95%12 mm (1/2 in) to 20 mm (3/4 in) . . . . . . . . . 85-90%24 mm (1.0 in) and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85-90%20-5Wheel LoadersMachine Selection Bucket Fill Factors Example ProblemBlasted Rock Well blasted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80-95% Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75-90 Poor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60-75Other Rock dirt mixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100-120% Moist loam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100-110 Soil, boulders, roots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80-100 Cemented materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85-95NOTE:Fill factors on wheel loaders are affected by bucket penetration, breakout force, rack back angle, bucket profile and ground engaging tools such as bucket teeth or bolt-on replaceable cut ting edges.Example:12mm(1/2 in)materialand3m3(4yd3)bucket. 0.90×3m3=2.75Loosem3deliveredpercycle. 0.90×4yd3=3.6 Loose yd3delivered per cycle.NOTE:Check the static tipping load on the specific machine to determine if bucket load is in fact a safe operating load.Bucket SelectionTons Required/Cycle=Tons Required/Hour Cycles/HourKg(Pounds) Required/Cycle = TonsRequired/Cycle× 907 kg (2000 lb)VolumeRequired/Cycle kg (Pounds) Cycle = Material Weight kg/m3 (lb/yd3)Always select a machine with a greater capacity than the calculated required operating capacity. For most applications, payload above recommended and exces sive counterweight can hinder machine performance and reduce dynamic stability and machine life.For optimum performance in fast cycling situations such as truck loading, operating loads should not exceed the recommended capacity. To provide extra stability, calcium chloride (CaCl2) ballast may be desired when operating at recommended operating load, see SAE Loader rating pages in this section.When selecting special application buckets, such as multi-purpose and side dump the additional bucket weight must be deducted from recommended capacity.Specific circ*mstances may involve other conditions which would also affect loader capacity. Because of the greatly varied applications and conditions, your Cat dealer should be contacted for guidance.Example problem:JOB CONDITIONSApplicationTruck loadingProductionRequired 450 metric ton (496 Tons)per hourMaterial9 mm (3/8") gravel in 6 m(20 ft) high stockpileDensity1660 kg/m3 (2800 lb/yd3)Trucks are 6-9 m3 (8-12 yd3) capacity and are owned bythree contractors. Loading is constant. Hard level surfacefor loader maneuvering.1. PRODUCTION REQUIRED: Given2.CYCLE TIME: Assume loader size between 910K and 962H for initial choice of basic cycle.(Refer to Cycle Time Factors in this section)Independent trucks.04 minBasic Cycle.50minMaterial.02minIndependent trucks+.04minConstant operation.02minTotal Cycle.50minNOTE:Load and carry times not required in total cycle.Cycles/hr50minactualat83% = 120cycles/hr× work timeefficiency60minperhr= 100cycles/hr3. VOLUME REQUIRED PER CYCLE (Density in tons)Density in this example was given. When not given, refer to Tables Section to obtain an estimated density for the material being handled.Metric:1660 kg/m3 1000 kg/ton=1.66ton/m3English:2800 lb/yd3 2000 lb/ton=1.4 tons/yd320-6Machine Selection Example Problem Alternative MethodWheel Loaders20Production Rate RequiredMetric:450 tons/hr 1.66 tons/m3=271 m3/hrEnglish:496 tons/hr 1.4 tons/yd3=354 yd3/hrVolume Required per CycleMetric:271 m3/hr 100cycles/hr=2.71m3/cycleEnglish:354 yd3/hr 100cycles/hr= 3.54 yd3/cycle4. DETERMINE BUCKET SIZEBUCKET FILL FACTORThe volume of material required per cycle has been determined. Because of varying material fill factors, buckets do not always carry their rated load, a larger capacity bucket may be needed to carry the volume required. For fill factors, refer to Bucket Fill Factor Chart in this section.Rated Bucket Capacity Required (Heaped)2.71 m3/cycle 0.95 fill factor=2.85m33.54 yd3/cycle 0.95 fill factor=3.73yd3A 2.9 m3 (3.75 yd3) bucket would provide the requiredcapacity.5. MACHINE SELECTIONThe bucket size required and material density lead to the choice of a 950H with a 2.9 m3 (3.75 yd3) General Purpose Bucket (see bucket selection guide pages which follow.)Finally, SAE payload criteria must be satisfied as follows:The required operating capacity must not exceed one-half of the full turn static tipping load of the loader as equipped with a specific bucket.The required operating capacity of the machine is determined by the volume the machine will carry per load times the density.2.9 m3 × 1660 kg/m3 = 4814 kg (3.75 yd3 × 2800 lb/yd3 = 10,500 lb)One half of full turn static tipping load for the 950H with a 2.9 m3 (3.75 yd3) General Purpose Bucket is 5410 kg (11,925 lb). SAE criteria is s atisfied. An Alternative Method of Machine SelectionAnother method of selecting the right Wheel Loader and bucket to meet production requirements is by use of the nomographs on the following pages. The method is quicker and easier than the preceding example because it does not require as many calculations, yet the accuracy is about the same within the normal limits of input data.Be careful when entering and reading data from the nomographs because some scales increase from bottom to top, while others are the reverse. Do not be overly con cerned with the precision as affected by pencil line width or reading to the hundredth of a m3 (yd3). Remember that bucket fill factor, material density and cycle time are at best close estimates.Example problem:A Wheel Loader must produce 230 m3 (300 yd3) per hour in a truck loading application. Estimated cycle time is .6 minutes, working 45 minutes per hour. Bucket fill factor is 95% and material density is 1780 kg/m3 (3000 lb/yd3).Determine bucket size and machine model.Solution:At full efficiency, the Wheel Loader will cycle 100 times per hour. Since only an average of 45 minutes are avail able, only 75 cycles will be completed.Starting on Scale A at 75 cycles per hour draw a straight line intersecting 230 m3/hr (300 yd3/hr) on Scale B and extending it on to Scale C giving 3 m3/cycle (4 yd3/cycle) required payload. Follow solution steps 1-10.20-7Wheel LoadersProduction and Machine Selection Nomograph To find required bucket payload and bucket size1. Enter required hourly production on Scale B 230 m3/hr (300 yd3/hr).2. Enter cycles per hour on Scale A (60 ÷ .6 = 100 × .75 = 75 cycles/hr).3. Connect A through B to C. This shows a required payload of 3 m3 (4 yd3) per cycle.4.Enter estimated bucket fill factor on Scale D (0.95).5.Connect C through Scale D to E for required bucket size 3 m3 (4 yd3).6. Transfer cycles per hour Scale A and required pay load Scale C to the following page.ACycles per hourB Hourly Production Volumem3/hr yd3/hrC Required Payload Volumem3/cycle yd3/cycleDBucket Fill FactorERequired Bucketm3yd320-8Production and Machine Selection Nomograph To find payload weight and tons per hourWheel Loaders7. Enter material density on Scale F 1780 kg/m3 (3000 lb/yd3).8. Connect C through Scale F to Scale G to give pay load weight per cycle 5300 kg (11,500 lb).9. Compare Scale G quantity 5300 kg (11,500 lb) with recommended machine working range listed on the following bucket selection pages.C Required Payload Volumem3/cycle yd3/cycleFMaterial DensityGBucket Payload Weight percyclekg/cycle lb/cycle20Operating capacity for the 950H with 3.1 m3 (4yd3) bucket is dependent on material density and bucket capacity (see bucket selection pages that follow).10. For hourly tonnage, draw a straight line from Scale G through Scale A to Scale I 400 metric tons (450 U.S. tons).A Cycles/hrI Tons perHourMetric U.S. Tons Short Tonskg/m3 lb/yd320-9Wheel Loaders Machine/Attachment SelectionMACHINE/ATTACHMENT SELECTIONThe Integrated Toolcarrier's versatility and the wide range of attachments makes the "single machine fleet" concept highly attractive to an increasing number of users.A Job Analysis helps identify applications, work requirements, material handling parameters and the current working method. Thoroughly research each element in the following chart, the gathered informa tion will help select the proper Integrated Toolcarrier System.JOB ANALYSIS METHODMATERIALS HANDLED?WORK PROCESSES?CURRENT EQUIPMENT?UTILIZATION & SEQUENCE?PRINCIPAL WORK APPROPRIATE INTEGRATED TOOLCARRIER MODEL SIZE NECESSARY ATTACHMENTSWork Processes: The first step in the job analysis is to identify all workprocesses from start to finish. Key questions outlined below will begin to indicate the required attachments and potential Integrated Toolcarrier applications. What kinds of work are ... in site preparation?performed: (e.g., dozing, ... below ground level?loading, stacking, digging, ... at ground level?sweeping, handling special ... above ground level?materials, etc.)... in landscaping?... in maintenance equipment yard?etc. What work is done manually that could be done withan Integrated Toolcarrier? What are the workconditions?:... underfoot?... grades?... tight quarters?... time restraints?... climate?etc.Materials Handled:Examining the materials handled will assist in deter mining necessary attachments. Sizes and weights of material(s) handled will indicate the appropriate Inte grated Toolcarrier model by defining lift and reach requirements. Concentrate on the material flow at the job site -- the point of origin as well as the final desti nation for the various materials will undoubtedly have material handling requirements. What kinds of materials are handled (e.g. snow, earth,bricks, chemicals, pipe, logs, etc.) What form are the materials handled in: bulk? How much does each weigh?palletized? What are the dimensions of each? What are the... movementparameters:... dozed what distance?... load and carried what distance?... lifted how high?... placed below ground level?... placed what distance from machine?20-10Machine/Attachment Selection Wheel LoadersCurrent Equipment:If determining material weight is not possible, much information can be determined from looking at the current equipment fleet. This will suggest required per formance capabilities such as lifting capacity. Machines currently doing the work (e.g. wheel loaders, lift trucks, sweepers, light capacity cranes, snow plows, etc.)? What special (maximum) capabilities does each machine have (production, lift height, load capacity, width/height dimensions, reach, turning radius, travel speed, etc.)? To what extent are each machine's maximum capa bilities used? What are owning/operating costs of each?Utilization & Sequence:Utilization implies how often the current machines are used and what will be the utilization factors for the Integrated Toolcarrier with each individual attachm ent. Sequence implies what order these tasks are accomplished in and if two or more machines operate at the same time. This portion of the job analysis should assist in com paring economies of various systems. Other important cons iderations may be the number of operators needed, storage space, reduced maintenance requirements, etc. How often (what percent) is each machine used? How often and when does it sit idle? How often and when do two or more machines workat the same time? Can the operation be changed to permit single machineoperation?20Principal Work:Utilization and sequence will indicate the principal work the Integrated Toolcarrier will do, further assist ing in attachment and model sizing and selection. The basic machine/tool package should be able to handle the toughest, most frequently performed jobs for the primary application. Secondary tools can have a little more "give and take" in their performance capabilities than the primary tool. What work can be accomplished by an IntegratedToolcarrier? What work will take up the majority of IntegratedToolcarrier time? What work will use the maximum static tipping capabilities of the Integrated Toolcarrier? What high cost (owning and operating) and/or lowutilization machines can be replaced by an Integrated Toolcarrier?Additional Tips for Tool Sizing and SelectionTool selection will principally concern hydraulic power requirements and static tipping load considerations. The standard tools offered by Caterpillar can be used on any Integrated Toolcarrier machine with little difficulty. However, tools such as the hydraulic broom, claws, blades and asphalt cutter will require additional consideration before proposing a system to the customer.Fork RatingISO 14397-1 states that articulated wheel loaders require the following method for calculating rated load on forks. 50% of the fully articulated tipping load when the lift arms and fork are level, and the load is applied at a point on the longitudinal center line of the machine at half the distance from the most rearward point of the load opening to the tip of the fork, this will be the rated load for that machine in its present configuration. As the machine configuration changes, so does the rated load. EN474-3 states a load center dependent on the value of the load itself. Please refer to that standard for the load center location table. Always refer to the manufacturer of the fork to determine the load rating for the fork tine.20-11Wheel Loaders Machine/Attachment SelectionBucket RatingBucket capacity, SAE J742 FEB85 (nominally heaped)ISO 14397-1 states that articulated wheel loaders require the following method for calculating rated load, also known as the maximum payload, with buckets. 50% of the fully articulated tipping load when the lift arms are level and bucket fully racked back, and the load is applied at a point on the longitudinal center line of the machine and acting through the bucket volu me centroid, this will be the rated load for that machine in its present configuration. As the machine configuration changes, so does the rated load. Please consult your Cat dealer to ensure proper machine configuration selec tion in conformance to Caterpillar payload policy.The maximum material density would be determined by dividing the payload by the bucket capacity. If the actual material density exceeds the recommended mate rial density, the process should be repeated to select the prope rly sized bucket.A similar procedure would be used with the forks and material handling arm to determine maximum reco m mended lifting capacity and/or required IT model size.Pallet ForkThe pallet fork will fulfill many material handling needs. A modified Class 3 fork carriage provides visibility to the tines for precision pallet work. This carriage with non-standard spacing accepts many Class 3 lift truck attachments.Pallet fork rated operating loads are based on the following:SAE J1197 FEB91: 50% of the full turn static tip ping load or the hydraulic/structural limitations.CEN 474-3 (European standard): 60% of the full static tipping load on rough terrain or the hydraulic/ structural limitations. 80% of the full turn static tipping load on firm, level ground or the structural/hydraulic limitation. Other local, regional or international guide lines may also apply.If operation is on rough ground these criteria may need modification. In this instance, the size and rating of existing equipment should be considered.Sizing for pallet work generally consists of answering the following questions. 1. What are the average loaded pallet dimensions? 2. Lift Capacity -- what capacity is required to lift andmove the average pallet load? The maximum pallet load? 3. Lift Height -- can the machine reach the top level of the standard pallet stack? What are the maxim um reach, lift and height requirements? 4. Maneuverability -- can the machine work around the current aisle configuration? In the stacking aisles? Main aisles? Intersecting aisles? Are 90° turns required in any aisle for material placement? 5. Length -- what tine length is required to fit the com monly used pallets? (1219 mm [4'0"] tines are standard length for most palletized material.) 6. Any machine height restrictions? 7. Any special fork configurations required?Lift capacity, lift height, aisle configuration and tine length are the most important considerations in recom mending a pallet handling machine.20-12Machine/Attachment Selection Wheel LoadersExample problem:The following example applies the job analysis method to a work situation.Sewer & Water ContractorSets water lines (152 mm-610 mm [6 in-24 in] iron pipe), sanitary sewer lines (152 mm-457 mm [6 in-18 in] PVC) and storm sewer lines (610 mm-1067 mm [24 in42 in] concrete pipe) primarily in urban areas ... oftentimes across or down existing streets.MaterialsLoam/Clay: 1600 kg/m3 (2700 lb/yd3) loose densityBedding(Gravel):1900 kg/m3 (3200 lb/yd3) loose densityWater Pipe: 610 mm (24 in) push-on joint ductileiron, 6.1 m (20 ft) sections, 1309 kg(2885 lb) 215 kg/m (144.3 lb/ft) × 6.1 m(20 ft).Storm Sewer: 1067 mm (42 in), Wall B, concrete pipe,1.5 m (5 ft) sections, 1556 kg (3430 lb)1021 kg/m (686 lb/ft × 5 ft).Manhole Boxes: 1361 kg (3000 lb)WHAT INTEGRATED TOOLCARRIER MODEL SHOULD BE RECOMMENDED?WHICH ATTACHMENTS?Integrated ToolcarrierWork ProcessesAttachment PossibilitiesBundled PVC andForks/Materialindividual concrete/ironHandling Armpipe-loaded/unloaded(yardsite) and strungalong trenchUnload, handle, setMaterial Handling Armmanhole boxesExcess excavated materialBuckettruck loadedBedding material handled/BucketplacedTrench backfilledBucket/BladeTrench compactionCompactor WheelRough and finish gradingBucket/BladeStreet cleanupBucket/BroomPavement removalRebar Snips/AsphaltCutter20Current EquipmentUtilization Cat 225 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90% Champ CB607 lift truck,3175 kg (7000 lb) capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . 15% Deere 444 with 1.1 m3 (1.5 yd3)G.P. bucket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60% Rosco D-50 sweeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . one half hour/day Rammax 1361 kg (3000 lb) self-propelledtrench compactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%Machine Sizing 1372 mm (54 in) ForksOperating Load at Full Turn*Model 926M Standard 930M Standard 938M Standardkg 2819 3195 3846lb 6214 7043 8478Water pipes: 1309 kg (2885 lb)926M Standard ... 1 pipe -- no problem 930M ... 1 pipe -- no problem 938M ... 1 pipe -- no problemStorm sewer pipes: 1556 kg (3430 lb)926M Standard ... 1 pipe -- no problem 930M ... 1 pipe -- no problem 938M ... 1 pipe -- no problem20-13Wheel Loaders Machine/Attachment SelectionPerformance Series BucketsPerformance Series Buckets utilize a system-based approach to balance bucket shape against the machine's linkage, weight, lift and tilt capacities. The result is a bucket optimized for performance and productivity, and intended for use in production applications. Perfor mance Series Buckets for Wheel Loaders are designed for use in truck loading, stockpiling and load-and-carry applications. Performance is improved over current buckets in these production applications with materials such as sand, gravel and aggregates.Loads EasyProven design characteristics improve material flow into the bucket and improve material retention during transport. In some situations, the number of passes required to fill a truck is reduced. Performance Series Buckets are designed for optimum performance on the machine. Profile changes (over current buckets) improve load ability and make Performance Series Buckets machinespecific.Fuel Efficient Performance Series Buckets have a longer floor -- easilydigging through the pile. Less time in the pile equals less fuel consumed.Higher Fill Factors When comparing buckets of the same rated capacity,Performance Series Buckets have higher fill factors -- up to 115%.Move More Material with the Same Rated Capacity More material can be moved with a Performance SeriesBucket compared to a same-size rated capacity current bucket. Likewise, a smaller Performance Series Bucket can be utilized to move the same amount of material as a larger rated capacity current bucket.Carries MoreProductive Bucket shape and strike plane angle are designed formaterial retention and consistent load sizes. More mate rial loads into the bucket and is carried all the way to the truck, hopper or stockpile.A spill guard diverts overflow away from hinge pins, lift arms, hydraulic cylinders and tilt sensors helping to protect these areas of the machine.20-14Production Estimating Table m3 or yd3/60 min. hourWheel Loaders20Bucket Size (m3 or yd3) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0Cycle Cycles Time Per Hr0.35 171Unshaded area indicates average production.0.40 150 150 225 330 375 450 5250.45 133 135 200 268 332 400 466 530 600 665 730 800 8650.50 120 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720 780 840 900 960 1003 1080 1140 12000.55 109 109 164 218 272 328 382 436 490 545 600 655 705 765 820 870 925 980 1008 10900.60 100 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 10000.65 92 92 138 184 230 276 322 368 416 460 505 555 600 645 690 735 780 830 875 9200.70 86342 386 430 474 515 560 600 645 690 730 775 815 8600.75 80560 600 640 680 720 760 800Bucket Size (m3 or yd3)11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 26.0Cycle Cycles Time Per Hr0.35 171 0.40 150Unshaded area indicates average production.0.45 1330.50 120 1320 14400.55 109 1200 1310 1420 1520 1635 1740 1850 1960 2070 2180 2285 2395 2505 2615 2725 28300.60 100 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 26000.65 92 1010 1105 1195 1285 1380 1470 1560 1655 1745 1840 1930 2020 2115 2205 2300 23900.70 86 945 1030 1120 1200 1290 1375 1460 1545 1630 1720 1805 1890 1975 2060 2150 22350.75 80 880 960 1040 1120 1200 1280 1360 1440 1520 1600 1680 1760 1840 1920 2000 20800.80 75975 1050 1125 1200 1275 1350 1425 1500 1575 1650 1725 1800 1875 1950Job Efficiency Worktime/Hr60 Min Hr 55 50 45 40 --Efficiency Factor 100% 91% 83% 75% 69% --Bucket Load Factor Bucket Size 1.000.95 0.90 0.85 0.80 0.7520-15Wheel LoadersProduction Estimating Table 60 min hour Shot Rock Metric TonsMetric Tons 1600 kg Lm3 (1.6 t) densityBucket Size m3 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5Cycle Cycles Time Per HrUnshaded area indicates average production.0.40150 240 360 480 600 7200.45133 213 319 426 532 638 745 851 958 1064 11700.50120 192 288 384 480 576 672 768 864 960 1056 1152 1248 1344 1440 1536 1632 1730 18250.55109 174 262 349 436 523 610 698 785 872 959 1046 1134 1221 1308 1395 1482 1570 16550.60100 160 240 320 400 480 560 640 720 800 880 960 1040 1120 1200 1280 1360 1440 15200.6592 147 221 294 368 442 515 589 662 736 810 883 957 1030 1104 1178 1251 1325 14000.7086482 550 619 688 757 826 894 963 1032 1101 1170 1238 13100.7580768 832 896 960 1024 1088 1150 1215Bucket Payload Metric (Tons)1.6 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8 5.6 6.47.28.0 8.8 9.6 10.4 11.2 12.0 12.8 13.6 14.4 15.2Bucket Size m3 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0Cycle Cycles Time Per Hr0.401500.45133Unshaded area indicates average production.0.501200.55109 1744 1918 2092 2267 2441 2616 2790 2964 3139 3313 34880.60100 1600 1760 1920 2080 2240 2400 2560 2720 2880 3040 32000.6592 1472 1619 1766 1913 2060 2208 2355 2502 2649 2796 29440.7086 1376 1513 1651 1788 1926 2064 2201 2339 2476 2614 27520.7580 1280 1408 1536 1664 1792 1920 2048 2176 2304 2432 25600.8075 1200 1320 1440 1560 1680 1800 1920 2040 2160 2280 2400Bucket Payload Metric (Tons)16.0 17.6 19.2 20.8 22.4 24.0 25.6 27.2 28.8 30.4 32.020-16Production Estimating Table Shot Rock 60 min hour U.S. TonsWheel Loaders20U.S. Tons 2700 lb/LCY (1.35 T) densityBucket Size yd3 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0Cycle Cycles Time Per HrUnshaded area indicates average production.0.40 150 203 330 420 510 615 705 8100.45 133 180 293 360 454 545 625 720 810 905 985 1080 11700.50 120 162 254 324 408 492 565 650 730 815 890 970 1060 1140 1200 1300 1380 1470 1540 16200.55 109 147 240 294 370 448 515 590 665 740 805 885 960 1030 1090 1180 1250 1330 1400 17400.60 100 135 220 270 340 410 470 540 610 680 740 810 880 950 1000 1080 1150 1220 1280 13500.65 92 124 200 250 314 380 435 500 560 625 680 750 810 875 920 985 1060 1120 1180 12500.70 86525 585 635 695 755 815 860 930 990 1050 1100 11600.75 80760 800 865 920 975 1030 1080Bucket Payload (Tons)1.352.22.73.44.14.75.46.16.87.48.18.89.5 10.0 10.8 11.5 12.2 12.8 13.5Bucket Size yd3 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0 22.0 23.0 24.0 25.0 26.0Cycle Cycles Time Per Hr0.40 150Unshaded area indicates average production.0.45 1330.50 120 1782 19450.55 109 1620 1765 1905 2060 2200 2350 2495 2645 2790 2940 3080 3235 3375 3530 3670 38250.60 100 1485 1620 1750 1890 2020 2160 2290 2430 2560 2700 2830 2970 3100 3240 3370 35100.65 92 1365 1490 1610 1735 1855 1985 2105 2235 2355 2480 2600 2730 2850 2980 3100 32250.70 86 1275 1390 1505 1625 1735 1855 1965 2085 2200 2320 2430 2550 2665 2785 2895 30150.75 80 1190 1295 1400 1510 1615 1725 1830 1940 2045 2160 2260 2375 2480 2590 2695 28050.80 751310 1415 1515 1620 1715 1820 1920 2025 2120 2225 2325 2430 2525 2630Bucket Payload (Tons)14.916.417.518.920.221.622.924.325.627.028.329.731.032.433.735.120-17Wheel Loaders Fusion Coupler SystemFUSION COUPLER SYSTEMCaterpillar is breaking new ground with the Fusion Coupler System. Caterpillar engineers designed this new system to exceed the performance of any other Cat or competitive coupler solution in the marketplace. This coupler system is a factory- or field-installed option for Cat Loaders from 924K through 972. Fusion offers ben efits in four main categories:PerformanceThis new interface provides coupler flexibility with performance virtually identical to pin-on.Imagine lifting a hundred-pound box with your arms fully extended. Now, imagine lifting that same load close to your body. That's the genius of Fusion: designed to integrate the attachment and the machine by pulling the coupler and tool closer to the wheel loader. As a result, the center of gravity is moved inward, towards the machine. This translates to increased lifting ability when compared to machines equipped with competing coupler systems.DurabilityThe advanced wedging mechanism of the Fusion Coupler creates a tight, rattle-free fit. This new lock up system eliminates play and wear -- resulting in a long service life.Wedges pull the attachment tight to the machine in two directions -- in and down. Constant hydraulic pres sure on the coupler wedges compensate for wear, assur ing a tight fit throughout the life of the coupler. Tight fit gives better tool control and increased productivity. Plus, coupler durability is substantially increased over tradi tional couplers.VisibilityA new, open coupler frame design opens sight lines from the operator's seat, making it easier than ever before to engage and disengage attachments with certainty.Offset tines and other design changes to Fusion Pallet Forks, working in conjunction with the Fusion Coupler, increase visibility substantially at ground level and truck bed height when compared to traditional coupler and fork combinations.Flexibility/CompatibilityWith the Fusion Coupler system, Caterpillar customers get one common interface. This unique, single interface eliminates the need for many different c ouplers across the entire range of Cat Small and Medium Wheel Loaders. This expanded machine compatibility not only allows one machine to pick up a range of attachments, but also for one attachment to be used by a host of different machines. Realize the flexibility and opportunity afforded your rental operation, or the improvements to machine and attachment management on your customers' job sites.Fusion is supported by a full line of attachments. Just about any attachment available for pin-on is also avail able, or can be converted, to work with Fusion. For com plete information on Fusion attachments available for Cat Loaders 924 through 972, consult Fusion Product Bulletin GEJQ0222.20-18WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERS21CONTENTSWHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERSSpecifications: Single Engine Open Bowl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-2 Optional Push-Pull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-2 Twin Engine Open Bowl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-3 Optional Push-Pull . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-3 Coal Bowl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-4K Series Features and Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-5 Material Application Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-7 Push-Load TTT Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-7 Cushion Hitch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-8 Wheel Tractor-Scraper Anatomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-8Use of Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability Curves . . . . . 21-9 Fixed Times for Scrapers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-11 Use of Retarder Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-11 Curves/Charts:621K Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-13 623K Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-15 627K Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-17 631K Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-19 637K Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-21 657G Rimpull, Retarding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21-2321-1Wheel Tractor-ScrapersSpecifications Single Engine Open Bowl Optional Push-PullSingle Engine Open Bowl The Open Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scraper is available as a self-loading, 631K push pull or push-loaded hauling systemwith a broad material appetite. The broad material appetite allows the Open Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scraper to be used in general construction, heavy construction, mining, and waste applications.Open Bowl Advantages: Quick load/unload Spread evenly on-the-go Broad material appetite Aids in compaction Varying material conditions High productionSingle Engine Advantages (Compared to Tandem Engine): Lower fuel usage Lower gross vehicle weight Loads quickly with the aid of a Track-Type Tractor andhauls to fill carrying minimum machine weight21-2Specifications Twin Engine Open Bowl Optional Push-PullWheel Tractor-ScrapersTwin Engine Open Bowl The Open Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scraper is available as a self-loading, push-loaded, or push-pulled hauling systemwith a broad material appetite. The broad material appetite allows the Open Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scraper to be used in 21 general construction, heavy construction, mining, and waste applications.Open Bowl Advantages: Quick load/unload Spread evenly on-the-go Broad material appetite Aids in compaction High Production Varying material conditions High productionTwin Engine Advantages (Compared to Single Engine): More power for loading, traveling up grades, or overfill area Faster cycle times High rolling resistance applications Variable site conditions Poor underfoot conditions Steep grades Can be self-loaded, push loaded with the aid of aTrack-Type Tractor, or push-pulled21-3Wheel Tractor-ScrapersSpecifications Coal BowlCoal Bowl Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers are typically used for building and maintaining coal stockpiles and hauling coal tothe supply system at coal power plants. The self-loading capability, large capacity, coal pile compaction, and high speed of Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers make them the tool of choice for moving coal both short and long distances. Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers are available in the 637K and 657 tandem engine models.Coal Bowl Advantages: Load hoppers Manage coal stockpiles Compaction reduces risk of spontaneous combustionin coal stockpile Exclusively designed large capacity coal bowlsNotes: The 637K Coal Scraper is 736 mm (29.0") longer, thebowl sides are 476 mm (18.7") taller, and the apron is 499 mm (19.6") taller than its earthmoving counterpart. The 657 Coal Scraper is 1072 mm (42.2") longer, the bowl sides are 1010 mm (39.8") taller, the apron is 677 mm (26.7") taller, and the ejector is 944 mm (37.2") taller than its earthmoving counterpart.21-4K Series Features and Benefits Wheel Tractor-ScrapersK SERIES FEATURES AND BENEFITS 21 Tractor Serviceability Improvement -- The filter bank located at the rear of the engine compartment has under gone improvements for serviceability by raising the filter bank up for easier access. Engine Over Speed Protection -- In the event of an engine over speed situation, the compression brake will automatically engage with no operator input. The machine determines the over speed condition based on rate of acceleration and applies compression brake automatically. Fuel Economy Mode -- Fuel Economy Mode is a two part feature when selected, the first part of the feature lowers the transmission shift points allowing shifting to take place at lower rpms to aid in fuel savings. The second part of the Fuel Economy Mode allows the machine when operated at engine rpms less than full throttle to automatically vary the power distribution between the tractor and the scraper, allowing the machine to utilize the more efficient tractor power train vs. the full time torque converter drive scraper power train. Advanced Cushion Hitch -- With similar technology as the Cat Advanced Ride Management seat suspension, this software allows the cushion hitch to prevent end stroke by having the ability to predict end stroke events and manage the rate of dampening. The desired result is improved hitch repair, reduced maintenance and improved operator ride in rough conditions. High Pressure Steering -- The K Series steering s ystem design requires significantly less steering effort. The reduced steering effort allows for decreased operator fatigue and a more efficient operator resulting in possi ble higher rates of production late in the work shift. Sequence Assist (Optional Attachment) -- This option uses cylinder position sensors to automate bowl, apron and further implement controls throughout the four core work cycles: Dig, Haul, Unload and Return. When uti lized this can reduce up to 14 individual operator com mands per cycle. Sequence Assist simplifies control over the implements, reduces joystick usage, automatically controls cushion hitch, transmission hold and ejector. Load Assist (Optional Attachment) -- Is designed to help shorten the learning curve of inexperienced operators to ensure consistency and faster loading of material while reducing effort of the operator. Based on the speed of the machine, Load Assist automatically adjusts the cutting edge height to manage wheel slip and to ensure consistent and efficient loading in bulk earthmoving applications.21-5Wheel Tractor-Scrapers K Series Features and Benefits Cat Grade Control (Optional Attachment) -- Intelli gently ensures the machine does not cut below grade in the cut area or over fill in the fill area avoiding rework and moving unnecessary material. Payload Estimator (Optional Attachment) -- The Payload Estimator will calculate the payload of the machine in tonnes or tons by measuring the bowl lift cylinder pressures at the beginning of the loaded haul segment. This feature works best when using Sequence Assist. Using Payload Estimator during testing has achieved better than 95% accuracy when compared to actual scale weights. The Payload Estimator feature comes automatically when a machine is ordered with Sequence Assist. Draft Arm Overflow Guards -- The open bowls now come standard with bowl side overflow guards to help prevent material from flowing over the bowl sides and falling onto the draft arms where material becomes embedded between the bowl side and draft arm resulting in decreased work cycle times. Auto Stall -- In cold weather conditions the machine will use the Auto Stall feature to help warm up the transmission oil faster resulting in the machine shift ing out of torque converter drive (2nd gear) faster than on previous models. Differential Lock Engagement Protection (Standard) -- This standard feature allows the machine to pre vent the operator from engaging the differential lock when damage could occur. Cab Improved -- The interior of the K Series cabs has improved the operator comfort and visibility by redesigning the dash area and key pad placement. Machine Speed Limit -- This feature is designed to take the place of top gear selection. If the machine top speed needs to be limited the operator can select the top speed through the display or the top speed can be set in ET. This will allow the machine to find the correct gear that works best for the engine and transmission. Allowing the engine and transmission to select the correct gear to pull the load in most cases resulting in a lower engine load factor and lower fuel burn verses using top gear selection that required the machine to run at engine speeds at or close high idle. Ground Speed Control -- Ground Speed Control sets the desired top speed by the operator if job site conditions or segment speed limits require a speed less than full run out. Machine Speed Limit is intended for use when top speed needs to be limited for longer durations and Ground Speed Control is intended for use when the top speed needs to be reduced for shorter segments or intermediate periods of time. The operator can set the desired top speed and the machine will find the correct gear that works best for the engine and transmission. Allowing the engine and transmission to select the correct gear to pull the load in most cases will result in a lower engine load factor and lower fuel burn verses top gear selection.21-6Material Application Guide Push-Load TTT MatchWheel Tractor-ScrapersSelf-Load Push-LoadSingle and Single andMaterialTandem Tandem21Application GuideElevator EngineEngine Push Pull Coal Bowl RemarksDecomposed Granite/SoilExcellent loadingDecomposed Granite (Ripped)Moist Top SoilExcellent loading by push- loading or push-pull to reduce cutting of tiresGood to Excellent LoadingTop SoilExcellent for WTSClay/Sand MixtureExcellent for WTSSandGood to Excellent loading, but some cases may need to be push loaded by a TTT or Push-PullAntigoExcellent WTS material: lower portion may require ripping depending on material densityCoalExcellent for WTS: ripping may be required in dense materialLimestoneIn natural state, not suitable for WTSGraniteNot suitable for WTSSandstoneFor WTS to be productive in sandstone, material needs to be ripped. In some cases where density is high, WTS would not be a good fitShot RockBelow 610 mm (24") good for WTS when push-loaded by a TTT to reduce cutting of tiresLoess Overtill (Banked)Excellent for WTS: ripping may be required in dense materialLoess Overtill (Ripped)Excellent WTS material provided rock size does not exceed 610 mm (24")AridisolsExcellent WTS material, ripping will decrease load timesGlacial Outwash/River RockExcellent WTS material provided rock size does not exceed 610 mm (24")FOR MORE INFORMATION ON WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPER MATERIAL APPLICATIONS REFERENCE PUBLICATION AEXQ0442.Push-Load TTT Match 621 627 631 637 657D8D9D10D1121-7Wheel Tractor-ScrapersCushion Hitch Wheel Tractor-Scraper AnatomyCUSHION HITCH Cushion Hitch dampens shocks to provide a smoother ride Nitrogen over oil accumulators absorb and dampen road shock1. Load Cylinder 2. Hitch Castings 3. Scraper Gooseneck 4. Nitrogen Accumulators 5. Orifice 6. Oil from Tractor Hydraulic System 7. Leveling Valve 8. Free-Floating PistonsWHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPER ANATOMYCushion HitchSteering Cylinders GooseneckPush/Pull BailBanana Link Bowl Lift CylindersOverflow Guard EjectorFuel Tank Push/Pull HookCushion Push PlateApronRouter Bit Cutting EdgeBowlDraft ArmsPush Block21-8Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability Curves ExampleWheel Tractor-ScrapersUSE OF RIMPULL-SPEEDGRADEABILITY CURVESThe following explanation applies to Rimpull-SpeedGradeability curves for Wheel Tractor-Scrapers, Construction & Mining Trucks/Tractors and Articulated Trucks.Maximum speed attainable, gear range and available rimpull can be determined from curves on the following pages when machine weight and total effective grade (or total resistance) are known.Rimpull is the force (in kg, lb or kN) available between the tire and the ground to propel the machine (limited by traction).Weight is defined as Gross Machine Weight (kg or lb) = Machine + Payload.Total Effective Grade (or Total Resistance) is grade resistance plus rolling resistance expressed as percent grade.Grade is measured or estimated.Rolling resistance is estimated (see Tables section for typical values.)10 kg/metric ton (20 lb/U.S. ton) = 1% adverse grade.ExampleWith a 6% grade and a rolling resistance of 40 kg/ metric ton (80 lb/U.S. ton), find total resistance.Rolling resistance = 40 kg/t ÷ 10 = 4% Effective Grade(English: 80 lb ÷ 20 = 4%)Total resistance = 4% rolling + 6% grade = 10%Altitude Derating Rimpull force and speed must be derated for alti-tude similar to flywheel horsepower. The percentage loss in rimpull force approximately corresponds to the percentage loss in flywheel horsepower. See Tables Section for altitude derations.Rimpull-Speed-GradeabilityTo determine gradeability performance: Read from gross weight down to the % of total resistance. (Total21resistance equals actual % grade plus 1% for each10 kg/metric ton (20 lb./U.S. ton) of rolling resistance.)From this weight-resistance point, read horizontally tothe curve with the highest obtainable speed range, thendown to the maximum speed. Usable rimpull dependsupon traction and weight on drive wheels.Example problem:A 631K with an estimated payload of 37 013 kg (81,600 lb) is operating on a total effective grade of 10%. Find the available rimpull and maximum attain able speed.Empty weight payload = Gross Weight 47 628 kg + 37 013 kg = 84 641 kg (105,002 lb + 81,600 lb = 186,602 lb)Solution: Using graph on the next page, read from 84 641 kg (186,602 lb) (point A) on top of gross weight scale down the line to the intersection of the 10% total resistance line (point B).Go across horizontally from B to the Rimpull Scale on the left (point D). This gives the required rimpull: 7756 kg (17,100 lb).Where the line cuts the speed curve (point C), read down vertically (point E) to obtain the maximum speed attainable for the 10% effective grade: 12.9 km/h (8 mph).ANSWER: The machine will climb the 10% effective grade at a maximum speed of 12.9 km/h (8 mph) in 4th gear. Available rimpull is 7756 kg (17,100 lb). 21-9Wheel Tractor-ScrapersRimpull-Speed-Gradeability Curves Examplelb x 1000kg x 1000GROSS WEIGHTlb x 1000 kg x 1000RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)km/hmphSPEEDKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYA -- Loaded 84 641 kg (186,602 lb) B -- Intersection with 10% total resistance line C -- Intersection with rimpull curve (4th gear) D -- Required rimpull 7756 kg (17,100 lb) E -- Speed 12.9 km/h (8 mph)21-10Typical Fixed Times Retarder CurvesWheel Tractor-ScrapersTYPICAL FIXED TIMES FOR SCRAPERS(Times may vary depending on job conditions)ModelLoad Time Loaded By (Min.)613GSelf0.9623KSelf0.9621KOne D80.5627KOne D80.5621KOne D90.4627KOne D90.4627K/PPSelf0.9*631KOne D90.6637KOne D90.6631KOne D100.5637KOne D100.5637K/PPSelf1.0*657One D110.6657Push Pull1.1*Self637KCoal0.8657Coal0.8*Load time per pair, including transfer time.Maneuver and Spread orManeuver and Dump (Min.)0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.60.7 0.6NOTE: Empty Weights shown on the Wheel TractorScraper charts includes ROPS Canopy. When calculating TMPH loadings any additional 21 weight must be considered in establishing mean tire loads.USE OF RETARDER CURVESThe following explanation applies to retarder curves for Wheel Tractor-Scrapers and Articulated Trucks.The speed that can be maintained (without use of service brake) when the machine is descending a grade with retarder fully on can be determined from the retarder curves in this section if gross machine weight and total effective grade are known. Total Effective Grade (or Total Resistance) is grade assistance minus rolling resistance.10 kg/metric ton (20 lb/U.S. ton) = 1% adverse grade.Example15% favorable grade with 5% rolling resistance. Find Total Effective Grade.Total Effective Grade = 15% Grade Assistance -- 5%Rolling Resistance = 10% Total Effective Grade Assistance.Example problem:A 651 with an estimated payload of 47 175 kg (104,000 lb) descends a 10% total effective grade. Find constant speed and gear range with maximum retarder effort. Find travel time if the slope is 610 m (2000 ft) long.Empty Weight + Payload = Gross Weight = 60 950 kg + 47 175 kg = 108 125 kg (134,370 lb + 104,000 lb = 238,370 lb)21-11Wheel Tractor-ScrapersRetarder Curves ExampleSolution: Using the retarder curve below, read from 108 125 kg (238,370 lb) (point A) on top of gross weight scale down the line to the intersection of the 10% effective grade line (point B).Go across horizontally from point B to the intersection of the retarder curve (point C). Point C intersects at the 5 (5th gear) range.Where point C intersects the retarder curve, read down vertically to point D on the bottom scale to obtain the constant speed: 21.7 km/h (13.5 mph).GROSS WEIGHTANSWER: The 651 will descend the slope at 21.7 km/h (13.5 mph) in 5th gear. Travel time is 1.68 minutes.___6_1_0_m____ = 1.68 min 363 m/min*(mph 88 = F.P.M.)____2_0_0_0__f_t _____ 13.5 mph 88*=1.68minNOTE:The basic Distance-Speed-Time formula is60 D ÷ S = T (or "60 D Street"), where 60 isminutes, D is distance, S is speed and T is time.In the above problem, 60 610 m ÷ 21.7 km/h 1000 = T.___6_0___6_1_0___ 21.7 1000=T=(1.68)lb x 1000kg x 1000EFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)21-12SPEEDKEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct Drivekm/hmphKEY A -- Loaded 108 125 kg (238,370 lb) B -- Intersection with 10% effective grade line C -- Intersection with retarder curve (5th gear) D -- Constant speed 21.7 km/h (13.5 mph)621K Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 33.25R29 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersRIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)STANDARD ARRANGEMENT*GROSS WEIGHT21lb x 1000 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10kg x 0 10000 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 520406080 100 120 140102030405060EL12345678160 70lb x 1000 80 kg x 100030% 25% 20% 15% 10%5%0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 km/h051015202530mphSPEED*at sea levelKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 35 808 kg (78,943 lb) L -- Loaded 61 935 kg (136,553 lb)21-13Compression Braking LevelEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)Wheel Tractor-Scrapers621K Retarding 33.25R29 TiresGROSS WEIGHT020406080100110120160lb x 100001020304050607080 kg x 1000EL 30%25%20%34high5medium low6 715%10%5%805101520253035404550 5560 km/h05101520253035mphSPEED*at sea levelKEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 35 808 kg (78,943 lb) L -- Loaded 61 935 kg (136,553 lb)21-14RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)623K Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 33.25R29 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersGROSS WEIGHT020406080 100 120 140 160lb x 100021lb x kg x1000 1000 01020304050607080 kg x 1000110 5010045EL904080357013060255030%204025%15 30220%201010534567815% 10% 5%05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 km/h051015202530mphSPEEDKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 39 866 kg (87,809 lb) L -- Loaded 64 904 kg (143,009 lb)21-15Wheel Tractor-Scrapers623K Retarding 33.25R29 TiresGROSS WEIGHT020406080100120140160lb x 100001020304050607080 kg x 1000EL 30%25%Compression Braking LevelEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)20%34high mediumlow5 6 715%10%5%805101520 25 3035 40 45 5055 60 km/h05101520253035mphSPEEDKEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 39 866 kg (87,809 lb) L -- Loaded 64 904 kg (143,009 lb)21-16627K Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 33.25R29 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersRIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)STANDARD ARRANGEMENT*GROSS WEIGHT21lb x kg x 0 1000 100001507014065130 60120 55110 50100 4590 408035703060 2550 2040301520 1010520 1012 3406020304 580 100 1204050E67140 608160 70Llb x 1000 80 kg x 100030% 25% 20% 15%10% 5%05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 km/h051015202530mphSPEED*at sea levelKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 42 158 kg (92,942 lb) L -- Loaded 68 289 kg (150,552 lb)21-17Compression Braking LevelEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)Wheel Tractor-Scrapers627K Retarding 33.25R29 TiresGROSS WEIGHT020406080100120140160lb x 100001020304050607080 kg x 100030% 25%3E4L20%high mediumlow5 6715%10%8 5%0510 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 km/h05101520253035mphSPEED*at sea levelKEY 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 42 158 kg (92,942 lb) L -- Loaded 68 289 kg (150,552 lb)21-18lb x kg x 1000 1000631K Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 37.25R35 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersGROSS WEIGHTlb x 100021kg x 1000RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)SPEEDkm/h mphKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 46 607 kg (102,750 lb) L -- Loaded 83 892 kg (184,950 lb)21-19Wheel Tractor-Scrapers631KRetarding 37.25R35 TiresGROSS WEIGHTlb x 1000 kg x 1000Compression Braking LevelEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)highmedium lowKEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveSPEEDkm/h mphKEYE -- Empty 46 607 kg (102,750 lb) L -- Loaded 83 892 kg (184,950 lb)21-20lb x kg x 1000 1000637K Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 37.25R35 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersGROSS WEIGHTlb x 100021kg x 1000RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)SPEEDkm/h mphKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 54 005 kg (119,060 lb) L -- Loaded 91 290 kg (201,260 lb)21-21Wheel Tractor-Scrapers637KRetarding 37.25R35 TiresGROSS WEIGHThighmedium lowlb x 1000 kg x 1000Compression Braking LevelEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)KEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveSPEEDkm/h mphKEYE -- Empty 54 005 kg (119,060 lb) L -- Loaded 91 290 kg (201,260 lb)21-22657G Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability 37.25/R35 TiresWheel Tractor-ScrapersGROSS WEIGHT*0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 kg x 100021kg x 1000lb x 1000050 100 150 200 250 300 lb x 1000110 240EL100 220RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCE (Grade plus Rolling)90 20080 180170 1601406012040%5035%100 4030%8030260325% 20%20 40 10 20456 7815% 10% 5%000 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 mph0 10 20 30 40 50 60 km/h*at sea levelSPEEDKEY1 -- 1st Gear Torque Converter Drive 2 -- 2nd Gear Torque Converter Drive 3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 72 804 kg (160,505 lb) L -- Loaded 119 978 kg (264,505 lb)21-23Wheel Tractor-Scrapers657G Retarding 37.25/R35 TiresEFFECTIVE GRADE (Grade minus Rolling Resistance)GROSS WEIGHT* 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 kg x 1000 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 lb x 100040% 35% 30%E 325% L20%415%5 10%675%81%051015202530 mph0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 km/h SPEED*at sea levelKEY3 -- 3rd Gear Direct Drive 4 -- 4th Gear Direct Drive 5 -- 5th Gear Direct Drive 6 -- 6th Gear Direct Drive 7 -- 7th Gear Direct Drive 8 -- 8th Gear Direct DriveKEYE -- Empty 72 804 kg (160,505 lb) L -- Loaded 119 978 kg (264,505 lb)21-24ESTIMATING OWNING & OPERATING COSTSCONTENTS Estimating Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-2 Explanation of Form:Estimating Owning Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-5 Typical Application Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . 22-51 Delivered Price to Customer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-6 2 Residual Value at Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . 22-6 3 Value to be Recovered Through Work . . . . . . 22-7 4 Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-7 5 Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-7 6 Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-7 8 Fuel Consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-8 9 Planned Maintenance Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-9 10a Tires:Tire Life Estimator Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-10 Goodyear Life Estimating System . . . . . . 22-13 10b Undercarriage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-14 11 Repair Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-16 12 Special Wear Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-18 15 Operator's Hourly Wage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-18 O&O Cost Examples Example I: Track-Type Tractor . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-19 Example II: Wheel Loader . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22-21 O&O Form with Example Figures . . . . . . . . . . 22-22GeneralMachine users must balance productivity and costs to achieve optimum performance ... that is, achieve the desired production at the lowest possible cost. The approach most often used to measure machine performance is this simple equation:Lowest Possible Hourly CostsHighest Possible Hourly Productivity=Top Machine Performance22 Most sections of this Handbook deal with the productivity of Cat machines. This section considers the cost aspect of performance. Hourly Owning and Operating Costs for a given machine can vary widely because they are influenced by many factors: the type of work the machine does, the ownership period, local prices of fuel and labor, the repair and maintenance costs, shipping costs from the factory, interest rates, etc. No attempt is made in this handbook to provide precise hourly costs for each model. Users must be able to estimate with a reasonable degree of accuracy what a machine will cost per hour to own and operate in a given application and locality. Therefore, this section provides a suggested method of estimating hourly owning and operating costs. When this method is coupled with local conditions and dealer input, it will result in reasonable estimates. The method suggested follows several basic principles: Repair and Planned Maintenance cost per hour are developed jointly by the customer and local Cat dealer. In the examples, labor is assumed @ $60.00 per hour, fuel @ $1.25 per gallon. For reliable estimates, these costs must always be obtained locally. Because of different standards of comparison, what may seem a high application to one machine owner may appear only medium to another. Unless otherwise specified, the word "hour" when used in this section means clock or operating hours, not Service Meter Units.22-1Owning & Operating Costs Estimating FormNOTE: An Excel O&O Estimating Form is available, in electronic spreadsheet format, to calculate an Hourly Owning & Operating Cost Estimate based on the procedure outlined in this section.The spreadsheet my be accessed via the website at https://dealer.cat.com From the home page, select "Product Support," "Equipment Management Solutions," "Owning & Operating Costs." Under the heading "Machine Technical Information," select "O&O COST ESTIMATING Form."HOURLY OWNING AND OPERATING COST ESTIMATEAMachine Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BEstimated Ownership Period (Years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CEstimated Usage (Hours/Year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DOwnership Usage (Total Hours)(B C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATE _____________Estimate #1Estimate #2________________________________________________________________________________OWNING COSTS 1. a. Delivered Price (P), to the Customer (including attachments)____________________b. Less Tire Replacement Cost if desired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____________________c. Delivered Price Less Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ____________________2. Less Residual Value at Replacement (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (___%) __________ (___%) __________ (See subsection 2A on back)3. a. Net Value to be recovered through work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (line 1c less line 2)____________________b. Cost Per Hour: __N_e__t_V_a_l_u_e__ (1) __________ (2) __________ . . . . . . . . . . . Total Hours____________________4.Interest Costs N = No. Yrs.P____(N____+____1__)__2+__N__S__(__N________1__)____S__im__p_l_e__In_t_._%__R__a_te=Hours/Year(1)__+__1_ + ____1_ __ ___%(2 ) __+__1_ + ____1___ ___ %________________________ = ________________________ =_____ Hours/Yr._____ Hours/Yr.____________________5. Insurance N = No. Yrs.P____(N____+____1__)__2+__N__S__(__N________1__)____I_n_s_u_r_a_n_c_e__%__R__a_t_e = Hours/Year(1)__+__1_ + ____1_ __ ___%(2 ) __+__1_ + ____1___ ___ %________________________ = ________________________ =_____ Hours/Yr._____ Hours/Yr.____________________(Optional method when Insurance cost per year is known)Ins. $ __________ Per Yr. ÷ __________ Hours/Yr. =22-2Estimating Form Owning & Operating Costs6. Property Tax N = No. Yrs._P___(N_____+___1__)__2_+_N__S___(_N________1__)____T_a_x_R__a_t_e_%___ = Hours/Year(1)__+__1_ + ____1_ __ ___%(2 ) __+__1_ + ____1___ ___ %_______________________ = ________________________ =_____ Hours/Yr._____ Hours/Yr.(Optional method when Property Tax cost per year is known)Property Tax $ __________ Per Yr. ÷ __________ Hours/Yr. =7. TOTAL HOURLY OWNING COST (add lines 3b, 4, 5 and 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATING COSTS8. Fuel: (1) (2)Unit Price Consumption ________ ___________ = ________ ___________ =9. Planned Maintenance (PM)-Lube Oils, Filters, Grease, Labor: (contact your local Cat dealer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. a. Tires: Replacement Cost ÷ Life in Hours _C__o_s_t_ (1) __________ (2) __________ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lifeb. Undercarriage (Impact + Abrasiveness + Z Factor) Basic Factor(1) (______ + ______ + ______ ) = ______ ______ =(2) (______ + ______ + ______ ) = ______ ______ = (Total) (Factor)11. Repair Cost (Per Hour) (contact your local Cat dealer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Special Wear Items: Cost ÷ Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (See subsection 12A on back)13. TOTAL OPERATING COSTS (add lines 8, 9, 10a (or 10b), 11 and 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. MACHINE OWNING PLUS OPERATING (add lines 7 and 13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. OPERATOR'S HOURLY WAGE (include fringes) . . . . . . . . . . . . 16. TOTAL OWNING AND OPERATING COST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate #1____________________ __________ ______________________________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________Estimate #222 ____________________ __________ ______________________________ __________ __________ __________ __________ __________22-3Owning & Operating Costs Supplemental Calculations to Estimating FormSUBSECTION 2A: Residual Value at ReplacementGross Selling Price(est. #1) (___%) __________Less: a. Commission__________b. Make-ready costs__________c.Inflation during ownership period* __________Net Residual Value (Enter on line 2)__________(est. #2) (___%) (___%)__________ __________ __________ ____________________ (___%) of original delivered price*When used equipment auction prices are used to estimate residual value, the effect of inflation during the ownership period should be removed to show in constant value what part of the asset must be recovered through work.SUBSECTION 12A: Special Items (cutting edges, ground engaging tools, bucket teeth, etc.)(1)CostLifeCost/Hour(2)1. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 1. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________2. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 2. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________3. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 3. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________4. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 4. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________5. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 5. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________6. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 6. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________Total (1) ____________ (2) ____________(Enter total on line 12)22-4Owning Costs Owning & Operating Costs1-7 ESTIMATING OWNING COSTS(Line Items 1 through 7)To protect their equipment investment and be able to replace it, the machine owner must recover over the ownership period an amount equal to the loss in resale value plus the other costs of owning the equipment including interest, insurance and taxes.The machine owner, for accounting purposes, estim ates resale value loss in advance, and recovers his original equipment investment by establishing depreciation schedules according to the various uses of the equipment. Proper financial and tax assistance is highly recommended when establishing depreciation schedules.Considering today's economic conditions worldwide and the trend toward larger, more expensive equipment, many users choose to keep these units on the job well after they have been fully depreciated for tax purposes. On the other hand, tax incentives in many areas may favor trading a machine well before that occurs.The ownership period in years, the hours per year, and the total number of hours on a machine, are significant factors in determining O&O costs. Additionally, since the ownership period and machine hours can vary widely for different customers for a given model, it is not practical to calculate O&O costs using an assumed ownership period. The customer must provide that information for each situation.These same factors will be used to develop the Repair costs and Planned Maintenance costs by your local Cat dealer.The machine depreciation method suggested in this handbook is not based on or related to any tax considerations, 22 but rather is a simple straight line write-off based solely on the number of years and hours the owner expects to use during the ownership period.Accordingly, it is imperative that careful consideration be given the selection of depreciation periods, and that for owning and operating cost calculations they be based on actual ownership periods and hours on the machine rather than tax write-off life.Typical Application DescriptionsThe following tables show typical descriptions for work performed by each product family for three different application levels. It is only a guide and can be used along with the fuel and tire charts to help determine fuel and tire cost factors. Additiona lly, many times the ownership period and the number of hours per year a machine is used, is related to application.22-5Owning & Operating Costs1 Delivered PriceTo Customer 2 Residual Value at Replacement1DELIVERED PRICE TOCUSTOMER(Line Item 1a, b and c)Delivered price should include all costs of putting a machine on the user's job including transportation and any applicable sales taxes.On rubber tired machines, tires are considered a wear item and covered as an operating expense. Accordingly, some users may wish to deduct tire costs from the delivered price particularly for larger machines.2RESIDUAL VALUE AT REPLACEMENT(Line Item 2 and Subsection 2A)Any piece of earthmoving machinery will have some residual value at trade-in. While many owners prefer to depreciate their equipment to zero value, others recognize the residual resale or trade-in value. This is at the estimator's option, but as in the discussion of depreciation, today's higher equipment costs almost dictate that resale value be considered in determining the net depreciable investment. And if machines are traded early for tax incentive purposes, resale value becomes even more significant.For many owners, potential resale or trade-in value is a key factor in their purchasing decisions, since this is a means of reducing the investment they must recover through depreciation charges. The high resale value of Caterpillar built machines can reduce hourly depreciation charges, lower total hourly owning costs and improve the owner's competitive p osition.When resale or trade-in value is used in estimating hourly owning and operating costs, local conditions must be considered, as used equipment values vary widely around the world. However, in any given used equipment business, factors which have greatest influence on resale or trade-in value are: age of machine (years), the number of hours on the machine at the time of sale or trade, the type of jobs and operating conditions in which it worked, and the physical condition of the machine. Your local Cat dealer is your best source for determining current used equipment values.Subsection 2A can be used to calculate the estimated residual value. If recent auction prices for used machines are used as a guide, then the value (or percentage) should be adjusted downward to remove the effect of inflation. Governmental indices on construction equipment costs or Dealer price records can be used to calculate the amount of inflation for the appropriate useful life. Another way to estimate residual value is comparing the current used machine value to the current new machine price provided major product changes haven't occurred.22-63 Value to be Recovered Through Work 4 Interest5 Insurance 6 TaxesOwning & Operating Costs3 VALUE TO BE RECOVERED THROUGH WORK(Line Item 3a and b)The delivered price (P) less the estimated residual value (S) results in the value to be recovered through work, divided by the total usage hours, gives the hourly cost to protect the asset's value.4 INTEREST(Line Item 4)Many owners charge interest as part of hourly owning and operating costs, others consider it as general overhead in their overall operation. When charged to specific machines, interest is usually based on the owner's average annual investment in the unit.Interest is considered to be the cost of using capital. The interest on capital used to purchase a machine must be considered, whether the machine is purchased outright or financed.If the machine will be used for N years (where N is the number of years of use), calculate the average annual investment during the use period and apply the interest rate and expected annual usage:[ ] P(N + 1) + S(N 1) Simple Int. % Rate2NHours/Year5-6 INSURANCE AND TAXES(Line Items 5 and 6)Insurance cost and property taxes can be calculated in one of two ways. If the specific annual cost is known, 22 this figure should be divided by the estimated usage (hours/years) and used. However, when the specific interest and tax costs for each machine are not known, the following formulas can be applied:Insurance N = No. Years[ ] P(N + 1) + S(N 1) Insurance % Rate2NHours/YearProperty Tax N = No. Years[ ] P(N + 1) + S(N 1) Tax Rate %2NHours/Year22-7Owning & Operating Costs8 Fuel Consumption8-13 ESTIMATING OPERATING COSTS (Line Items 8 through 13)8 FUEL CONSUMPTION (Line Item 8)Actual fuel consumption should be measured in the field. However, if no opportunity exists to do this, fuel consumption estimates can be provided by the Caterpillar dealer based on Product LinkTM data and experience in the application.To estimate hourly fuel cost, determine the hourly fuel consumption and multiply by the local unit price of fuel.Hourly consumption Local Unit Price of Fuel = Hourly Fuel Cost22-89 Planned Maintenance Costs Lube Oils, Filters, Grease, LaborOwning & Operating Costs9PLANNED MAINTENANCE (PM) LUBE OILS, FILTERS, GREASE, LABORPlanned Maintenance (PM) costs should be developed22by the Cat dealer, with customer input for the specificapplication.PM costs include the parts and labor at the intervalsspecified in the Operation and Maintenance Manualsprovided for each machine. PM costs for each machinemay vary slightly depending upon factors required orspecified by the customer. See your local Cat dealer todevelop the specific PM cost per hour estimate for yourmachine and application.22-9Owning & Operating Costs 10a Tires10a TIRES(Line Item 10a)Tire costs are an important part of the hourly cost of any wheel machine. Tire costs are also one of the most difficult to predict with many variables. The best estimate for tire costs are obtained when tire life estimates are based upon actual customer experience, and are used with prices the machine owner actually pays for the replacement tires.For cases in which tire experience is not available, use the following tire life estimator curves.Tire Life Estimators Curves do not allow for additional life from recapping.They assume new tires run to destruction, but this is not necessarily recommended. Based on standard machine tires. Optional tires will shift these curves either up or down. Sudden failure (blow out) due to exceeding Ton-MPH (tkm/h) limitations is not considered. Nor are premature failures due to puncture. Application Descriptions/Zones:Low/Zone A: almost all tires actually wear through the tread from abrasion.Medium/Zone B: tires wear out normally but others fail prematurely due to rock cuts, impacts and non-repairable punctures.High/Zone C: few, if any, tires wear through the tread due to non-repairable damages, usually from rock cuts, impacts and continuous overloading.NOTE:Tire life can often be increased by using extra tread and extra deep tread tires.NOTE:Premature failure could occur at any time due to puncture.ESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURSMOTOR GRADERSAPPLICATION ZONES WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERSAPPLICATION ZONES22-1010a Tires Owning & Operating CostsLOAD HAUL DUMP UNITSARTICULATED TRUCKSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURSAPPLICATION ZONES MINING & OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCKSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURS7000-5500225500-30003000-500APPLICATION ZONES TRACTORS/WAGONSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURSAPPLICATION ZONESKey: Zone A -- Almost all tires actually wear throughthe tread due to abrasion. Zone B -- Some tires wear out normally while othersfail prematurely due to rock cuts, impacts and non-repairable punctures. Zone C -- Few, if any, tires wear through the tread because of non-repairable damages, usually from rock cuts, impacts or continuous overloading.12,000-80008000-40004000-2000APPLICATION ZONES22-11Owning & Operating Costs 10a TiresWHEEL TRACTORS WHEEL LOADERSESTIMATEDTIRE LIFE -- HOURS6000-30003000-10001000-500APPLICATION ZONESKey: Zone A -- Almost all tires actually wear throughthe tread due to abrasion. Zone B -- Some tires wear out normally, others failprematurely due to rock cuts, impacts, and non-repairable punctures. Zone C -- Few, if any, tires wear through the tread because of non-repairable damages, usually from rock cuts, impacts, or continuous overloading.22-1210a Tires Owning & Operating CostsGOODYEAR LIFE ESTIMATING SYSTEMAs an additional assist in estimating hauling unit tire life, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co. has furnished the following information which is included here with their permission. READ THE PREAMBLE CAREFULLY."... at present, there is no completely accurate, foolproof method of forecasting tire life. Tire engineers have many theoretical methods ... but these generally are so involved and time consuming that they are impractical for field use. "However, the tire industry has made many surveys of tire performance and arrived at a system which can give rough estimates of tire life. Studies done by the major tire companies and by at least two major equipment manufacturers are in close agreement. "The table [which follows] shows how to apply this system ..."ESTIMATED TIRE SERVICE LIFE OF HAULING UNITS (Trucks and Scrapers)No. I IIIIIIVCondition Maintenance Excellent Average Poor Speeds (Maximum) 16 km/h ~ 10 mph 32 km/h ~ 20 mph 48 km/h ~ 30 mph Surface ConditionsSoft Earth -- No Rock Soft Earth -- Some Rock Well Maintained -- Gravel Road Poorly Maintained -- Gravel Road Blasted -- Sharp Rock Wheel Positions Trailing Front Driver (Rear Dump) Driver (Bottom Dump) Driver (Self Propelled Scraper)Factor1.090 0.981 0.7631.090 0.872 0.7631.090 0.981 0.981 0.763 0.6541.090 0.981 0.872 0.763 0.654No. ConditionFactorV Loads (See No. VIII note)T&RA/ETRTO* Recommended Loading1.09020% Overload 40% Overload0.872 0.545 22VI CurvesNone1.090Medium0.981Severe0.872VII Grades (DriveTires Only)Level1.0905% Max.0.98115% Max.0.763VIII Other Miscellaneous Combinations (See note below)None1.090Medium0.981Severe0.872Condition VIII is to be used when overloading is pres ent in combination with one or more of the primary conditions of maintenance, speeds, surface cond i tions and curves. The combination of severe levels in these conditions, together with an overload, will create a new and more serious condition which will contrib ute to early tire failure to a larger extent than will the individual factors of each condition.*Tire and Rim Association/European Tire and Rim Technical Organization.Type of TireE-3 Std. Bias Tread E-4 Bias Xtra Tread E-4 Radial Xtra TreadBase Average LifeHours 2510 3510 4200km 40 400 56 500 67 600Miles 25,100 35,100 42,000Using Base Hours (or Miles), multiply by the appropriate factor for each condition to obtain approximate estimated hours (or miles) as the final product.Example: An off-highway truck equipped with E-4 drive tires running on a well maintained haul road having easy curves and minimum grades and receiving "average" tire maintenance attention but being 20% overloaded:Condition: III III IV V VI VII VIIIFactor: 0.981 0.872 0.981 0.872 0.872 0.981 0.981 0.981 3510 base hours = 2114 hours (say 2100 hours)22-13Owning & Operating Costs10a Tires 10b UndercarriageAs can be seen, this system requires the careful application of strictly subjective judgments, and can be expected to result in conservative estimates. Keep in mind, however, that the system is offered only as an aid in estimating and not as a rigid set of rules.On the other hand, if tire life on a given job is considered less than satisfactory, an analysis of these factors may point to conditions which can be improved to the betterment of tire life.Replacement tire prices should always be obtained from local tire company sources.Since tires are considered a wear item in this method of estimating owning and operating costs, total tire replacement cost is deducted from machine delivered price to arrive at a net figure for depreciation purposes. Outlay for tires is then included as an item in operating costs:Hourly Tire Cost=Replacement Cost of Tires Estimating Tire Life in HoursRecapping can sometimes lower hourly tire cost. Considerations are availability of molds, local recapping costs, and experience with recap life.10b UNDERCARRIAGE(Line Item 10b)Undercarriage expense can be a major portion of the operating costs for track-type machines, and these costs can vary independently of basic machine costs. That is, the undercarriage can be employed in an extremely abrasive, high-wear environment while the basic machine may be in an essentially easy application, and vice-versa. For that reason, it is recommended that the hourly cost of undercarriage be calculated separately as a wear item rather than being included in the repair costs for the basic machine.Three primary conditions affect probable life-expectancy of track-type undercarriage:1. Impact. The most measurable effect of impact is structural that is bending, chipping, cracking, spalling, roll-over, etc., and problems with hardware and pin and bushing retention.Impact ratings: High Non-penetrable hard surfaces with 150 mm (6") or higher bumps.Moderate P artially penetrable surfaces and bumps of 75-150 mm (3-6") height.Low Completely penetrable surfaces (which provide full shoe plate support) with few bumps.2. Abrasiveness. The tendency of the underfoot materials to grind away the wear surfaces of track components.Abrasiveness ratings: High Saturated wet soils containing a high proportion of hard, angular or sharp sand or rock particles.Moderate Slightly or intermittently damp soils containing a low proportion of hard, angular or sharp particles.Low Dry soils or rock containing a low proportion of hard, angular or sharp sand or rock chip particles.Impact and abrasiveness in combination can accelerate wear rates beyond their individual effects when considered alone, thus further reducing component life. This should be taken into account in determining impact and abrasiveness ratings or, if preferred, the combination can be included in selecting the "Z" factor.3. "Z" factor. Represents the combined effect on component life of the many intangible environmental, operational and maintenance considerations on a given job. Environment and Terrain. Earth which may not be abrasive itself can pack in sprocket teeth, causing mis-match and high stress as the teeth engage the bushings. Corrosive chemicals in the m aterials being moved or in the natural soil can affect wear rates, while moisture and temperature can exaggerate the effect. Temperature alone can play its own role hot slag and hard-frozen soils being but the extremes. Constant sidehill work can increase wear on the sides of components.22-1410b Undercarriage Owning & Operating CostsOperation. Some operator practices tend to increase track wear and cost if not controlled on the job. Such practices include high-speed operation, particularly in reverse; tight turns or constant corrections in direction; and stalling the tractor under load forcing the tracks to slip.Maintenance. Good maintenance proper track tension, daily cleaning when working in sticky materials, etc. combined with periodic wear measurement and timely attention to recommended services (CTS) can extend component life and lower costs by minimizing the effects of these and other adverse conditions.While impact and abrasion should not be too difficult to judge, selection of the proper "Z" factor will require careful analysis of job conditions such as weather, tendency for soil packing, side-hill loading, corrosive environment, etc.; operational factors such as high-speed reverse, amount of travel, tight turns, track slippage under overload, etc.; and maintenance considerations such as proper tensioning, use of Custom Track Service, etc.Selection of the "Z" multiplier is strictly a matter of judgement and common sense, but its effect on cost can be the difference between profit on a controlled job and heavy loss where control is allowed to slip. To assist in arriving at an appropriate value for the "Z" factor, consider that proper maintenance or the lack thereof will represent about 50% of its effect, environment and terrain 30%, and operator practices 20%. For large excavators the amount of travel is the critical part of the "Z" factor. A good operator working under good field conditions can be counterbalanced by poor maintenance practices to yield a fairly high "Z" factor. On the other hand, close attention to maintenance, tension and alignment can more than offset a bad underfoot condition resulting in severe sprocket packing, and lead to selection of a moderate to low "Z" factor. Obviously, flexibility in selection of a "Z" factor has been built into the system, and use of this flexibility is encouraged. Further, a considerable measure of control can be maintained over the "Z" factor, and any reduction of its effects is money in the bank. Your Cat dealer CTS man can be invaluable in this endeavor as well as helping you establish a comprehensive undercarriage cost control program.Estimating Undercarriage CostThe guide below gives a basic factor for the varioustrack-type machines and a series of conditions multipliersto modify the basic cost according to the anticipatedimpact, abrasive and miscellaneous ("Z") conditionsunder which the unit will be operating.22Step 1. S elect machine and its corresponding basic factor. Step 2. Determine range for impact, abrasiveness and"Z" conditions. Step 3. A dd selected conditions multipliers and apply sumto basic factor.The result will be the estimated hourly cost for undercarriage in that application.Undercarriage Basic FactorsModel5230BD11T5130BD10T25110BD9TD8T973D, 587T, 589, D7R LGP, D7E LGPD7R, 963D, 583T, D6T LGP, D7R XR, D7E385C, 5090BD6T, 953D, 572R, 527365C345DD6N XL, 517336DD3K (All), D4K (All), D5K (All), 939C, PL61329D314D, 315D, 319D, 323D320D307D, 308D, 311D, 312DConditions MultipliersImpact AbrasivenessHigh0.31.0Moderate0.20.5Low0.10.1Basic Factor 28.2 26.1 20.4 16.2 13.6 10.9 9.6 11.2 9.1 7.2 7.0 6.8 5.9 5.6 5.0 4.1 3.9 3.4 2.9 2.4"Z" 1.0 0.5 0.2Example: D10T2 in high impact, non-abrasive material with a moderate "Z" factor.D10T2 Basic Factor = 16.2Multipliers:I = 0.3A = 0.1Z = 0.5U.C. cost = 16.2 (0.3 + 0.1 + 0.5) = $14.58/hour22-15Owning & Operating Costs10b Undercarriage 11 Repair CostsNOTE: 1.Conditions Multipliers may be selected in any combination. Thus, a multiplier of 0.4 (all low-range multipliers) represents the best of the best, while 1.7 (all high range multipliers) would be the worst of the worst conditions.2.T he hourly undercarriage cost estimate resulting from this method will be made up of approximately 70% parts cost and 30% labor charges. The cost of undercarriage components is based on published U.S. Consumers List Prices and may be adjusted as needed for import duties, exchange rates, etc. outside the United States. Labor has been figured at $60.00 (U.S.) per shop hour.3.For further information and guidance, refer to the current issue of the Caterpillar Custom Track Service Handbook.4.This formula for estimating undercarriage cost should not be used for tractors working in stockpile coal handling applications. Under carriage costs are nominal in stockpile coal handling, and using this formula will result in estimating cost substantially above actual costs.11REPAIR COSTS(Line Item 11)Repair cost per hour should be developed by the Cat dealer, with customer input for the specific machine application and requirements.As with PM cost per hour, repair costs are significantly affected by the specific application and situation. Several important variables must be provided by the customer and the local Cat dealer. This will enable a calculated cost per hour that is specific to the machine conditions and customer needs.Machine applications, operating conditions, ownership periods, component life, and maintenance attention determine repair costs. In any specific application, actual cost experience on similar machines and applications provides the best basis for establishing the hourly repair cost.Repairs and component lives are normally the largest single item in operating costs and include all parts and direct labor (except operator's wages) chargeable to the machine. Shop overhead can be absorbed in general overhead or charged to machines as a percent of direct labor cost, whichever is the owner's normal practice.Hourly repair costs for a single machine normally follow an upward stairstep pattern since major outlays for repairs usually come in spurts. However, when broad averages are considered, the stairstep becomes a smooth, upward curve. Since this hourly repair cost curve starts low and gradually rises over time, hourly operating costs must be adjusted upward as the unit ages. Alternatively an average repair cost can be used which provides a straight line graph. Most owners prefer the average method, and it is the one suggested here.Since repair costs are low initially and rise gradua lly, averaging them produces extra funds at first which are reserved to cover future higher costs.Your Cat dealer has the ability to make more accurate repair cost estimates and we suggest you use their experience and expertise if you need help in estimating operating costs.22-1611 Repair Costs Owning & Operating CostsAs stated, repair costs are affected by applica-tion, operating conditions, ownership period,maintenance, and age of the equipment.The mostsignificant effects on cost will be those factorsaffecting major component life. A second significantfactor is whether the repair is performed before or22after catastrophic failure. Repair before a majorcomponent fails can be one-third of an after failurerepair with only a moderate sacrifice in life (seegraphs). Oil analysis and other diagnostic tools,maintenance inspections and indicators, andoperator notes are vital to determine the optimumrepair point and thereby achieving lower hourlyrepair costs. Maintenance practices are significantbecause they affect component longevity and thepercentage of scheduled, before failure repairs.REPAIR COST $ REPAIR COST $/HOURAFTER FAILUREBEFORE FAILURE COMPONENT LIFE (SMU)OPTIMUM REPAIR POINT COMPONENT LIFE (SMU)22-17Owning & Operating Costs12 Special Wear Items 15 Operator's Hourly Wage12SPECIAL WEAR ITEMS(Line Item 12 and Subsection 12A)All costs for high-wear items such as cutting edges, ripper tips, bucket teeth, body liners, router bits, etc., and welding costs on booms and sticks should be included here. These costs will vary widely depending on applications, materials and operating techniques. Consult your Cat dealer Parts Department for estimated life under your job conditions.15 OPERATOR'S HOURLY WAGE(Line Item 15)This item should be based on local wage scales and should include the hourly cost of fringe benefits.22-18Owning & Operating Examples Track-Type TractorOwning & Operating CostsEXAMPLES OF FIGURING OWNING AND OPERATING COSTS(The following two examples are for illustrative purposes only. The intent is to show how the worksheets could be filled out. The PM and Repair costs should be developed by your local Cat dealer.)Example I: ESTIMATING HOURLY OWNING AND OPERATING COSTS OF A TRACK-TYPE TRACTORAssume a power shift track-type tractor with straight bulldozer, hydraulic control, tilt cylinder and threeshank ripper, is purchased by a contractor for $135,000, delivered price at job site.Application will be production dozing of bank gravel. Minimal ripping will be required to loosen material.In the following calculations, refer as necessary to the source material already reviewed.OWNING COSTS --To Determine Residual Value at ReplacementEnter delivered price, $135,000, in space (A). (See example form at end of this discussion.) Since the machine being considered is a track-type tractor, no tires are involved. This particular owner's experience is that at trade-in time, the tractor will be worth approximately 35% of its original value. This $47,250 trade-in value is entered in space (B) leaving a net of $87,750 to be recovered through work.Enter the net value to be recovered through work in space (C).Indicated ownership period is 7 years with annual usage of 1200 hours per year or 8400 hours of total ownership usage.Divide the Net Value from space (C), $87,750, by Ownership Usage, 8400 hours, and enter result $10.45 in space (D).Interest, Insurance, Taxes In this example, local rates are assumed as follows:Interest16%Insurance 1%Taxes___1_%_2218%Using the following formula:N = 7:[ ] 135,000 (7 + 1) + 47,250 (7 1) 2 7 1200 0.16 = 12.99Enter $12.99 in space (E).Insurance and property taxes can also be calculated using the same formula as shown for the interest cost, and entering them on lines 5 and 6.Items 3b, 4, 5 and 6 can now be added and the result, $25.06 entered in space (H) Total Hourly Owning Costs.OPERATING COSTS --FuelAssume that the estimated fuel consumption based on field data is 17 liter/hr (4.5 U.S. gal/hr.). Cost of fuel in this locality is $0.34/liter ($1.25/U.S. gal.).ConsumptionUnit CostTotal17 liter/hr $0.34 liter = $5.784.5 gal/hr $1.25 gal. = $5.63Enter this figure in space (I).22-19Owning & Operating CostsOwning & Operating Examples Track-Type TractorPlanned Maintenance (PM) Cost per HourUse PM cost per hour estimate developed by your local Cat dealer. (For this example assume cost per hour is $2.30) Enter this figure in space (J) on line 9.TiresSince this example considers a track-type tractor, space (K) is left blank.UndercarriageOur estimating reference gives an undercarriage cost Basic Factor of 6.6 for this tractor. It is anticipated that with some ripping on the job, impact loading of track components will be medium, indicating an "I" multiplier of 0.2. The gravel-sand mix in the bank, being dry, should be only moderately abrasive for an "A" multiplier of 0.2. In analyzing the miscellaneous conditions: there is enough clay in the bank to produce some packing of the sprockets; the operator is careful, but is forced into some tight turns because of space limitations; there is good drainage in the pit; track tension is checked weekly; and all track-type equipment on the job is enrolled in the Custom Track Service program. Accordingly, the "Z" multiplier is judged to be somewhat greater than low level -- 0.3 in this case.It should be noted that in applying particularly the "Z" factor, rather wide flexibility is provided and was used in the above example. Such flexibility is intended and its use encouraged.Then:Cost per hour = Basic Factor (I + A + Z) Basic Factor = 6.6 Conditions Multipliers: I = 0.2A = 0.2 Z = 0.3Cost per hour 6.6 (0.2 + 0.2 + 0.3) = $4.62 which is entered in space (L).Repair Cost per HourUse the Repair cost per hour estimate developed by your local Cat dealer. (For this example assume cost per hour is $6.12) Enter this figure in space (M) on line 11.Special ItemsAssuming the tractor is equipped with a three-shank ripper and an "S" dozer, allowance must be made for ripper tips, shank protectors, and dozer cutting edges.Assume your knowledge of the operation indicates the ripper will be used only about 20% of total tractor operating time. Estimated tip life while in use is 30 hours. Therefore, tips will be replaced:30 Hours 0.20=each150hoursoftractoroperationShank protector life is estimated at three times tip life or 450 hours of tractor operation.Cutting edge life is estimated to be 500 hours. Using local prices for these items, hourly costs are estimated as follows:Tips:3 @ $35.00 ea. 150 hr.= $0.70 per hourShank Protectors:3 @ $55.00 ea. 450 hr.= $0.37 per hourCutting Edges: $125 per set = $0.25 per hour 500 hr.The total of these, $1.32; is entered in space (N).Items 8, 9, 10b, 11 and 12 can now be added and the result, $19.99, is entered in space (O), Total Hourly Operating Costs.Operator's Hourly Wage Assume this is $25.00 including fringe benefits. Thisfigure is entered in space (P). Total Owning Costs, Total Operating Costs and Operator's Hourly Wage are now added together and the result, $67.01, is entered in space (Q). The itemized estimate of Hourly Owning and Operating Costs is now complete.22-20Owning & Operating Example II Wheel LoaderOwning & Operating CostsExample II: ESTIMATING HOURLY OWNING AND OPERATING COSTS OF A WHEELED VEHICLEWith only a few simple changes, owning and operating costs for a wheeled vehicle are calculated using the same format as that used for the Track-Type Tractor. Only the differences will be explained as we look at example calculations for a wheel loader.OWNING COSTS --To Determine Residual Value at Replacement Enter delivered price in space (A). The cost of tires isdeducted since they will be treated as a wear item. For purposes of illustration, the Wheel Loader is estimated to have a potential 48% trade-in value (B) at the end of the 5 year/7500 hour ownership usage, leaving a net value to be recovered through work of $34,320 (C).Interest, Insurance, Taxes Refer to the formulas using the same rates as beforeand 1500 operating hours per year. The result $4.22 is applied to the interest cost (E).Insurance and property taxes can also be calculated using the same formula as shown for the interest cost.The sum of lines 3b, 4, 5 and 6 gives the total hourly owning cost, line 7.OPERATING COSTS --Fuel Estimate fuel consumption and apply the actual costof purchasing fuel in the project area (I).Planned Maintenance (PM) Cost per Hour Use PM cost per hour estimate developed by yourlocal Cat dealer. (For this example assume cost per hour is $2.10.) Enter this figure in space (J) on line 9.Tires Use the tire replacement cost and the best estimate of tirelife based on experience and anticipated job conditions.Repair Cost per Hour Use the Repair cost per hour estimate developed by 22your local Cat dealer. (For this example assume cost per hour is $3.39.) Enter this figure in space (M) on line 11.Special Items Ground engaging tools, welding, etc. are covered here.Use current costs for cutting edges and similar items. Use your best estimate of the hours of life which can be expected from them based on previous experience in like materials. Enter the total on line 12.The total of lines 8 through 13 represents hourly operating costs.Operator's Hourly Wage To give a true picture of operator cost, include fringebenefits as well as direct hourly wages (line 15).TOTAL O&O The total of lines 7, 13 and 15 is the total hourly owningand operating cost of the machine. Keep in mind that this is an estimate and can change radically from project to project. For the greatest accuracy, the hourly cost reflected in actual on-the-job cost records should be used.22-21Owning & Operating CostsOwning & Operating Examples I and II Estimating FormHOURLY OWNING AND OPERATING COST ESTIMATEAMachine Designation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BEstimated Ownership Period (Years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CEstimated Usage (Hours/Year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DOwnership Usage (Total Hours)(B C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATE _____________Estimate #1Estimate #2Track-type __T_r_a_c_t_o_r__ ___0_0__0_7___ ___1_2_0__0___ ___8_4_0__0___Wheel __L_o_a_d__e_r__ __0_,_0_0_0_5___ __0_,_1_5_0_0___ __0_,_7_5_0_0___OWNING COSTS 1. a. Delivered Price (P), to the Customer (including attachments) . b. Less Tire Replacement Cost if desired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1) 1_3_5_,_0_0_0__(_A_)____N_/_A____(2) __7_0_,_0_0_0_____0_,_4_0_0_0___c. Delivered Price Less Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . __1_3_5_,_0_0_0____6_6_,_0_0_0___2. Less Residual Value at Replacement (S) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (_3_5_%) _4_7_,2__5_0_(_B_)_ (_4_8_%) __3_1_,_6_8_0___ (See subsection 2A on back)3. a. Net Value to be recovered through work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (line 1c less line 2)_8_7_,7__5_0_(_C_)___3_4_,_3_2_0___b. Cost Per Hour:__N_e__t_V_a_l_u_e__ (1) ___8_7_,7__5_0__(2) __3__4_,3_2_0___ . . . . . . . . . . . Total Hours84007500_1_0_._4_5__(D__)____4_._5_8____4. Interest Costs P__(N__+__1_)_+__S_(_N____1_) Simple Int. % Rate N = No.Yrs. ________2_N____________________________ = Hours/Year(1) [135,000 (7 + 1)] +(2) [66,000 (5 + 1)] +[47,250 (7 1)] 0.16 ______2_____7_____________ =_1_2_0_0_ Hours/Yr.[31,680 (5 1)] 0.16 ______2_____5_____________ =_1_5_0_0_ Hours/Yr._1__2_.9_9__(_E_)____5_._5_8____5. Insurance N = No. Yrs.P__(N__+__1_)_+__S_(_N____1_) Insurance % Rate ________2_N____________________________ =Hours/Year(1) [135,000 (7 + 1)] +(2) [66,000 (5 + 1)] +[47,250 (7 1)] 0.01[31,680 (5 1)] 0.01______2_____7_____________ = _______2____5______________ =_1_2_0_0_ Hours/Yr._1_5_0_0_ Hours/Yr.__0_._8_1__(F_)_____0_._3_5____(Optional method when Insurance cost per year is known) Ins. $ __________ Per Yr. ÷ __________ Hours/Yr. =Estimating form continues next page22-22Owning & Operating Examples I and II Estimating FormOwning & Operating Costs6. Property Tax N = No. Yrs.P____(N____+____1__)__2_+_N__S___(_N________1__)____T_a_x__R__a_te__%__ = Hours/Year(1) [135,000 (7 + 1)] +(2) [66,000 (5 + 1)] +[47,250 (7 1)] 0.01[31,680 (5 1)] 0.01______2_____7_____________ = _______2____5______________ =_1_2_0_0_ Hours/Yr._1_5_0_0_ Hours/Yr.(Optional method when Property Tax cost per year is known)Property Tax $ __________ Per Yr. ÷ __________ Hours/Yr. =7. TOTAL HOURLY OWNING COST (add lines 3b, 4, 5 and 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OPERATING COSTS8. Fuel: (1) (2)Unit Price Consumption ___1_.2_5___ ____4_._5_0____ = ___1_.2_5___ _____2______ =9. Planned Maintenance (PM)-Lube Oils, Filters, Grease, Labor: (contact your local Cat dealer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. a. Tires: Replacement Cost ÷ Life in Hours_C__o_s_t_ (1) ____N_/_A____ (2) ___4_0__0_0___ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Life3500b. Undercarriage (Impact + Abrasiveness + Z Factor) Basic Factor(1) (__0_._2__ + __0_._2__ + __0_._3__ ) = __0_._7__ __6_._6__ =(2) (______ + ______ + ______ ) = ______ ______ = (Total) (Factor)11. Repair Cost (Per Hour) (contact your local Cat dealer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. Special Wear Items: Cost ÷ Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (See subsection 12A on back)13. TOTAL OPERATING COSTS (add lines 8, 9, 10a (or 10b), 11 and 12) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. MACHINE OWNING PLUS OPERATING (add lines 7 and 13) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. OPERATOR'S HOURLY WAGE (include fringes) . . . . . . . . . . . . 16. TOTAL OWNING AND OPERATING COST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Estimate #1__0_._8_1__(G__)__2_5_._0_6__(H__)_ __5_._6_3__(I_)__ __2_._3_0__(J_)__ __2_._3_0__(K__) ___4_._6_2__(L_)____6_._1_2_(_M__)_ __1_._3_2_(_N__) _ _1_9_._9_9__(O__)_ _4_5_._0_5_____ _2_5_._0_0__(P__) _ __7__0__.__0__5__(__Q__)____Estimate #222 ____0_._3_5______1_0_._8_6_______2_._5_0___ ____2_._1_0___ ____1_._1_4_________________3_._3_9___ ____0_._6_0___ ____9_._7_3___ ___2_0_._5_9___ ___2_5_._0_0___ ______4__5__.__5__9______22-23Owning & Operating CostsOwning & Operating Examples I and II Supplemental Calculations to Estimating FormSUBSECTION 2A: Residual Value at ReplacementGross Selling Price (est. #1) (___%) __________Less: a. Commission__________b. Make-ready costs__________c.Inflation duringownership period*__________(est. #2) (___%) __________ __________ ____________________Net Residual Value (Enter on line 2)___4_7_,2__5_0__ (_3_5_%)___3_1_,6_8__0__ (_4_8_%) of original delivered price*When used equipment auction prices are used to estimate residual value, the effect of inflation during the ownership period should be removed to show in constant value what part of the asset must be recovered through work.SUBSECTION 12A: Special Items (cutting edges, ground engaging tools, bucket teeth, etc.)(1)CostLifeCost/Hour(2)1. _____1_0_5_____ ÷ _____1_5_0_____ = ____$_0_._7_0____ 1. _____1_2_0_____ ÷ _____2_0_0_____ = _____0_.6_0_____2. _____1_6_5_____ ÷ _____4_5_0_____ = ____$_0_._3_7____ 2. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________3. _____1_2_5_____ ÷ _____5_0_0_____ = ____$_0_._2_5____ 3. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________4. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 4. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________5. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 5. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________6. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________ 6. ____________ ÷ ____________ = ____________Total (1) _____1_.3_2_____ (2) _____0_.6_0_____(Enter total on line 12)22-24FORMER MODELSNOTE: This list stopped being updated since PHB49.TRACK-TYPE TRACTORSGauge LengthProductHorse- Approx. m (ft)m (ft)Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb)Ident. No.Yearspower Machine and FW/ Weight Widthand HeightTrans-and Forward Speed -- km/h (mph)23ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD24U47-58 43/38 32581.022.74DD3609 2588 2061 1634 1067(7175) (3'4")(9'0")(7950) (5700) (4540) (3600) (2350)1.421.572.94.45.26.38.9(4'8")(5'2")(1.8) (2.7) (3.2) (3.9) (5.5)D24U47-58 42/35 32581.022.74DD3609 2588 2061 1634 1067(7175) (3'4")(9'0")(7950) (5700) (4540) (3600) (2350)1.571.572.74.04.85.88.2(5'2")(5'2")(1.7) (2.5) (3.0) (3.6) (5.1)D25U57-58 38/3231191.272.74DD3033 2483 2007 1703 1035(5870) (4'2")(9'0")(6680) (5420) (4420) (3570) (2280)1.421.572.74.04.85.88.2(4'8")(5'2")(1.7) (2.5) (3.0) (3.6) (5.1)D25U57-58 43/38 33731.272.74DD3609 2588 2061 1634 1067(7430) (4'2")(9'0")(7950) (5700) (4540) (3600) (2250)1.671.572.94.45.26.38.9(5'6")(5'2")(1.8) (2.7) (3.2) (3.9) (5.5)D379U72-7962/--48121.422.77PS(10,610) (4'8")(9'1")1.781.703.15.611.3(5'10") (5'7")(1.9) (3.5) (7.0)D3 LGP6N72-7962/--54101.652.97PS(11,925) (5'5") (9'10")2.291.703.15.611.3(7'6")(5'7")(1.9) (3.5) (7.0)D3B23Y79-876567191.422.77PS(14,812) (4'8")(9'1")1.782.673.15.611.4(5'10") (8'9")(1.9) (3.5) (7.1)D3B27Y79-876568771.422.77PS(15,160) (4'8")(9'1")1.782.673.15.910.6(5'10") (8'9")(1.9) (3.7) (6.6)D3B LGP24Y79-876574791.652.99PS(16,488) (5'5") (9'10")2.292.673.15.611.4(7'6")(8'9")(1.9) (3.5) (7.1)D3B LGP28Y79-876576371.652.99PS(16,836) (5'5") (9'10")2.292.673.15.910.7(7'6")(8'9")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)D3B3YC85-876567191.422.77DD5593 3993 2694 1830 1326(14,812) (4'8")(9'1")(12,330) (8802) (5940) (4034) (2925)1.782.672.48 3.40 4.68 6.45 8.27(5'10") (8'9")(1.5) (2.1) (2.9) (4.0) (5.1)D3B LGP5MC85-876574791.652.99DD5595 3993 2694 1830 1326(16,488) (5'5") (9'10")(12,330) (8802) (5940) (4034) (2925)2.292.672.48 3.40 4.68 6.45 8.27(7'6")(8'9")(1.5) (2.1) (2.9) (4.0) (5.1)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-1Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD3C5KGD3C Series IID3C Series IIID3C XL Series IID3C XL Series IIID3G XLCFCD3G XL*JMHD3C LGP1PJD3C LGP Series IID3C LGP Series IIID3G LGPCFFD3G LGP*BYR87-90 90-93 93-01 91-93 93-01 01-03 03-07 87-90 90-93 93-01 01-03 03-076770841.422.8PS(15,618) (4'8")(9'4")1.792.663.15.910.8(5'10.6") (8'8.9")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)7070011.42PS(15,435) (4'8")1.793.15.910.8(5'11")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)7071101.453.98(15,650)(4'9") 1.85(13'1") 2.73HYS0-9.0(6'1") (8'11")(0-5.6)7072421.42PS(15,965) (4'8")1.833.15.910.8(6'0")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)7073041.453.98(16,100)(4'9") 1.85(13'1") 2.73HYS0-9.0(6'1") (8'11")(0-5.6)7073141.454.02HYS(16,125) (4'9") (13'2")1.852.720-9.0(6'1") (8'11")(0-5.6)7073451.454.02HYS(16,193) (4'9") (13'2")1.852.720-9.0(6'1") (8'11")(0-5.6)6777881.653.0PS(17,170) (5'4") (9'10.1")2.292.663.15.910.8(7'6") (8'8.9")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)7077881.65PS(17,170) (5'5")2.293.15.910.8(7'6")(1.9) (3.7) (6.7)7077101.683.95(17,000)(5'6") 2.31(13'0") 2.73HYS0-9.0(7'7") (8'11")(0-5.6)7077231.684.02HYS(17,026) (5'6") (13'2")2.312.720-9.0(7'7") (8'11")(0-5.6)7077681.684.02HYS(17,126) (5'6") (13'2")2.312.720-9.0(7'7") (8'11")(0-5.6)*Emits equivalent to U.S. EPA Tier 2/EU Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-2Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD46U47-59 48/43 46291.123.07DD4531 3496 2656 2089 1339(10,195) (3'8") (11'0")(9980) (7700) (5850) (4600) (2950)1.581.542.74.24.86.08.7(5'2")(5'1")(1.7) (2.4) (3.0) (3.7) (5.4)D46U47-59 60/48 48471.123.16DD4858 3496 2724 2093 132623(10,675) (3'8") (10'5")(10,700) (7700) (6000) (4610) (2920)1.581.543.14.35.56.89.8(5'2")(5'1")(1.9) (2.7) (3.4) (4.2) (6.1)D46U47-59 63/50 48441.123.18DD4858 3528 2724 2093 1326(10,675) (3'8") (10'5")(10,700) (7770) (6000) (4610) (2920)1.581.763.14.35.56.89.8(5'2") (5'10")(1.9) (2.7) (3.4) (4.2) (6.1)D47U47-59 63/50 50671.523.16DD4858 3528 2724 2093 1326(10,970) (5'0") (10'5")(10,700) (7770) (6000) (4610) (2920)1.981.763.14.35.56.89.8(6'6") (5'10")(1.9) (2.7) (3.4) (4.2) (6.1)D4B2XF877574501.422.78PS(16,420) (4'8")(9'1")1.782.673.26.011.1(5'10") (8'9")(2.0) (3.7) (6.9)D4B LGP1SG877578001.652.99PS(17,200) (5'5") (9'10")2.292.673.26.011.1(7'6")(8'9")(2.0) (3.7) (6.9)D4C39A59-63 65/52 50641.123.05DD4858 3528 2724 2093 1321(11,155) (3'8") (10'1")(10,700) (7770) (6000) (4610) (2910)1.581.763.14.35.56.89.8(5'2") (5'10")(1.9) (2.7) (3.4) (4.2) (6.1)D4C40A59-63 65/52 48811.523.05DD4858 3528 2724 2093 1321(10,750) (5'0") (10'1")(10,700) (7770) (6000) (4610) (2910)1.981.763.14.35.56.89.8(6'6") (5'10")(1.9) (2.7) (3.4) (4.2) (6.1)D4C1RJ87-907875811.423.00PS(16,714) (4'7") (9'10.1")1.832.663.15.911.1(6'0") (8'8.9")(1.9) (3.7) (6.9)D4C Series II90-938075571.42PS(16,660) (4'8")1.833.25.911.1(6'5")(2.0) (3.7) (6.9)D4C Series III93-018073301.503.99(16,150) (4'11") (13'1")HYS1.912.730-9.0(6'3") (8'11")(0-5.6)D4C XL93-018075201.503.99Series III(16,570) (4'11") (13'1")HYS1.962.730-9.0(6'5") (8'11")(0-5.6)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-3Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD4C LGP2CJD4C LGP Series IID4C LGP Series IIID4D78AD4D22CD4D82JD4D83JD4D83JD4E27XD4E28XD4G XLCFND4G XL*HYD87-90 90-93 93-01 63-68 67-6863 67-71 72-77 77-84 77-84 01-03 03-0778 80 80 65/52 65/-- --/65 --/65 --/75 80/-- 80/-- 80 807905 (17,427)7905 (17,427)7790 (17,160)5900 (13,000)5900 (13,100)7910 (17,440)8270 (18,240)5900 (13,100)9013 (19,820)9090 (20,040)7761 (17,110)7800 (17,196)1.65 (5'4") 2.29 (7'6") 1.65 (5'5") 2.29 (7'6") 1.68 (5'6") 2.31 (7'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 2.44 (8'0") 1.52 (5'0") 2.44 (8'0") 1.50 (4'11") 1.96 (6'5") 1.50 (4'11") 1.96 (6'5")3.00 (9'10.1")2.66 (8'8.9")3.99 (13'1") 2.73 (8'11") 3.35 (11'0") 2.41 (7'11") 3.38 (11'1") 2.41 (7'11") 3.38 (11'1") 2.67 (8'9") 3.38 (11'1") 2.67 (8'9") 3.38 (11'1") 2.67 (8'9") 3.86 (12'8") 2.72 (8'11") 3.86 (12'8") 2.72 (8'11") 4.04 (13'3") 2.72 (8'11") 4.04 (13'3") 2.72 (8'11")PSPS3.25.911.1(2.0) (3.7) (6.9)HYS0-9.0(0-5.6)DD5300 3700 2560 1880 1350(11,690) (8160) (5640) (4150) (2980)2.73.95.57.19.3(1.7) (2.4) (3.4) (4.4) (5.8)PS3.25.89.3(2.0) (3.6) (5.8)DD6150 4150 2820 2030 1420(13,550) (9140) (6210) (4480) (3120)2.74.05.47.29.4(1.7) (2.5) (3.4) (4.5) (5.9)PS3.25.79.3(2.0) (3.6) (5.8)DD6150 4150 2820 2030 1420(13,550) (9140) (6210) (4480) (3120)2.74.05.47.29.4(1.7) (2.5) (3.4) (4.5) (5.9)DD6495 4425 3018 2172 1509(14,320) (9756) (6654) (4788) (3327)2.84.05.57.29.5(1.7) (2.5) (3.4) (4.5) (5.9)PS3.35.99.5(2.1) (3.7) (5.9)HYS0-9.0 (0-5.6) HYS0-9.0 (0-5.6)*Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-4Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD4G LGPFDCD4G LGP** TLXD4H (JPN) 8PB*D4H (JPN) 2AC*D4H (JPN) 8PB*D4H (JPN)8PBD4H (JPN) 2AC*D4H (JPN)2ACD4H LGP (JPN)9DB*D4H LGP (JPN)3AC*D4H LGP (JPN)9DB*D4H LGP9DB(JPN)01-038081091.684.04HYS(17,877) (5'6") (13'3")2.312.720-9.003-0780(7'7") (8'11")81431.684.04HYS(0-5.6)23(17,952) (5'6") (13'3")2.312.720-9.0(7'7") (8'11")(0-5.6)85-89 90/--99751.673.422PS(21,991) (5'6") (11'3")2.132.9333.56.210.2(7'0")(9'8")(2.2) (3.9) (6.3)85-89 90/-- 10 1111.673.422DD7618 5843 4333 3207 2335 1640(22,291) (5'6") (11'3")(16,798) (12,884) (9554) (7071) (5149) (3617)2.132.9332.53.24.35.57.29.5(7'0")(9'8")(1.6) (2.0) (2.6) (3.4) (4.4) (5.9)89-90 95/-- 10 1051.673.422PS(22,277) (5'6") (11'3")2.132.9333.56.210.2(7'0")(9'8")(2.2) (3.9) (6.3)91-96 95/-- 11 0191.673.44PS(24,242) (5'6") (11'3")2.132.9393.56.210.2(7'0")(9'8")(2.2) (3.9) (6.3)89-90 95/-- 10 2311.673.422DD7454 5715 4235 3132 2277 1597(22,555) (5'6") (11'3")(16,434) (12,599) (9336) (6904) (5020) (3520)2.132.9332.53.24.35.57.29.5(7'0")(9'8")(1.6) (2.0) (2.6) (3.4) (4.4) (5.9)91-96 95/-- 11 0191.673.44DD7454 5715 4235 3132 2227 1597(24,242) (5'6") (11'3")(16,434) (12,599) (9336) (6904) (5020) (3520)2.132.9392.53.24.35.57.29.5(7'0")(9'8")(1.6) (2.0) (2.6) (3.4) (4.4) (5.9)85-89 90/-- 11 2452.003.693PS(24,790) (6'7") (10'4")2.762.9863.56.210.2(9'1") (9'10")(2.2) (3.9) (6.3)85-89 90/-- 11 3812.003.693DD7618 5843 4333 3207 2335 1640(25,090) (6'7") (10'4")(16,798) (12,884) (9554) (7071) (5149) (3617)2.762.9862.53.24.35.57.29.5(9'1") (9'10")(1.6) (2.0) (2.6) (3.4) (4.4) (5.9)89-90 95/-- 11 3502.003.693PS(25,022) (6'7") (10'4")2.762.9863.56.210.2(9'1") (9'10")(2.2) (3.9) (6.3)91-96 105/-- 12 4402.003.718PS(27,368) (6'7") (12'2")2.763.043.46.010.2(9'1") (10'0")(2.1) (3.7) (6.4) *D4H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. **Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-5Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)ModelGauge LengthProductHorse- Approx. m (ft)m (ft)Ident.power Machine andandNo.YearsFW/ Weight Width Height Trans-PrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1stRated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)2nd3rd4th5thD4H LGP (JPN)3AC*D4H LGP9GJ(JPN)D4H XL8PS(JPN)D581HD582HD583HD584HD598JD593JD594JD595JD596J89-90 92-96 92-96 67-67 67-67 67-67 67-67 67-77 67-77 66-77 66-77 66-7795/-- 105/-- 105/-- 93/75 93/75 93/-- 93/--105 105 105 105 10511 476 (25,300)12 440 (27,368)11 786 (25,929)8300 (18,200)8400 (18,600)8500 (18,800)8700 (19,200)11 290 (24,400)11 290 (24,400)11 390 (25,100)11 290 (24,900)11 600 (25,600)2.00 (6'7") 2.76 (9'1") 2.00 (6'7") 2.76 (9'1") 1.77 (5'10") 2.28 (7'6") 1.52 (5'0") 2.02 (6'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.38 (7'10") 1.52 (5'0") 2.02 (6'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.38 (7'10") 1.52 (5'0") 2.02 (6'8") 1.52 (5'0") 2.02 (6'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.38 (7'10") 1.52 (5'0") 2.02 (6'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.38 (7'10")3.693 (10'4") 2.986 (9'10") 3.718 (12'2") 3.04 (10'0") 3.446 (11'4") 2.99 (9'10") 3.89 (12'9") 2.00 (8'7") 3.89 (12'9") 2.00 (8'7") 3.89 (12'9") 2.64 (8'8") 3.89 (12'9") 2.64 (8'8") 3.89 (12'9") 2.74 (9'0") 3.89 (12'9") 2.74 (9'0") 3.89 (12'9") 2.74 (9'0") 3.89 (12'9") 2.74 (9'0") 3.89 (12'9") 2.74 (9'0")DD7454 5715 4235 3132 2277(16,434) (12,599) (9336) (6904) (5020)2.53.24.35.57.2(1.6) (2.0) (2.6) (3.4) (4.4)PS3.46.0 10.2(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)PS3.46.0 10.2(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)DD7870 4910 3330 2230 1440(17,330) (10,820) (7320) (4920) (3170)3.84.75.87.18.9(2.3) (2.9) (3.6) (4.4) (5.5)DD7870 4910 3330 2230 1440(17,330) (10,820) (7320) (4920) (3170)2.74.25.88.011.1(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)PS2.74.25.88.011.1(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)PS3.66.1 10.1(2.2) (3.8) (6.3)DD8770 5500 3750 2540 1660(19,340) (12,130) (8270) (5610) (3660)4.04.85.66.47.4(2.5) (3.0) (3.5) (4.0) (4.6)DD8770 5500 3750 2540 1660(19,340) (12,130) (8270) (5610) (3660)2.74.25.88.011.1(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)DD8770 5500 3750 2540 1660(19,340) (12,130) (8270) (5610) (3660)2.74.25.88.011.1(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)PSPS*D4H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.6th 1597 (3520) 9.5 (5.9)9.0 (5.6)23-6Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD5B25X77-84 105/-- 11 6191.884.60PS(25,615) (6'2") (15'1")3.152.773.56.110.1(10'4") (9'1")(2.2) (3.8) (6.3)D5B23X77-82 105/-- 11 2831.884.60DD8060 5030 3410 2290 148023(24,875) (6'2") (15'1")(17,770) (11,100) (7520) (5060) (3260)3.152.772.74.25.88.011.1(10'4") (9'1")(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)D5C91-939084601.54PS(18,650) (5'1")2.013.56.310.0(6'7")(2.2) (3.9) (6.2)D5C Series III93-019084901.554.07(18,710)(5'1") 2.00(13'4") 2.74HYS0-9.0(6'7")(9'0")(0-5.6)D5C XL93-019088201.554.32Series III(19,450)(5'1") 2.06(14'2") 2.74HYS0-9.0(6'9")(9'0")(0-5.6)D5C LGP91-939089871.72PS(19,800) (5'8")2.383.56.310.0(7'10")(2.2) (3.9) (6.2)D5C LGP93-019089701.734.07Series III(19,780)(5'8") 2.39(13'4") 2.74HYS0-9.0(7'10") (9'0")(0-5.6)D5E-9910511 7001.523.88DD8770 5500 3750 2450 1660(25,800) (5'0") (12'8")(19,340) (12,130) (8270) (5600) (3660)D5G XLFDH01-039088631.554.34HYS(19,540) (5'1") (14'3")2.062.730-9.0(6'9") (8'11")(0-5.6)D5G XL*WGB03-079089191.554.34HYS(19,662) (5'1") (14'3")2.062.730-9.0(6'9") (8'11")(0-5.6)D5G LGPFDW01-039092071.734.25HYS(20,298) (5'8") (13'11")2.392.730-9.0(7'10") (8'11")(0-5.6)D5G LGP*RKG03-079092691.734.25HYS(20,434) (5'8") (13'11")2.392.730-9.0(7'10") (8'11")(0-5.6)*Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-7Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)ModelGauge LengthProductHorse- Approx. m (ft)m (ft)Ident.power Machine andandNo.YearsFW/ Weight Width Height Trans-PrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1stRated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)2nd3rd4th5thD5H (FR)8RC*D5H (FR)8RCD5H (FR)7NC*D5H (FR)7NCD5H LGP (FR)1DD*D5H LGP1DD(FR)D5H LGP (FR)9HC*D5H LGP9HC(FR)D5H (JPN) 3MD*D5H (JPN)3MDD5H (JPN) 1YD*85-90 91-96 85-90 91-96 86-90 91-96 85-90 91-96 86-90 91-96 86-90120/-- 120/-- 120/-- 120/-- 120/-- 130/-- 120/-- 130/-- 120/-- 120/-- 120/--12 144 (26,772)13 250 (29,200)12 212 (26,922)13 250 (29,200)14 685 (32,380)16 200 (35,700)14 878 (32,800)16 200 (35,700)12 144 (26,772)13 250 (29,200)12 212 (26,922)1.8 (5'11") 2.21 (7'3")1.8 (5'11") 2.31 (7'7")1.8 (5'11") 2.21 (7'3")1.8 (5'11") 2.31 (7'7") 2.16 (7'1") 3.02 (9'11") 2.16 (7'1") 3.02 (9'11") 2.16 (7'1") 3.02 (9'11") 2.16 (7'1") 3.02 (9'11")1.8 (5'11") 2.21 (7'3")1.8 (5'11") 2.31 (7'7")1.8 (5'11") 2.21 (7'3")3.6 (11'10")2.93 (9'7") 3.6 (11'10") 3.0 (9'10") 3.6 (11'10") 2.93 (9'7") 3.6 (11'10") 3.0 (9'10") 4.129 (13'7") 3.069 (10'1") 4.133 (13'7") 3.135 (10'3") 4.129 (13'7") 3.069 (10'1") 4.133 (13'7") 3.135 (10'3") 3.6 (11'10") 2.93 (9'7") 3.6 (11'10") 3.0 (9'10") 3.6 (11'10") 2.93 (9'7")PS------3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)DD3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140)2.73.44.55.87.6(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140)2.73.44.55.87.6(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)PS3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)PS3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140)2.73.44.55.87.6(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)DD 10 061 7725 5738 4256 3109(22,181) (17,031) (12,650) (9384) (6855)2.63.44.55.87.5(1.6) (2.1) (2.7) (3.6) (4.7)PS3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)PS3.35.910.0(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140)2.73.44.55.87.6(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)*D5H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.6th1950 (4300) 10.0 (6.2) 1950 (4300) 10.0 (6.2)1950 (4300) 10.0 (6.2) 2195 (4840)9.9 (6.2)1950 (4300) 10.0 (6.2)23-8Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD5H (JPN) 1YD*D5H LGP (JPN)4KD*D5H LGP4KD(JPN)D5H LGP (JPN)2SD*D5H LGP2SD(JPN)D5H XL8RJ(FR)D5M XL4BR(FR)D5M XL6GN(FR)D5M LGP3DR(FR)D5M LGP3CR(FR)91-96 120/-- 13 2501.83.6DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785 1950(29,200) (5'11") (11'10")(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140) (4300)2.313.02.73.44.55.87.610.086-90 120/-- 14 685(7'7") 2.16(9'10") 4.129PS(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)23(32,380) (7'1") (13'7")3.023.0693.35.910.0(9'11") (10'1")(2.1) (3.6) (6.2)91-96 130/-- 16 200 2.164.133PS(35,700) (7'1") (13'7")3.023.1353.35.910.0(9'11") (10'3")(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)86-90 120/-- 14 8782.164.129DD9140 7005 5190 3835 2785 1950(32,800) (7'1") (13'7")(20,150) (15,440) (11,440) (8450) (6140) (4300)3.023.0692.73.44.55.87.610.0(9'11") (10'1")(1.7) (2.1) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)91-96 130/-- 16 200 2.164.133DD 10 061 7725 5738 4256 3109 2195(35,700) (7'1") (13'7")(22,181) (17,031) (12,650) (9384) (6855) (4840)3.023.1352.63.44.55.87.59.9(9'11") (10'3")(1.6) (2.1) (2.7) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)92-96 130/-- 13 9001.893.606PS(30,600) (6'2") (11'10")2.493.083.35.910.0(8'2") (9'11")(2.1) (3.7) (6.2)96-02 82/110 12 2501.773.544PS22 347 12 166 6745(27,006) (5'10") (11'8")(49,264) (26,821) (14,870)2.33** 3.002***3.27 5.81 9.93(7'8")** (9'10")***(2.03) (3.61) (6.17)96-02 82/110 12 2501.773.544PS22 347 12 166 6745(27,006) (5'10") (11'8")(49,264) (26,821) (14,870)2.33** 3.002***3.27 5.81 9.93(7'8")** (9'10")***(2.03) (3.61) (6.17)96-02 82/110 13 1002.003.72PS22 347 12 166 6745(28,880) (6'7") (12'2")(49,264) (26,821) (14,870)2.76** 3.046***3.27 5.81 9.93(9'1")** (10'0")***(2.03) (3.61) (6.17)96-02 82/110 13 1002.003.72PS22 347 12 166 6745(28,880) (6'7") (12'2")(49,264) (26,821) (14,870)2.76** 3.046***3.27 5.81 9.93(9'1")** (10'0")***(2.03) (3.61) (6.17)***D5H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. ***Width without blade and with standard shoes. ***Height with ROPS cab. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-9Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD64R47-598580421.883.75DD8618 5534 3837 2617 1842(17,730) (6'2") (12'4")(19,000) (12,200) (8460) (5770) (4060)1.521.912.74.25.88.010.6(5'0")(6'3")(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.6)D69U47-59 93/75 81531.883.75DD8618 5534 3837 2617 1842(17,975) (6'2") (12'4")(19,000) (12,200) (8460) (5770) (4060)1.521.912.74.25.88.010.6(5'0")(6'3")(1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.6)D6B37A59-67 93/75 81301.523.85DD(17,930) (5'0") (12'9")2.021.91(6'8")(6'3")D6B44A59-67 93/75 83001.883.85DD7820 4940 3220 2120 1450(18,300) (6'2") (12'9")(16,240) (10,900) (7090) (4670) (3190)2.381.912.74.26.08.410.9(7'10") (6'3")(1.7) (2.6) (3.7) (5.2) (6.8)D6C74A63-67120 10 4001.883.95DD 12 050 8020 5300 3360 2030(23,000) (6'2") (13'0")(26,540) (17,670) (11,690) (7400) (4470)2.381.922.43.44.86.89.5(7'9")(6'4")(1.5) (2.1) (3.0) (4.2) (5.9)D6C76A63-67120 10 7001.883.95PS(23,500) (6'2") (13'0")2.381.92(7'9")(6'4")D6C10K67-7614013 8801.883.73PS(30,600) (6'2") (12'3")2.382.874.06.9 10.8(7'9")(9'5")(2.5) (4.3) (6.7)D6 LGP69U72-7714017 0102.113.94PS(37,500) (6'11") (12'11")3.022.97(9'11") (9'9")D6C99J67-7614014 2431.883.73DD 11 500 7750 5180 3350 2090(31,400) (6'2") (12'3")(25,360) (17,090) (11,420) (7380) (4610)2.382.872.74.05.67.911.1(7'9")(9'5")(1.7) (2.5) (3.5) (4.9) (6.9)D6C LGP69U72-7714013 8352.112.97PS(30,500) (6'11") (9'9")3.023.94(9'11") (12'11")NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-10Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6D3X77-86140 14 2901.883.73DD 11 500 7750 5180 3350 2090(31,500) (6'2") (12'3")(25,360) (17,090) (11,420) (7380) (4610)2.363.061.74.05.67.911.1(7'9") (10'0")(2.7) (2.5) (3.5) (4.9) (6.9)D6D4X77-86140 14 2901.883.73PS4.06.910.823(31,500) (6'2") (12'3")(2.5) (4.3) (6.7)D6D LGP6X77-86140 17 3702.13.94PS(38,300) (6'11") (12'1")3.023.064.06.910.8(9'11") (10'0")(2.5) (4.3) (6.7)D6H4RC*85-90 165/-- 16 9501.884.069PS(37,367) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H8KB85-88 165/-- 16 9541.884.069DD 12 500 9520 7140 5440 4010 2820(37,377) (6'2") (13'4")(27,560) (20,990) (15,740) (11,990) (8840) (6220)2.643.1142.73.54.65.87.610.0(8'8") (10'3")(1.7) (2.2) (2.9) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)D6H3ZF*88-90 165/-- 17 0551.884.069 PS/DS(37,599) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H LGP6FC*87-90 165/-- 19 555 2.2254.493PS(43,111) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H LGP3YG*88-90 165/-- 19 527 2.2254.493PS/DS(43,049) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H (JPN) 2KD*86-90 165/-- 16 9501.884.069PS(37,367) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H (DS)32F92-96 123/165 18 1111.884.07PS(E. Peoria)(39,928) (6'2") (13'4")4YF3.363.123.86.611.4(Sagami)(11'0") (10'3")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)6CF(Grenoble)*D6H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-11Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)ModelGauge LengthProductHorse- Approx. m (ft)m (ft)Ident.power Machine andandNo.YearsFW/ Weight Width Height Trans-PrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1stD6H (CB)4RC(E. Peoria)2KD(Sagami)4LG(Grenoble)D6H XL (DS) 9KJ(E. Peoria)8SK(Sagami)9LK(Grenoble)D6H XL (CB) 8ZJ(E. Peoria)9RK(Sagami)8KK(Grenoble)D6H XR (DS) 6CK(E. Peoria)2TL(Sagami)1YL(Grenoble)D6H XR (CB) 5KK(E. Peoria)7ZK(Sagami)2BL(Grenoble)D6H LGP (DS) 3YG(E. Peoria)4GG(Sagami)5HF(Grenoble)D6H LGP (CB) 6FC(E. Peoria)1KD(Sagami)2TG(Grenoble)D6H (JPN) 3ED*92-96 92-96 92-96 92-96 92-96 92-96 92-96 86-92D6H (JPN) 4YF*88-90123/165 17 997 (39,676)1.88 (6'2") 3.36 (11'0")130/175 19 080 (42,063)1.88 (6'2") 3.36 (11'0")130/175 18 966 (41,811)1.88 (6'2") 3.36 (11'0")130/175 18 799 (41,444)1.88 (6'2") 3.36 (11'0")130/175 18 799 (41,444)1.88 (6'2") 3.36 (11'0")134/180 20 486 (45,163)2.24 (7'3") 4.0 (13'1")134/180 20 486 (45,163)2.24 (7'3") 4.0 (13'1")165/-- 16 954 (37,377)165/-- 17 055 (37,599)1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'8")4.07 (13'4") 3.12 (10'3")4.07 (13'4") 3.12 (10'3")4.07 (13'4") 3.12 (10'3")4.22 (13'10")3.12 (10'3")4.22 (13'10")3.12 (10'3")4.49 (14'9") 3.17 (10'5")4.49 (14'9") 3.17 (10'5")4.069 (13'4") 3.114 (10'3") 4.069 (13'4") 3.114 (10'3")PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)PS3.8 (2.3)DD PS/DS12 500 (27,560)2.7 (1.7)3.8 (2.4)*D6H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)2nd3rd4th5th6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)6.611.4(4.1) (7.1)9520 (20,990)3.5 (2.2)7140 (15,740)4.6 (2.9)5440 (11,990)5.8 (3.6)4010 (8840)7.6 (4.7)6.511.3(4.0) (7.0)6th2820 (6220) 10.0 (6.2)23-12Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6H LGP1KD*86-90 165/-- 19 555 2.2254.493PS(JPN)(43,111) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3D6H LGP8FC*86-90165/-- 19 676(11'3") 2.225(10'5") 4.485(2.4) (4.0) (7.0) DD 12 500 9520 7140 5440 4010 282023(JPN)(43,380) (7'4") (14'9")(27,560) (20,990) (15,740) (11,990) (8840) (6220)3.433.1642.73.54.65.87.610.0(11'3") (10'5")(1.7) (2.2) (2.9) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)D6H LGP4GG*88-90 165/-- 19 527 2.2254.493 PS/DS(JPN)(43,049) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H (FR)4LG*87-90 165/-- 16 9501.884.069PS(37,367) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H (FR)1FJ*88-90 165/-- 16 9541.884.069DD 12 500 9520 7140 5440 4010 2820(37,377) (6'2") (13'4")(27,560) (20,990) (15,740) (11,990) (8840) (6220)2.643.1142.73.54.65.87.610.0(8'8") (10'3")(1.7) (2.2) (2.9) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)D6H (FR)6CF*88-90 165/-- 17 0551.884.069 PS/DS(37,599) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H LGP2TG*87-90 165/-- 19 555 2.2254.493PS(FR)(43,111) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H LGP5HF*88-90 165/-- 19 527 2.2254.493 PS/DS(FR)(43,049) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H (SCOT) 7PC86-87 165/-- 16 9501.884.069PS(37,367) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.1143.86.511.3(8'8") (10'3")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6H LGP8YC86-87 165/-- 19 555 2.2254.493PS(SCOT)(43,111) (7'4") (14'9")3.433.1643.86.511.3(11'3") (10'5")(2.4) (4.0) (7.0)D6K XLFBH05-1412512 8861.772.65Hystat(28,409) (5'10")(8'8")2.332.91(7'8")(9'7")D6K LGPDHA05-1312513 46722.65Hystat(29,690) (6'7")(8'8")2.762.91(9'1")(9'7")*D6H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-13Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R STD CB 2YN95-02 165/-- 18 1001.884.08PS(US)(40,000) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R STD CB 9ZS97-02 165/-- 18 1001.884.08PS(BRAZIL)(40,000) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R STD CB 2HM96-01 165/-- 18 1001.884.08PS(FRANCE)(40,000) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R STD CB 6FR96-02 165/-- 18 1001.884.08PS(JAPAN)(40,000) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R STD DS 3ZN95-02 165/-- 18 3001.884.08PS(US)(40,400) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R STD DS 1RW97-02 165/-- 18 3001.884.08PS(BRAZIL)(40,400) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R STD DS 4FM96-01 165/-- 18 3001.884.08PS(FRANCE)(40,400) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R STD DS 5PR97-02 165/-- 18 3001.884.08PS(JAPAN)(40,400) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XL CB 4MN96-02 175/-- 19 0001.884.08PS(US)(41,900) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XL CB 6MR97-02 175/-- 19 0001.884.08PS(BRAZIL)(41,900) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XL CB4JR96-01 175/-- 19 0001.884.08PS(FRANCE)(41,900) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XL CB 4WR97-02 175/-- 19 0001.884.08PS(JAPAN)(41,900) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.204.07.112.4(8'8") (10'6")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-14Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R XL DS 5LN95-02 175/-- 19 2001.884.08PS(US)(42,300) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XL DS 7GR96-02 175/-- 19 2001.884.08PS23(BRAZIL)(42,300) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XL DS 9BM96-01 175/-- 19 2001.884.08PS(FRANCE)(42,300) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XL DS 5RR97-02 175/-- 19 2001.884.08PS(JAPAN)(42,300) (6'2") (13'4")2.643.203.96.811.9(8'8") (10'6")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XR CB 6JN95-02 175/-- 18 7801.884.22PS(US)(41,400) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.194.07.112.4(8'8") (10'5")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XR CB 8XN97-01 175/-- 18 7801.884.22PS(FRANCE)(41,400) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.194.07.112.4(8'8") (10'5")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XR CB 6HR97-02 175/-- 18 7801.884.22PS(JAPAN)(41,400) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.194.07.112.4(8'8") (10'5")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R XR DS 7KN95-02 175/-- 18 9101.884.22PS(US)(41,700) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.193.96.811.9(8'8") (10'5")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XR DS 9MN97-01 175/-- 18 9101.884.22PS(FRANCE)(41,700) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.193.96.811.9(8'8") (10'5")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R XR DS 7DR97-02 175/-- 18 9101.884.22PS(JAPAN)(41,700) (6'2") (13'10")2.643.193.96.811.9(8'8") (10'5")(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)D6R LGP CB 8LN95-02 185/-- 20 5002.234.24PS(US)(45,200) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.194.07.112.4(11'3") (10'5")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D6R LGP CB 4HN97-01 185/-- 20 5002.234.24PS(FRANCE)(45,200) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.194.07.112.4(11'3") (10'5")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-15Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R LGP CB 7AR (JAPAN)D6R LGP DS 9PN (US)D6R LGP DS 8TM (FRANCE)D6R LGP DS 4TR (JAPAN)D6R LGP DD 6GR (JAPAN)D6M XL9ZM(FR)D6M XL3WN(FR)D6M LGP2RN(FR)D6M LGP4JN(FR)D6R SII STD AEM CB (FTC) (US)D6R SII STD BRJ CB (FTC) (BRAZIL)D6R SII STD BLE CB (FTC) (FRANCE)97-01 95-02 96-01 96-02 95-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 02-05 02-06 01-05185/-- 185/-- 185/-- 185/-- 185/-- 104/140 104/140 104/140 104/140 123/165 123/165 123/16520 500 (45,200)20 680 (45,600)20 680 (45,600)20 680 (45,600)20 680 (45,600)15 530 (34,240)15 530 (34,240)16 930 (37,320)16 930 (37,320)17 826 (39,300)17 826 (39,300)17 826 (39,300)2.23 (7'3") 3.43 (11'3") 2.23 (7'3") 3.43 (11'3") 2.23 (7'3") 3.43 (11'3") 2.23 (7'3") 3.43 (11'3") 2.23 (7'3") 3.43 (11'3") 1.89 (6'2") 2.49* (8'2")* 1.89 (6'2") 2.49* (8'2")* 2.16 (7'1") 3.02* (9'11")* 2.16 (7'1") 3.02* (9'11")* 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'8") 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'8")4.24 (13'11")3.19 (10'5") 4.24 (13'11") 3.19 (10'5") 4.24 (13'11") 3.19 (10'5") 4.24 (13'11") 3.19 (10'5") 4.24 (13'11") 3.19 (10'5") 3.74 (12'3") 3.08** (10'1")** 3.74 (12'3") 3.08** (10'1")** 4.146 (13'7") 3.194** (10'6")** 4.146 (13'7") 3.194** (10'6")** 3.86 (12'8")3.2 (10'6") 3.86 (12'8")3.2 (10'6") 3.86 (12'8")3.2 (10'6")PS4.07.112.4(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)PS3.96.811.9(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)PS3.96.811.9(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)PS3.96.811.9(2.4) (4.2) (7.6)PS3.45.910.4(2.1) (3.7) (6.5)PS 30 493 16 643 9211(67,222) (36,689) (20,306)3.46.010.3(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)PS 30 493 16 643 9211(67,222) (36,689) (20,306)3.46.010.3(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)PS 30 493 16 643 9211(67,222) (36,689) (20,306)3.46.010.3(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)PS 30 493 16 643 9211(67,222) (36,689) (20,306)3.46.010.3(2.1) (3.7) (6.4)PS3.86.611.5(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)PS3.86.611.5(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)PS3.86.611.5(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)**Width without blade and with standard shoes. **Height with ROPS cab. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-16Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R SII STD BMK01-06 123/165 17 8261.883.86PSCB (FTC)(39,300) (6'2")(12'8")(JAPAN)2.643.23.86.611.5(8'8")(10'6")(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)D6R SII STD AFM01-05 123/165 18 0991.883.86PS23DS(39,900) (6'2")(12'8")(US)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII STD BPM03-06 123/165 18 0991.883.86PSDS(39,900) (6'2")(12'8")(BRAZIL)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII STD BLT02-05 123/165 18 0991.883.86PSDS(39,900) (6'2")(12'8")(FRANCE)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII STD BNL01-06 123/165 18 0991.883.86PSDS(39,900) (6'2")(12'8")(JAPAN)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII XL AGM00-05 138/185 18 7111.883.86PSCB (FTC)(41,250) (6'2")(12'8")(US)2.643.23.86.611.5(8'8")(10'6")(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)D6R SII XL CAD02-06 138/185 18 7111.883.86PSCB (FTC)(41,250) (6'2")(12'8")(BRAZIL)2.643.23.86.611.5(8'8")(10'6")(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)D6R SII XL BMJ02-05 138/185 18 7111.883.86PSCB (FTC)(41,250) (6'2")(12'8")(FRANCE)2.643.23.86.611.5(8'8")(10'6")(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)D6R SII XLBPS01-06 138/185 18 7111.883.86PSCB (FTC)(41,250) (6'2")(12'8")(JAPAN)2.643.23.86.611.5(8'8")(10'6")(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)D6R SII XLAAX00-05 138/185 18 8471.883.86PSDS(41,550) (6'2")(12'8")(US)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII XLFDT02-06 138/185 18 8471.883.86PSDS(41,550) (6'2")(12'8")(BRAZIL)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SII XL BMY01-05 138/185 18 8471.883.86PSDS(41,550) (6'2")(12'8")(FRANCE)2.643.23.86.611.4(8'8")(10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-17Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R SII XLBRZDS(JAPAN)D6R SII XW AEP DS (US)D6R SII XW DAE DS(FRANCE)D6R SII XW BRE DS(JAPAN)D6R SII LGP ACJ CB (FTC) (US)D6R SII LGP BPP CB (FTC) (JAPAN)D6R SII LGP ADE DS (US)D6R SII LGP BNC DS(FRANCE)D6R SII LGP BPZ DS(JAPAN)D6R SIII(US)HCD(BRAZIL)GMT(FRANCE)TBCD6R SIIIJEK(JAPAN)D6R SIII XL(US)GJB(BRAZIL)JDL(FRANCE)LFMD6R SIII XL EXL(JAPAN)01-06 138/185 18 8471.883.86PS(41,550) (6'2") (12'8")2.643.2(8'8") (10'6")2001 138/185 19 5502.033.86PS(43,100) (6'8") (12'8")2.953.2(9'8") (10'6")02-05 138/185 19 5502.033.86PS(43,100) (6'8") (12'8")2.953.2(9'8") (10'6")01-06 138/185 19 5502.033.86PS(43,100) (6'8") (12'8")2.953.2(9'8") (10'6")01-05 138/185 20 8652.234.24PS(46,000) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.25(11'3") (10'8")01-06 138/185 20 8652.234.24PS(46,000) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.25(11'3") (10'8")00-05 138/185 21 0472.234.24PS(46,400) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.25(11'3") (10'8")01-05 138/185 21 0472.234.24PS(46,400) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.25(11'3") (10'8")01-06 138/185 21 0472.234.24PS(46,400) (7'3") (13'11")3.433.25(11'3") (10'8")138/185 18 3261.883.86PS05-07(40,400) (6'2") (12'8")06-073.2006-07(10'6")06-10 138/185 18 3261.882.67PS(40,400) (6'2")(8'9")149/200 20 0811.883.86PS05-07(44,270) (6'2") (12'8")05-072.133.2006-07(7'0") (10'6")06-12 149/200 20 0811.882.87PS(44,270) (6'2")(9'5")3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.5(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)3.86.611.5(2.4) (4.1) (7.2)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)3.86.611.4(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-18Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD6R SIII XL149/200 20 0811.883.86PSPAT (US)HKE05-07(44,270) (6'2") (12'8")(FRANCE)RFC06-072.133.203.86.611.4D6R SIII XW(7'0") (10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)149/200 20 6722.033.86PS23(US)MRT05-07(45,573) (6'8") (12'8")(BRAZIL)DPS06-072.293.203.86.611.4(7'6") (10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SIII XW149/200 20 6722.033.86PSPAT (US)HDC05-07(45,573) (6'8") (12'8")(FRANCE)MTJ05-072.293.203.86.611.4(7'6") (10'6")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SIII XW EXW07-09 149/200 20 6722.032.87PS3.86.611.4(JAPAN)(45,573) (6'8")(9'5")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SIII LGP149/200 21 7162.294.25PS(US)WRG05-07(47,874) (7'6") (13'11")(FRANCE)DMK06-072.293.253.86.611.4(7'6") (10'8")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SIII LGP LGP06-12 149/200 21 7162.293.28PS3.86.611.4(JAPAN)(47,874) (7'6") (10'9")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6R SIII LGP149/200 21 7162.294.25PSPAT (US)WCB05-07(47,874) (7'6") (13'11")(FRANCE)DLM05-072.293.253.86.611.4(7'6") (10'8")(2.3) (4.1) (7.1)D6T XL*GMK11-1420721 3061.883.86PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124(46,791) (6'2") (12'8")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)2.643.133.85.18.511.4(8'8") (10'2")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)D6T XLDTD11-1420723 6632.133.86PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124VPAT*(52,167) (7'0") (12'8")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)3.133.85.18.511.4(10'2")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)D6T XW*SLJ11-1420722 1912.033.86PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124(48,922) (6'8") (12'8")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)2.953.133.85.18.511.4(9'8") (10'2")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)D6T XWRCW11-1420724 1182.294.25PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124VPAT*(53,170) (7'6") (13'11")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)3.183.85.18.511.4(10'5")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)D6T LGP*ZJB11-1420724 0202.294.25PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124(52,954) (7'6") (13'11")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)3.483.183.85.18.511.4(11'5") (10'5")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)D6T LGPKSB11-1420722 0092.294.25PS/DS 36 936 22 343 12 124 12 124VPAT*(48,521) (7'6") (13'11")(81,430) (49,260) (26,730) (26,730)3.183.85.18.511.4(10'5")(2.3) (3.2) (5.3) (7.1)*Emits equivalent to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-19Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD73TD7C17AD7D17AD7E47AD7E48AD7E47AD7E48AD7E*TAND7E LGP*TJAD7F94ND7F93N54-55 55-59 59-61 61-68 61-66 66-69 66-69 10-14 10-14 69-74 69-74108/90 11 770 (25,925)128/102 11 954 (26,355)140/112 12 056 (26,555)160/128 14 787 (32,590)160/128 14 787 (32,590)180/144 15 200 (33,500)18015 500(34,000)23526 055(57,441)23528 525(62,886)18014 700(32,400)18014 700(32,400)1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'1") 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'1") 1.88 (6'2") 2.64 (8'1") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5") 1.98 (6'6") 2.88 (9'5") 2.28 (7'6") 3.42 (11'3") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5") 1.98 (6'6") 2.56 (8'5")4.27 (14'0") 2.06 (6'10") 4.26 (14'0") 2.06 (6'10") 4.26 (14'0") 2.06 (6'10") 4.47 (14'8") 2.30 (7'7") 4.47 (14'8") 2.30 (7'7") 4.47 (14'8") 2.18 (7'2") 4.47 (14'8") 2.18 (7'2")4.6 (15'1") 3.36 (11'0")4.6 (15'1") 3.36 (11'0") 4.15 (13'8") 2.26 (7'5") 4.15 (13'8") 2.26 (7'5")DDDD 11 759 8045 4521 3428 2397(25,900) (17,720) (11,960) (7550) (5280)2.43.55.27.49.5(1.5) (2.2) (3.2) (4.6) (5.9)DD 12 300 8600 5700 3650 2600(27,100) (18,900) (12,550) (8080) (5720)2.43.55.27.49.5(1.5) (2.2) (3.2) (4.6) (5.9)DD 14 741 10 296 6803 4259 3070(32,500) (22,700) (15,000) (9390) (6770)2.43.54.97.49.4(1.5) (2.2) (3.1) (4.6) (5.9)PS3.35.79.3(2.1) (3.6) (5.8)DD 17 140 11 350 7420 4540 3180(37,750) (25,000) (16,340) (9990) (7010)2.43.55.07.49.5(1.5) (2.2) (3.1) (4.6) (5.9)PS3.76.4 10.1(2.3) (4.0) (6.3)EEPS3.56.39.5(2.2) (3.9) (5.9)DD 17 100 11 350 7450 4580 3240(37,600) (25,000) (16,400) (10,000) (7140)2.43.55.07.49.5(1.5) (2.2) (3.4) (4.6) (5.9)*Emits equivalent to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim). NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-20Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD7G92V77-86200 20 0901.984.19PS(44,300) (6'6") (13'9")2.623.353.76.410.0(8'7") (11'0")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7G91V77-86200 20 0901.984.19DD 17 690 11 730 7680 4700 332023(44,300) (6'6") (13'9")(39,010) (25,860) (16,940) (10,370) (7320)2.623.352.53.75.37.810.1(8'7") (11'0")(1.6) (2.3) (3.3) (4.9) (6.3)D7G65V75-07 149/200 20 5801.982.72PS3.76.4 10.0(JAPAN)(45,381) (6'6") (8'11")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7G7MB83-07 149/200 20 5801.982.72PS3.76.4 10.0(INDONESIA)(45,381) (6'6") (8'11")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7G LGP72W77-8620022 6302.184.22PS(52,100) (7'2") (13'9")3.33.283.76.4 10.0(10'11") (10'9")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7G SII7MB08-12 149/200 20 5801.982.72PS3.76.4 10.0(INDONESIA)(45,381) (6'6") (8'11")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7G SIIC7G06-11 149/200 20 5801.982.72PS3.76.4 10.0(CHINA)(45,381) (6'6") (8'11")(2.3) (4.0) (6.2)D7H (CB)79Z92-96 171/230 24 7781.984.74PS(E. Peoria)(54,635) (6'6") (15'6")4AB3.93.53.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(12'10") (11'6")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H (DS)5BF92-96 171/230 25 0771.984.74PS(E. Peoria)(55,295) (6'6") (15'6")2RG3.93.53.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(12'10") (11'6")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H LGP80Z92-96 171/230 27 0652.244.74PS(CB)(E. Peoria)(59,678) (7'4") (15'6")5WB4.503.583.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(14'9") (11'9")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H LGP4FG92-96 171/230 27 0652.244.74PS(DS)(E. Peoria)(59,678) (7'4") (15'6")3XG4.503.583.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(14'9") (11'9")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H XR (CB) 79Z92-96 171/230 25 1931.984.74PS(E. Peoria)(55,551) (6'6") (15'6")4AB3.93.53.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(12'10") (11'6")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H XR (DS) 5BF92-96 171/230 25 4921.984.74PS(E. Peoria)(56,211) (6'6") (15'6")2RG3.93.53.56.2 10.6(Sagami)(12'10") (11'6")(2.2) (3.8) (6.6)D7H77Z85-8621519 6801.984.73DD 16 834 12 861 9703 7436 5522 3940(43,380) (6'6") (15'6")(37,113) (28,353) (21,390) (16,394) (12,173) (8686)2.542.73.54.55.87.610.0(8'5")(1.7) (2.2) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7) (6.2)D7H (US)79Z*85-90 215/-- 23 647 1.9814.619PS(52,134) (6'6") (15'2")2.8693.4213.96.811.9(9'5") (11'3")(2.4) (4.2) (7.4)*D7H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-21Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)ModelGauge LengthProductHorse- Approx. m (ft)m (ft)Ident.power Machine andandNo.YearsFW/ Weight Width Height Trans-PrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1stD7H (US)77ZD7H (US)5BF*D7H (JPN) 4AB*D7H (JPN) 2SB*D7H (JPN) 2RG*D7R LGP (JPN)D7H LGP (JPN)6ER 5WB*D7H LGP82Z*(JPN)D7H LGP (JPN)3XG*D7R STD2HR(US)D7R STD3ZRD7R SII STD BRM(JAPAN)D7R SII STD AEC(US)D7R XR2EN(US)D7R XR5MRD7R SII XRBPT(JAPAN)D7R SII XR AGN(US)D7H LGP80Z*(US)85-9088-9086-9086-9188-9096-02 86-9086-9188-9095-01 96-02 02-12 00-10 95-01 97-02 03-12 00-10 85-90215/--215/--215/--215/--215/--179 (240) 215/--215/--230/--171 (230) 171 (230) 179/240 179/240 171 (230) 171 (230) 179/240 179/240 215/--23 570 (51,960)24 351 (53,683)23 647 (52,134)23 570 (51,960)24 351 (53,683)30 605 (67,472) 25 237 (55,638)25 445 (56,096)25 894 (57,086)27 413 (60,436) 27 413 (60,436) 25 455 (56,129) 25 455 (56,129) 27 776 (61,236) 27 776 (61,236) 27 002 (59,540) 27 002 (59,540) 25 237 (55,638)1.981 (6'6") 2.869 (9'5") 1.981 (6'6") 2.871 (9'5") 1.981 (6'6") 2.869 (9'5") 1.981 (6'6") 2.869 (9'5") 1.981 (6'6") 2.871 (9'5") 2.24 (7'4") 2.235 (7'4") 3.371 (11'1") 2.235 (7'4") 3.371 (11'1") 2.235 (7'4") 3.377 (11'1") 2.0 (6'6") 2.0 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6")** 1.98 (6'6")** 2.0 (6'6") 2.0 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6")** 1.98 (6'6")** 2.235 (7'4") 3.371 (11'1")4.619 (15'2") 3.421 (11'3") 4.624 (15'2") 3.429 (11'3") 4.619 (15'2") 3.421 (11'3") 4.619 (15'2") 3.421 (11'3") 4.624 (15'2") 3.429 (11'3")5.8 (19'0") 4.619 (15'2") 3.503 (11'6") 4.619 (15'2") 3.503 (11'6") 4.624 (15'2") 3.505 (11'6") 6.04 (19'9") 6.04 (19'9") 2.87 (9'5") 2.87 (9'5") 6.04 (19'9") 6.04 (19'9") 3.05 (10'0") 3.05 (10'0") 4.619 (15'2") 3.503 (11'6")DD PS/DS16 834 (37,113)2.7 (1.7)3.7 (2.3) PSDD PS/DS3.9 (2.4) 16 834 (37,113) 2.7 (1.7)3.7(2.3)PS/DS3.5(2.3)PSDD PS/DS3.9 (2.4) 16 834 (37,113) 2.7 (1.7)PS/FTC PS/FTCPS PS PS/DS PS/DS PS PS PS3.7 (2.3) 3.5 (2.3) 3.5 (2.3) 3.52 (2.19) 3.52 (2.19) 3.5 (2.3) 3.5 (2.3) 3.52 (2.19) 3.52 (2.19)3.9 (2.4)**D7H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. **D7R SII STD, XR and LGP machine width is for without trunnion.D7R SII STD, XR and LGP machine height is over EROPS, length is for basic machine. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)2nd3rd4th5th12 861 9703 7436 5522(28,353) (21,390) (16,394) (12,173)3.54.65.87.6(2.2) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)6.411.1(4.0) (6.9)6.811.9(4.2) (7.4)12 861 9703 7436 5522(28,353) (21,390) (16,394) (12,173)3.54.65.87.6(2.2) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)6.411.1(4.0) (6.9)6.410.8(4.0) (6.8)6.811.9(4.2) (7.4)12 861 9703 7436 5522(28,353) (21,390) (16,394) (12,173)3.54.65.87.6(2.2) (2.8) (3.6) (4.7)6.4 (4.0) 6.4 (4.0) 6.4 (4.0) 6.10 (3.79) 6.10 (3.79) 6.4 (4.0) 6.4 (4.0) 6.10 (3.79) 6.10 (3.79)11.1 (6.9) 10.8 (6.8) 10.8 (6.8) 10.54 (6.55) 10.54 (6.55) 10.8 (6.8) 10.8 (6.8) 10.54 (6.55) 10.54 (6.55)6.811.9(4.2) (7.4)6th 3940 (8686) 10.0 (6.2)3940 (8686) 10.0 (6.2)3940 (8686) 10.0 (6.2)23-22Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)Model Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) m (ft) mission 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6thRemarksD7R LGP 4SR96-02 179 29 500 2.245.8 PS/FTC 3.5 6.4 10.8(240) (65,036) (7'4") (19'0")(2.3) (4.0) (6.8)D7H LGP 4FG* 87-90 230/-- 25 894 2.235 4.624 PS/DS(US)(57,086) (7'4") (15'2")3.377 3.5053.7 6.4 11.123(11'1") (11'6")(2.3) (4.0) (6.9)D7R LGP 3DN95-01 179 30 605 2.245.8 PS/DS 3.5 6.4 10.8(US)(240) (67,472) (7'4") (19'0")(2.3) (4.0) (6.8)D7R LGP 9HM 95-01 179 29 500 2.245.8 PS/FTC 3.5 6.4 10.8(US)(240) (65,036) (7'4") (19'0")(2.3) (4.0) (6.8)D7EMDB 10-11 175 25 700 1.984.88 ED**(235) (56,669) (6'6") (16'0")2.883.32FORWARD 11.3 (7.0)(9'5") (10'11")REVERSE 11.3 (7.0)D7R SIIBNX01-12 179/240 27 626 2.243.16PS 3.52 6.10 10.54LGP(60,916) (7'4") (10'5")(2.19) (3.79) (6.55)D7R SIIABJ00-10 179/240 27 626 2.243.16PS 3.52 6.10 10.54LGP(60,916) (7'4") (10'5")(2.19) (3.79) (6.55)D7E LGP SCG10-11 175 28 170 2.294.88 ED**(235) (62,115) (7'6") (16'0")3.423.32FORWARD 11.3 (7.0)(11'3") (10'11")REVERSE 11.3 (7.0)D81H35-41 110/95 14 790 1.984.64·9680 6870 5720 4800 3860 2740(32,600) (6'6") (15'3")(21,350) (15,150) (12,610) (10,590) (8520) (6050)2.642.282.7 3.8 4.5 5.1 6.3 8.5 RD-8 with 192 cm(8'8") (7'6")(1.7) (2.4) (2.8) (3.2) (3.9) (5.3) (78") gaugeD88R41-45 131/113 15 490 1.984.64·· 13 060 9750 7940 6800 5620 3990(34,160) (6'6") (15'3")(28,800) (21,500) (17,500) (15,000) (12,400) (8800)2.641.852.5 3.5 4.2 4.8 5.8 7.9 Horsepower(8'8") (6'1")(1.6) (2.2) (2.6) (3.0) (3.6) (4.9) IncreaseD82U45-53 148/130 16 470 1.984.85DD 13 560 9840 7120 5400 3900(36,310) (6'6") (15'10")(29,900) (21,700) (15,700) (11,900) (8600)2.642.182.5 3.7 4.6 5.9 7.7HP increase,(8'8") (7'2")(1.6) (2.3) (2.9) (3.7) (4.8)DD transmissionD813A53-55 185/150 16 866 1.984.88DD 20 358 12 939 8926 6955 4935(37,150) (6'6") (16'1")(44,840) (28,500) (19,660) (15,320) (10,870)2.642.183.1 4.3 5.6 7.2 9.3(8'8") (7'2")(1.9) (2.7) (3.5) (4.5) (5.8)D8D, G15A55-57 191/155 16 310 1.985.23TC(35,925) (6'6") (17'2")2.582.235.8 8.5 11.9(8'6") (7'8")(3.6) (5.3) (7.4)D8E, F14A55-57 191/155 17 734 1.984.88DD 20 439 16 135 10 964 7373 4953Belt (39,060) (6'6") (16'1")(45,020) (35,540) (24,150) (16,240) (10,910)2.642.262.4 3.1 4.5 6.1 8.3(8'8") (7'6")(1.5) (1.9) (2.8) (3.8) (5.2)D8H35A59-61 235 20 924 2.135.20TC(46,032) (7'0") (17'1")2.872.395.6 8.2 12.2(9'1") (7'10")(3.5) (5.1) (7.6)**D7H models prior to Series II. Product identification number prefix still in use for current product. **Electric drive machines do not have transmission gears. D7R SII STD, XR and LGP machine width is for without trunnion. D7R SII STD, XR and LGP machine height is over EROPS, length is for basic machine. · · Power transmitted through dry tape flywheel clutch to selective type hinge speed gear set. · · Power transmitted through flexible and over center engagement, dry flywheel clutch with metallic friction surfaces. Selective type change speed gear set. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-23Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)Model Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) m (ft) mission 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6thRemarksD8H36AD8H46AD8K76VD8K77VD8L53Y7JC7YBD8L SA4FBD8N9TC5TJD8R Series II 6YZ (US)D8R Series II AKA (BRAZIL)D8T** MLN-FTCD8T LGP** MLN-FTC58-6658-7474-8274-8282-86 84-90 85-92 84-8787-92 92-95 00-04200011-1411-14235/185 21 400 (47,180)270 21 863 (48,210)300 31 980 (69,300)*300 31 430 (70,500)335 37 305 (82,243)400/325 36 650 (80,820)285 37 462 285 (82,590)310 37 830 (83,400)231/310 37 830 (83,400)271 39 420 (86,900)271 37 420 (82,496)2.13 (7'0") 2.87 (9'1") 2.13 (7'0") 2.87 (9'1") 2.13 (7'0") 3.05 (10'0") 2.13 (7'0") 3.05 (10'0") 2.2 (7'3") 2.84 (9'4") 2.54 (8'4") 3.11 (10'3") 2.08 (6'10") 3.05 (10'0") 2.08 (6'10") 3.05 (10'0") 2.08 (6'10") 3.05 (10'0") 2.08 (6'10") 3.06 (10'1") 2.33 (7'8") 3.37 (11'1")5.20 (17'1") 2.39 (7'10") 5.20 (17'1") 2.39 (7'10") 5.26 (17'3") 2.44 (8'0") 5.26 (17'3") 2.44 (8'0") 4.95 (16'2") 3.79 (12'5")4.95 (16'3") 3.43 (11'3") 6.91 (22'8") 3.51 (11'6") 6.91 (22'8") 3.51 (11'6") 4.55 (14'7")3.5 (11'6") 4.55 (14'7")3.5 (11'6")DD 19 958 15 648 10 931 8051 5869 3832 (44,400) (34,500) (24,100) (17,750) (13,000) (8450) 2.4 3.0 4.3 5.6 7.4 10.1 (1.5) (1.9) (2.7) (3.5) (4.6) (6.3)PS3.8 6.7 10.4(2.4) (4.2) (6.5)DD 25 400 18 930 12 990 9370 6610 4090(56,000) (41,740) (28,640) (20,650) (14,580) (9010) Turbocharged, 2.7 3.5 4.8 6.3 8.2 11.3 Sealed and(1.7) (2.2) (3.0) (3.9) (5.1) (7.0) LubricatedTrackPS4.0 7.1 10.9Turbocharged, Sealed and(2.5) (4.4) (6.8)Lubricated TrackPS3.9 6.8 11.9 (2.4) (4.2) (7.4) DD 31 679 23 115 17 196 12 388 9154 6428 (69,840) (50,960) (37,910) (27,310) (20,180) (14,170) 2.9 3.9 5.0 6.8 8.9 11.9 (1.8) (2.4) (3.1) (4.2) (5.5) (7.4) PS3.5 6.2 10.8 (2.2) (3.9) (6.7) PS3.4 6.0 10.6 (2.1) (3.7) (6.6) PSPS/DS PS/DS3.4 6.0 10.6 (2.1) (3.7) (6.6) 67 414 37 025 20 139 (148,621) (81,628) (44,399) 3.4 6.1 10.6 2.1 3.8 6.6 67 414 37 025 20 139 (148,621) (81,628) (44,399) 3.4 6.1 10.6 2.1 3.8 6.6*Approximate operating weight. Includes lubricants, coolant, full fuel tank, hydraulic control, 8S Bulldozer, ROPS canopy and operator. All other weights listed in this column are shipping weights.**Emits equivalent to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim). Power transmitted through dry tape flywheel clutch to selective type hinge speed gear set.NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-24Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorse- Approx. power Machine FW/ WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)ModelPrefixBuilt Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft)m (ft) mission 1st2nd3rd4th5th6thD9D18A55-56 286/230 25 7722.295.46DD27 631 21 207 15 423 10 706 7658 4958(56,765) (7'6") (17'11")(60,860) (46,710) (33,970) (23,580) (16,670) (10,920)3.032.672.63.44.76.38.110.9D9D18A(10'0")(8'9")56-59 320/260 26 1252.295.46(1.6) (2.1) (2.9) (3.9) (5.0) (6.8)DD28 603 23 835 16 617 12 167 9171 610623(57,543) (7'6") (17'11")(63,000) (52,500) (36,600) (26,800) (20,200) (13,450)3.032.67(10'0")(8'9")D9D19A55-56 286/230 25 7292.295.46TC(56,670) (7'6") (17'11")3.032.676.69.012.6(10'0")(8'9")(4.1) (5.6) (7.8)D9D19A56-59 320/260 26 2382.295.46TC(57,990) (7'6") (17'11")3.032.686.69.513.0(10'0")(8'9")(4.1) (5.9) (8.1)D9E50A59-6033527 0162.295.50TC(59,506) (7'6")(18'1")3.032.706.89.713.2(10'0") (8'11")(4.2) (6.0) (8.2)D9D34A59-6133527 1672.295.50PS(59,837) (7'6")(18'1")3.032.704.27.211.2(10'0") (8'11")(2.6) (4.5) (7.0)D9E49A59-60 335/268 26 9572.295.50DD(59,375) (7'6")(18'1")3.032.702.73.54.86.48.211.4(10'0") (8'11")(1.7) (2.2) (3.0) (4.0) (5.1) (7.1)D9G66A61-7438531 0722.295.50PS(68,500) (7'6")(18'1")3.102.103.96.810.5(10'0")(8'7")(2.4) (4.2) (6.5)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-25Former Models Track-TypeTractorsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)Model Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) m (ft) mission 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6thRemarksS S D9G 29N30NDual D9G 90J91JS S D9H 99V12UDual D9H 97V98VD9H90VD9L14YD9N1JD6XJD9R (CB) ACL (US)D9R (DS) ABK (US)D9TRJS69-74 69-74 74-77 74-80 74-81 80-87 86-94 93-95 00-04 00-04 04-11770 86 200· 5.8*8.0PS(190,000) (19'0") (25'0")7.3** 2.8(24'0") (9'2")770 79 470· 2.3* 12.9PS(175,200) (7'6") (42'6")3.3** 3.1(10'9") (9'11")820 83 400· 5.8*9.0PS(183,900) (19'0") (26'1")7.3** 2.9(24'0") (9'6")820 81 100· 2.3* 12.9PS(178,800) (7'6") (42'6")3.3** 3.1(10'9") (9'11")410 32 840 2.3*5.6PS(72,400) (7'6") (18'5")3.02.7(9'11") (8'10")460 52 055 2.55.32(114,656) (8'2") (17'5")3.114.41(10'2") (14'6")370 42 816 2.555.17PS(96,196) (7'5") (16'11.5")2.433.91(9'7") (12'10")410 49 147 2.256.84PS(108,350) (7'5") (22'5")3.303.99(10'10") (13'1")410 49 510 2.256.84PS(109,150) (7'5") (22'5")3.303.99(10'10") (13'1")410 47 900 2.256.85PS(105,600) (7'5") (22'6")3.313.99(10'11") (13'1")3.9 6.8 10.0 (2.4) (4.2) (6.2)3.9 6.8 10.5 (2.4) (4.2) (6.5)4.0 6.9 10.8 (2.5) (4.3) (6.7)4.0 6.9 10.8 (2.5) (4.3) (6.7)4.0 6.9 10.8 (2.5) (4.3) (6.7)3.9 7.2 12.4 (2.4) (4.5) (7.7)3.9 6.9 12.1 (2.4) (4.3) (7.5)3.8 6.8 11.9 (2.4) (4.2) (7.4)3.8 6.8 11.9 (2.4) (4.2) (7.4)3.9 6.8 11.7 (2.4) (4.2) (7.3)L.H. of S S D9G R.H. of S S D9G Front of Dual D9G Rear of Dual D9G L.H. of S S D9H R.H. of S S D9H Front of Dual D9H Rear of Dual D9H Standard Model*Gauge of both tractors combined. Length including dozer blade.**Width to outside of dozer blade. Overall height excluding stack and canopy.·Approximate weight of both machines plus Bulldozer, hydraulic controls, coolant and 5% fuel. (D10, D11N, D11R includes SS ripper)NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull.NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-26Track-TypeTractors Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors (cont'd)Product Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightGauge m (ft) and WidthLength m (ft) and HeightTrans-Rated Drawbar Pull -- kg (lb) andForward Speed -- km/h (mph)Model Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) m (ft) mission 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6thRemarksD1084W78-86 700 88 245 2.95.92PS(194,140) (9'6") (19'8")76X3.65 4.633.9 6.8 11.6(12'0") (15'2")(2.4) (4.2) (7.2)D10N2YD87-93 520 66 400 2.555.89PS(147,405) (8'4") (18'4")3SK93-963.304.454.0 7.1 12.5(10'10") (14'7")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D10R3KR95-02 570 65 764 2.557.50TD(144,986) (8'4") (24'7") 3-Spd PS3.723.274.0 7.1 12.5(12'2") (10'9")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D10RAKT01-04 580 65 400 2.559.16PS(144,200) (8'4") (30'0")3.744.274.0 7.1 12.5(12'3") (14'0")(2.5) (4.4) (7.7)D10TRJG05-14 580 70 171 2.557.42TD(154,700) (8'4") (24'4") 3-Spd PS3.743.224.0 7.2 12.7(12'3") (10'7")(2.5) (4.5) (7.9)D11N74Z86-93 770 95 900 2.906.16PS(211,000) (9'6") (20'3")4HK93-9697 450 3.654.653.9 6.8 11.6(214,850) (12'0") (15'3")(2.4) (4.4) (7.2)D11R8ZR96-97 770 98 413 2.896.16PS(216,963) (9'6") (20'3")3.604.653.9 6.8 11.6(11'10") (15'3")(2.4) (4.4) (7.2)D11R9TR97-99 850 104 590 2.896.16PS(230,100) (9'6") (20'3")3.604.653.9 6.8 11.8(11'10") (15'3")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)D11R7PZ00-07 850 104 600 2.895.21PS(230,100) (9'6") (17'1")3.604.573.9 6.8 11.8(11'10") (15'0")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)D11R CD 9XR96-99 850 111 590 2.896.16PS(246,000) (9'6") (20'3")3.604.653.9 6.8 11.8(11'10") (15'3")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)D11R CD AAF96-07 850 113 000 2.895.21PS(248,600) (9'6") (17'1")3.814.573.9 6.8 11.8(12'6") (15'0")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)D11TGEB07-11 850 104 590 2.898.64TD(230,581) (9'6") (28'4") 3-Spd PS4.383.643.9 6.8 11.8(14'4") (11'11")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)D11T CD TPB07-11 850 113 000 2.898.77TD(249,122) (9'6") (28'9") 3-Spd PS4.383.643.9 6.8 11.8(14'4") (11'11")(2.4) (4.2) (7.3)Width 2.2 m (7'0")2.9 m (9'6") gauge1.9 2.7 m(6'4" 8'10") gauge Width 3.45 m (11'4")233412 DITA HEUITMC27 ACERTTM DITA MEUITMC32 ACERT DITA MEUIC32 ACERT DITA MEUI Overall height excluding stack and canopy. NOTE: Power Shift models show speeds only, not drawbar pull. NOTE: Track-Type Tractor weights do not include blades until 1967.23-27Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A.TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS MANUFACTURED OUTSIDE U.S.A.Source U.K. BrazilAustraliaChina IndonesiaFranceModel D4C D4D D6C D6C D6C D6C D8H D8H D8H D8K D4D D4D D6C D6C D6D D6D D6D D6E D6D D6G D6G SR D6M XL D6M XL D8L D8L D8N D8R D8R Series II D8R Series II D4 D4 D4C D4C D4D D5 D5 D6 D6 D6B D6B D6C D6C D6C D6C D6G Series 2 D6G Series 2 LGP D7G Series 2 D7G Series 2 D6G Series 2 D7G D7G Series 2 D4C D4D D4D LGP D4DProduct Ident. No. Prefix 24A 88A 82A 83A46J 47J 52A 22A 68A 66V 97F 74U 24U 23U 74W 75W 9FK 2MJ 19B 2MJ 3SR 5WR 6LR 7JC 7YB 7TK 9EM AKA AKA 29A 30A 54A 55A 85A 51H 52H 31A 32A 56A 57A 71A 73A 55J 56J C6G C6X C7G C7G P6G 7MB 7MB 69A 86A 18J 58JYears Built 60-64 64-67 64-68 64-68 71-77 71-77 59-61 59-66 60-66 74-82 69-78 71-78 71-77 73-77 77-92 77-92 92-96 92-96 85-91 89-03 97-01 96-02 96-02 84-90 85-92 93-95 9500-04 00-04 59-61 59-60 60-62 60-62 63-68 68-68 68-69 58-60 58-60 60-66 60-68 63-68 63-68 69-72 69-72 06-11 08-11 06-11 04-11 06-11 83-11 83-12 61-63 63-68 66-68 67-68Horsepower Flywheel/ Drawbar 63/50 65/52 120/93 120/-- 140/-- 140/-- 235/-- 235/185 235/-- 300/-- 75/-- 75/-- 120/93 120/93 140/-- 140/-- 140/-- 155/-- 140/-- 160/-- 160/-- 104/140 104/140 335/-- 335/-- 285/-- 305/-- 310 310 63/50 63/50 63/52 65/52 65/52 93/75 93/-- 93/75 93/75 90/73 90/73 120/93 120/-- 125/-- 125/-- 160 160/-- 200 149/200 160/-- 202/-- 149/200 63/50 65/52 65/52 65/--Transmission DD DD DD PS DD PS PS DD PS PS DD PS PS DD DD PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PSPS PS DD DD DD DD DD DD PS DD DD DD DD DD PS DD PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS DD DD DD PSGauge m (ft) 1.52 (5'0") 1.52 (5'0") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 2.13 (7'0") 2.13 (7'0") 2.13 (7'0") 2.13 (7'0") 1.52 (5'0") 1.52 (5'0") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2")1.89 (6'2") 1.89 (6'2") 2.2 (7'3") 2.2 (7'3") 2.08 (6'10")2.08 (6'10") 3.05 (10'0") 1.12 (3'8") 1.52 (5'0") 1.12 (3'8") 1.52 (5'0") 1.52 (5'0") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.52 (5'0") 1.18 (6'2") 1.52 (5'0") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 2.11 (6'11") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.88 (6'2") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.52 (5'0") 1.52 (5'0") 1.79 (5'10") 1.52 (5'0")23-28Track-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A.Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A. (cont'd)Source France (cont'd)Scotland GlasgowJapanModel D4E D4E D4E LGP D4E LGP D5 D5 D5 LGP D5 LGP D5B D5B D5B LGP D5B LGP D5B D5H D5H LGP D5H XL D5H D5H LGP D5M XL D5M XL D5M LGP D5M LGP D6M XL D6M XL D6M LGP D6M LGP D6D D6D D6D D6H D6H LGP D3 D3 D3 LGP D3 LGP D3B D3B LGP D3B D3B LGP D3B D3B LGP D3C D3C Series II D3C LGP D3C LGP Series II D3G XL D3G XL* D3G LGP D3G LGP* D4D LGP D4D D4E D4E D4E LGP D4C D4C Series IIProduct Ident. No. Prefix 68X 69X 71X 72X62J 63J 6R 12R 43X 44X 45X 46X 8MB 8RC 1DD 8RJ 7NC 9HC 4BR 6GN 3DR 3CR 9ZM 3WN 2RN 4JN 19X 20X 0IY 7PC 8YC 79U 82U 6N 83U 23Y 24Y 27Y 28Y 3YC 5MC 5KG 7JG/4HJ 1PJ 8GD/5CJ CFC JMH CFF BYR 67A 91A 50X 51X 52X 1RJ 7KGYears Built 78-86 78-85 78-85 78-86 69-77 69-77 70-77 70-77 77-85 77-86 77-86 77-86 84-86 85-96 86-96 86-96 85-96 85-96 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 96-02 78-86 78-86 79-87 86-87 86-87 73-79 73-78 73-79 73-79 79-87 79-87 79-87 79-87 85-87 85-87 87-90 90-93 87-90 90-93 01-03 03-07 01-03 03-07 65-68 65-68 77-86 77-86 77-86 87-90 90-93*Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2).Horsepower Flywheel/ Drawbar 80/-- 80/-- 80/-- 80/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 120/-- 130/-- 130/-- 120/-- 130/-- 82/110 82/110 82/110 82/110 104/140 104/140 104/140 104/140 140/-- 140/-- 125/-- 165/-- 165/-- 62/-- 62/-- 62/-- 62/-- 65/-- 65/-- 65/-- 65/-- 65/-- 65/-- 67/-- 70/-- 67/-- 70/-- 70 70 70 70 65/52 65/52 80/-- 80/-- 80/-- 78/-- 80/--Transmission DD PS DD PS DD PS PS DD DD PS DD PS PS PS PS PS DD DD PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS DD PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS PS DD DD PS PS PS PS HYS HYS HYS HYS DD DD DD PS DD PS PSGaugem (ft)1.52 (5'0")1.52 (5'0")1.77 (5'10")1.77 (5'10")1.88 (6'2")1.88 (6'2")2.06 (6'9")232.06 (6'9")1.88 (6'2")1.88 (6'2")2.06 (6'9")2.06 (6'9")1.52 (5'0")1.80 (5'11")2.16 (7'1")1.89 (6'2")1.80 (5'11")2.16 (7'1")1.77 (5'10")1.77 (5'10")2.00 (6'7")2.00 (6'7")1.89 (6'2")1.89 (6'2")2.16 (7'1")2.16 (7'1")1.88 (6'2")1.88 (6'2")1.88 (6'2")1.88 (6'2")2.23 (7'4")1.42 (4'8")1.42 (4'8")1.65 (5'5")1.65 (5'5")1.42 (4'8")1.65 (5'5")1.42 (4'8")1.65 (5'5")1.42 (4'8")1.65 (5'5")1.42 (4'7")1.42 (4'7")1.65 (5'4")1.65 (5'4")1.45 (4'9")1.45 (4'9")1.68 (5'6")1.68 (5'6")1.79 (5'10")1.52 (5'0")1.52 (5'0")1.52 (5'0")1.77 (5'10")1.42 (4'7")1.42 (4'7")23-29Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A.Track-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A. (cont'd)Source Japan (cont'd)Model D4C LGP D4C LGP Series II D4G XL D4GXL* D4G LGP D4G LGP* D4H D4H LGP D4H D4H LGP D4H XL D4H LGP D4H LGP D5 D5 LGP D5 D5 D5 LGP D5B D5B D5B LGP D5C D5C LGP D5G XL D5GXL* D5G LGP D5G LGP* D5H D5H LGP D5H D5H LGP D5M XL D5M XL D5M LGP D5M LGP D5M LGP D6B D6B LGP D6C D6C D6C D6C D6C LGP D6D LGP LS D6D D6D D6D PTNR D6G D6M XL D6M XL D6M LGP D6M LGPProduct Ident. No. Prefix 2CJ 98G CFN HYD FDC TLX 8PB 9DB 2AC 3AC 8PJ 9GJ 4NK37J 98A 67J 97J 68J 47X 48X 49X 6PJ 3MK FDH WGB FDW RKG 3MD 4KD 1YD 2SD 4JS 5ES 5FS 6AS 7LR 37H 38H 41A 96A 26K 69C 90B 6HC 31X 30X 5YB BWJ 2YS 4HS 4GS 5NRYears Built 87-90 90-93 01-03 03-07 01-03 03-07 85-96 85-96 85-92 85-90 92-96 92-96 92-93 67-68 67-68 68-77 71-76 68-77 77-86 77-86 77-86 91-93 91-93 01-03 03-07 01-03 03-07 86-96 86-96 86-96 86-96 9696-02 9696-02 97-02 66-67 66-67 66-68 66-68 68-77 68-77 71-77 86-96 86-98 85-96 88-96 02-07 9696-02 9696-02*Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2).Horsepower Flywheel/ Drawbar 78/-- 80/-- 80 80 80 80 90/95 105/-- 90/95 90/95 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 93/75 93/75 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 105/-- 90/-- 90/-- 90 90 90 90 120/-- 130/-- 120/-- 130/-- 82/110 82/110 82/110 82/110 78/105 93/75 93/75 120/93 120/93 125/-- 125/-- 140/-- 160/-- 140/-- 140/-- 160/-- 160/-- 104/140 104/140 104/140 104/140Transmission PS PS HYS HYS HYS HYS PS PS DD DD PS PS DD DD DD DD PS DD DD PS DD PS PS HYS HYS HYS HYS PS PS DD DD PS PS PS PSDDPS DD DD DD PS DD PS DD DD PS DD PS PS PS PS PS PSGauge m (ft) 1.65 (5'4") 1.65 (5'4") 1.50 (4'11") 1.50 (4'11") 1.68 (5'6") 1.68 (5'6") 1.67 (5'5") 2.0 (6'7") 1.67 (5'5") 2.0 (6'7") 1.77 (5'10") 2.0 (6'7") 2.0 (6'7") 1.88 (6'2") 2.06 (6'9") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 2.06 (6'9") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 2.06 (6'9") 1.54 (5'1") 1.72 (5'8") 1.55 (5'1") 1.55 (5'1") 1.73 (5'8") 1.73 (5'8") 1.80 (5'11") 2.16 (7'1") 1.80 (5'11") 2.16 (7'1") 1.77 (5'10") 1.77 (5'10") 2.00 (6'7") 2.00 (6'7") 2.00 (6'7") 1.88 (6'2") 2.06 (6'9") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 2.11 (6'11") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.88 (6'2") 1.89 (6'2") 1.89 (6'2") 2.16 (7'1") 2.16 (7'1")23-30Track-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A.Former ModelsTrack-Type Tractors Manufactured Outside U.S.A. (cont'd)ProductHorsepowerIdent.Flywheel/GaugeSourceModelNo. PrefixYears BuiltDrawbarTransmissionm (ft)JapanD6RS6X10-175PS1.88 (74")(cont'd)D6R XLS6T10-195PS1.88 (74")D6R LGPS6Y10-195PS2.286 (90")D6R SIIIJEK06-10138/185PS1.88 (6'2")D6R SIII XLEXL06-12149/200PS1.88 (6'2")D6R SIII XWEXW07-09149/200PSD6R SIII LGPLGP06-12149/200PS2.03 (6'8")2.29 (7'6")23D7G35N80-91202/--PS1.98 (6'6")D7G LGP44W76-87202/--PS1.98 (6'6")D7G LGP45W75-86202/--DD1.98 (6'6")D7G64V75-88202/--DD1.98 (6'6")D7G65V75-07202/--PS1.98 (6'6")D7G65V75-07149/200PS1.98 (6'6")D7H25B85-92215/--DD1.98 (6'6")2.54 (8'5")D7H LGP82Z85-92215/--DD2.23 (7'4")3.15 (10'4")D7RDSH12-240PS1.98 (78")D7R XRDJR12-240PS1.98 (78")D7R LGPDLN12-240PS2.235 (88")D7R SIIBRM02-12179/240PS1.98 (6'6")D7R SII XRBPT03-12179/240PS1.98 (6'6")D7R SII LGPBNX01-12179/240PS2.24 (7'4")23-31Former Models AgriculturalTractorsAGRICULTURAL TRACTORSModelProduct Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightHeight m (ft) GaugeDrawbar Pull kg (lb)* andForward Speed km/h (mph)Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb)m (ft)1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8thChallenger 358DNChallenger 358RDChallenger 35ADKChallenger MT735Challenger 451DRChallenger 45ABFChallenger 453BKChallenger MT745Challenger 557DMChallenger 55AENChallenger 556NNChallenger MT755Challenger MT76594-98 99-01 99-01 01-02 94-98 99-01 99-01 01-02 96-98 99-01 99-01 01-02 01-02175/150 175/150 175/150 235/185 200/170 200/170 200/170 255/205 225/191 225/191 225/191 290/235 306/2559838 -12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 10 977 20 400 (24,200 45,000) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 10 977 20 400 (24,200 45,000) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 9838 12 133 (21,690 26,750) 10 097 20 400 (24,200 45,000) 10 977 20 411 (24,200 45,000)3.05 (10'0") 1.47* (60")* 3.05 (10'0") 1.47 (60") 3.05 (10'0") 2.03 (80") 3.37 (11'1")3.05 (10'0") 1.47* (60")* 3.05 (10'0") 1.47 (60") 3.05 (10'0") 2.03 (80") 3.37 (11'1")3.05 (10'0") 1.47* (60")*3.05 (10'0") 2.03 (80") 3.05 (10'0") 1.47 (60") 3.37 (11'1")3.37 (11'1")8604 8499 8314 7851 7161 6694 5949 5147(18,968) (18,737) (18,329) (17,307) (15,787) (14,757) (13,116) (11,348)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8604 8499 8314 7851 7161 6694 5949 5147(18,968) (18,737) (18,329) (17,307) (15,787) (14,757) (13,116) (11,348)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8604 8499 8314 7851 7161 6694 5949 5147(18,968) (18,737) (18,329) (17,307) (15,787) (14,757) (13,116) (11,348)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)12 680 12 680 12 680 10 890 9130 8105 7187 6388(27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (23,950) (20,090) (17,830) (15,810) (14,050)2.73.44.35.46.57.38.29.3(1.7) (2.1) (2.7) (3.4) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1) (5.8)8675 8675 8675 8255 7710 7318 6757 5891(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,199) (16,997) (16,134) (14,897) (12,987)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8675 8675 8675 8255 7710 7318 6757 5891(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,199) (16,997) (16,134) (14,897) (12,987)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8675 8675 8675 8255 7710 7318 6757 5891(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,199) (16,997) (16,134) (14,897) (12,987)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)12 680 12 680 12 680 11 828 9920 8806 7808 6941(27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (26,020) (21,820) (19,370) (17,180) (15,270)2.73.44.35.46.57.38.29.3(1.7) (2.1) (2.7) (3.4) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1) (5.8)8675 8675 8675 8675 8255 7802 7188 6593(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,200) (17,200) (15,848) (14,535)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8675 8675 8675 8675 8255 7802 7188 6593(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,200) (17,200) (15,848) (14,535)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)8675 8675 8675 8675 8255 7802 7188 6593(19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (19,125) (18,200) (17,200) (15,848) (14,535)2.62 3.11 3.64 4.17 4.93 5.76 6.79 8.02(1.6) (1.9) (2.3) (2.6) (3.1) (3.6) (4.2) (5.0)12 682 12 682 12 682 12 682 11 302 10 032 8896 7908(27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (24,865) (22,070) (19,570) (17,397)2.73.44.35.46.57.38.29.3(1.7) (2.1) (2.7) (3.4) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1) (5.8)12 682 12 682 12 682 12 682 11 894 10 558 9362 8322(27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (27,900) (26,168) (23,228) (20,597) (18,308)2.73.44.35.46.57.38.29.3(1.7) (2.1) (2.7) (3.4) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1) (5.8)*Base gauge (no spacers) of 1.47 m (60") available on 8DN1-849, 1DR1-1699, 7DM1-849. Base gauges (no spacers) of 1.47 m (60") and 2.03 m (80") available on 8DN850-Up, 1DR1700-Up, and 7DM850-Up.23-32AgriculturalTractors Former ModelsAgricultural Tractors (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.YearsHorsepower FW/Approx. Machine WeightHeight m (ft) GaugeDrawbar Pull kg (lb)* andForward Speed km/h (mph)Prefix Built Drawbar kg (lb)m (ft)9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 15th 16thChallenger 358DN94-98 175/150 9838 -3.054436 3740 3171 2601 2154 1771 1449 119612 133 (10'0") (9779) (8244) (6991) (5735) (4749) (3904) (3194) (2637)(21,690 - 1.47* 9.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60")* (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 358RD99-01175/1509838 12 1333.054436 3740 3171 2601 2154 1771 1449 1196(10'0") (9779) (8244) (6991) (5735) (4749) (3904) (3194) (2637)23(21,690 - 1.479.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 35ADK99-01 175/150 9838 -3.054436 3740 3171 2601 2154 1771 1449 119612 133 (10'0") (9779) (8244) (6991) (5735) (4749) (3904) (3194) (2637)(21,690 - 2.039.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (80") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger MT73501-02235/185 10 977 -3.375678 5047 4476 3974 3339 2628 2077 163520 400 (11'1") (12,490) (11,100) (9850) (8742) (7346) (5782) (4568) (3598)(24,200 -10.4 11.7 13.2 14.9 17.7 22.5 28.5 39.745,000)(6.5) (7.3) (8.2) (9.3) (11.0) (14.0) (17.7) (24.6)Challenger 451DR94-98 200/170 9838 -3.055063 4170 3547 2920 2427 2003 1646 136512 133 (10'0") (11,162) (9193) (7821) (6438) (5351) (4416) (3629) (3010)(21,690 - 1.47* 9.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60")* (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 45ABF99-01 200/170 9838 -3.05 5063 4170 3547 2920 2427 2003 1646 136512 133 (10'0") (11,162) (9193) (7821) (6438) (5351) (4416) (3629) (3010)(21,690 - 1.479.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 453BK99-01 200/170 9838 -3.05 5063 4170 3547 2920 2427 2003 1646 136512 133 (10'0") (11,162) (9193) (7821) (6438) (5351) (4416) (3629) (3010)(21,690 - 2.039.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (80") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger MT74501-02255/205 10 977 -3.376169 5484 4864 4317 3628 2856 2256 177720 400 (11'1") (13,573) (12,065) (10,700) (9498) (7981) (6282) (4963) (3909)(24,200 -10.4 11.7 13.2 14.9 17.7 22.5 28.5 39.745,000)(6.5) (7.3) (8.2) (9.3) (11.0) (14.0) (17.7) (24.6)Challenger 557DM96-98 225/191 9838 -3.05 5663 4676 3990 3295 2747 2275 1876 156212 133 (10'0") (12,484) (10,310) (8796) (7264) (6056) (5015) (4135) (3443)(21,690 - 1.47* 9.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60")* (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 55AEN99-01225/1919838 -3.055663 4676 3990 3295 2747 2275 1876 156212 133 (10'0") (12,484) (10,310) (8796) (7264) (6056) (5015) (4135) (3443)(21,690 - 2.039.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (80") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger 556NN99-01 225/191 9838 -3.055663 4676 3990 3295 2747 2275 1876 156212 133 (10'0") (12,484) (10,310) (8796) (7264) (6056) (5015) (4135) (3443)(21,690 - 1.479.39 11.11 12.70 15.04 17.60 20.70 24.49 28.6426,750) (60") (5.8) (6.9) (7.9) (9.3) (10.9) (12.9) (15.2) (17.8)Challenger MT75501-02290/235 10 097 -3.377029 6248 5541 4919 4133 3253 2570 202420 400 (11'1") (15,464) (13,745) (12,190) (10,821) (9093) (7157) (5655) (4454)(24,200 -10.4 11.7 13.2 14.9 17.7 22.5 28.5 39.745,000)(6.5) (7.3) (8.2) (9.3) (11.0) (14.0) (17.7) (24.6)Challenger MT76501-02306/255 10 977 -3.377397 6575 5831 5176 4350 3424 2705 213020 411 (11'1") (16,274) (14,466) (12,829) (11,388) (9569) (7533) (5951) (4687)(24,200 -10.4 11.7 13.2 14.9 17.7 22.5 28.5 39.745,000)(6.5) (7.3) (8.2) (9.3) (11.0) (14.0) (17.7) (24.6)*Base gauge (no spacers) of 1.47 m (60") available on 8DN1-849, 1DR1-1699, 7DM1-849. Base gauges (no spacers) of 1.47 m (60") and 2.03 m (80") available on 8DN850-Up, 1DR1700-Up, and 7DM850-Up.23-33Former Models AgriculturalTractorsAgricultural Tractors (cont'd)ProductHorse- Approx. HeightIdent.power Machine m (ft)No. Years FW/ Weight GaugeDrawbar Pull kg (lb)* andForward Speed km/h (mph)ModelPrefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) 1st 2nd 3rd 4th5th6th7th 8thChallenger 65 7YC Challenger 65B 7YC Challenger 65C 2ZJ Challenger 65D 2ZJ Challenger 65E Challenger 70C 2YL Challenger 75 4CJ Challenger 75C 4KK Challenger 75D 5AR Challenger 75E Challenger 85C 9TKChallenger 85D 4GR Challenger 85E86-90 270/200 14 061 (31,000)91-92 285/225 14 060 (31,000)93-95 285/225 14 330 (31,530)95-97 300 14 909 (32,875)97-02 310/277 15 186 (33,480)93-95 1st Gear 16 201 215/154 (35,685) 2nd & up 285/22591-92 325/256 14 060 (31,000)92-97 325/268 15 158 (33,419)96-97 330 14 878 (32,800)97-02 340/301 15 186 (33,480)92-97 1-2 Gears 325/216 3-10 Gears 355/27296-97 Gears 15 286 1-2 330 (33,700) 3-5 360 6-10 37097-02 375/339 15 413 (33,980)3.24 (10'8") 2.15 (7'1") 3.24 (10'8") 2.15 (7'1") 3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5") 3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5")3.4 (11'2")3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5") 3.24 (10'8") 2.15 (7'1") 3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5") 3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5")3.4 (11'2") 2.29 (7'6") 3.24 (10'8")2.29 (7'5") 3.24 (10'8") 2.29 (7'5") 3.4 (11'2") 2.29 (7'6")14 825 10 393 8880 7701 6656 5708 4950 4245(32,684) (22,912) (19,577) (16,978) (14,674) (12,583) (10,912) (9358)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)14 893 11 074 9492 8252 7138 6109 5294 4545(32,914) (24,413) (20,926) (18,193) (15,737) (13,467) (11,672) (10,019)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)12 587 9574 8186 7156 6147 5230 4497 3855(27,750) (21,106) (18,046) (15,775) (13,551) (11,530) (9914) (8498)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)12 689 10 706 9161 7934 6837 5843 5005 4256(27,975) (23,603) (20,197) (17,492) (15,072) (12,881) (11,034) (9382)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)15 098 10 808 9265 8096 6964 6017 5247 4469(33,284) (23,827) (20,425) (17,849) (15,352) (13,265) (11,567) (9853)4.36.47.68.7 10.0 11.3 12.9 14.8(2.7) (4.0) (4.7) (5.4) (6.2) (7.0) (8.0) (9.2)12 621 9574 8186 7156 6147 5230 4497 3855(27,825) (21,106) (18,046) (15,775) (13,551) (11,530) (9914) (8498)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)15 391 12 371 10 753 9382 8073 6923 6017 5162(33,931) (27,273) (23,706) (20,684) (17,797) (15,263) (13,264) (11,379)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)12 689 10 761 9329 8106 6932 5944 5095 4380(27,975) (23,724) (20,567) (17,871) (15,282) (13,105) (11,232) (9657)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)12 884 12 562 10 919 9526 8197 7030 6109 5241(28,406) (27,693) (24,071) (21,003) (18,071) (15,498) (13,468) (11,554)4.26.47.58.69.9 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.6) (4.0) (4.7) (5.3) (6.1) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)15 174 11 696 9402 8155 7015 6412 5543 4798(33,452) (25,785) (20,728) (17,979) (15,466) (14,135) (12,221) (10,578)4.56.47.99.0 10.3 11.3 12.9 14.8(2.8) (4.0) (4.9) (5.6) (6.4) (7.0) (8.0) (9.2)12 689 11 596 9544 8302 7089 6406 5490 4720(27,975) (25,565) (21,042) (18,304) (15,629) (14,122) (12,104) (10,406)4.56.47.99.0 10.5 11.3 13.0 14.9(2.8) (4.0) (4.9) (5.6) (6.5) (7.0) (8.1) (9.3)15 529 10 684 9599 8247 7175 6590 5705 4887(34,234) (23,553) (21,162) (18,181) (15,819) (14,528) (12,578) (10,774)4.0 6.25 7.75 8.9 10.2 11.2 12.8 14.7(2.5) (3.9) (4.8) (5.5) (6.4) (7.0) (8.0) (9.2)15 454 11 576 10 566 9177 7997 7268 6323 5417(34,070) (25,520) (23,294) (20,232) (17,629) (16,022) (13,940) (11,942)4.56.47.99.0 10.3 11.3 12.9 14.8(2.8) (4.0) (4.9) (5.6) (6.4) (7.0) (8.0) (9.2)*Drawbar pull figures for SA and SR models are max. at lug. NOTE: Drawbar pull figures for the Challenger 65 is at max. power as found in University of Nebraska Tractor Test no. 1268.This test was performed on concrete. Therefore, usable drawbar pull may be less depending upon soil conditions.9th2858 (6300) 19.3 (12.0) 3057 (6740) 19.3 (12.0) 2701 (5955) 19.3 (12.0) 3119 (6875) 19.3 (12.0) 3396 (7488) 19.3 (12.0) 2701 (5955) 19.3 (12.0) 3588 (7910) 19.3 (12.0) 3075 (6780) 19.3 (12.0) 3643 (8031) 19.3 (12.0) 3502 (7722) 20.1 (12.5) 3146 (6935)20.3 (12.6) 3825 (8432) 20.3 (12.6) 3954 (8718) 20.1 (12.5)10th1725 (3803) 29.3 (18.1) 1851 (4080) 29.3 (18.1) 1637 (3610) 29.1 (18.1) 2030 (4475) 29.1 (18.1) 2279 (5025) 29.0 (18.0) 1637 (3610) 21.1 (18.1) 2181 (4830) 29.3 (18.1) 1878 (4140) 29.1 (18.1) 2225 (4904) 29.1 (18.1) 2447 (5395) 29.0 (18.0) 2024 (4461)29.1 (18.1) 2461 (5425) 29.1 (18.1) 2763 (6090) 29.0 (18.0)23-34AgriculturalTractors Former ModelsAgricultural Tractors (cont'd)ProductHorse- Approx. HeightIdent.power Machine m (ft)No. Years FW/ Weight GaugeDrawbar Pull kg (lb)* andForward Speed km/h (mph)ModelPrefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) 1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th 10thChallenger 95E97-02 410/375 15 413 3.4 15 968 11 506 10 505 10 085 8729 7903 6865 5901 4308 3010(33,980) (11'2") (35,202) (25,366) (23,159) (22,234) (19,244) (17,423) (15,134) (13,009) (9497) (6635)2.29 4.56.47.99.0 10.3 11.3 12.9 14.8 20.1 29.0(7'6") (2.8) (4.0) (4.9) (5.6) (6.4) (7.0) (8.0) (9.2) (12.5) (18.0)D3B SA2PC 85-87 101 6650 2.71 7634 6226 5306 4531 3888 (14,670) (8'11") (16,830) (13,725) (11,700) (9990) (8573)234.15.05.76.57.6(2.5) (3.1) (3.6) (4.0) (4.7)D3C SA7JF 87-92 101 7202 2.71 5552 4521 3827 3235 2755(15,846) (8'11") (12,250) (9960) (8450) (7130) (6070)1.52 4.15.05.76.57.6(5'0") (2.5) (3.1) (3.6) (4.0) (4.7)D4D SA20J 66-68 --/68 6750 2.44 4590 3928 3098 2631 2232(14,900) (8'0") (10,120) (8660) (6830) (5800) (4920)1.52 4.04.75.66.47.4(5'0") (2.5) (2.9) (3.5) (4.0) (4.6)D4D SA84J 66 --/68 6470 2.67 4880 4170 3310 2840 2420(14,270) (8'9") (10,750) (9200) (7300) (6260) (5330)1.52 4.04.75.66.47.4(5'0") (2.5) (2.9) (3.5) (4.0) (4.6)D4E SA7PB 84-89 977600 2.71 5901 5148 5831 5002 44332CB 84-91(16,760) (8'11") (13,102) (11,349) (12,859) (11,027) (9773)3.44.65.56.48.3(2.1) (2.8) (3.5) (4.0) (5.1)D4E SA29X 77-84 --/74 7585 2.72 5802 4986 4007 3814 2896(16,722) (8'11") (12,791) (10,993) (8835) (8408) (6384)1.52 4.14.75.86.67.5(5'0") (2.5) (2.9) (3.6) (4.1) (4.7)D4E SR84-99 125/-- 9400 1.93 5450 3744 5068 4408 3832(20,730) (6'4") (12,010) (8250) (11,170) (9715) (8450)1.52(5'0")D5 SA21J 67-67 --/90 9300 2.64 6620 5160 3990 3080 2290(20,400) (8'8") (14,580) (11,360) (8740) (6790) (5030)1.88(6'2")D5 SA98J 67-77 --/90 9660 2.95 6120 5180 4110 3640 2950 2250(21,300) (9'8") (13,500) (11,410) (9950) (7620) (6500) (4970)1.88 3.74.65.87.18.8(6'2") (2.3) (2.9) (3.6) (4.4) (5.5)D5B SA26X 77-84 --/902.77 6409 5384 4323 3688 3180 2486(9'1") (14,130) (11,870) (9530) (8130) (7010) (5480)1.88 4.04.75.66.67.49.0(6'2") (2.5) (2.9) (3.5) (4.1) (4.6) (5.6)D5B SA22X 77-82 105/-- 11 283 2.77 8060 5030 3410 2290 1480(24,875) (9'1") (17,770) (11,100) (7520) (5060) (3260)1.52 2.74.25.88.011.1(5'0") (1.7) (2.6) (3.6) (5.0) (6.9)D5B SA24X 77-84 105/-- 11 619 2.77(25,615) (9'1")1.523.56.1 10.1(5'0") (2.2) (3.8) (6.3)*Drawbar pull figures for SA and SR models are max. at lug. NOTE: Drawbar pull figures for the Challenger 65 is at max. power as found in University of Nebraska Tractor Test no. 1268.This test was performed on concrete. Therefore, usable drawbar pull may be less depending upon soil conditions.23-35Former Models AgriculturalTractorsAgricultural Tractors (cont'd)ProductHorse- Approx. HeightIdent.power Machine m (ft)No. Years FW/ Weight GaugeDrawbar Pull kg (lb)* andForward Speed km/h (mph)ModelPrefix Built Drawbar kg (lb) m (ft) 1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th 10thD6C SA17R 70-76 140 13 064 2.67 850 6970 5880 4810 4080 3190(28,800) (8'9") (18,750) (15,370) (12,780) (10,610) (9000) (7030)4.04.85.66.47.48.8(2.5) (3.0) (3.5) (4.0) (4.6) (5.5)D6D SR7XF 89-91 140 15 200 2.87 14 358 12 429 11 721 7067 6096 4931(33,500) (9'5") (31,645) (27,394) (25,833) (15,576) (13,436) (10,868)2.02.94.16.57.48.9(1.2) (1.8) (2.5) (4.0) (4.6) (5.5)D6D SA38C 83-91 165 14 500 2.87 10 098 8510 9210 7789 6732 5456123-161 kW(32,000) (9'5") (22,243) (18,744) (20,287) (17,156) (14,828) (12,017)(165-215 HP)4.55.36.17.18.29.8(2.8) (3.3) (3.8) (4.4) (5.1) (6.1)D6D SA19B 83-91 165 14 500 2.87 10 098 8510 7181 8732 7560 6144123-179 kW(32,000) (9'5") (22,243) (18,744) (15,817) (19,234) (16,651) (13,532)(165-240 HP)4.55.36.17.18.29.8(2.8) (3.3) (3.8) (4.4) (5.1) (6.1)D6E SR8FJ 91-96 155/216 14 960 2.03 11 308 7771 8130 6866 5926 3135121/170 (32,987) (6'8") (24,878) (17,097) (17,887) (15,105) (13,037) (6987)1.88 3.04.35.86.87.79.3(6'2") (1.9) (2.7) (2.6) (4.3) (4.8) (5.8)Ag 605X 77-86 165/240 14 787 3.43 10 034 8455 7134 9041 7830Generation(32,600) (11'3") (22,120) (18,639) (15,727) (19,931) (17,268)One4.55.36.17.18.2(2.8) (3.3) (3.8) (4.4) (5.1)Ag 605X 77-86 200/240 14 787 3.48 12 407 10 482 10 667 9091 7830Generation Two(32,600) (11'5") (27,353) (23,110) (23,514) (19,931) (17,263)4.55.36.17.18.2(2.8) (3.3) (3.8) (4.4) (5.1)D7G SA35N 80-86 250 18 462 3.2 19 101 13 622 11 358 10 015 8627 7584std. trans.(40,700) (10'6") (42,110) (30,030) (25,040) (22,080) (19,020) (16,720)3.54.85.66.47.28.2(2.2) (3.0) (3.5) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1)D7G SA77-86 250 18 462 3.2 16 990 12 090 11 358 10 015 8627 7584std. trans.(40,700) (10'6") (37,424) (26,631) (25,040) (22,080) (19,020) (16,720)168-186 kW3.54.85.66.47.28.2(225-250 HP)(2.2) (3.0) (3.5) (4.0) (4.5) (5.1)D8L SA84-87 400 36 650 3.87 40 252 39 466 22 013 15 953 11 880 8446(80,820) (12'8") (88,740) (64,960) (48,530) (35,170) (26,190) (18,620)2.22.93.95.06.88.911.9(7'3") (1.8) (2.4) (3.1) (4.2) (5.5) (7.4)*Drawbar pull figures for SA and SR models are max. at lug. NOTE: Drawbar pull figures for the Challenger 65 is at max. power as found in University of Nebraska Tractor Test no. 1268.This test was performed on concrete. Therefore, usable drawbar pull may be less depending upon soil conditions.23-36Motor Graders Former ModelsMOTOR GRADERSModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltHorsepower, RatedApprox. Ship Wt. kg (lb)Wheelbase m (ft)Length m (ft)Width m (ft)Moldboard Lengthm (ft)Turning Radiusm (ft)ControlsMaximum Speedkm/h (mph)km/h (mph)Forward Rev.212TD79C54-57 5060305.036.682.073.0511.10Mech.18.14.2(13,290) (16'6") (21'11") (6'10") (10'0") (36'5")(11.2)(2.6)231123U47-59 7087705.727.592.393.6610.87 Mech.25.76.4(19,330) (18'9") (24'11") (7'10") (12'0") (35'8")(16.0)(4.0)11281C55-59 7594355.727.592.393.6610.74 Mech. 25.76.4(20,805) (18'9") (24'11") (7'10") (12'0") (35'3")(16.0)(4.0)112E 68E(U.S.) 59-64 8595005.727.622.363.6610.74 Mech.29.39.391G(U.S.) 64-68(20,900) (18'9") (25'0") (7'9") (12'0") (35'3")(18.2)(5.8)112F 82F(U.S.) 60-64 10098005.727.822.363.6610.70 Mech.29.99.746D(U.S.) 64-68(21,600) (18'9") (25'8") (7'9") (12'0") (35'3")(18.6)(6.0)74H(U.S.) 67-6889J(U.S.) 68-7480J(AUSTL) 69-84120 89G(U.S.) 64-67 115 10 480 5.717.622.363.6610.74 Mech.32.210.3(23,100) (18'9") (25'0") (7'9") (12'0") (35'3")(20.0)(6.4)120 14K(U.S.) 67-69 125 10 600 5.717.802.363.6610.74 Mech.32.241.5(23,500) (18'9") (25'8") (7'9") (12'0") (35'3")(20.0) (25.8)120 10R(U.S.) 69-74 125 10 700 5.857.952.363.6610.90 Mech.32.26.6(23,700) (19'2") (26'1") (7'9") (12'0") (35'9")(20.0)(4.1)120 13U(U.S.) 71-74 125 11 000 5.857.952.363.6610.90 Mech.32.26.6(24,300) (19'2") (26'1") (7'9") (12'0") (35'9")(20.0)(4.1)120B 64U(BRAZ) 72-89 125 12 000 5.857.922.363.6610.90 Mech.35.423.8(26,460) (19'2") (26'0") (7'9") (12'0") (35'9")(22.0) (14.8)120G 87V(U.S.) 73-95 125 12 859 5.697.922.453.666.7Hyd.40.940.94HD(BRAZ) 86-95(28,350) (18'8") (26'0") (8'0") (12'0") (22'0")(25.4) (25.4)11W(AUSTL) 75-9582V(CAN) 74-80120H 4MK(U.S.) 95-02 125/140 12 520 5.868.262.443.667.2Hyd.42.633.76NM(U.S.)(27,600) (19'3") (27'1") (7'11") (12'0") (23'8")(26.5) (20.9)9YR(BRAZ)2AN(AUSTL)3GR(S. AFRICA)124 (AUSTL) 03-05ALZ(U.S.) 02-04CAF(BRAZ) 03-07120H ALZ(U.S.) 02-03 125/140 12 650 5.928.312.443.667.3Hyd.42.633.7CAF(BRAZ) 02-07(27,880) (19'5") (27'3") (8'0") (12'0") (23'7")(26.5) (20.9)124(AUSTL) 03-05120H 6TM(U.S.) 96-99 125/140 12 466 5.878.152.443.667.2Hyd.42.633.7STD 5FM(BRAZ) 96-09(27,483) (19'3") (26'9") (8'0") (12'0") (23'8")(26.5) (20.9)9FN(INDO) 96-0423-37Former Models Motor GradersMotor Graders (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. Prefix130G 74V(U.S.)12W(AUSTL)135H 3YK(U.S.)AMX(U.S.)CBC(BRAZ)135H AMX(U.S.)CBC(BRAZ)126M(U.S.)129K(U.S.)127T(U.S.)128T(U.S.)94C(AUSTL)12 70D-71D(U.S.)80C(U.S.)38E(AUSTL)12E 99E(U.S.)21F(AUSTL)17K(AUSTL)12F 73G(U.S.)12F 12G 12H12H 12H STD89H(U.S.) 13K(U.S.) 61M(U.S.) 3PL(BRAZ) 3WC(AUSTL) 4XM(U.S.) 2LR(U.S.) 8MN(BRAZ) 2GS(BRAZ) 2WR(AUSTL) AMZ(U.S.) CBK(BRAZ) 125(AUSTL) AMZ(U.S.) CBK(BRAZ) 125(AUSTL) 5ZM(U.S.) 4ER(BRAZ) XZJ(CHINA)Years Built 73-95 75-89 95-02 02-04 03-07 02-04 02-07 39-4238-4545-4747-55 55-58 57-59 55-67 58-60 59-65 60-68 68-75 65-6769-73 67-73 73-95 93-95 85-95 95-0202-07 02-07 03-05 02-07 02-07 03-05 97-98 96-09 06-10Horsepower, Rated135 135/155135/155 66 70 75 100 115115115 125 135140145/185140Approx. Ship Wt. kg (lb) 13 050(28,770) 12 950 (28,550)13 080 (28,840)9440 (20,820)9590 (21,140)9750 (21,500) 10 100 (22,375) 10 200 (22,410)11 100 (24,400)12 973 (28,600) 12 973 (28,600) 13 554 (29,860)14 247 (31,410)14 200 (31,320)14 185 (31,273)Wheelbase m (ft) 5.92 (19'5") 5.86 (19'3")5.92 (19'5")5.72 (18'9")5.72 (18'9")5.72 (18'9")5.72 (18'9")5.72 (18'9")5.72 (18'9")6.0 (19'8")6.00 (19'8")5.92 (19'5")6.10 (20'0")6.09 (20'0")6.09 (20'0")Length m (ft)8.30 (27'3")8.26 (27'1")8.31 (27'3")7.62 (25'0")7.62 (25'0")7.62 (25'0")7.62 (25'0")7.62 (25'0")8.03 (26'4")8.20 (26'10")8.20 (26'10")8.30 (27'3")8.57 (28'1")8.57 (28'1")8.45 (27'9")Width m (ft)2.45 (8'0") 2.44 (7'11")2.44 (8'0") 2.39 (7'10") 2.39 (7'10") 2.39 (7'10") 2.39 (7'10") 2.37 (7'10")2.36 (7'9")2.36 (7'9") 2.36 (7'9") 2.45 (8'0")2.44 (7'11")2.44 (8'0")2.44 (8'0")Moldboard Lengthm (ft)3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")Turning Radiusm (ft)7.3 (24'0")7.2 (23'8")Controls Hyd.Hyd.Maximum Speedkm/h (mph)km/h (mph)Forward Rev.39.4 (24.5) 41.9 (26.0)39.4 (24.5) 33.1 (20.6)3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")7.3 (23'7") 10.87 (35'8") 10.87 (35'8") 10.87 (35'8") 10.87 (35'8") 10.87 (35'8")Hyd. Mech. Mech. Mech. Mech. Mech.41.9 (26.1) 24.5 (15.2) 24.5 (15.2) 24.5 (15.2) 31.1 (19.3) 31.1 (19.3)33.1 (20.6)6.1 (3.8) 6.1 (3.8) 6.1 (3.8) 6.6 (4.1) 10.1 (6.3)3.66 (12'0")10.90 (35'9")Mech.32.0 (19.9)22.2 (13.8)3.66 (12'0")3.65 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")11.40 (37'5") 11.40 (37'5")7.30 (24'0")Hyd. Mech. Hyd. Mech. Hyd.32.0 (19.9) 34.3 (21.3) 39.4 (24.5)22.2 (13.8) 41.5 (25.8) 39.4 (24.5)3.667.40(12'0") (24'3")Hyd.39.7 (24.7)31.3 (19.5)3.667.40(12'0") (24'3")3.66 (12'0")7.4 (24'3")Hyd. Hyd.44.0 (27.4)41.7 (25.9)34.7 (21.6)32.9 (20.5)23-38Motor Graders Former ModelsMotor Graders (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltHorsepower, RatedApprox. Ship Wt. kg (lb)Wheelbase m (ft)Length m (ft)Width m (ft)Moldboard Lengthm (ft)Turning Radiusm (ft)ControlsMaximum Speedkm/h (mph)km/h (mph)Forward Rev.140 14U(U.S.) 71-74 150 13 109 5.847.952.443.6610.97 Mech.38.847.011R(U.S.) 70-74(28,900) (19'2") (26'1") (8'0") (12'0") (36'0")(24.1) (29.2)55F(AUSTL) 71-7524R(CAN) 71-7423140B 61S(BRAZ) 81-87 150 13 620 6.148.072.393.9611.60 Mech.37.625.6(30,003) (20'2") (26'6") (7'10") (13'0") (38'0")(23.4) (15.9)140G 72V(U.S.) 73-95 150 14 102 5.928.332.453.667.30Hyd.41.041.05MD(BRAZ) 87-95(31,090) (19'5") (27'4") (8'0") (12'0") (24'0")(25.5) (25.5)13W(AUSTL) 75-9581V(CAN) 74-80140G 72V(U.S.) 73-95 150 14 914 5.928.332.453.667.30Hyd.41.041.0AWD(32,880) (19'5") (27'4") (8'0") (12'0") (24'0")(25.5) (25.5)140H 2ZK(U.S.) 95-02 165/185 14 724 6.108.602.463.667.40Hyd.41.132.48KM(U.S.)(32,460) (20'0") (28'3") (8'1") (12'0") (24'3")(25.5) (20.2)9TN(BRAZ)3AS(BRAZ)9ZN(AUSTL)APM(U.S.) 02-07CCA(BRAZ) 02-07126(AUSTL) 03-05140H APM(U.S.) 02-07 165/205 14 677 6.178.712.463.667.5Hyd.44.034.7CCA(BRAZ) 02-07(32,357) (20'3") (28'7") (8'1") (12'0") (24'7")(27.4) (21.6)126(AUSTL) 03-05140H 8JM(U.S.) 96-99 165/185 14 661 6.098.602.463.667.4Hyd.41.132.4STD 5HM(BRAZ) 96-09(32,321) (20'0") (28'3") (8'1") (12'0") (24'3")(25.5) (20.2)XZH(CHINA) 05-10143H 1AL(U.S.) 95-02 165/185 15 023 6.108.602.463.667.40Hyd.41.132.4APN(U.S.) 02-07(33,120) (20'0") (28'3") (8'1") (12'0") (24'3")(25.5) (20.2)143H APN(U.S.) 02-07 165/205 15 270 6.178.712.553.667.5Hyd.44.034.7(33,670) (20'3") (28'7") (8'5") (12'0") (24'7")(27.4) (21.6)14B 78E(U.S.) 59-59 150 13 300 5.848.032.443.6610.97 Mech.34.811.364C(U.S.) 59-69(29,280) (19'2") (26'4") (8'0") (12'0") (36'0")(21.6)(7.0)14C 35F(U.S.) 59-61 150 12 973 5.848.032.443.6610.97 Mech.34.811.3(28,600) (19'2") (26'4") (8'0") (12'0") (36'0")(21.6)(7.0)14D 96F(U.S.) 61-65 150 13 700 6.158.332.443.9611.58Mech.34.123.5(30,300) (20'2") (27'4") (8'0") (13'0") (38'0")(21.2) (14.6)14E 99G(U.S.) 65-68 150 13 699 6.158.332.443.9611.58Hyd.36.424.9(30,200) (20'2") (27'4") (8'0") (13'0") (38'0") Mech. (22.6) (15.5)14E 12K(U.S.) 67-73 150 14 300 6.108.302.443.9611.60Hyd.39.147.372G(U.S.) 69-73(31,600) (20'2") (27'4") (8'0") (13'0") (38'0") Mech. (24.3) (29.4)14G 96U(U.S.) 73-95 200 20 688 6.459.212.834.277.90Hyd.43.050.1(45,610) (21'2") (30'3") (9'3") (14'0") (25'11")(26.8) (31.1)14H 7WJ(U.S.) 95-02 215 18 784 6.459.212.704.277.90Hyd.42.747.3ASE(U.S.) 02-07(41,410) (21'2") (30'2") (8'10") (14'0") (25'11")(26.5) (29.4)14H ASE(U.S.) 02-07 220/240 18 809 6.569.342.824.278.0Hyd.46.151.1(41,465) (21'6") (30'8") (9'3") (14'0") (26'4")(28.7) (31.8)14MB9J07-10 259/275 21,676 6.569.352.84.277.9Electro- 50.439.8R9J10-15(47,787) (21'6") (30'8") (9'2") (14'0") (25'11") Hyd(31.3) (24.7)23-39Former Models Motor GradersMotor Graders (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. Prefix160H 9EJ(U.S.)6WM(U.S.)3GM(BRAZ)2HS(BRAZ)ASD(U.S.)CCP(BRAZ)160H ASD(U.S.)CCP(BRAZ)160H 9JM(U.S.)STD 2FM(BRAZ)XZK(CHINA)163H 5AK(U.S.)ARL(U.S.)163H ARL(U.S.)16 49G(U.S.)16G 93U(U.S.)16H 6ZJ(U.S.) ATS(U.S.)16H ATS(U.S.)16M 24HB9H R9H 7KK(U.S.)Years Built 95-0202-07 02-07 02-07 03-07 96-99 96-98 06-10 95-02 02-07 02-0763-7373-9595-02 02-07 02-0707-10 10-15 96-07Horsepower, Rated180/200Approx. Ship Wt. kg (lb)15 586 (34,360)Wheelbase m (ft)6.10 (20'0")180/220 180/20015 676 (34,560) 15 524 (34,225)6.17 (20'3")6.09 (20'0")180/200 16 538 (36,460)180/220 16 280 (35,890)225 22 499 (49,600)275 27 284 (60,150)275 24 748 (54,560)265/285 24 740 (54,550)291/326 27 531 (60,695)500 61 955 (136,611)6.10 (20'0")6.17 (20'3")6.86 (22'6")6.96 (22'10")6.96 (22'10")6.96 (22'10")6.99 (22'11")10.23 (33'7")Length m (ft)8.60 (28'3")8.71 (28'7")8.49 (27'10")8.60 (28'3")8.71 (28'7")9.50 (31'2")9.99 (32'8")9.99 (32'9")9.99 (32'9")9.96 (32'8") 14.16 (46'6")Width m (ft)2.46 (8'1")2.48 (8'2") 2.46 (8'1")2.46 (8'1") 2.55 (8'5") 3.00 (9'10") 3.08 (10'1") 2.99 (9'10") 3.08 (10'1") 3.10 (10'2") 4.23 (13'10")Moldboard Lengthm (ft) 4.27 (14'0")4.27 (14'0")4.27 (14'0")4.27 (14'0")4.27 (14'0")4.27 (14'0")4.88 (16'0")4.88 (16'0)"4.88 (16'0")4.88 (16'0")7.3 (24'0")Turning Radiusm (ft)7.40 (24'3")Controls Hyd.Maximum Speedkm/h (mph)km/h (mph)Forward Rev.40.7 (25.3)32.1 (20.0)7.5 (24'7")7.4 (24'3")Hyd. Hyd.43.6 (27.1) 40.7 (25.3)7.40 (24'3")7.5 (24'7") 13.56 (44'6")8.20 (27'0")8.20 (27'0")8.2 (26'11")8.9 (29'3")12.0 (39'11")Hyd.Hyd.Hyd. Mech. Hyd.Hyd.Hyd.ElectroHyd Hyd.40.7 (25.3) 43.6 (27.1) 49.7 (30.9) 43.6 (27.1) 44.5 (27.7) 48.1 (29.9) 51.7 (32.1) 37.7 (23.4)34.4 (21.4) 32.1 (20.0)32.1 (20.0) 34.4 (21.4) 49.7 (30.9) 43.6 (27.1) 42.3 (26.3) 45.7 (28.4) 40.8 (25.3) 36.1 (22.4)23-40Skid Steer Loaders Former ModelsSKID STEER LOADERSRatedOperatingCapacityRated at 50%Approx.LengthHeightTop Travel Operating withProductMachinetoWidth over to TopSpeed Capacity counter-Ident. No. Years Weight Net Power CouplerTiresof Cab Engine km/h at 50% weight23Model PrefixBuiltkg (lb) kW (hp) mm (in) mm (in)** mm (in) Model (mph) kg (lb) kg (lb)2164NZ99-032490362519152519503024C11.5635680(5490)(48)(99)(60)(77)(7.0)(1400) (1500)216BRLL04-072589372519152519503024C12.7635680(5709)(49)(99)(60)(77)(7.9)(1400) (1500)216B2 RLL07-10321235251915251950C2.212.7635680(7082)(47)(99)(60)(77)(7.9)(1400) (1500)2265FZ99-03256041251915251950303411.5680726(5645)(54)(99)(60)(77)(7.0)(1500) (1600)226BMJH04-07264642251915251950 3024CT 12.7680726(5834)(57)(99)(60)(77)(7.9)(1500) (1600)226B2 MJH07-10328342251915251950C2.2T12.7680726(7238)(56)(99)(60)(77)(7.9)(1500) (1600)2286BZ99-03265041251915251950303411.5680726(5843)(54)(99)(60)(77)(7.0)(1500) (1600)232CAB02-043005362776152519533024C11.1793815(6627)(48)(110)(60)(77)(7.0)(1750) (1795)232BSCH04-073021372760152519533024C11.1793815(6661)(49)(109)(60)(77)(6.9)(1750) (1795)232B2 SCH07-10358842276015251950C2.2T11.1862883(7910)(56)(109)(60)(77)(6.9)(1900) (1947)2364YZ99-03313444280016762092303412.1793839(6810)(59)(110)(66)(82)(7.5)(1750) (1850)236BHEN04-073178522800167620923044C 12.2/18.6* 793815(7007)(70)(110)(66)(82)DIT (7.6/11.6*) (1750) (1850)236B2 HEN07-10387853280016762092 C3.4 DIT 12.1884929(8550)(71)236B3 A9H10-13317853(110) 2800(66) 1676(82)(7.5)2092 Cat® C3.4 18.1(1950) 884(2050) 929(7007)(71)(110)(66)(82)DIT(11.2)(1950) (2050)242CMB02-04306041277616761986303411.3907930(6748)(54)(110)(66)(78)(7.0)(2000) (2045)242BBXM04-07308542276016761986 3024CT 12.0907930(6805)(57)(109)(66)(78)(7.4)(2000) (2045)242B2 BXM07-10362942276016761986C2.2T12.1952 Standard(8000)(56)(109)(66)(78)(7.5)(2100) on 242B2242B3 SRS10-13317953276016762019 Cat C3.4 18.49751000(7008)(71)(108.7)(66)(79)DIT(11.4)(2150) (2200)**With two-speed option. **Models 216-236B with 254 mm (10") wide tires, 242-268B with 305 mm (12") wide tires.23-41Former Models Skid Steer LoadersSkid Steer Loaders (cont'd)Product Ident. No. Model PrefixYears BuiltApprox. Machine Weightkg (lb)Net Power kW (hp)Length toCoupler mm (in)Width over Tiresmm (in)**2465SZ99-0332145528001676(7087)(74)(110)(66)246BPAT04-0732395828001676(7142)(78)(110)(66)246CJAY08-1333935436921676(7480)(73)(145.3)(66)2486LZ99-0333285528001676(7338)(74)(110)(66)248BSCL04-0733205728001676(7321)(76)(110)(66)252FDG01-0334544427761829(7615)(59)(110)(72)252BSCP04-0735525229021829(7832)(70)(114)(72)252B2 SCP07-1041725329011829(9198)(71)(114)(72)252B3 TNK10-1335655329011829(7861)(71)(114.2)(72)262CED01-0334725529021829(7655)(74)(114)(72)262BPDT04-0735655829021829(7861)(78)(114)(72)262CMST08-1336146129791676(7968)(82)(117.3)(66)262C2 TMW12-1336145429791676(7968)(73)(117.3)(66)268BLBA04-0736265729021829(7995)(76)(114)(72)272CRED08-1337936731201676(8362)(90)(122.8)(66)272DGSL12-1338127131391930(8404)(95)(123.6)(76)272D XHPSHY12-134220 (9403)79 (106)3119 (122.8)1930 (76)272DB5W13-1537437131561829(8252)(95)(124.3)(72)272DETL13-1542207931361930XHP(9403)(106)(123.5)(76)**With two-speed option. **Models 216-236B with 254 mm (10") wide tires, 242-268B with 305 mm (12") wide tires.Height to Top of Cab mm (in)2092 (82) 2092 (82) 2104 (82.8) 2092 (82) 2092 (82) 1968 (78) 2063 (81) 2063 (83) 2063 (82.6) 2098 (83) 2063 (81) 2104 (82.8) 2104 (82.8) 2063 (81) 2104 (82.8) 2104 (82.8) 2104 (84.3) 2111 (83.1) 2147 (84.5)Engine ModelRated Operating Capacity Rated at 50% Top Travel Operating with Speed Capacity counterkm/h at 50% weight (mph) kg (lb) kg (lb)3034 T12.1907952(7.5)(2000) (2100)3044CT 12.5/19.1* 907952(7.7/11.8*) (2000) (2100)Cat C3.4 19.39751066DIT(12.0)(2150) (2350)3034 T12.1907952(7.5)(2000) (2100)3044C 12.5/19.1* 907952DIT (7.7/11.8*) (2000) (2100)303412.110201043(7.5)(2250) (2300)3044C 11.2/17.8* 11341134DIT (6.9/11.0*) (2500) (2500)C3.4 DIT 12.111341157(7.5)(2500) (2551)Cat C3.4 17.812021225DIT(11.1)(2650) (2700)3034 T12.111341156(7.5)(2500) (2550)3044C 11.6/17.8* 12251247DIT (7.2/11.0*) (2700) (2750)Cat C3.4 19.312251336DIT(12.0)(2700) (2945)Cat C3.4 19.312251336DIT(12.0)(2700) (2945)3044C 11.6/17.8* 12251247DIT (7.2/11.0*) (2700) (2750)Cat C3.4 16.114741579DIT(10.0)(3250) (3480)Cat C3.8 15.114511565DIT(9.4)(3200) (3450)Cat C3.8 15.11633--DIT Cat C3.8(9.4) 15.1(3600) 1451-- 1565DIT(9.4)(3200) (3450)Cat C3.8 16.61678--DIT(10.3)(3700)--23-42MultiTerrain Loaders Former ModelsMULTI TERRAIN LOADERSModelProduct Ident. No.PrefixYears BuiltApprox. Machine Weightkg (lb)Net Power kW (hp)Length toCoupler mm (in)Width over Tracks mm (in)*Height to Top of Cab mm (in)Engine ModelTop Travel Speed km/h (mph)Rated Operating Capacity at50% kg (lb)247CML02-04302341251816761990303412.1(6665)(54)(99)(66)(78)(7.5)877 (1933)23247BMTL04-07302442251816761990 3024CT12.2885(6668)(57)(99)(66)(78)(7.6)(1950)247B2MTL07-10349742251816761990C2.2T0-11.3929(7710)(56)(8'3")(5'6")6'6"(0-7.0)(2050)247B3MTL10-15317442251816761990 Cat C2.2T 11.3975(6997)(56)(99.0) (66.0) (78.0)(7.0)(2150)257CMM02-043460442701167620223034 T12.11046(7628)(59)(106)(66)(80)(7.5)(2306)257BSLK04-07342842270116762022 3024CT11.41047(7559)(57)(106)(66)(80)(7.1)(2310)257B2SLK7-10390642270116762022C2.2T0-11.31134(8611)(56) (8'10") (5'6")6'7"(0-7.0)(2500)257B3B7H10-13365653271816762035 Cat C3.4 16.11213(8060)(71)(107)(66)(80)DIT(10.0)(2675)267CMP01-0441344429231898207430349.71315(9088)(59)(115)(75)(82)(6.0)(2900)267BCYC04-074250522923189820743044C11.21315(9371)(70)(115)(75)(82)DIT(7.0)(2900)277CNC01-044148552923189820743034 T9.71338(9126)(74)(115)(75)(82)(6.0)(2950)277BMDH04-074269582923189820743044C11.21338(9411)(78)(115)(75)(82)DIT(7.0)(2950)277CJWF08-13430761297419812115 Cat C3.4 14.91451(9495)(82)(117.2)(78)(83.2)DIT(9.3)(3200)277C2MET12-13430754297419812115 Cat C3.4 14.91451(9495)(73)(117.2)(78)(83.2)DIT(9.3)(3200)287CNY03-044471552900196221223034 T11.01587(9870)(74)(114)(77)(84)(7.0)(3500)287BZSA04-074660582900196221223044C11.21632(10,275)(78)(114)(77)(84)DIT(7.0)(3600)287CMAS08-13451761297419812115 Cat C3.4 14.91724(9958)(82)(117.2)(78)(83.2)DIT(9.3)(3800)287C2SSB12-13451754297419812115 Cat C3.4 14.91724(9958)(73)(117.2)(78)(83.2)DIT(9.3)(3800)297CGCP07-12487067297419812115C3.49.01060(10,736)(90)(108)(78)(83)DIT(5.6)(2337)14.9297D(9.2)BE714-15459071315519352125 Cat C3.8 15.12063(10,120)(95) (124.2) (76.2) (83.6)DIT(9.4)(4550)297D XHPHP714-15490579315519352125 Cat C3.8 15.12268(10,815)(106) (124.2) (76.2) (83.6)DIT(9.4)(5000)*With 457 mm (18") wide track.23-43Former Models Compact Track LoadersCOMPACT TRACK LOADERSModel 259B3*Product Ident. No.PrefixYYZYears Built10-13279CMBT10-13279C2KWB12-13289CJMP10-13289C2RTD12-13299CJSP10-13299DHCL12-13299D XHPNLC12-13299DGTC13-15299D XHPJST13-15*Configured with 320 mm (12.6") tracks.Approx. Machine Weightkg (lb)4052 (8934) 4487 (9892) 4475 (9865) 4702 (10,365) 4687 (10,332) 4867 (10,730) 4943 (10,898) 5283 (11,647) 4862 (10,718) 5267 (11,612)Net Power kW (hp)53 (71) 61 (82) 54 (73) 61 (82) 54 (73) 67 (90) 71 (95) 79 (106) 71 (95) 79 (106)Length toCoupler mm (in)2722 (107) 2960 (116.5) 2960 (116.5) 2960 (116.5) 2960 (116.5) 3101.0 (122.1) 3138 (123.5) 3138 (123.5) 3136 (123.5) 3136 (123.5)Width over Tracks mm (in)1676 (66) 1981 (78) 1981 (78) 1981 (78) 1981 (78) 1981 (78) 1931 (76) 1931 (76) 1931 (76) 1931 (76)Height to Top of Cab mm (in)1986 (78) 2117 (83.3) 2117 (83.3) 2117 (83.3) 2117 (83.3) 2117 (83.3) 2104 (82.8) 2104 (82.8) 2127 (83.7) 2127 (83.7)Engine ModelCat C3.4 DITCat C3.4 DITCat C3.4 DITCat C3.4 DITCat C3.4 DITCat C3.4 DITCat C3.8 DITCat C3.8 DITCat C3.8 DITCat C3.8 DITTop Travel Speed km/h (mph)13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.6 (8.5) 13.5 (8.4) 13.5 (8.4)Rated Operating Capacity at50% kg (lb)1338 (2950) 1451 (3200) 1383 (3050) 1746 (3850) 1656 (3650) 1882 (4150) 1928 (4250) 1882 (4150) 1928 (4250) 2109 (4650)23-44Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS (Track)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)205 LC(3HC)84-89Deutz-67 13 1351.8953.007.302.408.173290205B(4DC)Perkins®-71 (28,957) (6'2.5") (9'10") (23'11") (7'10") (26'10")(7300)235ZF90-928012 900 1.8952.9767.672.4958.93740(28,443) (6'2.5")(9'9")(25'2")(8'2")(29'2")(8250)211 LC(4EC)84-89 Deutz-84 15 5402.083.028.012.499.884240(5CC)Perkins-94 (34,260) (6'9.9") (9'11") (26'3")(8'2")(32'5")(9340)213 LC3ZC83-8710217 3002.083.088.342.4910.305127(38,140) (6'10") (10'1") (27'4")(8'2") (33'9.5") (11,305)215(96L)76-808517 4501.923.108.942.479.255090(57Z) (14Z) 79-8490(38,480) (6'4")(10'1") (29'4")(8'0")(30'4")(11,200)215 SA(57Y) (14Z) 82-849019 4402.183.228.942.739.235130(42,860) (7'2")(10'6") (29'4") (8'11") (30'3")(11,300)215B LC(9YB)84-8710518 5101.923.108.942.449.255760(40,806) (6'4")(10'2") (29'4")(8'0")(30'4")(12,700)215C LC(4HG)87-8911519 5701.923.18.942.429.297070(43,150) (6'4")(10'2") (29'4") (7'11") (30'6")(15,200)215D LC(9TF)89-9212519 9001.923.29.02.449.236830(43,900) (6'4")(10'6") (24'6")(8'0")(30'3")(14,700)219(5CF)87-8913021 1202.183.128.942.7310.397080(46,550) (7'2")(10'3") (29'4") (8'11") (34'1")(15,300)219D(5XG)89-9214021 6002.183.129.412.739.757670(47,500) (7'2")(10'3") (30'10") (8'11") (32'0")(16,500)219 LC(5CF)87-8913022 0202.183.128.942.7310.397080(48,550) (7'2")(10'3") (29'4") (8'11") (34'1")(15,300)219D LC(5XG)89-9214022 4002.183.129.412.739.757670(49,300) (7'2")(10'3") (30'10") (8'11") (32'0")(16,500)225 LC(51U)72-8613523 9002.643.179.832.999.587300(52,700) (8'8")(10'5") (32'3") (9'10") (31'5")(15,600)225 SA(51U)77-8613527 1252.643.179.833.359.557340(59,800) (8'8")(10'5") (32'3") (11'0") (31'4")(15,700)225B(2ZD)86-8914524 9602.443.179.832.9910.1611 040(3YD)87-89(55,030) (8'0")(10'5") (32'3") (9'10") (33'4")(26,100)225D(6RG)89-9115025 4002.443.239.942.9910.13--(55,900) (8'0")(10'7") (32'7") (9'10") (33'3")--225B LC(2ZD)86-8914526 1402.443.179.832.9910.1611 040(3YD)87-89(58,230) (8'0")(10'5") (32'3") (9'10") (33'4")(26,100)225D LC(2SJ)89-9116526 7002.443.239.942.9910.1312 450(58,900) (8'0")(10'7") (32'7") (9'10") (33'3")(26,900)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-45Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)229(1GF)86-8914529 140(1AF)86-89(64,830)229 LC(1GF)86-8918033 540Custom 180(73,940)229D(2LJ)89-9115731 700(69,900)231D90-9220034 300(75,600)231D LC90-9220035 500(78,100)235(32K)73-8619539 320(64R)(86,700)235B(7WC)86-8821540 960(9PC)(89,700)235C(4DG) (5AF) 88-9225042 140(2PG) (3WG)(92,800)235D(8KJ)92-9325046 270(8TJ)(103,780)235D LC(8KJ)92-9325049 270(8TJ)(108,620)245(82X)74-8832565 745(84X)(144,941)245B6MF88-9236065 2001SJ(143,500)245D(4LK)92-9338568 420(7ZJ)(150,520)E703BG87-895265003CG87-89(14,300)E70B7YF(JPN) 89-945467605TG(OSJ) 89-94(14,900)6AK(OSJ) 92-94E1103FG87-897410 7003GG87-89(23,600)E110B9HF(OSJ) 90-927911 6008MF(JPN) 90-92(25,600)5GK(OSJ) 90-92***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Lift capacity at 7.5 m (25'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.Track Gaugem (ft)2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.69 (8'10") 2.69 (8'10") 2.69 (8'10") 2.69 (8'10") 3.30 (10'10") 3.24 (10'7") 3.24 (10'7") 3.24 (10'7") 1.65 (5'5") 1.75 (5'9")1.9 (6'3") 1.99 (6'6")Height* m (ft)3.38 (11'1")3.38 (11'1")3.52 (11'7")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.40 (11'2")3.40 (11'2")3.50 (11'4")3.50 (11'5")3.60 (11'9")4.62 (15'2")4.78 (15'8")5.46 (17'11")2.59 (8'6") 2.56 (8'5")Length* m (ft)9.83 (32'3") 11.02 (36'2")10.9 (35'9") 10.83 (35'6") 10.83 (35'6") 11.27 (37'0") 11.27 (37'0") 11.50 (37'7") 11.50 (37'7") 11.60 (38'1") 13.18 (43'3") 13.13 (43'1") 12.82 (42'0")6.02 (19'9")6.09 (20'0")2.73 (8'11")2.70 (8'10")7.345 (24'0")7.25 (23'9")Width m (ft)3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.25 (10'8")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.45 (11'4")3.79 (12'5")3.71 (12'2")3.61 (11'10")3.61 (11'10")2.25 (7'5") 2.32 (7'7")2.5 (8'2") 2.495 (8'2")Max. Reach**m (ft)10.11 (33'2") 11.35 (37'3") 10.76 (35'4") 11.20 (36'9") 11.20 (36'9") 11.23 (36'10") 11.23 (36'10") 12.00 (39'5") 12.00 (39'5") 11.97 (39'3") 14.02 (46'0") 14.02 (46'0") 13.84 (45'9")6.67 (21'10")6.72 (22'1")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)-- -- 7940 (17,100) 8300 (18,300) 15 300 (33,000) 15 300 (33,000) 7050 (17,300) 9934 (21,900) 14 720 (35,000) 14 840 (35,200) 15 070 (35,700) 14 930 (32,920) -- -- 14 640 (31,600) 1300 (2750) 1315 (2900)7.93 (26'0")8.10 (26'7")2700 (5750) 3350 (7200)23-46Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)E1201LF(OSJ) 87-898412 2001.992.7757.662.4908.5838501MF(JPN) 87-89(26,800) (6'6")(9'1")(25'1")(8'2")(28'2")(8300)E120B7NF(OSJ) 90-928412 6801.992.707.622.4958.7443106JF(JPN) 90-92(28,200) (6'6")(8'10") (25'10") (8'2")(28'8")(9250)E1404XK(OSJ) 90-92231PF(JPN) 87-948913 9701.992.898.292.555.4943801NF(OSJ)(30,800) (6'6")(9'6")(27'6")(8'4")(18'0")(9650)E200B6KF(OSJ) 87-9111818 8002.202.979.482.8310.6381004SG(JPN) 87-91(41,400) (7'3")(9'9")(3'11")(9'4") (34'10") (17,350)EL200B7DF(OSJ) 87-9111820 1002.382.979.483.1810.6381505EG(JPN) 87-91(44,300) (7'10")(9'9")(31'1") (10'5") (34'10") (17,600)E2401FG(OSJ) 87-8914823 0002.393.029.733.1910.698002HF(JPN) 87-89(50,700) (7'10") (9'11") (31'11") (10'6") (34'9") (21,600)E240B8SF(OSJ) 89-9214823 0002.393.029.733.1910.698009PF(JPN)(50,700) (7'10") (9'11") (31'11") (10'6") (34'9") (21,600)E240C2RL(OSJ) 92-9314823 0002.393.029.733.1910.698008MK(JPN)(50,700) (7'10") (9'11") (31'11") (10'6") (34'9") (21,600)EL2404JF(OSJ) 87-8914823 6002.583.029.733.3810.611 3004MF(JPN) 87-89(52,000) (8'6")(9'11") (31'11") (11'1") (34'9") (24,300)EL240B5WG(OSJ) 89-9214823 6002.583.029.733.3810.610 3206MG(JPN)(52,000) (8'6")(9'11") (31'11") (11'1") (34'9") (22,750)EL240C9PK(OSJ) 92-9314823 6002.583.029.733.3810.610 3209NK(JPN)(52,000) (8'6")(9'11") (31'11") (11'1") (34'9") (22,750)E3002CF(OSJ) 87-8918730 5002.63.2210.943.411.8412 5501KG(JPN) 87-89(67,300) (8'6")(10'7") (35'11") (11'2") (38'9") (27,650)E300B1WJ(OSJ) 90-9120630 2002.63.2210.943.411.8412 4502HJ(JPN) 90-91(66,580) (8'6")(10'7") (35'11") (11'2") (38'9") (26,850)EL3004NF(OSJ) 87-8918731 6002.63.2210.943.411.8412 5504SF(JPN) 87-89(69,700) (8'6")(10'7") (35'11") (11'2") (38'9") (27,650)EL300B3FJ(OSJ) 90-9120631 2002.63.2210.943.411.8412 4501GK(JPN) 90-91(68,780) (8'6")(10'7") (35'11") (11'2") (38'9") (26,850)E4503HG(OSJ) 87-9327646 0002.893.4911.963.1513.0810 9003JG(JPN) 87-93(101,430) (9'6")(11'5") (39'3") (10'4") (42'11") (23,500)E6503KG(OSJ) 87-9237562 6003.254.8414.03.4913.3315 8503LG(JPN) 87-92(138,000) (10'8") (15'11") (45'11") (11'5") (43'9") (34,000)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-47Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)301.53YW98-0517.416500.75(3640)(2'6")301.6BDH00-0517.416900.75(3726)(2'6")301.8BFA00-0517.417250.75(3803)(2'6")302.54AZ99-0522.927301.15(6020)(3'9")303 CRDMA01-0526.132101.25(7077)(4'1")303C CRBXT06-1029.575731.25(3435)(4'1")303.5AFW99-022574301.25DCH01-02(7546)(4'1")303.5C CRDMY06-1038.937901.48(8356) (4'10")303.5D CRRHP10-123037701.48(8300) (4'10")303.5E CRRKY11-31.638001.48(8380) (4'10")304 CRNAD02-0535.543001.58(9480)(5'2")304C CRFPK06-1041.648001.58(10,582) (5'2")304D CRTYK10-123940801.60(8995)(5'3")304E CRTTN11-154040001.6(8820)(5'3")304.5ANK99-023844751.5WAK01-02(9866) (4'11")305 CRDSA01-034248001.58(10,582) (5'2")DGT03-054248001.58(10,582) (5'2")305C CRHWJ06-1046.952001.58(11,464) (5'2")305D CRXER10-114252601.58(11,600) (5'2")305E CRXFA11-144052101.58305.5D CRFLZ10-12(11,490) (5'2")4755601.58(12,260) (5'2")305.5E CRFKY11-1444.254801.58(12,080) (5'2")***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.* **Lift capacity at 3 m (10'0") over front, blade down, one-piece boom, longest stick.Height* m (ft)2.19 (7'2") 2.19 (7'2") 2.19 (9'8")2.3 (7'7") 2.48 (8'2")2.5 (8'2") 2.44 (8'0")2.5 (8'2")2.5 (8'2")2.5 (8'2")2.6 (8'6") 2.55 (8'4")2.5 (8'2")2.5 (8'2")2.5 (8'4")2.6 (8'6")2.6 (8'6") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4")Length* m (ft)3.69 (12'1")3.69 (12'1")3.69 (12'1")4.52 (14'10")4.68 (15'4")4.73 (15'6")5.07 (16'6")4.82 (15'10")4.73 (15'6")4.73 (15'6")5.18 (17'0")5.17 (17'0")4.82 (15'10")4.82 (15'10")5.7 (18'8")5.37 (17'7")5.37 (17'7")5.33 (17'6")5.18 (17'0")5.18 (17'0")5.33 (17'6")5.33 (17'6")Width m (ft)0.98 (3'3") 0.98 (3'3") 0.98 (3'3") 1.45 (4'9") 1.55 (5'1") 15.5 (5'1") 1.55 (5'1") 17.8 (5'10") 1.78 (5'10") 1.78 (5'10") 1.98 (6'6") 19.8 (6'6") 1.95 (6'5") 1.95 (6'5")1.9 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 19.8 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6")Max. Reach**m (ft)3.8 (12'6")3.8 (12'6")3.8 (12'6")4.83 (15'10")5.39 (17'8")5.1 (16'9")5.54 (18'2")5.35 (17'7")5.32 (17'5")5.32 (17'5")5.95 (19'6")5.46 (17'11")5.47 (18'0")5.47 (18'0")6.05 (19'10")6.14 (20'2")6.14 (20'2")5.65 (18'6")5.81 (19'1")5.81 (19'1")6.02 (19'9")6.02 (19'9")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)380 (830) 370 (810) 370 (810) 870 (1910) 1200 (2646) 1200 (2646) 1030 (2270) 1630 (3594) 1340 (2950) 1340 (2950) 2250 (5000) 2250 (5000) 1570 (3460) 1570 (3460) 1600 (3630) 2550 (5622) 2550 (5622) 2550 (5622) 2250 (4960) 2250 (4960) 2480 (5470) 2490 (5490)23-48Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)3072WM94-985476001.752.616.32.46.382450(16,760) (5'9")(8'7")(20'8") (7'11") (20'11")(5400)2PM(OSJ) 94-985467401.752.636.082.286.721350(14,860) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(22'1")(3000)9ZL(JPN) 94-975466501.752.636.082.286.72135023(14,660) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(22'1")(3000)307B5CW(OSJ) 98-005469601.752.636.082.286.721350(15,340) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(22'1")(3000)4RW(JPN) 97-005465001.752.646.082.286.721350(14,330) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(22'1")(3000)307B SBAFB99-0040/5475001.752.96.752.287.011410(16,530) (5'9")(9'6")(22'2")(7'6")(23'0")(3100)6KZ(OSJ) 98-0140/5480401.752.646.732.287.4215007DZ(JPN)(17,730) (5'9")(8'8")(22'1")(7'6")(24'4")(3300)307C(BCM)00-095472101.752.786.072.296.85947(15,900) (5'9")(9'1")(19'11")(7'6")(22'6")(2100)BAJ00-085464501.752.636.072.296.341052(14,220) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6") (20'10")(2300)307C SB(BNE)00-075483901.752.636.792.297.55822(18,500) (5'9")(8'8")(22'3")(7'6")(24'9")(1800)307DDSG07-1255.670751.842.636.072.296.673650(15,600) (6'0")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(21'11")(8050)307EH1Y12-55.671601.752.636.072.296.164200(15,785) (5'9")(8'8")(19'11")(7'6")(20'3")(9260)308B CR3YS(JPN) 99-025476501.852.615.772.36.91600(16,870) (6'1")(8'7")(18'11")(7'7")(22'8")(3500)308C CR(KCX)02-075480401.872.615.832.476.9947(17,730) (6'2")(8'7")(19'2")(8'1")(22'8")(2100)CPE01-085473901.872.615.832.326.391135(16,290) (6'2")(8'7")(19'2")(7'7")(21'0")(2500)308D CRGBT07-1255.678501.872.635.812.326.713650(17,310) (6'2")(8'7")(19'1")(7'7")(22'0")(8050)308D SBFYC07-1255.684001.872.596.452.327.433200(18,520) (6'2")(8'6")(21'2")(7'7")(24'5")(7055)308E SBGBJ11-136583301.872.556.382.327.353610(18,365) (6'2")(8'4") (20'11") (7'7")(24'1")(7960)3119LJ(OSJ) 93-967911 1001.992.767.252.498.13100(24,470) (6'6")(9'1")(23'9")(8'2")(26'7")(6800)5PK(JPN) 93-967911 0501.992.767.252.498.103100(24,360) (6'6")(9'1")(23'9")(8'2")(26'7")(6800)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.* **Lift capacity at 3 m (10'0") over front, blade down, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-49Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)311B2LS(blade) 96-017911 890(OSJ)(26,210)2MS(blade) 96-017911 900(JPN)(26,230)8GR(OSJ) 96-017911 130(24,540)8HR(JPN) 96-017911 200(24,690)311C U(CKE)01-077911 980(26,410)CLK01-077911 500(25,350)311D RRAKW(JPN) 08-148011 930(26,310)311D LRR CLA(OSJ) 08-138012 480DDW08-09(27,520)(PNJ)10-13LKA09-12KRM(OSJ) 10-143126BL93-978412 6006GK(OSJ) 93-96(27,780)7DK(JPN) 93-968412 000(26,460)312B6SW98-018413 000(28,660)9GR(OSJ) 98-018412 440(27,430)9HR(JPN) 98-008412 150(26,790)9NW(blade) 98-0166/8813 785(30,390)2NS(blade) 98-0166/8813 200(OSJ)(29,100)3ES(blade) 98-008412 900(JPN)(28,440)312B L9FS97-018413 270(29,260)8JR(OSJ) 98-0166/8812 940(28,530)2KW(blade) 97-018414 055(30,990)3FS(blade) 98-0166/8813 720(OSJ)(30,250)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.*Track Gaugem (ft) 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6")1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6")Height* m (ft)2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.77 (9'1") 2.765 (9'1") 2.86 (9'5") 2.86 (9'5")Length* m (ft)7.25 (23'9")7.25 (23'9")7.25 (23'9")7.25 (23'9")6.92 (22'8")6.88 (22'7")6.84 (22'5")6.91 (22'8")2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.91 (9'7") 2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.91 (9'7") 2.76 (9'1") 2.76 (9'1") 2.91 (9'7") 2.76 (9'1") 2.91 (9'7") 2.76 (9'1")7.6 (24'11")7.6 (24'11")7.59 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")7.59 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")7.59 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")7.59 (24'11")7.595 (24'11")Width m (ft)2.495 (8'2")2.5 (8'2") 2.495 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2")2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.495 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.495 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6")Max. Reach**m (ft)8.1 (26'7")8.1 (26'7")8.1 (26'7")8.1 (26'7") 8.225 (27'0")7.7 (25'3")8.1 (26'7")8.1 (26'7")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)3080 (6800) 3100 (6800) 3120 (6900) 3100 (6800) 1295 (2900) 1453 (3200) 3350 (7150) 3900 (8350)8.63 (28'4")8.63 (28'4")8.3 (27'3") 8.625 (28'4") 8.625 (28'4")8.3 (27'3") 8.625 (28'4") 8.625 (28'4")8.3 (27'3") 8.625 (28'4")8.3 (27'3") 8.625 (28'4")4200 (9300) 4050 (8900) 4590 (10,110) 4170 (9200) 4050 (8900) 4940 (10,900) 4230 (9300) 4200 (9300) 5000 (11,000) 4930 (10,900) 5050 (11,100) 4920 (10,800)23-50Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)312CBNN(FDS) 01-079012 8601.992.767.572.598.741402(28,350) (6'6")(9'1") (24'10") (8'6")(28'8")(3100)CAE00-9012 2001.992.757.572.498.31448(26,900) (6'6")(9'0") (24'10") (8'2")(27'3")(3200)BNN01-71/9613 0001.992.917.592.498.3435023(28,665) (6'6")(9'6") (24'11") (8'2")(27'3")(10,120)312C LCBT(CBA) 01-079013 1401.992.767.572.598.741439(28,970) (6'6")(9'1") (24'10") (8'6")(28'8")(3200)CBT01-71/9613 2701.992.917.592.598.35040(29,260) (6'6")(9'6") (24'11") (8'6")(27'3")(11,025)312DHCW(OSJ) 08-129013 1201.992.837.612.498.624300HJX08-11(28,930) (6'6")(9'3")(25'0")(8'2")(28'3")(9250)PHH09-11DLP(CHN) 08-12LRK(CHN) 10-12RHL(OSJ) 10-14312D LJBC(OSJ) 08-129013 6501.992.837.612.498.625000(XGK)10-11(30,100) (6'6")(9'3")(25'0")(8'2")(28'3")(10,750)KCD08-11TGY08-08SKA11-11RKF09-11KES(OSJ) 10-14313B CRBAS(OSJ) 00-028913 2251.992.827.172.498.553900(29,160) (6'6")(9'3")(23'6")(8'2")(28'1")(8600)AEX(JPN) 99-028912 7501.992.827.172.498.243900(28,110) (6'6")(9'3")(23'6")(8'2")(27'0")(8600)313C CRHGF(JPN) 01-0812 6001.992.827.282.498.633600(27,780) (6'6")(9'3") (23'11") (8'2")(28'4")(7700)313C SRWSA(JPN) 02-0813 9001.992.827.482.497.233400(30,650) (6'6")(9'3")(24'7")(8'2")(23'9")(7250)313DKXD(CHN) 12-129013 4301.992.837.612.498.224150WPK(CHN) 12-13(29,610) (6'6")(9'3")(25'0")(8'2")(27'0")(8900)313D SRLBR(JPN) 08-127714 4001.992.87.492.497.233450(31,750) (6'6")(9'3")(24'7")(8'2")(23'9")(7400)314C CR(KJA)02-029014 6101.992.817.282.598.7651351(32,210) (6'6")(9'3") (23'11") (8'6")(28'9")(3000)KHB01-9013 5001.992.817.282.498.321527(29,760) (6'6")(9'3") (23'11") (8'2")(27'4")(3400)314C LCR(PCA)02-029014 8101.992.737.412.598.7651372(32,650) (6'6")(9'0")(24'4")(8'6")(28'9")(3000)314D CRPDP(OSJ) 08-138714 0001.992.917.272.498.634250MFK(JPN) 08-12(30,870) (6'6")(9'7") (23'10") (8'2")(28'4")(9100)WLN(OSJ) 10-14314D LCR BYJ(OSJ) 08-138714 1001.992.917.272.498.634950SBP08-09(31,090) (6'6")(9'7") (23'10") (8'2")(28'4")(10,600)(SSZ)10-12TXN10-12XHR(OSJ) 10-14***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.*23-51Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)3153ZM95-989915 920(35,100)4YM(OSJ) 94-979916 330(36,000)6XM(JPN) 94-979915 330(33,800)315 L6YM(OSJ) 94-979915 920(35,100)315B1SW(OSJ) 97-019916 300(35,940)2DW(JPN) 97-019915 850(34,940)315B L5SW98-9916 700(36,820)3AW(OSJ) 97-0180/10716 7007RZ(forest)(36,820)(OSJ)315C(CFB)01-0211016 400(36,160)CFL01-11016 000(35,270)AKE03-0711016 399(36,160)315C L(CFT)01-0211016 750(36,930)CJC03-0711016 748(36,930)ANF0383/11116 770(36,970)315D LCJN(OSJ) 07-1211317 280BYK(JPN) 07-11(38,100)NCM07-11KBD07-09(JGS)10-11TLE09-11BZN(OSJ) 09-13JHA(CHN) 10-12YTB09-123174MM95-989917 260(38,050)317B L9WW98-81/10917 300(38,146)317 N9SR96-989917 220(37,960)317B LN6DZ98-81/11017 300(38,146)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.Track Gaugem (ft) 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.995 (6'7") 1.99 (6'6")1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'6")2.15 (7'1")2.2 (7'3") 1.99 (6'6") 1.995 (6'5")Height* m (ft)2.88 (9'5") 2.88 (9'5") 2.88 (9'5") 2.88 (9'5") 2.88 (9'5") 2.88 (9'5")3.0 (9'10")2.88 (9'5")Length* m (ft)8.5 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.41 (27'7")8.47 (27'10")2.99 (9'10")2.95 (9'8") 2.88 (9'5") 2.99 (9'10") 2.88 (9'5") 2.76 (9'0") 3.03 (9'9")8.52 (27'11")8.52 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.52 (27'11")8.5 (27'11")8.39 (27'6")8.54 (28'0")2.88 (9'5") 3.04 (9'10") 2.88 (9'5") 3.04 (9'10")8.5 (27'11")8.41 (27'6")8.5 (27'11")8.41 (27'6")Width m (ft)2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.59 (8'6") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.59 (8'6")2.59 (8'6") 2.49 (8'2") 2.49 (8'2") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.49 (8'2") 2.59 (8'6")2.75 (9'0")2.8 (9'2") 2.75 (9'0") 2.49 (8'2")Max. Reach**m (ft)8.21 (26'11")9.14 (30'0")9.14 (30'0")8.74 (28'8")9.14 (30'0")9.14 (30'0")9.02 (29'7")9.14 (30'0")Lift Capacity***kg (lb) 5300 (11,700) 5290 (11,700)--6320 (13,900)5500 (12,100)--6720 (14,800)6600 (14,600)9.29 (30'6")8.9 (29'2")9.14 (30'0")9.29 (30'6")9.14 (30'0")9.09 (29'9")9.24 (30'3")1675 (3700) 1840 (4100) 5650 (12,100) 1719 (3800) 6750 (14,450) 7110 (15,675) 7100 (15,100)8.62 (28'3")9.1 (29'8")8.62 (28'3")9.1 (29'8")4210 (9300) 7100 (15,655) 6450 (14,200) 7100 (15,655)23-52Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)318B L9WW98-86/11517 7002.23.028.672.88.948440(39,020) (7'3")(9'11") (28'5")(9'2")(29'4")(18,600)3LR(OSJ) 99-0286/11518 3902.23.058.722.89.777650(40,540) (7'3")(10'0") (28'7")(9'2")(32'0")(16,900)ADC99-86/11518 5002.23.048.692.89.6760023(40,792) (7'3")(9'10") (28'6")(9'2")(31'6")(16,760)(3LR)01-0286/11518 3602.22.838.692.89.782200(40,480) (7'3")(9'3")(28'6")(9'2")(32'1")(4900)318B LN6DZ98-86/11517 1601.9953.028.672.4958.947590(37,830) (6'7")(9'11") (28'5")(8'2")(29'4")(16,700)7KZ(OSJ) 99-0286/11518 2602.23.058.722.599.777600(40,260) (7'3")(10'0") (28'7")(8'6")(32'1")(16,800)AEJ99-86/11518 5001.9953.048.692.499.67580(40,792) (6'7")(9'10") (28'6")(8'2")(31'6")(16,710)(7KZ)01-0286/11517 9901.9953.058.722.499.782200(39,660) (6'7")(10'0") (28'7")(8'2")(32'1")(4900)318CBTG0394/12719 5602.22.98.92.89.667850(43,120) (7'2")(9'9")(29'2")(9'2")(31'8")(17,305)318C LDAH(MDY) 02-0794/12720 1602.22.98.92.89.668950(44,445) (7'2")(9'9")(29'2")(9'2")(31'8")(19,730)318C NFAA(GPA) 02-0794/12719 2801.992.98.92.499.667730(42,505) (6'6")(9'9")(29'2")(8'2")(31'8")(17,040)318D LZKJ(CHN) 12-1311317 6201.993.038.542.598.966850(38,850) (6'6")(9'9")(28'0")(8'6")(29'5")(14,700)319C LNKGL0494/12720 0801.992.98.92.499.667730(44,269) (6'6")(9'9")(29'2")(9'2")(31'8")(17,040)319D LEAW(OSJ) 08-1312119 4602.23.158.822.89.829150BZH07-09(42,910) (7'3")(10'4") (28'11") (9'2")(32'3")(19,700)(ZCA)10-12ZGZ09-11AYF11-12KRM(OSJ) 11-13319D LNFMH(OSJ) 08-1312119 1701.993.158.822.499.829150DAY08-09(42,270) (6'6")(10'4") (28'11") (8'2")(32'3")(19,700)(KFM)10-12WBJ09-11RJP11-12***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-53Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)3207WK(OSJ) 91-9612819 1202DL(OSJ)(42,150)8LG(OSJ)7GJ(JPN)3XM(JPN)4ZJ(GOS)320 L1TL(OSJ) 91-9612820 3709KK(OSJ)(44,910)8HJ(JPN)4JM(JPN)3XK(GOS)320 N1XM(OSJ) 94-9612820 0509WG(GOS)(44,150)320 S6KM320B3MR96-0012819 4005BR(42,770)1XS320B L4MR96-0012820 7206CR(45,680)7JR320B N4NR96-0012819 9302AS(43,940)320B LN3YZ96-00128320CMAB03-0610320 870(46,010)320C LANB99-0710321 415PAB(47,212)TBRSAH320C UMAC03-0510322 300(49,163)320C LUPAC02-0710323 000(50,706)320DAZR05-1510321 000CXY(46,300)EBTBWZFALA6FBZPJFZSNSKLMKTFPCMKHNMZD***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Without bucket.Track Gaugem (ft) 2.2 (7'3")2.38 (7'10")1.90 (6'6")2.2 (7'2.6")2.38 (7'9.7")2.2 (7'2.6")2.2 (7'3") 2.38 (7'10")2.2 (7'3") 2.38 (7'10")2.2 (7'3")Height* m (ft)2.93 (9'7")Length* m (ft)9.37 (30'9)Width m (ft)2.8 (9'2")Max. Reach**m (ft)10.63 (34'9")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)6200 (17,700)2.93 (9'7")9.37 (30'9")3.18 (10'5")10.63 (34'9")8150 (17,600)2.93 (9'7")9.37 (30'9")2.59 (8'6")10.63 (34'9")3.019.46(9'10.5") (31'.4")2.8 (9'2.2")10.77 (35'4")3.019.463.1810.77(9'10.5") (31'.4") (10'5.2") (35'4")3.019.46(9'10.5") (31'.4")2.5 (8'2.4")10.77 (35'4")3.01 (9'11")3.01 (9'11")9.39 (30'10")9.39 (30'10")2.8 (9'2") 2.98 (9'9")9.71 (31'10")9.71 (31'10")8150 (17,600)8600 (19,000)9200 (20,300)9100 (20,100)8810 (19,423)9550 (21,054)3.01 (9'11")3.01 (9'11")3.03 (9'10")8.73 (28'8")8.92 (29'3")9.46 (31'0")2.8 (9'2") 2.98 (9'9")2.8 (9'2")9.86 (32'4")9.86 (32'4")10 (32'10")9300 (20,503)9600 (21,164) 9000 (19,800)23-54Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)320D LBWP05-1510321 9002.383.039.462.9810.010 250DHK(48,300) (7'10") (9'10") (31'0")(9'9") (32'10") (22,600)MDEFNADFB23KGFA8FMGGPHXA9FWJNTDHSPNGDPKZF320D LNKAF06-1110321 2002.03.039.492.59.78N/AWBN(46,700) (6'7")(9'10") (31'2")(8'2")(32'1")PCX320D RRAMR05-1510322 7002.23.018.772.89.789050RBL(50,045) (7'3")(9'11") (28'9")(9'2")(32'1")(19,952)GKLGMXYDSWFD320D LRRCWN05-1510323 3002.383.018.962.989.7810 600SCW(51,368) (7'10") (9'11") (29'5")(9'9")(32'1")(23,369)FXKHJCEBYTAEXCKDHEZGBEJT320ESHX13-1410720 9002.23.159.542.89.869450(46,100) (7'3")(10'3") (31'4")(9'9")(32'4")(20,350)320E LWBK10-1611421 7002.383.159.542.989.8611 650TNJ(47,800) (7'10") (10'3") (31'4")(9'9")(32'4")(25,700)NAZ10-1610721 7002.383.159.542.989.8611 650(47,800) (7'10") (10'3") (31'4")(9'9")(32'4")(25,700)320E LNDFG11-1410722 5002.03.159.572.549.8510 600(49,500) (6'7")(10'3") (31'5")(8'4")(32'4")(22,900)320E LRRPNL11-1511423 8002.383.158.972.989.8611 550(52,470) (7'10") (10'3") (29'5")(9'9")(32'4")(24,800)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Without bucket.23-55Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)321BCRAKG(JPN) 98-0112819 400(42,770)321B LCR 9CZ(JPN) 98-0112822 500(49,600)KGA(OSJ) 02-0212823 100(50,930)321C CRDAX03-0610322 830(50,332)321C LCRKBB02-0710324 000MCF(52,911)KCR321D CRJCX07-1410323 000(50,700)321D L CRKBH07-1510323 780KBZ(52,400)MDTMPGNASPBDTXA322*7WL(OSJ) 93-9615322 6507WL(JPN)(50,000)322B8MR96-0115322 7603NR96-00(50,180)322 L*8CL(OSJ) 93-9615323 9508CL(JPN)(52,800)322B L8NR96-0115323 9905CR96-00(52,890)322CDAA03-0512123 000(50,706)322C LBGR01-0216524 200BFK02-06(53,400)FED02-0512124 200(53,352)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.Track Gaugem (ft) 2.2 (7'3") 2.38 (7'10") 2.38 (7'10") 2.2 (7'3") 2.38 (7'10")2200 (7'3") 2.38 (7'10")2.39 (7'10")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.39 (7'10") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6")Height* m (ft)3.1 (10'2")3.1 (10'2")3.1 (10'2")3.17 (10'5")3.17 (10'5")Length* m (ft)8.6 (28'3")8.8 (28'11")8.8 (28'11")8.64 (28'4")8.83 (29'0")3.03 (9'11")3.03 (9'11")8.69 (28'6")8.83 (29'0")3.12 (10'3")3.28 (10'9")3.12 (10'3")3.28 (10'9")3.12 (10'3")3.12 (10'3")3.12 (10'3")9.95 (32'8")10.0 (32'10")9.95 (32'8")10.0 (32'10")9.96 (32'8")9.96 (32'8")9.96 (32'8")Width m (ft) 2.98(9'9") 2.98 (9'9") 2.98 (9'9") 2.8 (9'2") 2.98 (9'9")2.8 (9'2") 2.98 (9'9")2.99 (9'10")2.99 (9'10")3.39 (11'1")3.39 (11'1")2.99 (9'10")3.39 (11'1")3.19 (10'6")Max. Reach**m (ft)9.68 (31'9")9.68 (31'9")9.68 (31'9")9.69 (31'9")9.69 (31'9")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)8250 (18,200) 10 300 (22,700) 10 300 (22,700)9050 (19,952) 11 000 (24,251)9.71 (31'10")9.71 (31'10")N/A11 150 (24,000)10.47 (34'4") 10.47 (34'4") 10.47 (34'4") 10.47 (34'4") 10.01 (32'10") 10.47 (34'4") 10.01 (32'10")10 400 (22,500) 10 650 (23,500) 10 400 (22,500) 11 600 (25,600) 10 750 (23,700) 11 500 (24,900) 12 000 (26,455)23-56Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)323DWNE10-1111022 2002.23.129.462.89.83N/A(48,900) (7'3")(10'3") (31'0")(9'2")(32'3")323D LPBM06-1111023 2002.383.129.462.989.8310 330SDC(51,100) (7'10") (10'3") (31'0")(9'9")(32'3")(22,800)BYM23WGCJLGLFLPBEYSDNDEZMFGTFNTFNZF323D LNCYD05-1111023 2002.03.129.462.59.8310 330RAC(50,700) (6'7")(10'3") (31'0")(8'2")(32'3")(22,800)CWG323D SDKW05-0710322 5001.93.19.462.59.44N/A(49,600) (6'3")(10'2") (31'0")(8'2")(31'0")323D SANES06-1111023 5001.93.129.52.59.9810 360SED(51,800) (6'3")(10'3") (31'2")(8'2")(32'9")(22,800)323E LRAP10-1611422 6002.383.159.542.989.8611 450(49,800) (7'10") (10'3") (31'4")(9'9")(32'4")(24,800)323E LNTDW10-1611423 3002.03.159.562.549.8511 450(51,300) (6'7")(10'3") (31'4")(8'4")(32'4")(24,800)323E SAYRP10-1611424 3001.93.239.572.549.8411 300(53,500) (6'3")(10'7") (31'5")(8'2")(32'3")(24,450)324DMND06-1414024 5502.393.4310.052.9910.55N/ACJX(54,100) (7'10") (11'3") (34'5") (9'10") (34'7")JZRAWNECH324D LJAT06-1414025 8702.593.4310.053.3910.5511 400SYM(57,000) (8'6")(11'3") (34'5") (11'1") (34'7")(25,100)PYTGPKDFPTSNT2DLKNBTKJJGLABBYE324D LNNPC06-1114025 3002.393.1710.062.9910.0513 970TRH(55,800) (7'10") (10'5") (33'0") (9'10") (34'5")(30,800)EJC***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Without bucket.23-57Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)324EJCZ11-1614224 750(54,600)324E LKTE10-1614526 310PNW(58,000)TLF324E LNLDG10-1514525 130(55,400)325*5WK(OSJ) 91-9516825 5208NL(OSJ)(56,270)8JG(JPN) 91-9516825 5205WK(JPN)(56,270)325 L*6KK(OSJ) 91-9516827 0109KL(OSJ)(59,560)7CJ(JPN) 91-9516827 0106KK(JPN)(59,560)325B L6DN(GOS) 96-0116828 890(63,690)325B LN8FN(GOS) 96-0116827 670(61,000)325C LCBR01-0618828 600CSJ(63,100)325D LA3R06-0820429 240(64,460)326D LPJM12-1414025 560(56,400)328D L CRRMX06-1515236 200JTC(79,800)MKRGTNSWFBYH***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Without bucket.Track Gaugem (ft)2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")2.39 (7'10")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.39 (7'10") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6")Height* m (ft)3.22 (10'7")3.22 (10'7")Length* m (ft)10.06 (33'0") 10.06 (33'0")3.41 (11'2")3.24 (10'8")3.24 (10'8")3.24 (10'8")3.24 (10'8")3.21 (10'6")3.21 (10'6")3.26 (10'8")3.04 (10'0")3.17 (10'5")3.37 (11'1")10.1 (33'2") 10.27 (33'8") 10.27 (33'8") 10.27 (38'8") 10.27 (38'8") 10.35 (33'11") 10.35 (33'11") 10.34 (33'11") 10.42 (34'2") 10.06 (33'0")9.82 (32'3")Width m (ft)2.99 (9'10")3.38 (11'1")2.99 (9'10")2.99 (9'10")2.99 (9'10")3.39 (11'1")3.39 (11'1")3.39 (11'1")2.99 (9'10")3.39 (11'1")3.39 (11'1")3.39 (11'1")3.44 (11'3")Max. Reach**m (ft)10.11 (33'2") 10.11 (33'2")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)12 350 (26,450) 15 350 (32,900)10.11 (33'2") 11.50 (37'7") 11.50 (37'7") 11.50 (37'7") 11.50 (37'7") 10.57 (34'8") 10.57 (34'8") 10.51 (34'6") 11.15 (36'7") 10.03 (32'11") 10.56 (34'8")15 100 (32,300) 11 100 (24,000) 11 000 (24,000) 11 650 (25,150) 11 650 (25,150) 15 460 (34,080) 15 030 (33,140) 15 600 (33,750) 15 450 (33,400) 13 900 (30,600) 12 300 (28,000)23-58Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)329DBBF08-1415828 0102.393.3310.362.9910.7213 750WDK(61,620) (7'10") (10'11") (34'0") (9'10") (35'2") (29,450)BYSDTZ329D LTAY MNB08-1515829 9702.593.3310.363.3910.7216 20023(65,920) (8'6") (10'11") (34'0") (11'1") (35'2") (35,050)DJFJHJBFCLFWRSKTPMJ9DJ8DL5GL5HTFWXDBCZFWLTTZL329D LNSCY08-1115228 8602.393.1810.412.9910.613 050EBM(63,600) (7'10") (10'5") (34'2") (9'10") (34'9") (28,800)329EPTY10-1517027 7002.393.3710.392.9910.6814 300(61,100) (7'10") (11'1") (34'1") (9'10") (35'0") (30,650)329E LRDX10-1617029 0602.593.3710.393.3910.6818 150WJK(64,100) (8'6")(11'1") (34'1") (11'1") (35'0")(3,300)ZCDPLWTST329E LNRLD10-1517028 7202.393.3710.392.9910.6818 150(63,300) (7'10") (11'1") (34'1") (9'10") (35'0") (39,300)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick. **Without bucket.23-59Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)3302ZM92-9522232 1006ZK(70,600)8RL9NG9PG9WJ330 L2EL92-9522233 5005YM(73,700)6SK6WJ8FK9ML330 LN8CK92-9522232 740(72,030)330B2RR96-0122232 5004YW(71,650)5EZ8SR9HN330B L1JS96-0122233 8001KS(74,520)3YR3ZZ4RS5LS6DR8TR330B LN5LR96-0122233 200(73,190)330CBTM01-0624733 300GAG(73,410)HAAJCDJNKMCAMKMRBH330C LCAP01-0624734 800CYA(76,720)DKYGKXJABKDD330C LNCGZ01-0624734 400(75,840)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.Track Gaugem (ft) 2.59 (8'6")2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6")2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6")2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")Height* m (ft)3.29 (10'10")Length* m (ft)11.01 (36'1")Width m (ft)3.19 (10'6")Max. Reach**m (ft)12.37 (40'6")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)14 600 (31,500)3.29 (10'10")11.01 (36'1")3.34 (10'11")12.43 (40'9")14 600 (31,500)3.29 (10'10")3.29 (10'10")11.01 (36'1") 11.06 (36'3")2.99 (9'10")3.19 (10'6")12.37 (40'6") 11.62 (38'1")14 600 (31,500) 16 450 (35,200)3.29 (10'10")11.06 (36'3")3.34 (10'11")11.69 (38'4")17 000 (36,750)3.29 (10'10")3.35 (11')11.06 (36'3") 11.14 (36'7")2.99 (9'10")3.19 (10'6")11.62 (38'1") 11.64 (38'2")16 950 (36,600) 16 900 (36,550)3.3511.143.3411.6416 900(11')(36'7") (10'11") (38'2") (36,550)3.3511.142.9911.6416 900(11')(36'7") (9'10") (38'2") (36,550)23-60Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)330DEAH06-0827033 9002.593.3411.153.1911.6417 000JJM(74,740) (8'6") (10'11") (36'7") (10'6") (38'2") (36,550)KABLCJMEY23PCKPFC330D LB6H06-0827035 1002.593.3411.153.2911.6417 000EDX(77,380) (8'6") (10'11") (36'7") (10'10") (38'2") (36,700)ERNFFKGBCHASJLPLDRLRMMAGMWPNBDNEFR2DRASRDARDKT2YTHJ330D LNGGE06-0827034 9002.393.3411.152.9911.6417 000(76,940) (7'10") (10'11") (36'7") (9'10") (38'2") (36,700)336DEMX09-1327033 9002.593.3411.153.1911.6417 000JBT(74,740) (8'6") (10'11") (36'7") (10'6") (38'2") (36,550)JERKKTPGW***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-61Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)336D LDTS09-1327035 100J2F(77,380)JBFJWRKDJLMGM2PM4TMDSMPLNLSPPNPRFPTBSKEW3KWETWRKZML336D LNL5K09-1327034 900MYG(76,940)MYP336ECMR11-1630634 600KED(76,280)336E LBMH11-1630637 300BZY(82,200)DPXFJHGTJJRJTEGYCEYEP336E LNTMZ11-1630635 700(78,700)336E HHDW13-1630634 800(76,720)336E L HGNY13-1630637 200JEA(82,000)RZA336E LN HSSL13-1630635 500(78,300)340D LJTN11-1327038 200(84,220)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.Track Gaugem (ft) 2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6")2.39 (7'10")2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.39 (7'10") 2.92 (9'7")Height* m (ft)3.34 (10'11")Length* m (ft)11.15 (36'7")Width m (ft)3.29 (10'10")Max. Reach**m (ft)11.64 (38'2")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)17 000 (36,700)3.34 (10'11")3.51 (11'6")3.51 (11'6")11.15 (36'7")11.16 (36'7") 11.16 (36'7")2.99 (9'10")3.19 (10'6")3.29 (10'10")11.64 (38'2")11.72 (38'5") 11.72 (38'5")17 000 (36,700)20 100 (43,450)3.51 (11'6")3.51 (11'6")3.51 (11'6")3.51 (11'6")3.59 (11'9")11.16 (36'7") 11.19 (36'9") 11.19 (36'9")11.19 (36'9") 11.15 (36'7")2.99 (9'10")3.19 (10'6")3.29 (10'10")2.99 (9'10")3.52 (11'7")11.72 (38'5") 11.72 (38'5") 11.72 (38'5")11.72 (38'5") 11.08 (36'4")20 550 (44,550)19 250 (41,650)19 850 (42,950) 18 520 (40,830)23-62Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* Length*mm(ft)(ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)345B4SS97-0029044 0502.743.7611.793.4913.020 850(97,100) (9'0") (12'4") (33'8") (11'5")(42'8")(45,000)345B L7KS(GOS) 98-0029047 6652.393.6811.742.9912.9721 0002SW(GOS)(105,080) (7'10") (12'1") (38'6") (9'10")(42'6")(46,300)345B LCCC(VG) 01-0532148 9602.393.8711.462.9911.6919 25023Series IIFEE(FG)(107,960) (7'10") (12'8") (37'7") (9'10")(38'4")(42,450)DET(MH)345C LELS(FG) 05-0832550 5002.393.7411.842.9911.7020 100GCL(VG)(111,350) (7'10") (12'3") (38'10") (9'10")(38'5")(44,320)345C LLYS(FG) 05-0832550 5002.393.7411.842.9911.7020 100GPH(VG)(111,350) (7'10") (12'3") (38'10") (9'10")(38'5")(44,320)FPC(VG)345DNEG38044 4902.893.9411.903.4911.709050BYW, FES(98,084) (9'6") (13'0") (39'1") (11'5")(38'5")(19,500)345D LPBT47 2002.893.9411.903.4911.709050RAE(104,060) (9'6") (13'0") (39'1") (11'5")(38'5")(19,500)BYCYEEDPA, HLCEEH, RAJRGGRDC, MLKRBT, RGD349DMEN11-1438044 4902.893.9411.93.4911.79050GKF(98,084) (9'6") (13'0") (39'1") (11'5")(38'5")(19,500)349D LNNF11-1438047 2002.893.9411.93.4911.79050KLH(104,060) (9'6") (13'0") (39'1") (11'5")(38'5")(19,500)PZGWTD)JGBKHSRBJ349E L (FG)TFG11-1431748 5002.743.7311.923.4912.1223 850MPZ(106,900) (9'0") (12'3") (39'1") (11'5")(39'9")(55,200)349E L (VG)KCN11-1431751 2002.893.5511.823.6412.0924 100DGE(112,900) (9'6") (11'8") (38'9") (11'11") (39'8")(55,700)3507RK93-9928648 0402.553.7512.23.213.4517 750(105,910) (8'4.4") (12'3.6") (40'.3") (10'6") (44'1.5")(39,100)2ZL93-9928650 0942.553.7512.23.313.4917 750(110,210) (8'4.4") (12'4") (40'0") (10'10") (44'3")(39,100)350 L9DK93-9928649 0102.553.7512.23.313.4517 750(108,050) (8'4.4") (12'3.6") (40'.3") (10'9.9") (44'1.5")(39,100)3ML93-9928651 1262.553.7512.23.313.4917 600(112,450) (8'4.4") (12'4") (40'0") (10'10") (44'3")(40,900)365B L9PZ(GOS) 99-0238566 2452.754.5712.173.5014.0429 200(146,050) (9'0") (15'0") (39'11") (11'6")(46'1")(64,370)365B LJMB(EAME) 02-0440470 2502.754.712.543.4214.0913 040Series IIDER(NACD)(154,900) (9'0") (15'5") (41'2") (11'3")(16'3")(28,750)PEG(FS)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-63Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Track) (cont'd)Model 374D LProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)PJASep 2010 355 kW71 1322.75PAX(476 hp) (156,819) (9'0")PAPReach ShippingPASBoomPACR3.63.41(11'10") (11'2")Stick Working3.8 m3 (5.0 yd3) BucketHeight* m (ft)4.48 (14'8") Reach BoomR3.6 (11'10")Stick650 mm (26 in) ShoeLength* m (ft)13.32 (43'8") Reach BoomR3.6 (11'10")StickWidth m (ft)3.5 (11'6") Transportation750 mm (30 in) Shoe375 375 L 385B L 390D L8WJ92-016NK(GOS) 92-021JM93-019WL(GOS) 92-02FDL(EAME) 01-04 RCD(NACD) CLS(EAME) MYA(NACD)WAG Nov 2010 WBT WAP428 428 428 428 513390 kW (523 hp)81 190 (178,800)79 807 (175,940)82 380 (181,500)80 700 (177,910) 89 130 (196,530)2.75 (9'0") 2.75 (9'0") 2.94 (9'7") 2.75 (9'0") 2.75 (9'0")5.24 (17'2")5.24 (17'2")5.24 (17'2")5.24 (17'2")5.16 (16'11")14.3 (46'11")13.14 (43'1")14.3 (46'11")14.29 (46'11")14.6 (47'11")3.5 (11'6")3.48 (11'5")3.84 (12'7")3.48 (11'5")3.73 (12'3")86 1902.755.1614.724.26(190,016) (9'0") (16'11") (48'4") (14'0")GP Boom Shipping GP Boom GP Boom Transpor-(27'7")(27'7") (27'7") tationR4.4m (14'5") Stick3.51 GP3.4m (11'6") (11'2") Working StickGP3.4m (11'2") Stick750 mm (30 in) Shoe4.6 m3 (6.0 yd3) HD Bucket650 mm (26 in) Shoe5090BCLD01-0451287 5003.54.6314.26EAME(192,937) (11.51) (15.19) (46.77)SJYNACD***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick (6.1 m (20'0") over front for 375/375L).3.47 (11.38)Max. Reach**m (ft) 14.23 (46'8") Reach Boom R4.67m (15'4") Stick 3.8 m3 (5.0 yd3) Bucket15.96 (52'4") 15.67 (51'5") 15.96 (52'4") 15.67 (51'5") 15.61 (51'2")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)17 300 (39,900) Reach BoomR4.67m (15'4") Stick900 mm (36 in) ShoeGround Level4.5 m (15'0") Over Front 30 300 (65,600) 23 620 (52,070) 29 550 (64,400) 23 620 (52,070) 13 810 (30,450)17.25 (56'7") Reach Boom R5.5m (18'1") Stick 3.9 m3 (5.1 yd3) Bucket10.35 (33.95)11 350 (25,900) Reach BoomR5.5m (18'1") Stick900 mm (36 in) Shoe1.5 m (5.0 ft)4.5 m (15'0") Over Front-- --23-64Hydraulic Excavators Former ModelsHYDRAULIC EXCAVATORS (Wheel)ModelProduct Ident.No. Prefix (USA)Years BuiltApprox. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)Standard Tire Size206(2RC) 84-90 Deutz-6712 1853.117.382.408.14(3GC)Perkins-71 (26,863) (10'2") (24'2.5") (7'10") (26'9")3360 (7400)Dual 9.00-20 12PR23212(3JC) 84-90 Deutz-84 13 7003.158.002.499.863850Dual 10.00-20 12PR(5DC)Perkins-94 (30,423) (10'4") (26'3") (8'2") (32'4")(8490)212B (3PJ) 90-9511014 0003.048.282.499.483900Dual 10.00-20 12PR(30,870) (10'0") (27'2") (8'2") (31'1")(8600)214 (9MB) 84-88 Deutz-101 15 6003.068.282.49Dual 10.00-20 12PR(1KB)Perkins-102 (34,175) (10'0") (27'2") (8'2")214B4CF 88-9411018 7003.068.282.4910.414200Dual 10.00-20 12PR(41,230) (10'0") (27'2") (8'2") (34'2")(9260)214B FT 9NF 88-9413518 7003.068.282.4910.414200Dual 10.00-20 12PR(41,230) (10'0") (27'2") (8'2") (34'2")(9260)224(2JC) 84-89 Deutz-143 19 0003.428.982.4910.614800Dual 10.00-20 12PR(5TC)Perkins-124 (41,890) (11'3") (29'6") (8'2") (34'10") (10,600)224B 7WF 89-9513521 0003.959.082.6510.754800Dual 11.00-20 14PR(46,297) (13'0") (29'9")(8'8")(35'3")(10,582)***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.23-65Former Models Hydraulic ExcavatorsHydraulic Excavators (Wheel) (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix (USA)Years Flywheel Built HorsepowerApprox. OperatingWeight kg (lb)Height* Length*mm(ft)(ft)M3126TL96-0211413 4253.078.62(29,602)(10'1") (28'3")M313CH2A05-0611813 100-14 750 3.128.08BDR02-05(28,886-35,524) (10'2") (26'6")M313DJ3A12-1312714 000-16 200 3.128.08W3H07-12(30,870-35,721) (10'3") (26'6")M3157ML95-0211715 5703.088.84(34,332)(10'1") (29'0")M315C H2B05-0612915 000-16 650 3.158.33BDM 02-05(33,075-36,713) (10'4") (27'4")M315DJ5B12-1313616 100-18 300 3.158.33W5M 07-12(35,501-40,352) (10'4") (27'4")M316C H2C05-0613816 300-18 200 3.178.40BDX02-05(35,942-40,131) (10'5") (27'7")M316D D6W11-1315817 000-19 200 3.178.4W6A07-11(37,478-42,329) (10'5") (27'7")M3188AL95-0213117 8703.18.97(39,403)(10'2") (29'5")M318CH2D05-0615117 800-19 700 3.218.96BCZ02-05(39,249-43,439) (10'6") (29'5")M318D D8W11-1316618 200-20 100 3.178.96W8P07-11(40,124-44,312) (10'5") (29'5")M3206WL97-0213120 2003.219.55(44,541)(10'6") (31'4")M322CH2E05-0616420 500-22 700 3.259.64BDK02-05(45,203-50,054) (10'8") (31'7")M322D D2W11-1316420 500-22 500 3.209.64W2S07-11(45,195-49,604) (10'6") (31'7")***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under, one-piece boom. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, rear dozer up, one-piece boom, longest stick.Width m (ft)2.5 (8'2") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4")2.5 (8'2") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4")2.6 (8'6") 2.55 (8'4") 2.55 (8'4") 2.75 (9'0") 2.75 (9'0") 2.75 (9'0")Max. Reach**m (ft)8.9 (29'2")8.77 (28'9")8.77 (28'10")9.26 (30'5")9.17 (30'1")9.17 (30'1")9.17 (30'1")9.17 (30'1") 10.55 (34'7")9.60 (31'6")9.6 (31'6") 11.18 (36'8") 10.32 (33'10") 10.32 (33'10")Lift Capacity***kg (lb)4300 (9482) 4800 (10,584) 4800 (10,582) 5100 (11,246) 5600 (12,348) 5700 (12,566) 6500 (14,330) 6400 (14,110) 6400 (14,112) 6600 (14,550) 6600 (14,550) 7500 (16,538) 7300 (16,093) 7200 (15,873)Standard Tire Size10-20.00 14PR 10.00-20 16PR 10.00-20 16PR 10-20.00 14PR 10.00-20 16PR 10.00-20 16PR 10.00-20 16PR 10.00-20 16PR 10-20.00 14PR 10.00-20 16PR 10.00-20 16PR 11-20.00 14PR 11.00-20 16PR 11.00-20 16PR23-66Hydraulic Excavators Former Models5000 SERIES EXCAVATORS AND FRONTSHOVELSModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix COSA (US)Years BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerApprox. OperatingWeight kg (lb)Track Gaugem (ft)Height* m (ft)Length* m (ft)Width m (ft)Max. Reach**m (ft)Lift Capacity***kg (lb)50806XK(GOS) 94-0242883 8002.754.7313.763.489.76(184,750) (9'0")(15'6") (45'2") (11'5") (32'0")--235090BCLD(EAME) 01-0451287 5003.514.6314.263.4710.35SJY(NACD)(192,940) (11'6") (15'2") (46'9") (11'5") (33'11")--***When shipped with medium stick and bucket curled under. ***Maximum reach at ground level, one-piece boom, longest stick. ***Lift capacity at 4.6 m (15'0") over front, one-piece boom, longest stick.ModelProduct Ident.No. Prefix (USA)5110B ME AAAYears Built00-035110B L AAK 02-035130 ME 5ZL 92-975130 FS 5ZL 92-975130B ME 4CS 97-035130B FS 4CS 97-035230 ME 7LL 94-005230 FS 7LL 94-005230B ME 4HZ 01-045230B FS 4HZ 01-04*Standard boom and stick.Approx. Operating Flywheel Weight Horsepower kg (lb)696127 000(280,000)696129 000(284,000)755180 000(397,000)755179 000(395,000)800182 000(401,000)800181 000(399,000)1470316 600(698,000)1470318 422(702,000)1550328 100(723,400)1550327 000(721,000)Rated* Capacitym3 (yd3)7.6 (9.9) 4.6 (6.0) 10.0 (13.0) 10.5 (13.7) 10.5 (13.7) 11.0 (14.5) 16.0 (21.0) 17.0 (22.2) 16.0 (21.0) 17.0 (22.2)Breakout Force kN (lb)501 (112,600)463 (104,175)615 (138,400)715 (161,000)672 (151,100)715 (161,000)873 (196,260)1125 (253,000)855 (192,083)1162 (261,145)Crowd ForcekN (lb)439 (98,800)377 (84,825)624 (140,300)770 (173,000)624 (140,300)770 (173,000)874 (196,480)1250 (281,000)885 (198,848)1145 (257,324)Track Gaugem (ft)4.1 (13.4')4.1 (13.4') 4.72 (15'6") 4.72 (15'6") 4.72 (15.5') 4.72 (15.5')5.2 (17'0")5.2 (17'0") 5.196 (17.0') 5.196 (17.0')Max. Reach*m (ft)13.9 (45.7') 16.39 (53.8') 14.9 (48'11") 12.4 (40'8") 14.9 (48.9') 12.4 (40.7')17.7 (58'0")14.8 (48'7")17.8 (58.4') 14.9 (48.8')Max. Load Heightm (ft)8.6 (28.0') 10.06 (33.0')9.1 (29'10")9.1 (29'10")9.1 (29.8')9.1 (29.8')9.8 (32'2")10.3 (33'10")9.8 (32.0') 10.4 (34.1')Max. Digging Depthm (ft) 7.9 (25.9') 10.51 (34.5') 8.4 (27'7")--8.4 (27.6')--9.4 (30'10")--9.5 (31.3')--23-67Former Models Hydraulic Mining Shovels6000 SERIES HYDRAULIC MINING SHOVELSModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltApprox.Operating FlywheelWeight Horsepowerkg (lb)kW (hp)6015DHB 95-16 106 100496(233,910)(665)6015 ME* DHB 96-16 106 000496(233,690)(665)6015 FS DHF 95-16 104 900496(231,260)(665)6018DHT 86-16 186 000824(410,060) (1104)6018 FS DHD 86-16 183 400824(404,320) (1104)*Mass Excavation backhoe attachment.Rated Capacitym3 (yd3)6.0 (7.8) 7.0 (9.2) 7.0 (9.2) 10.0 (13.1) 10.0 (13.1)Breakout Force kN (lb)380 (85,400)410 (92,140)480 (107,870)510 (114,610)730 (164,050)Tearout/ Crowd ForcekN (lb)375 (84,270)390 (87,640)645 (144,950)540 (121,350)910 (204,500)Track Gaugem (ft)3.8 (12'6")3.8 (12'6")3.8 (12'6")4.5 (14'9")4.5 (14'9")Max. Reachm (ft)13.5 (44'3")12.6 (41'4")10.5 (34'5")15.6 (51'2")12.9 (42'4")Max. Load Heightm (ft)9.0 (29'6")9.2 (30'2")8.8 (28'10")8.9 (29'2")10.1 (33'2")Max. Digging Depthm (ft) 7.3 (23'11") 6.0 (19'8")--8.5 (27'11")--23-68Wheel Material Handlers Former ModelsWHEEL MATERIAL HANDLERSModelProduct Ident. YearsNo. PrefixBuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)M318 MH6ES98-02104(140)8SS98-02104(140)M318C MHBEB02-05113(151)H2F05-06113(151)M318D MHD9X11-13124W8R07-11(166)M320 MH9PS98-02104(140)M322C MHBDY02-05122(164)H2G05-06122(164)M322D MHD3X11-13122W2T07-11(164)325 WMH2SL98125(168)325B WMH2JR98132(177)M325B MH2JR99-00125(168)BGN01-04125(168)M325C MHXJA03-06128(173)M325C LMHPAN03-06140(189)W330B MHAME00-02165(222)W345B MHANJ02216(290)CDY02-04239(321)W345C MHR5K05257(345)350 WMH9FL98213(286)3ML99213(286)*Lift at maximum reach over front at 3 m (10 ft) elevation from stick pin, no tool.Approx. Operating Weightkg (lb)19 500 (43,000) 19 500 (43,000) 21 460 (47,311) 21 460 (47,311) 18 200-20 100 (40,124-44,312) 21 150 (46,600) 24 690 (54,432) 24 690 (54,432) 20 500-22 500 (45,195-49,604) 35 100 (77,400) 34 958 (77,000) 37 200 (82,040) 37 200 (82,040) 31 500 (69,450) 37 000 (81,570) 52 800 (116,300) 64 250 (141,650) 66 040 (145,288) 64 745 (142,740) 68 812 (151,800) 68 812 (151,800)Max. Reach m (ft)10.5 (34'8")10.5 (34'8")11.0 (36'1")11.0 (36'1")11.0 (36'1")11.6 (38'0")12.5 (41'0")12.5 (41'0")12.5 (41'0")13.4 (43'11")13.4 (43'11")15.5 (50'10")15.5 (50'10")15.65 (51'4") 15.65 (51'4")14.4 (47'3")16.5 (54'0")16.5 (54'0")18.0 (59'1")17.1 (56'3")17.1 (56'3")Lift Capacity* kg (lb)2100(4630)210023(4630)2100(4630)2100(4630)2150(4740)3200(7055)2300(5070)2300(5070)2050)(4519)4200(9400)4700(10,400)3040(6700)3040(6700)2960(6526)3510(7738)4800(10,700)5300(11,800)5300(11,800)5150(11,400)6300(13,889)6300(13,889)23-69Former Models Track Material HandlersTRACK MATERIAL HANDLERSModelProduct Ident. YearsNo. PrefixBuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)320 MH 320B MH3XK-9996(128)9KK-9996(128)6LS99-01100320C MH325 MH 325B MH 325C MH 325D MH330 MH 330B MH 330C MH 330D MH345B MH 345BII MH 345C MH350 MH365B MH 365BII MH 365C MH375 MHBGB SAH 2SL 2JR S2C RJK C4H 5YM 6DR D3C LEM C5K 2NW APB M2R D3S 8KZ 9FL CTY SDL GWC 8SL 1JM01-02 03-07-98 98-02 03-05 05-12 05-12-98 98-02 03-05 05-13 05-13 97-00 00-05 05-13 05-13-00 -00 02-03 04 05-06 00 00-05(134) 103 (138) 103 (138) 125 (168) 132 (177) 140 (188) 152 (204) 152 (204) 166 (222) 165 (222) 184 (247) 200 (268) 200 (268) 216 (290) 239 (321) 257 (345) 257 (345) 213 (286) 213 (286) 287 (385) 302 (404) 302 (404) 319 (428) 319 (428)*Lift at maximum reach over front at 3 m (10 ft) elevation from stick pin, no tool.Approx. Operating Weightkg (lb)23 030 (50,670) 23 030 (50,670) 23 030(50,670) 25 530 (56,283) 25 530 (56,283) 31 400 (69,237) 33 236 (73,120) 34 630 (76,350) 35 526 (78,321) 35 526 (78,321) 39 100 (86,215) 41 430 (91,350) 43 815 (96,595) 44 627 (98,386) 44 627 (98,386) 55 705 (122,550) 56 100 (123,420) 57 431 (126,615) 57 431 (126,615) 61 576 (135,630) 61 576 (135,630) 74 470 (164,177) 74 470 (164,177) 79 263 (174,744) 92 081 (203,000) 92 081 (203,000)Max. Reach m (ft)12.4 (40'8")12.4 (40'8")12.4(40'8") 12.4(40'8") 12.4(40'8") 13.4(43'11") 13.4(43'11") 15.5(50'10") 15.5(50'11") 15.5(50'11") 14.4(47'3") 14.4(47'3") 15.9(52'2") 16.0(52'6") 16.0(52'6") 16.5(54'0") 16.5(54'0") 18.0(59'1") 18.0(59'1") 17.1(56'3") 17.1(56'3") 18.9(61'11") 18.9(62'3") 19.8(65'1") 21.1(69'3") 21.1(69'3")23-70Lift Capacity* kg (lb)2910 (6400) 2910 (6400) 3150(6900) 3150 (6900) 3150 (6900) 4130 (9100) 4200 (9200) 3000 (6600) 3010 (6630) 3010 (6630) 4080 (9000) 4900 (10,800) 3900 (8600) 3670 (8090) 3670 (8090) 5300 (11,600) 5300 (11,600) 5000 (11,000) 5000 (11,000) 5350 (11,800) 5350 (11,800) 6320 (13,540) 6320 (13,540) 5400 (11,905) 5900 (13,200) 5900 (13,200)Logging and Forest Product Machines Former ModelsLOGGING AND FOREST PRODUCT MACHINESModelProduct Ident. YearsNo. PrefixBuiltFlywheel Power kW (hp)Overall Track Length m (ft)Overall Length m (ft)Overall Width m (ft)Operating Weight kg (lb)320B Stroke Delimber9JS--96(128)--FB2218XD19861474.4711.96 (39'3")9.783.6630 390(12'0")(67,000)233.2028 180(197)(14'8")(32'1")(10'6")(62,000)FB22710W1983-93 100/1344.5511.883.3531 769(135/180)(14'11")(39'0")(11'0")(69,892)DL2218YD198798(132)4.47 (14'8")----22 816 (50,300)LL2168JD198695(128)--10.70 to 11.23 (35'1" to 36'10")2.64 (8'8")17 577 (38,750)LL2288MD1986131 (176)--9.7 to 11.6 (32'0" to 38'0")2.62 (8'7")30 391 (67,000)LL2318PD19861755.0310.6 to 11.63.5639 146(235)(16'6")(35'0" to 38'0")(11'8")(86,300)320B LL6LS/9JS96-0196 (128)4.48 (14'8")--3.29 (10'10")28 610 (63,100)320C LLBGB/BKK01-0396 (128)4.5 (14'8")--3.3 (10'10")25 900 (57,100)320C LLSAH/TBR02-07103 (138)4.6 (14'9")--3.3 (10'10")27 200 (59,965)320D LLGKS07-14110 (147)4.6 (14'9")--3.3 (10'10")30 300 (66,812)320D GFBZF/EAX06-14110 (147)4.6 (14'9")--3.3 (10'10")26 900 (59,315)322B LL1YS96-02114(153)4.66 (15'3")--3.72 (12'3")32 970 (72,686)322C FM GF (HD/LC)BPH01-061254.669.963.2928 229(168)(15'4")(32'8")(10'10")(62,245)*322C FM GF (HW)CAM01-061254.699.913.6230 710(168)(15'5")(32'6")(11'11")(67,716)*322C FM LL (U/U)CBY01-061254.6914.103.6233 607(168)(15'5")(46'3")(11'11")(74,103)*322C FM LL (O/U)CBY01-061254.69153.6233 896(168)(15'5")(49'3")(11'11")(74,741)**Operating Weight without bucket or grapple and with the new FM Cab/Riser with integrated guarding (available in July 2004).23-71Former Models Logging and Forest Product MachinesLogging and Forest Product Machines (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. YearsNo. PrefixBuiltFlywheel Power kW (hp)Overall Track Length m (ft)Overall Length m (ft)Overall Width m (ft)324D FM LGPJGK07-101404.7133.62(188)(15.3)(42.7)(11.9)325B LL2JR96-01124(166)4.66 (15'3")--3.62 (11'11")325C FM GF (HD/LC)G1L02-061404.7010.343.44(188)(15'5")(33'11")(11'3")325C FM GF (HW)M2K02-061404.7010.293.62(188)(15'5")(33'9")(11'11")325C FM LL (U/U)S3M02-061404.7014.873.62(188)(15'5")(48'9")(11'11")325C FM LL (O/U)S3M02-061404.7015.753.62(188)(15'5")(51'8")(11'11")330B LL6DR96-02160(214)5.02 (16'6")--3.62 (11'11")330C FM GF (HD/LC)B3M02-061845.0811.193.52(247)(16'8")(36'9")(11'6")330C FM GF (HW)B4N02-061845.0711.193.62(247)(16'7")(36'9")(11'11")330C FM LL (U/U)B1K02-061845.0716.673.62(247)(16'7")(54'8")(11'11")330C FM LL (O/U)B1K02-061845.0717.363.62(247)(16'7")(57'0")(11'11")330D FM GFL2K06-102005.06111.153.65(268)(16'7")(36'7")(11'11")330D FM LL (U/U)H3K06-102005.06166.33.65(268)(16'7")(54'7")(11'11")330D FM LL (O/U)H3K06-102005.06173.23.65(268)(16'7")(56'10")(11'11")*Operating Weight without bucket or grapple and with the new FM Cab/Riser with integrated guarding (available in July 2004).Operating Weight kg (lb)32 886 (72,500) 36 916 (81,400) 31 942 (70,432)* 33 078 (72,937)* 37 644 (83,005)* 38 219 (84,273)* 44 172 (97,400) 39 347 (86,760)* 40 778 (89,915)* 44 430 (97,968)* 44 965 (99,148)* 41 426 (91,344) 45 801 (100,991) 46 261 (102,005)23-72Wheel Skidders Track SkiddersFormer ModelsWHEEL SKIDDERSModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)Operating Weight kg (lb)Ground Clearance mm (in)Wheel Base m (ft/in)508 Cable9NC87-897177705212.8(95)(17,130)(20.5)(9'2")508 Grapple2HD87-8971(95)8766 (19,308)521 (20.5)2.8 (9'2")23518 FB8ZC86-899611 6125873.25(130)(25,600)(23.1)(10'8")518 PS Cable50S71-83907718505.42895.6(120)(17,000)(19.8976)(9'6")518 PS Grapple55U1-80/81-8390/979307505.42895.6(120/130)(20,500)(19.8976)(9'6")518 Cable94U3-84/85-9290/9799884703251(120/130)(22,000)(18.5039)(10'8.4")518 Grapple95U81-909711 2594703251(130)(24,800)(18.5039)(10'8.4")518 Series II Cable94U91-92dual 97/10810 2604703251dual (130/145)(22,600)(18.5039)(10'8.4")518 Series II Grapple95U91-92dual 97/10812 0314703251dual (130/145)(26,500)(18.5039)(10'8.4")518C Cable1CL93-9511511 528450.73251(154)(25,391)(17.74406)(10'8.4")518C Grapple9HJ93-9511512 587463.43251(154)(27,725)(18.24406)(10'8.4")525----119 (160)13 558 (29,891)527 (20.7)3.5 (11.5)525B--02-06119 (160)18 325 (40,400)463 (18.2)3.5 (11.5)525C--06-14146 (196)17 711 (39,045)581 (22.9)3534 (11'7")535B--6-Feb134 (180)19 006 (41,900)463 (18.2)3.5 (11.5)535C--06-14162 (218)18 044 (39,780)581 (22.9)3534 (11'7")545 Grapple--6-Feb149.1 (225)20 230 (44,600)606.4 (23.9)3.8 (12.5)545C--06-14173 (232)19 198 (42,325)581 (22.9)3939 (12'11")TRACK SKIDDERSModel D4 TSK Series IID4 TSK Series IIID5H TSK Series IIProduct Ident. No. Prefix 8ZF7PK7EGYears Built 90-9292-9692-96Flywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)78 (105)78 (105)97 (130)Operating Weight kg (lb)12 909 (28,400) 14 000 (30,900) 18 800 (41,360)Gauge m (ft/in)2.00 (6'6") 2.00 (6'6") 2.16 (7'11")23-73Former ModelsTrack Feller Bunchers Forwarders Track Harvester Wheel HarvesterTRACK FELLER BUNCHERSModel 511 521 522 532 541 551 552Model 534 544 584Product Ident. No. Prefix511Years Built 06-1252106-1252206-1253206-1254106-1155106-1155206-11Gross Power kW (hp)184.2 (247) 211.8 (284) 211.8 (284) 211.8 (284) 227.4 (305) 227.4 (305) 227.4 (305)Overall Track Length m (ft)4.6 (15.0)4.8 (15.8)4.8 (15.8)4.9 (16.1)4.9 (16.1)4.9 (16.1)4.9 (16.1)Overall Length m (ft)8.5 (27.7)8.6 (28.3)8.6 (28.3)8.6 (28.3)9.4 (30.9)9.4 (30.9)9.4 (30.9)Overall Width m (ft)3.2 (10.5)3.2 (10.5)3.5 (11.4)3.5 (11.4)3.6 (11.8)3.6 (11.8)3.6 (11.8)Operating Weight kg (lb)24 362 (53,710) 27 084 (59,710) 30 410 (67,040) 31 620 (69,710) 30 191 (66,560) 31 057 (68,468) 35 680 (78,660)FORWARDERSProduct Ident. No.PrefixHFNumber of Years Built WheelsEngine06-114C4.4 ACERTHF06-116C4.4 ACERTPAK09-148C7 ACERTGross Power kW (hp)93 (125)93 (125) 204 (274)Operating Weight kg (lb)12 247 (27,000) 14 062 (31,000) 22 498 (49,600)Load Capacitykg (lb)7258 (16,000) 10 866 (24,000) 18 000 (39,683)Std. Wheel BaseTransmission mm (in)Electric Powershift3835 (151)Electric Powershift5334 (210)2 Speed Hydrostatic6096 (240)TRACK HARVESTERModel 501Product Ident. No.PrefixPHYears BuiltEngine06-12C6.6 ACERTGross Power kW (hp)122 (163)Track Pitch mm (in)171.4 (6.7)Overall Height m (ft)3.33 (11.9)Overall Width m (ft)2.59 (8.5)Operating Weight kg (lb)15 900 (35,000)WHEEL HARVESTERModel 550Product Ident. No.PrefixPHNumber of Years Built Wheels06-136Engine C7 ACERTGross Power kW (hp)147 (197)Transmission HydrostaticBoom Reach m (ft)8.2 (27)Std. Wheel Basemm (in)4160 (164)Operating Weight kg (lb)21 319 (47,040)23-74Backhoe Loaders Former ModelsBACKHOE LOADERSModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)Operating Weight kg (lb)Digging Depth mm (ft/in)GP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)MP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)4165PC85-9046615644200.760.76(62)(13,574)(14'6")(1.0)(1.0)416 Series II5PC90-9246(62)6217 (13,708)4420 (14'6")0.76 (1.0)0.7623(1.0)416B8ZK(8SG)92-9559622744200.760.96(79)(13,700)(14'6")(1.0)(1.25)416C4ZN(5YN)96-0056633044200.760.96(75)(13,957)(14'6")(1.0)(1.25)416C (IT)1WR(1XR)96-0056666644200.960.96(75)(14,698)(14'6")(1.25)(1.25)416DBFP, BKG,00-0558690043900.760.96BGJ, CXP(78)(15,257)(14'5")(1.0)(1.25)420DFDP, BKC00-0569715043900.960.96(93)(15,772)(14'5")(1.25)(1.25)420D (IT)BLN, BMC, MBH 00-0569715043900.960.96(93)(15,772)(14'5")(1.25)(1.25)424DRXA, CJZ01-0556750248541.00.96(75)(16,539)(15'9")(1.31)(1.25)4267BC86-9052654947200.960.76(70)(14,626)(15'6")(1.25)(1.0)426 Series II7BC90-9252731547200.960.76(70)(15,126)(15'6")(1.25)(1.0)426B6KL(5YJ)92-9559679047200.960.96(79)(14,970)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)426C6XN(7WN)96-9860705147210.960.96(80)(15,548)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)426C6XN3616 and up 99-0063705147210.960.96(7WN939 and up)(85)(15,548)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)(AWS) 426C1CR(1ER)96-9860705147210.960.96(80)(15,548)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)(AWS) 426C1CR864 and up 99-0063705147210.960.96(1ER864 and up)(85)(15,548)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)426C (IT)1YR(1ZR)96-9860738747210.960.96(80)(16,289)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)426C (IT)1YR1517 and up 99-0063738747210.960.96(1ZR926 and up)(85)(16,289)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)(AWS) 426C (IT)1MR(1NR)96-9860738747210.960.96(80)(16,289)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)(AWS) 426C (IT) 1MR956 and up 99-0063738747210.960.96(1NR954 and up)(85)(16,289)(15'6")(1.25)(1.25)23-75Former Models Backhoe LoadersBackhoe Loaders (cont'd)Model 428428 Series IIProduct Ident. No. Prefix 6TC6TCYears Built 86-9090-92428B7EJ92-95428C8RN96-00428C (IT)2CR96-00428DDSX, BXC, MBM 01-05430DBNK00-05430D (IT) 432DBML TDR, WEP00-05 01-054365KF88-90436 Series II5KF90-92436B7FL(6MJ)92-95436C8TN(9JN)96-98436C (AWS) 436C8TN925 and up (9JN884 and up)1FR(1GR)99-00 96-98(AWS) 436C 436C (IT)1FR1416 and up (1GR916 and up)2AR(2BR)436C (IT) (AWS) 436C (IT)2AR1604 and up (2BR911 and up)1PR(1RR)99-00 96-98 99-00 96-98(AWS) 436C (IT) 1PR1599 and up (1RR998 and up)99-00Flywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)52 (70) 52 (70) 60 (80) 56 (75) 56 (75) 61 (82) 75 (101) 75 (101) 69 (93) 57 (77) 57 (77) 63 (84) 63 (85) 70 (93) 63 (85) 70 (93) 63 (85) 70 (93) 63 (85) 70 (93)Operating Weight kg (lb)6963 (15,350)7143 (15,750)7254 (15,992)7279 (16,047)7615 (16,788)7738 (17,059)7355 (16,217)7355 (16,217)7809 (17,216)6831 (15,062)6878 (15,166)6857 (15,086)7118 (15,694)7118 (15,694)7118 (15,694)7118 (15,694)7454 (16,435)7454 (16,435)7454 (16,435)7454 (16,435)Digging Depth mm (ft/in)4790 (15'9") 4750 (15'7") 4810 (15'9") 4811 (15'9") 4811 (15'9") 4854 (15'9") 4639 (15'3") 4639 (15'3") 4854 (15'9") 4960 (16'3") 4950 (16'3") 4950 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3") 4953 (16'3")GP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31) 0.76 (1.0) 0.76 (1.0) 0.96 (1.25)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)1.0 (1.31)MP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)0.92 (1.2) 0.92 (1.2) 0.92 (1.2) 1.03 (1.35) 1.03 (1.35) 1.03 (1.35) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 1.03 (1.35) 0.76 (1.0) 0.76 (1.0) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25) 0.96 (1.25)23-76Backhoe Loaders Former ModelsBackhoe Loaders (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)Operating Weight kg (lb)Digging Depth mm (ft/in)GP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)MP Bucket Capacity m3 (yd3)4383DJ88-9063790048101.00.92(84)(17,420)(15'9")(1.31)(1.2)438 Series II3DJ90-9257736448101.00.92(77)(16,237)(15'9")(1.31)(1.2)438B3KK92-9562.7833148701.00.92438C9KN(84)96-9863(18,367) 7384(16'0") 4873(1.31) 1.0(1.2)231.03(85)(16,279)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)438C9KN1061 and up 99-0070738448731.01.03(93)(16,279)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)(AWS) 438C1JR96-9863738448731.01.03(85)(16,279)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)(AWS) 438C1JR1107 and up 99-0070738448731.01.03(93)(16,279)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)438C (IT)2DR96-9863772048731.01.03(85)(17,020)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)438C (IT)2DR2717 and up 99-0070772048731.01.03(93)(17,020)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)(AWS) 438C (IT)1TR96-9863772048731.01.03(85)(17,020)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)(AWS) 438C (IT) 1TR1284 and up 99-0070772048731.01.03(93)(17,020)(16'0")(1.31)(1.35)442DSMJ, TBD01-0575780948541.01.03(101)(17,216)(15'9")(1.31)(1.35)4466XF89-9571889252201.151.10(95)(19,603)(17'2")(1.5)(1.5)446B76889052201.151.05(102)(19,600)(17'2")(1.5)(1.375)446DDBL04-0676893951421.151.25(102)(19,666)(16'10")(1.5)(1.63)23-77Former Models PipelayersPIPELAYERSModelTractor Product Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltEngine HPApprox. Weight kg (lb)Counterweight kg (lb)Max. Lift Capacity 1.2 m (4'0") Overhangkg (lb)Speed Range km/h (mph)ForwardReverseMD69U39C 52-579312 375159012 035 2.7--10.6 3.2--10.0(27,820) (3500)(26,530) (1.7--6.6) (2.0--6.2)561B62A59-669014 560227017 500 2.7--10.6 1.8--9.9(32,100) (5000)(38,800) (1.7--6.6) (2.0--6.2)561B62A66-679314 350227017 600 2.7--10.9 3.4--10.3(31,637) (5000)(38,800) (1.7--6.8) (2.1--6.4)561C85H66-679314 700245018 0002.7--11.1 3.4--10.1(32,500) (5400)(40,000) (1.7--6.9) (2.1--6.3)561C92J67-7710514 700245018 1002.7--11.1 3.4--10.1(32,500) (5400)(40,000) (1.7--6.9) (2.1--6.3)561D54X78-8910515 800299018 100 3.5--10.1 4.2--12.2(35,000) (6600)(40,000) (2.2--6.3) (2.6--7.6)561H6NL93-9710515 700212818 100 3.4--10.2 4.1--12.4(34,600) (4690)(40,000) (2.1--6.4) (2.6--7.7)561M0111016 240326018 1003.3--9.9 4.0--12.1(35,800) (7200)(40,000) (2.0--6.2) (2.5--7.5)561M CB* 1KW97-0211016 240(US)(35,800)561NCPH03-0812316 851327018 1453.1--9.1 3.8--11.3(37,150) (7210)(40,000) (1.9--5.6) (2.3--6.9)561NTAD03-0812316 851327018 1453.1--9.1 3.8--11.3(37,150) (7210)(40,000) (1.9--5.6) (2.3--6.9)571E PS64A61-6716022 68023607 4903.7--10.3 4.3--12.1(50,000) (5200)(60,600) (2.3--6.4) (2.7--7.5)571E PS64A66-7218023 100236027 500 3.7--10.1 4.3--11.9(51,000) (5200)(60,600) (2.3--6.3) (2.7--7.4)571F95N72-7418022 800435027 5003.5--9.7 4.2--11.4(50,300) (9600)(60,600) (2.2--6.0) (2.6--7.1)571G16W75-8120023 040435027 500 3.7--10.0 4.5--11.952D(JPN) 87-96200(50,800) (9600)(60,600) (2.3--6.2) (2.8--7.9)MD717A51-5714016 200340024 5852.4--9.52.9--8.7(35,815) (7500)(54,200) (1.5--5.9) (1.8--5.4)*Gauge 2.0 m (6'7"), Width 3.19 m (10'5"), Length 3.73 m (12'3"), Height 3.12 m (10'3"), PS Transmission. Forward Speed: 1 st gear 3.27 km/h (2.03 mph) 2nd gear 5.81 km/h (3.61 mph) 3rd gear 9.93 km/h (6.17 mph)Ground Clearance mm (in)321 (13) 267 (11) 267 (11) 395 (16) 395 (16) 395 (16) 363 (14.3) 438 (17.2)422 (16.6) 422 (16.6) 400 (16) 400 (16) 400 (16) 399 (15.7) 394 (16)Ground Contactm2 (in2) 1.77 (2744) 2.02 (3130) 2.02 (3130) 2.02 (3130) 2.02 (3130) 2.02 (3130) 2.67 (4120) 2.67 (4120)2.93 (4542) 2.93 (4542) 3.04 (4710) 3.04 (4710) 3.04 (4710) 3.04 (4710) 3.12 (4840)23-78Pipelayers Former ModelsPipelayers (cont'd)ModelTractor Product Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltEngine HPApprox. Weight kg (lb)Counterweight kg (lb)Max. Lift Capacity 1.2 m (4'0") Overhangkg (lb)Speed Range km/h (mph)Forward ReverseGround Clearance mm (in)Ground Contactm2 (in2)572C21A57-6112826 200472039 0003.2--7.73.9--6.14833.30(57,820) (10,405) (86,000) (2.0--4.8) (2.4--3.8)(19)(5109)572D21A5914026 500494039 0004.2--9.74.8--7.74833.30(58,520) (10,900) (86,000) (2.6--6.0) (3.0--4.8)(19)(5109)23572E PS65A61-6918028 000600040 800 3.7--10.1 4.3--11.94803.45(62,000) (13,000) (90,000) (2.3--6.3) (2.7--7.4)(19)(5345)572F PS96N70-7418027 600644040 8003.5--9.7 4.2--11.44803.45(61,000) (14,200) (90,000) (2.2--6.0) (2.6--7.1)(19)(5345)572G40U75-8620027 800640040 800 3.7--10.0 4.5--11.94803.45(61,300) (14,200) (90,000) (2.3--6.2) (2.8--7.4)(19)(5345)572G8PC84-8920027 800640040 800 3.7--10.0 4.5--11.94803.45(61,300) (14,200) (90,000) (2.3--6.2) (2.8--7.4)(19)(5345)572R2HZ98-0423030 110505540 8253.5--11.1 4.8--14.24144.19(66,250) (11,150) (90,000) (2.3--6.9) (3.0--8.8)(16.3)(6500)5788HB89-9730046 58011 77770 3073.8--10.8 4.7--13.84525.17(102,690) (25,963) (155,000) (2.35--6.7) (2.9--8.6)(17.8)(8020)583C16A55-5819035 440847058 9703.9--8.73.9--8.75334.24(78,132) (18,676) (130,000) (2.4--5.4) (2.4--5.4)(21)(6580)583H TC38A59-6023538 000903062 1404.5--10.3 4.5--10.35374.66(83,840) (19,900) (137,000) (2.8--6.4) (2.8--6.4)(22)(7220)583H PS61A60-7419135 600847058 9703.9--8.73.9--8.75334.55(78,500) (18,676) (130,000) (2.4--5.4) (2.4--5.4)(21)(7050)583H PS61A60-6722538 200900062 1404.1--11.1 4.6--12.85374.66(84,270) (19,900) (137,000) (2.5--6.9) (8.9--8.0)(22)(7220)583H PS61A6123538 900 10 40062 140 3.9--10.1 4.8--12.65374.66(85,720) (22,880) (137,000) (2.4--6.3) (3.0--7.8)(22)(7220)583H61A7427040 600 10 30063 500 3.9--10.5 4.8--13.05334.65(89,500) (22,700) (140,000) (2.4--6.5) (3.0--8.1)(21)(7220)583K78V74-8930040 960784063 500 4.0--10.9 5.0--13.55304.65(90,300) (17,290) (140,000) (2.5--6.8) (3.1--8.4)(21)(7220)583R2XS98-05 228 kW 44 748903663 504 3.5--10.8 4.7--3.85375.10(305) (98,650) (19,920) (140,000) (2.3--6.8) (2.9--8.6)(21.1)(7896)583TCMX06-11 231 kW 45 359903663 5043.5-10.84.7-13.84705.10(310) (100,000) (19,920) (140,000) (2.3-6.8)(2.9-8.6)(18.5)(7896)587RBXL06-11 273 kW 53 070 12 90091 6253.2-10.04.3-12.94576.2(366) (117,000) (28,440) (202,000) (2.0-6.2)(2.7-8.0)(18)(9613)587TFAT06-11 262 kW 53 442 12 90091 6253.2-9.74.3-12.64576.2(351) (117,820) (28,440) (202,000) (2.0-6.0)(2.7-7.8)(18)(9613)58931Z82-06 313 kW 65 36611 854104 330 3.5--10.9 4.3--13.76256.96(420) (151,212) (26,134) (230,000) (2.2--6.8) (2.7--8.5)(24.6)(12,148)59462H7438555 400 12 60090 700 3.9--10.5 4.8--12.76405.72(122,000) (27,800) (200,000) (2.4--6.5) (3.0--7.9)(25)(8865)594H96V74-8241056 065 12 55590 700 4.0--10.8 5.0--13.26306.48(123,600) (27,680) (200,000) (2.5--6.7) (3.1--8.2)(25)(10,050)23-79Former Models WheelTractor-ScrapersWHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERSModel DW10 TractorProduct Ident. No. Prefix1NYears Built41-46DW10 Tractor6V46-47DW10 Tractor1V47-53DW10 & No. 10 Scraper DW10 & No. 10 Scraper1V47-513C1V52-5319CDW15 & No. 10 Scraper45C54-5519CDW15 & No. 15 Scraper DW15 Tractor45C54-554W45C54-55DW15C &59C or 70CNo. 15 ScraperDW15E &75D or 76DNo. 428 ScraperDW15F &75D or 76DNo. 428 ScraperDW20 &21CNo. 20 Scraper11CDW20 Tractor6W(For W20 Wagon)DW20E &57CNo. 456 Scraper67CDW20F &87ENo. 456 Scraper88EDW20G &87ENo. 456 Scraper88EDW20G &87ENo. 482 Scraper88E*Maximum HP only available.55-57 57-59 58-59 51-55 51-55 55-57 58-60 58-60 58-60Horsepower Max/ Rated 100/*100/*115/*115/*115/*Capacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)------6.7/8.4 (8.7/11) 5.3/6.9(7/9)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)6550 (14,350)6850 (15,100)7540 (16,610) 15 980 (35,240) 15 130 (33,365)Length4.57 (15'0") 4.57 (15'0") 4.70 (15'5") 11.23 (37'0") 10.72 (35'2")/150 5.3/6.9 15 960 11.10 (7/9) (35,180) (36'5")/150 /150 186/* 200/172 200/172 225/* 225/* 300/* 320/* 345/* 345/*7.7/9.2 (10/12)--7.7/9.5 (10/12.5)10/14 (13/18) 10/14 (13/18) 14/7.6 (18/23)--14/19 (18/25) 14/19 (18/25) 15/21 (19.5/27) 18.5/26 (24/34)9400 (20,720)9510 (20,960) 19 220 (42,370) 20 280 (44,711) 20 280 (44,711) 12 750 (28,100) 11 620 (25,610) 26 040 (57,400) 26 870 (59,240) 27 200 (59,960) 31 070 (68,500)11.84 (38'10")5.08 (16'8") 11.84 (38'10") 12.22 (40'1") 12.22 (40'1") 13.23 (43'5") 5.39 (17'8") 13.36 (43'10") 13.36 (43'10") 13.36 (43'10") 14.05 (46'1")Dimensions m (ft)Width2.24 (7'4") 2.24 (7'4") 2.34 (7'8") 3.02 (9'11") 2.87 (9'5")Height1.93 (6'4") 1.93 (6'4") 1.93 (6'4") 2.69 (8'10") 2.36 (7'9")2.87 (9'5")2.36 (7'9")3.18 (10'5") 2.39 (7'10") 3.18 (10'5") 3.30 (10'10") 3.30 (10'10") 3.53 (11'7") 2.79 (9'2") 3.58 (11'9") 3.58 (11'9") 3.58 (11'9") 3.91 (12'10")2.69 (8'10") 2.69 (8'10") 2.69 (8'10") 3.05 (10'0") 3.05 (10'0") 3.10 (10'2") 2.41 (7'11") 3.45 (11'4") 3.45 (11'4") 3.45 (11'4") 3.81 (12'6")Width of Tread1.73 (5'8") 1.73 (5'8") 1.79 (5'10") 1.88 (6'2") 1.80 (5'11") Scraper 1.80 (5'11") Scraper 1.93 (6'4") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 2.29 (7'6") 2.18 (7'2") 2.24 (7'4") 2.24 (7'4") 2.24 (7'4") 2.39 (7'10")Tire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & Scraper10.0 20-12 18.0 24-16 10.0 20-12 18.0 24-16 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 16.0 21-20 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 16.0 21-20 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 12.0 20-14 21.0 25-20 12.0 12-14 21.0 25-20 12.0 20-14 26.5 25-20 12.0 20-14 26.5 25-20 24.0 29-414.0 24-16 24.0 29-24 14.0 24-16 29.5 29-22 14.0 24-16 29.5 29-22 14.0 24-16 29.5 29-28 14.0 24-16 29.5 29-28Turning Circle m (ft)------7.92 (26'0") 11.23 (37'0")10.36 (34'0")11.23 (37'0")--10.36 (34'0")----11.23 (37'0")--11.58 (38'0") 11.58 (38'0") 11.58 (38'0") 11.58 (38'0")23-80WheelTractor-Scrapers Former ModelsWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltHorsepower Max/ RatedCapacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)LengthDimensions m (ft) Width HeightWidth of TreadTire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & ScraperTurning Circle m (ft)DW21 &8W51-55 225/* 11.5/15 24 790 12.373.533.282.13 24.0 29-24 10.67No. 21 Scraper8(15/20) (54,650) (40'7") (11'7") (10'9")(7'0")(35'0")DW21C &58C 55-58 300/* 14/19 26 610 12.673.583.352.24 29.5 29-22 11.00No. 470 Scraper69C(18/25) (58,670) (41'7") (11'9") (11'0")(7'4")(36'0")23DW21D &85E 58-58 320/* 14/19 26 310 12.783.583.352.24 29.5 29-22 11.00No. 470 Scraper86E(18/25) (58,010) (41'11") (11'9") (11'0")(7'4")(36'0")DW21G &85E 58-60 345/* 14.9/20.6 27 210 12.783.583.482.24 29.5 29-28 11.00No. 470 Scraper86E(19.5/27) (59,980) (41'11") (11'9") (11'5")(7'4")(36'0")6116SZ99-032651123 900 12.023.273.242.0629.5R2510.2(15) (52,640) (39'5") (10'9") (10'8")(6'9")(33'5")613A71M 69-76 /1508.4 13 334 9.672.442.851.89 18.0 25-12 9.04(11) (29,395) (31'9") (8'0") (9'4.5") (6'2.5")(29'8")613B38W 76-84 /1508.4 14 155 9.782.442.851.89 18.0 25-12 8.94(11) (31,210) (32'1") (8'0") (9'4.5") (6'2.5")(29'4")613C84-931758.4 14 670 10.02.443.061.8918.00-25,8.9(11) (32,340) (32'9") (8'0") (10'0") (6'2.5") 16 PR (E-2) (29'4")613C Series II8LJ93-08175 6.8/8.4 15 264 10.142.443.011.8023.5R259.0(8.9/11) (33,650) (33'3") (8'0") (9'10") (5'11")(29'6")613GESB 08-10181 6.8/8.4 16 887 10.412.433.011.8023.5R259.0(8.9/11) (37,229) (34'2") (8'0") (9'11") (5'11")(29'6")61546Z81-87/25012.23 23 40011.63.0483.5902.2126.5-25,9.63(16) (51,590) (38'1") (10'0") (11'8")(7'3") 26 PR (E-2) (31'7")615C87-9326512.23 23 86011.63.0483.592.2126.5-25,9.63(16) (52,600) (38'1") (10'0") (11'9")(7'3") 26 PR (E-2) (31'7")615C Series II9XG 93-0826511/13 25 60511.63.053.52.129.5R2510.8(14/17) (56,450) (38'1") (10'0") (11'0")(6'9")(35'6")619B DD89E 59-60 /225Turbocharged, Electric start619B DD90ETurbocharged, Gas start619C PS61F60-66 280/250 10.8/14 21 550 11.053.303.762.00 26.5 29-22 9.14619C DD62F(14/18) (47,500) (36'3") (10'11") (12'2")(6'7")(30'0")619**43F64-65/250 15.3/12.6 27 400 11.893.603.452.30 26.5 29-26 10.20(20/16.5) (60,390) (40'0") (11'10") (11'4")(7'7")(33'6")62143H 65-72 /300 10.7/15.3 28 400 12.003.603.452.19 29.5 29-22 11.50(14/20) (62,600) (39'5") (11'10") (11'4")(7'3")(37'8")62123H 65-74 /300 10.7/15.3 24 900 11.603.503.402.10 29.5 29-22 13.00(14/20) (55,000) (38'1") (11'7") (11'2") (6'10")(42'6")621B45P 73-86 /330 10.7/15.3 30 205 12.73.453.632.2129.5-29,11.10(14/20) (66,590) (41'7") (11'4") (11'11") (7'3") 28 PR (E-3) (36'6")621E6AB 86-93 /330 10.7/15.3 30 480 12.933.473.712.2133.25-29,10.92PD(14/20) (67,195) (42'5") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3") 26 PR (E-3) (35'8")**Maximum HP only available. **Johnson Manufacturing Company built the J619 Elevating Scraper for Caterpillar in 1964.23-81Former Models WheelTractor-ScrapersWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)Model 621F 621G 621G 621GProduct Ident. No. Prefix 4SKALPCENDBBYears Built 93-0000-0303-0505-10Horsepower Max/ Rated330330/365330/365330/365Capacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)10.7/15.3 (14/20) 10.7/15.3 (14/20) 12/17 (15.7/22) 12/17 (15.7/22)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)32 090 (70,740) 32 250 (71,090) 32 563 (71,790) 33 995 (74,946)Length12.93 (42'5") 12.93 (42'5") 12.93 (42'5") 12.88 (42'3")621HDBK 10-13 407 13/18.4 36 185 14.02EAZ(17.1/24) (79,787) (45'10")623 623B 623E 623E 623F 623F Series II 623G 623G 623G52U 46P 6CB 6YF 6BK 5EW ARW CES DBC72-74 73-86 86-89 89-93 93-98 98-00 00-02 03-05 05-10/300 /330 /330 /365 365 365 330/365 330/365 330/36516.8 (22) 16.8 (22) 16.8 (22) 13.8/17.6 (18/23) 13.8/17.6 (18/23) 13.8/17.6 (18/23) 13.8/17.6 (18/23) 13.8/17.6 (18/23) 13.8/17.6 (18/23)29 900 (66,000) 32 546 (71,750) 33 317 (73,450) 35 290 (77,800) 35 305 (77,830) 37 122 (81,840) 37 120 (81,840) 37 120 (81,840) 37 510 (82,695)11.90 (39'0") 12.5 (41'1") 12.61 (41'4") 12.61 (41'4") 12.61 (41'4") 13.28 (43'7") 13.21 (43'4") 13.21 (43'4") 13.17 (43'2")623HDBF 10-13 407 14.4/17.6 39 937 13.77EJD(18.8/23) (88,061) (45'2")Dimensions m (ft)Width3.47 (11'4") 3.47 (11'4") 3.47 (11'4") 3.58 (11'9")Height3.71 (12'2") 3.71 (12'2") 3.71 (12'2") 3.71 (12'3")3.57 (11'7")4.03 (13'2")3.50 (11'7") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.55 (11'8") 3.58 (11'9")3.70 (12'1") 3.81 (12'6") 3.81 (12'6") 3.94 (12'11") 3.94 (12'11") 3.55 (11'8") 3.68 (12'1") 3.68 (12'1") 3.71 (12'3")3.57 (11'7")3.77 (12'3")Width of Tread2.21 (7'3") 2.20 (7'3") 2.20 (7'3") 2.23 (7'4") Tractor 2.20 (7'3") Scraper 2.29 (7'5") Tractor 2.28 (7'4") Scraper 2.20 (7'3") 2.18 (7'2") 2.21 (7'3") 2.18 (7'2") 2.18 (7'2") 2.21 (7'3") 2.2 (7'3") 2.2 (7'3") 2.23 (7'4") Tractor 2.20 (7'3") Scraper 2.29 (7'5") Tractor 2.28 (7'4") ScraperTire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & Scraper 33.25-29 (E-2/E-3) 33.25R2933.25R2933.25R29 (E-3)33.25R29 (E-3)29.5 29-2829.5-29, 28 PR (E-2)29.5-29, 34 PR (E-2)29.5R2529.5-29, 34 PR (E-2) 33.25-R29 (E-2) 33.25R2933.25R2933.25R29 (E-3)33.25R29 (E-3)Turning Circle m (ft) 10.2 (33'5") 11.7 (38'5") 11.7 (38'5") 11.7 (38'5")11.8 (38'7")13.70 (44'11")8.90 (29'4")10.9 (35'9")10.9 (35'8")10.9 (35'8")8.6 (28'5")10.9 (35'8")10.9 (35'8") 12.0 (39'4")11.8 (38'7")23-82WheelTractor-Scrapers Former ModelsWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltHorsepower Max/ RatedCapacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)LengthDimensions m (ft) Width HeightWidth of TreadTire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & ScraperTurning Circle m (ft)62754K 68-74 T/225 10.7/15.3 29 900 12.003.503.602.20 29.5 29-28 13.30S/225 (14/20) (66,000) (36'9") (11'7") (11'8")(7'3")(43'9")627B14S 73-86 T/225 10.7/15.3 34 61013.33.453.632.1829.5-29,11.10627ES/225 (14/20) (76,300) (43'9") (11'4") (11'11") (7'2") 28 PR (E-3) (36'6")236EB 86-90 T/225 10.7/15.3 34 670 12.893.473.71 2.21 (7'3") 33.25-29,10.90S/225 (14/20) (76,435) (42'3") (11'4") (12'2") 2.18 (7'2") 26 PR (E-3) (35'9")627E7CG 90-93 T/330 10.7/15.3 35 160 12.933.473.712.2133.25-29,10.9S/225 (14/20) (77,500) (42'5") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3") 26 PR (E-3) (35'8")627F Series II1DL 93-00 T/330 10.7/15.3 37 06012.93.473.712.2133.25-R2910.9S/225 (14/20) (81,640) (42'5") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3") (E-2/E-3) (35'9")627B/PP15S 73-86 T/225 10.7/15.3 35 660 14.913.453.632.1829.5-29,11.1S/225 (14/20) (78,620) (48'11") (11'4") (11'11") (7'2") 28 PR (E-3) (36'6")627E/PP6GB 86-89 T/225 10.7/15.3 36 130 12.893.473.71 2.21 (7'3") 33.25-29,10.90S/225 (14/20) (79,655) (42'3") (11'4") (12'2") 2.18 (7'2") 26 PR (E-3) (35'9")627E/PP7CG 90-93 T/330 10.7/15.3 36 62015.23.473.712.2133.25-29,10.9S/225 (14/20) (80,735) (49'7") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3") 26 PR (E-3) (35'8")627F/PP Series II1DL 93-00 T/330 10.7/15.3 38 10315.23.473.712.2133.25-R2910.9S/225 (14/20) (84,000) (49'7") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3") (E-2/E-3) (35'9")627G/PPAXF 00-02 T/330/365 10.7/15.3 38 14015.23.473.712.2033.25R2911.7S/225 (14/20) (84,075) (49'7") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3")(38'5")627G/PPCEX 02-05 T/330/365 12/17 39 18615.23.473.712.2033.25R2911.7S/225/249 (15.7/22) (86,390) (49'7") (11'4") (12'2")(7'3")(38'5")627G P/PDBD 05-10 T/330/365 12/17 39 44315.23.583.812.2333.25R2911.7S/239/266 (15.7/22) (86,957) (49'7") (11'9") (12'6")(7'4") (E-3) (38'5")Tractor2.20(7'3")Scraper627HDBW 10-13 T/407 13/18.4 26 127 14.023.574.032.2933.25R2911.8LCTS/290 17.1/24 (90,213) (45'10") (11'7") (13'2")(7'5") (E-3) (38'7")Tractor2.28(7'4")Scraper630A &52F 60-62 420/335 21/27 35 830 14.633.914.012.39 16.0 25-16 11.89482C Scraper(27/35) (79,000) (48'0") (12'10") (13'2") (7'10") 29.5 35-28 (39'0")Scraper 33.5 33-26630A52F 60-62 420/335 16/21.4 31 430 13.823.583.732.21 16.0 25-16 11.89(21/28) (69,300) (45'4") (11'9") (12'3")(7'3") 29.5 35-28 (39'0")630B14G 62-63 420/335 16/23 33 520 14.123.813.712.4116.0-25, 16 13.36(21/30) (73,900) (46'4") (12'6") (12'2") (7'11") 29.5-35, 28 (43'10")630B14G 63-66 400/360 16/23 33 570 14.303.813.942.4116.0-25, 16 13.36(21/30) (74,000) (46'11") (12'6") (12'11") (7'11") 29.5-35, 34 (43'10")630B10G 62-69 /40016/23 35 750 14.353.813.942.4016.0-25, 16 13.36(21/30) (78,800) (47'1") (12'6") (12'11") (7'10") 29.5-35, 34 (43'10")T -- Tractor Engines S --Scraper Engines23-83Former Models WheelTractor-ScrapersWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)Model 631A 631B 631B 631C 631D 631E 631E Series II 631G 631G 631G 632 632 633C 633D 633E 633E Series IIProduct Ident. No. Prefix51FYears Built60-6213G 62-6213G 62-6667M 69-7524W 75-851AB 85-911AB 91-01AWK 00-02CLR 03-05DFA 05-1614G 62-6314G 63-6666M 69-7525W 75-851AB 92-962PS 96-00Horsepower Max/ Rated 420/335 420/335 420/360 /415 473/450 473/450 473/450 450/485 450/485 462/500 420/335 420/360 /415450 475 490Capacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)16/21.4 (21/28) 16/23 (21/30) 16/23 (21/30) 16/23 (21/30) 16/23.7 (21/31) 16.1/23.7 (21/31) 16.1/23.7 (21/31) 16.1/23.7 (21/31) 18.3/26 (24/34) 18.3/26 (24/34) 21.4/29 (28/38) 21.4/29 (28/38)24.5 (32) 17.7/23 (23/34) 17.7/23 (23/34) 17.7/23 (23/34)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)30 250 (66,700) 31 620 (69,700) 31 840 (70,200) 36 350 (80,150) 42 370 (93,410) 43 365 (95,600) 44 210 (97,460) 46 475 (102,460) 46 475 (102,460) 47 628 (105,002) 37 650 (83,000) 39 420 (86,910) 41 750 (92,050) 47 570 (104,870) 50 800 (112,000) 51 100 (112,670)Length12.88 (42'3") 13.05 (42'10") 13.29 (43'7") 13.54 (44'5") 14.25 (46'9") 14.28 (46'10") 14.56 (47'9") 14.56 (47'9") 14.56 (47'9") 14.71 (48'3") 15.21 (49'11") 15.30 (50'2") 13.36 (43'10") 14.40 (47'3") 14.40 (47'3") 14.8 (48'7")Dimensions m (ft)Width3.58 (11'9") 3.81 (12'6") 3.81 (12'6") 3.45 (11'4") 3.96 (13'0") 3.94 (12'11") 3.94 (12'11") 3.94 (12'11") 3.94 (12'11") 3.94 (12'11") 4.04 (13'3") 4.04 (13'3") 3.45 (11'4") 3.96 (13'0") 3.96 (13'0") 3.96 (13'0")Height3.56 (11'8") 3.45 (11'5") 3.63 (11'11") 3.91 (12'10") 4.17 (13'8") 4.29 (14'1") 4.29 (14'1") 4.29 (14'1") 4.29 (14'1") 4.29 (14'1") 4.00 (13'1") 4.00 (13'1") 3.96 (13'0") 4.24 (13'11") 4.24 (13'11") 4.24 (13'11")Width of Tread2.21 (7'3") 2.39 (7'10") 2.41 (7'11") 2.39 (7'10") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.44 (8'0") 2.44 (8'0") 2.39 (7'10") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1") 2.46 (8'1")Tire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & Scraper 29.5-35, 2829.5-35, 2829.5-35, 3429.5-35, 3433.25-35, 38 PR (E-3) 37.25-35, 3037.25R3537.25R3537.25R3537.25R3516.0-25, 16 29.5-35, 34 16.0-25, 16 29.5-35, 34 33.2-35, 3233.25-35, 38 PR (E-3)37.25R35 37.25R35Turning Circle m (ft)11.00 (36'0") 11.31 (37'5") 11.31 (37'5") 11.45 (37'7") 12.2 (40'1") 12.2 (40'1") 12.2 (40'1") 12.2 (40'1") 12.2 (40'1") 12.2 (40'1") 13.36 (43'10") 13.36 (43'10") 11.78 (38'8") 12.4 (40'7") 13.15 (43'2") 13.15 (43'2")23-84WheelTractor-Scrapers Former ModelsWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltHorsepower Max/ RatedCapacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)LengthDimensions m (ft) Width HeightWidth of TreadTire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & ScraperTurning Circle m (ft)63765M 70-75 T/41516/23 41 300 13.653.453.932.39 33.25-35, 32 11.68S/225 (21/30) (91,050) (44'9.5") (11'4") (12'11") (7'10")(38'4")637/PP79P 70-75 T/41516/23 43 700 15.823.453.932.39 33.25-35, 32 11.68637DS/225 (21/30) (96,350) (51'11") (11'4") (12'11") (7'10")(38'4")2326W 75-85 T/45016/23 46 98714.83.964.172.4633.25-35,12.2S/250 (21/31) (103,590) (48'8") (13'0") (13'8")(8'1") 38 PR (E-3) (40'1")637D/PP27W 75-85 T/45016/23 48 53114.83.964.172.4633.25-35,12.2S/250 (21/31) (106,990) (48'8") (13'0") (13'8")(8'1") 38 PR (E-3) (40'1")637E1FB 85-91 T/45016/23 49 940 14.283.944.292.46 37.25-35, 30 12.2S/250 (21/31) (110,100) (46'10") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637E Series II1FB 91-01 T/45016/23 50 990 14.563.944.292.4637.25R3512.2S/250 (21/31) (112,320) (47'9") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637E/PP1FB 85-91 T/45016/23 51 485 15.883.944.292.46 37.25-35, 30 12.2S/250 (21/31) (113,500) (52'1") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637E Series II/PP1FB 91-01 T/45016/23 52 385 16.493.944.292.4637.25R3512.2S/250 (21/31) (115,490) (54'1") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637G/PPAXT 00-02 T/450/485 16.1/23.7 53 590 16.493.944.292.4637.25R3512.2S/249 (21/31) (118,150) (54'1") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637G/PPCEH 02-05 T/450/485 18.3/26 53 562 16.493.944.292.4637.25R3512.2S/249/274 (24/34) (118,084) (54'1") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")637G/PPDFJ 06-16 T/462/500 18.3/26 54 005 16.643.944.292.4637.25R3512.2S/266/283 (24/34) (119,060) (54'7") (12'11") (14'1")(8'1")(40'1")639D99X 79-84 T/4502655 030 14.533.964.062.46 37.25-35, 42 12.4S/250(34) (121,318) (47'8") (13'0") (13'4")(8'1") 37.25-35, 42 (40'7")64164F 62-65 560/450 21.4/29 43 200 14.734.044.002.4433.5-39, 38 12.68(28/38) (95,300) (48'4") (13'3") (13'1")(8'0")(41'7")641B65K 69-81 /55021.4/29 53 07014.964.044.242.5537.5-39, 36 13.00(28/38) (117,000) (49'1") (13'3") (13'11") (8'4")(42'9")65063F 62-64 560/450 24.5/33.6 45 130 16.314.244.012.5418.0-25, 20 13.87(32/44) (99,500) (53'6") (13'11") (13'2") (8'4")S 33.5-39, 32 (45'6")37.5-39, 36650B22G 62-72 /550 24.5/33.6 46 100 17.003.804.302.6518.0-25, 20 14.00(32/44) (101,700) (55'10") (12'6") (14'1") (8'9")S 37.5-39, 28 (46'0")37.5-30, 36T -- Tractor Engines S --Scraper Engines23-85Former Models WheelTractor-ScrapersWheel Tractor-Scrapers (cont'd)Model 651 651B 651E 651E 657 657 657B 657E 657E 657E/PP 657E/PP 660Product Ident. No. Prefix 33G67K89Z4YR31G46M68K90Z6TR91Z5YR90FYears Built 62-68 69-84 82-96 96-06 62-68 68-69 69-84 82-95 96-06 82-95 96-06 62-64Horsepower Max/ Rated 560/450/550550550/605T/450 S/335 T/500 S/400 T/550 S/400 T/550 S/400 T/550/605 S/400/440 T/550 S/400 T/550/605 S/400/440 560/450Capacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 24.5/33.6 (32/44) 30.6/41.3 (40/54)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)43 730 (96,400) 56 340 (124,200) 59 420 (131,000) 61 126 (134,760) 56 550 (124,700) 56 820 (125,155) 63 100 (139,100) 68 720 (151,500) 69 078 (152,290) 72 120 (159,000) 72 857 (160,623) 49 130 (108,300)Length14.93 (49'0") 15.34 (51'4") 16.13 (52'11") 16.18 (53'1") 15.39 (50'6") 15.39 (50'6") 15.7 (51'8")17 (55'10")16.2 (53'1") 18.01 (59'1") 18.01 (59'1") 17.04 (55'11")Dimensions m (ft)Width4.24 (13'11")4.32 (14'2") 4.37 (14'4") 4.37 (14'4") 4.24 (13'11") 4.24 (13'11") 4.32 (14'2") 4.37 (14'4") 4.37 (14'4") 4.37 (14'4") 4.37 (14'4") 4.24 (13'11")Height4.01 (13'2") 4.29 (14'1")4.7 (15'5")4.7 (15'5") 4.09 (13'5") 4.09 (13'5") 4.21 (13'10")4.7 (15'5")4.7 (15'5")4.7 (15'5")4.7 (15'5") 4.37 (14'4")660B 66658K 70-78 /550 30.6/41.3 59 875 17.273.814.37(40/54) (132,000) (56'8") (14'2") (14'4")77F 63-69 T/450 30.6/41.3 56 700 17.044.244.37S/335 (40/54) (125,000) (55'11") (13'11") (14'4")66664H 67-69 T/500 30.6/41.3 58 800 17.274.244.37S/400 (40/54) (129,645) (56'8") (13'11") (14'4")666BT -- Tractor Engines S --Scraper Engines66K 69-78 T/550 30.6/41.3 67 630 17.274.314.37S/400 (40/54) (149,500) (56'8") (14'4") (14'4")Width of Tread 2.54 (8'4") 2.72 (8'11")S 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.62 (8'7") 2.67 (8'8") 2.67 (8'9")S 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.64 (8'8") 2.59 (8'6") Scraper2.59 (8'6") Scraper 2.59 (8'6") Scraper 2.59 (8'9")Tire Size (Standard) &ply rating Tractor & Scraper 37.5-39, 3637.5-39, 36 37.5-39, 3637.5R3940.5/75R3937.5-39, 4437.5-39, 4437.5-39, 44 37.5-39, 4437.5R3940.5/75R3937.5R3940.5/75R3918.0 25-20 37.5 39-28 37.5 51-36 18.0 25-20 37.5 39-28 18.0 25-20 37.5 39-28 37.5 51-36 18.0 25-20 37.5 39-28 37.5 51-51 18.0 25-20 37.5 39-28Turning Circle m (ft) 13.29 (43'7") 13.5 (44'2") 14.5 (47'7") 15.1 (49'8") 13.29 (43'7") 14.57 (47'10") 13.7 (45'1") 14.5 (47'7") 15.1 (49'8") 14.5 (47'7") 15.1 (49'8") 13.87 (45'6")14.00 (46'0") 13.87 (45'6")13.87 (45'6")14.00 (46'0")23-86Tractor-Towed Scrapers Former ModelsTRACTOR-TOWED SCRAPERSModel 40 60 60 70 70 80 80 90435C 435D 435E 435F 435G 463 463C 463E 463F 463G 491 491B 491C TS180 Lead TS180 Trail TS185 Lead TS185 Trail TS220 Lead TS220 Trail TS225 Lead TS225 TrailProduct Ident.No. Prefix1W 1D 2W 8C 3W 2D 5W 9V 45D 45D 85F 45D 27G 62C 62C 86F 62C 28G 98C 9A 47E E1J E1K E1R E1S E1L E1N E1T E1WYears Built 49-59 47-53 52-72 46-53 51-57 46-52 50-56 51-55 56-61 59-61 61-72 62-72 63-73 55-60 59-60 60-71 63-71 63-71 56-64 61-63 63-70 09-13 09-13 09-13 09-13 09-13 09-13 09-13 09-13Capacity Struck/ Heaped m3 (yd3)2.8/3.4 (3.6/4.5)4.6/6.1 (6.0/8.0)5.4/7.0 (7.0/9.0)6.7/8.4 (8.7/11.0)7.8/9.9 (10.2/13.0)10.3/13.8 (13.5/18.0)11.5/15.3 (15.0/20.0)16.2/20.6 (21.2/27.0)9.9/13.8 (13.0/18.0)11.5/14.5 (15.0/19.0)9.2/13.0 (12.0/17.0) 10.7/13.8 (14.0/18.0)9.2/13.0 (12.0/17.0)13.8/29.1 (18.0/25.0) 16.8/21.4 (22.0/28.0) 13.8/20.0 (18.0/26.0) 16.0/21.4 (21.0/28.0) 13.8/20.0 (18.0/26.0)20.6/26.0 (27.0/34.0) 20.6/26.8 (27.0/35.0) 20.6/26.8 (27.0/35.0)11/14.5 (14.4/19) 11/14.5 (14.4/19) 11/14.5 (14.4/19) 11/14.5 (14.4/19)13/18 (17/23.5)13/18 (17/23.5)13/18 (17/23.5)13/18 (17/23.5)Weight kg (lb)3348 (7380)5579 (12,300)6100 (13,500)8527 (18,800)9140 (20,150)11 793 (26,000) 13 533 (29,836)17 208 (37,937)10 659 (23,500) 11 521 (25,400) 10 400 (22,900) 11 300 (24,900) 10 400 (22,900)14 061 (31,000) 15 785 (34,800) 15 600 (34,400) 15 700 (34,600) 13 200 (29,200)16 964 (37,400) 20 902 (46,060) 21 600 (47,500)11 748 (25,900) 12 748) (25,900) 11 748 (25,900) 12 748 (25,900) 13 145 (28,980) 14 145 (28,980) 15 250 (33,620) 16 250 (33,620)Width m (ft)2.27 (7'6")2.65 (8'9") 2.85 (9'5")3.02 (10'0")3.16 (10'5")3.38 (11'2")3.50 (11'6")3.65 (12'0")3.28 (10'10")3.29 (10'10")3.29 (10'10")3.29 (10'10")3.27 (10'9")3.58 (11'9")3.58 (11'9")3.58 (11'9")3.58 (11'9")3.58 (11'9")3.65 (12'0")3.91 (12'10")3.91 (12'10")3.378 (11.08) 3.378 (11.08) 3.988 (13.08) 3.988 (13.08) 3.683 (12.08) 3.683 (12.08) 3.988 (13.08) 3.988 (13.08)Length m (ft)6.40 (21'0")8.43 (27'8")8.52 (28'3")9.50 (31'2")9.53 (31'4")10.82 (35'6") 10.92 (35'0")12.19 (40'0")10.16 (33'4") 10.16 (33'4") 10.06 (33'1") 10.06 (33'1") 10.08 (33'1")11.58 (38'0") 11.58 (38'0") 11.65 (38'3") 11.65 (38'3") 11.52 (37'10")12.13 (39'10")12.49 (41'0") 12.64 (41'6")8.915 (29.25) 8.915 (29.25) 9.119 (29.92) 9.119 (29.92) 9.677 (31.75) 9.677 (31.75) 10.287 (33.75) 10.287 (33.75)Height m (ft)1.68 (5'6")2.36 (7'9") 2.36 (7'9")2.56 (8'5") 2.61 (8'7")2.92 (9'7") 3.09 (10'2")3.20 (10'6")3.01 (9'11")3.01 (9'11")3.07 (10'1")3.02 (9'11")2.97 (9'9")3.39 (11'2")3.39 (11'2")3.28 (10'10")3.28 (10'10")3.14 (10'4")3.96 (13'0")3.96 (13'0")3.96 (13'0")2.362 (7.75) 2.362 (7.75) 2.515 (8.25) 2.515 (8.25) 2.464 (8.08) 2.464 (8.08) 2.515 (8.25) 2.515 (8.25)Width of Cut m (ft)1.82(6'0") 2.1323(7'0")2.40(7'11")2.43 (8'0")2.59 (8'6")2.74 (9'0")2.89 (9'6")3.04 (10'0")2.84 (9'4")2.84 (9'4")2.84 (9'4")2.84 (9'4")2.84 (9'4")3.15 (10'4")3.15 (10'4")3.15 (10'4")3.15 (10'4")3.15 (10'4")3.16 (10'5")3.30 (10'10")3.30 (10'10")3.2 (10.5)3.2 (10.5)3.785 (12.4)3.785 (12.4)3.480 (11.4)3.480 (11.4)3.785 (12.4)3.785 (12.4)23-87Former Models Mining & Off-HighwayTrucks/TractorsMINING & OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCKS/TRACTORSProduct Ident. No. Model Prefix768B79S768C02X76999F769B99F769C01X769D 7705TR, 5SS, BBB BZZ771C3BJ771D 7726JR, 6YS, BCA RLB77280S772B 64W77363G773B 63W773D 7CS, 7ER773E BDA (U.S.)773E ASK (India)773F EED, EXD775B7XJ775D 6KR, 8AS775E BEC775F DLS, EYGYears Built 71-78 78-95 62-67 67-78 78-95 95-06 07-14 92-95 96-06 07-14 71-78 78-95 70-78 78-95 96-01 01-06 09-16 06-11 92-95 95-01 01-06 06-11Flywheel Kilowatts Capacity(Horse- Metric Tons power) (U.S. Tons)309--(415)--336--(450)--29831.8(400)(35.0)30932.0(415)(35.0)33636.9(450)(40.6)36336.4(487)(40.0)35536.5(476)(40.3)33640.0(450)(44.0)36341(487)(45)39946.2(535)(51.0)447--(600)--485--(650)--44745.4(600)(50.0)48554.3(650)(59.8)48552.9(650)(58.4)50154.4(671)(60.0)50154.4(671)(60.0)52454.4(703)(60.0)48559.5(650)(65.5)51763.4(693)(69.9)54463.5(730)(70.0)55263.5(740)(70.0)Approx. Weight kg (lb)22 000 (48,500) 24 624 (54,285) 25 365 (55,870) 28 000 (61,800) 30 675 (67,855) 33 875 (74,682) 34 642 (76,372) 34 170 (75,345) 33 784 (74,482) 35 864 (79,066) 32 100 (70,800) 32 909 (72,550) 37 800 (83,360) 38 321 (84,500) 43 600 (96,000) 45 480 (100,180) 45 480 (100,180) 45 069 (99,360) 42 324 (93,325) 43 200 (95,300) 43 470 (95,810) 45 620 (100,575)Dimensions m (ft)Dumping Loading Height Turning Width Length Height Height (55°) CircleTire Size3.61 6.55 (11'10") (21'6")4.70 8.00 (15'5") (26'3") 3.63 7.64 (11'11") (25'1") 3.64 7.85 (11'11.5") (25'9") 4.70 8.00 (15'5") (26'3") 5.07 8.24 (16'8") (27'0") 4.75 8.74 (15'8") (28'9")4.74 8.20 (15'7") (26'11") 5.07 8.40 (16'8") (27'7") 4.75 8.74 (15'8") (28'9") 4.06 7.11 (13'4") (23'4") 4.86 9.12 (15'11") (29'11") 4.06 8.71 (13'4") (28'7") 4.86 9.12 (15'11") (29'11")5.08 9.21 (16'8") (29'11") 5.08 9.21 (16'8") (29'11") 5.08 9.21 (16'8") (29'11") 5.43 10.33 (17'10") (33'11") 4.91 9.33 (16'2") (30'7") 5.08 9.30 (16'8") (30'6") 5.08 9.21 (16'8") (29'11") 5.43 10.33 (17'10") (33'11")3.48 (11'5") 3.56 (11'8") 4.05 (13'4") 3.89 (12'9") 3.85 (12'8") 4.03 (13'3") 4.14 (13'7") 4.00 (13'1") 4.02 (13'2") 4.22 (13'10") 3.68 (12'1") 4.52 (14'10") 4.27 (14'0") 4.31 (14'2") 4.42 (14'6") 4.42 (14'6") 4.42 (14'6") 4.44 (14'7") 4.31 (14'2") 4.42 (14'6") 4.42 (14'6") 4.44 (14'7")-- -- -- -- 3.07 (10'1") 3.15 (10'4") 3.24 (10'7") 3.14 (10'4") 3.12 (10'3") 3.30 (10'10") 3.40 (11'1") 3.50 (11'6") -- -- -- -- 3.61 (11'10") 3.77 (12'5") 3.79 (12'5") 3.79 (12'5") 3.79 (12'5") 3.77 (12'5") 3.86 (12'8") 3.91 (12'10") 3.91 (12'10") 3.97 (13'0")-- -- -- -- 7.18 (26'7") 7.24 (23'9") 7.68 (25'2") 7.71 (25'4") 8.28 (27'2") 7.68 (25'2") 7.74 (25'5") 8.36 (27'5") -- -- -- -- 8.36 (27'5") 8.72 (28'7") 8.82 (28'11") 8.82 (28'11") 8.82 (28'11") 9.26 (30'5") 8.72 (28'8") 8.82 (28'11") 8.82 (28'11") 9.26 (30'5")18.0 18.00 33--24 PR(59'1")18.518.00R33 E-4(60'8")16.5 18.00 25--32 PR(54'5")18.0 18.00 25--32 PR(59'1")E-318.518.00R33 E-4(60'8")1718.00R33(55'9")20.2 18.00R33 (E-4)(66'3")18.518.00R33 E-4(60'8")1718.00R33(55'9")21.621.00R33 (E-4)(70'10")22.1 24.00 35--36 PR(72'6")23.524.00R35 E-4(77'0")22.1 21.00 35--32 PR(72'6")E-323.524.00R35 E-4(77'0")22.024.00R35(72'2")22.024.00R35(72'2")22.024.00R35(72'2")26.1 24.00R35 (E-4)(85'8")23.524.00R35 E-4(77'7")22.024.00R35(72'2")22.024.00R35(72'2")26.1 24.00R35 (E-4)(85'8")23-88Mining & Off-HighwayTrucks/Tractors Former ModelsMining & Off-Highway Trucks/Tractors (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel Kilowatts Capacity(Horse- Metric Tons power) (U.S. Tons)Approx. Weight kg (lb)WidthDimensions m (ft)Dumping Loading Height Turning Length Height Height (55°) CircleTire Size77614H 75-84 649--49 686 3.51 8.06 3.40----26.8 27.00 49--36 PR(870)--(109,540) (11'6") (26'5.5") (11'2") ----(88'0")E-3776B6JC 84-92649--49 896 3.51 8.06 3.40----25.8 27.00 49--36 PR(870)--(110,000) (11'6") (26'6") (11'2") ----(84'6")E-3776C2TK 92-96649--49 896 3.51 8.06 4.55----25.827.00R4923(870)--(110,000) (11'6") (26'5.5") (14'11") ----(84'6")77784A 74-84 64977.158 886 5.463 9.78 4.90 4.149.2926.8 24.00 49--42 PR(870)(85.0) (129,820) (17'11") (32'1") (16'1") (13'7") (30'6") (88'0")E-3777B4YC 84-9264986.260 055 5.463 9.79 4.97 4.179.4225.8 24.00 49--48 PR(870)(95.0) (132,422) (17'11") (32'1") (16'4") (13'8") (30'11") (84'6")E-3777C4XJ 92-9664986.261 790 5.463 9.79 4.97 4.179.4225.827.00R49(870)(95.0) (136,227) (17'11") (32'1") (16'4") (13'8") (30'11") (84'6")777D 3PR, AGC 96-06 69990.972 5756.11 9.78 5.15 4.3810.0625.327.00R49(Decatur) (U.S.)(938)(100.0) (160,000) (20'0") (32'1") (16'10") (14'4") (33'0") (83'0")777D FKR 06-16 69990.972 5756.11 9.78 5.15 4.3810.0625.327.00R49(Decatur) (India)(938)(100.0) (160,000) (20'0") (32'1") (16'10") (14'4") (33'0") (83'0")777F JRP, JXP 06-1170090.972 739 6.49 10.54 5.17 4.3810.3328.427.00R49 (E4)(938)(100.0) (160,360) (21'4") (34'7") (17'0") (14'4") (33'11") (93'2")784B 5RK 93-98 962--89 280 6.74 9.34 5.47----33.536.00R51 E-3(1290)--(196,825) (22'2") (30'8") (17'1") ---- (109'10")784C2PZ 98-09 1005--88 746 7.00 9.34 5.47----33.836.00R51(1348)--(195,651) (23'0") (30'8") (17'1") ---- (110'11")7858GB 85-92 962136.096 353 6.64 11.02 5.77 4.9811.2030.533.00 51(1290)(150.0) (212,458) (21'9") (36'2") (18'11") (16'4") (36'9") (100'4")785B 6HK 92-98 962136.096 353 6.64 11.02 5.77 4.9811.2030.233.00R51(1290)(150.0) (212,458) (21'9") (36'2") (18'11") (16'4") (36'9") (99'2")7899ZC 86-92 1272177.0121 922 7.67 12.18 6.15 5.2111.9130.237.00R57(1705)(195.0) (268,837) (25'2") (39'11") (20'2") (17'1") (39'1") (99'2")789B7EK 92-98 1272177.0121 922 7.67 12.18 6.15 5.2111.9130.237.00R57(1705)(195.0) (268,837) (25'2") (39'11") (20'2") (17'1") (39'1") (99'2")789C 2BW 98-12 1417180.7132 845 7.67 12.18 6.15 5.2111.9030.237.00R57(1900)(199.2) (292,873) (25'2") (39'11") (20'2") (17'1") (39'1") (99'2")7933SJ 90-92 1534218.0376 482 7.60 12.86 6.43 5.8613.2130.240.00-57(2057)(240.0) (830,000) (24'11") (42'3") (21'1") (19'3") (43'4") (99'2")793B1HL 92-96 1534218.0376 482 7.60 12.86 6.43 5.8613.2130.240.00R57(2057)(240.0) (830,000) (24'11") (42'3") (21'1") (19'3") (43'4") (99'2")793C 4AR, 96-04 1615218.0383 739 7.41 12.87 6.43 5.8613.2132.440.00R574GZ,(2166)(240.0) (846,000) (24'4") (42'3") (21'1") (19'3") (43'4") (106'4")ATY7975YW 98-02 2395326.0557 820 9.14 14.63 7.247.0514.94 32.8655/80R63(3211)(360.0) (1,230,000) (30'0") (48'0") (27'6") (26'10") (49'0") (104'10")797B JSM 02-09 2513354.0623 583 9.66 14.4 7.727.1515.3440.559/80/R63(3370)(394.0) (1,375,000) (31'9") (47'3") (25'4") (23'6") (50'4") (132'10")23-89Former Models On-HighwayTrucksON-HIGHWAY TRUCKSEngineHorsepower (BHP @ 1700 RPM)CT11330/1250 365/1250 370/1350 390/1450CT15450/1550 450/1750 475/1850 500/1650 500/1850 550/1850Torque Peak (lbf-ft @ 1000 RPM)1250 1250 1350 14501550 1750 1850 1650 1850 1850Gov. Speed (RPM)2100 2100 2100 21002100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100Clutch Engagement Torque (lbf-ft at 800 RPM)686 686 770 8111150 1150 1150 1150 1150 115023-90ArticulatedTrucks Former ModelsARTICULATED TRUCKSModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel Kilowatts Capacity Approx.(Horse- Metric Tons Weight power) (U.S. Tons) kg (lb)Dimensions m (ft)Dumping Loading Height Turning Width Length Height Height (55°) CircleTire SizeD20D 9MG 92-9413418.015 000 2.75 8.43 3.30 2.405.007.2523.5R2523(180)(20.0) (33,070) (9'0") (27'8") (10'10") (7'11") (16'5") (24'0")D22*80-8217520.017 700 3.00 7.85 3.09 2.445.037.8726.5R25(235)(22.0) (39,000) (9'10") (25'9") (10'2") (8'0") (16'6") (25'10")D25*8017522.717 300 3.00 7.85 3.09 2.445.037.8726.5R25(235)(25.0) (38,000) (9'10") (25'9") (10'2") (8'0") (16'6") (25'10")D25B*80-8319022.717 900 3.00 7.99 3.25 2.445.037.8726.5R25(255)(25.0) (39,400) (9'10") (26'2") (10'8") (8'0") (16'6") (25'10")D25C 9YC 85-8919422.719 233 3.00 8.73 3.27 2.565.2816.1426.5R25(260)(25.0) (42,400) (9'10") (28'8") (10'9") (8'5") (17'4") (52'11")D25D 1HK 89-0119422.719 450 3.00 8.79 3.34 2.635.197.9526.5R25(260)(25.0) (42,880) (9'10") (28'10") (10'11") (8'8") (17'0") (26'1")D30C 7ZC 85-8919427.221 320 3.30 8.86 3.33 2.855.4616.3329.5R25(260)(30.0) (47,000) (10'10") (29'1") (10'11") (9'4") (17'11") (53'7")D30D 3AJ 89-0121327.221 690 3.30 8.89 3.40 2.835.468.2029.5R25(285)(30.0) (47,320) (10'10") (29'2") (11'2") (9'3") (17'11") (26'11")D35*81-8319031.820 000 3.27 8.44 3.25 2.915.467.8726.5R25(255)(35.0) (44,000) (10'9") (27'8") (10'8") (9'7") (17'11") (25'10")33.25R29D35C 2GD 85-8919431.823 860 3.50 9.44 3.34 2.935.3216.00 Front 29.5R25(260)(35.0) (52,600) (11'6") (31'0") (10'11") (9'7") (17'5") (52'5") Rear 33.5R29D35 HP 3FD 85-8928731.824 950 3.50 9.80 3.51 2.935.3215.78Front 29.5R25(385)(35.0) (55,000) (11'6") (32'2") (11'6") (9'7") (17'5") (51'9") Rear 33.5R29D40D 2JJ 89-9428736.328 027 3.48 9.76 3.56 3.206.007.90Front 29.5R25(385)(40.0) (61,800) (11'5") (32'0") (11'8") (10'7") (19'8") (25'11") Rear 33.25R29D44*81-8633640.028 000 3.66 10.05 3.86 2.906.359.9633.25R29(450)(44.0) (61,600) (12'0") (33'0") (12'8") (9'6") (20'10") (32'8")D44B 4LD 86-8734340.032 296 3.73 10.05 3.98 2.986.409.0833.25R29(460)(44.0) (71,200) (12'3") (33'0") (13'1") (9'9") (21'0") (29'9")D250*75-7817525.018 500 2.66 8.82 3.04 2.616.227.6723.5R25(235)(27.5) (40,700) (8'9") (29'0") (10'0") (8'7") (20'5") (25'2")D250B 5WD 85-9116322.717 963 2.50 9.60 3.18 2.556.237.6520.5R25(218)(25.0) (39,600) (8'2.5") (31'8.5") (10'5") (8'4.5") (20'5") (25'1")D250D 6NG 92-9416022.817 300 2.50 9.60 3.21 2.596.227.6120.5R25(214)(25.0) (38,150) (8'2") (31'6") (10'7") (8'6") (20'5") (25'0")D250E 5TN 95-9819422.720 135 2.74 9.94 3.35 2.706.207.4423.5R25(260)(25.0) (44,397) (9'0") (32'7") (11'0") (8'10") (20'4") (24'5")D250E 4PS 98-0020122.721 600 2.88 10.00 3.35 2.756.397.4423.5R25Series II(270)(25.0) (47,628) (9'5") (32'10") (11'0") (9'0") (20'11") (24'5")725AFX 00-0520923.622 730 2.88 9.92 3.44 2.756.437.2623.5R25(280)(26.0) (50,120) (9'5") (32'7") (11'3") (9'0") (21'1") (23'10")725B1L 05-1323023.622 260 2.88 9.92 3.44 2.756.417.2523.5R25(309)(26.0) (49,075) (9'5") (32'6") (11'3") (9'0") (21'0") (23'10")725C TFB 14-1623923.623 220 3.7 10.45 3.47 2.736.3116.223.5R25(320)(26)(51,191) (12'2") (34'3") (11'4") (8'9") (20'7") (53'0")725C LFB 14-1623923.622 950 3.7 10.45 3.47 2.736.3116.223.5R25(320)(26)(50,596) (12'2") (34'3") (11'4") (8'9") (20'7") (53'0")*Information not available -- DJB models.23-91Former Models ArticulatedTrucksArticulated Trucks (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel Kilowatts Capacity Approx.(Horse- Metric Tons Weight power) (U.S. Tons) kg (lb)D275*78-8017525.018 700(235)(27.5) (41,000)D275B*80-8219025.019 200(255)(27.5) (42,400)D300*D300B 4SDD300D 5MGD300E 7FND300E 5KSSeries II730AGF730 B1M730 Ejector 730CB1W TFF730C LFF730C ej TFH730C ej LFHD330*D330B*D350*D350B*D350C 8XCD350D 9RFD350E 9LRD350E 2XW Series II76-78 85-91 92-95 95-98 98-00 00-05 05-13 05-13 14-16 14-16 14-16 14-16 78-80 80-83 78-80 80-83 85-89 89-94 96-99 99-01190 (255) 194 (260) 213 (285) 212 (285) 212 (285) 228 (305) 242 (325) 242 (325) 280 (375) k280 (375) 280 (375) 280 (375) 190 (255) 190 (255) 190 (255) 190 (255) 194 (260) 213 (285) 253 (340) 265 (355)30.0 (33.0) 27.2 (30.0) 27.2 (30.0) 27.2 (30.0) 27.2 (30.0) 28.1 (31.5) 28.1 (31.0) 28.1 (31.0)28 (31) 28 (31) 28 (31) 28 (31) 30.0 (33.0) 30.0 (33.0) 31.8 (35.0) 31.8 (35.0) 31.8 (35.0) 31.8 (35.0) 31.7 (35.0) 31.8 (35.0)19 500 (42,900) 19 800 (43,520) 20 680 (45,600) 21 940 (48,369) 22 793 (50,235) 23 230 (51,222) 22 850 (50,376) 25 550 (56,328) 24 100 (53,131) 23 700 (52,250) 26 800 (59,084) 26 400 (58,202) 20 000 (43,000) 20 200 (44,400) 21 000 (46,000) 21 400 (47,200) 23 315 (51,400) 24 595 (54,221) 27 871 (61,455) 30 190 (66,560)*Information not available -- DJB models.Dimensions m (ft)Dumping Loading Height Turning Width Length Height Height (55°) Circle2.66 8.82 3.17 (8'9") (29'0") (10'7") 2.66 8.96 3.21 (8'9") (29'5") (10'7") 2.80 8.82 3.04 (9'2") (29'0") (10'0") 2.50 9.60 3.18 (8'2.5") (31'8.5") (10'5") 2.88 9.87 3.28 (9'6") (32'5") (10'9") 2.89 9.94 3.35 (9'6") (32'7") (11'0") 2.91 10.00 3.35 (9'7") (32'10") (11'0") 2.88 9.92 3.44 (9'5") (32'7") (11'3") 2.88 9.92 3.44 (9'5") (32'6") (11'3") 3.24 9.73 3.45 (10'6") (31'9") (11'3")3.7 10.45 3.48 (12'2") (34'3") (11'4")3.7 10.45 3.48 (12'2") (34'3") (11'4")3.7 10.38 3.45 (12'2") (34'0") (11'3")3.7 10.38 3.45 (12'2") (34'0") (11'3") 2.80 8.82 3.17 (9'2") (28'11") (10'5")2.76 9.08 3.25 (9'1") (29'9") (10'8") 3.00 8.95 3.21 (9'10") (29'4") (10'7") 3.00 9.09 3.25 (9'10") (29'10") (10'8") 3.00 9.93 3.27 (9'10") (32'7") (10'9") 3.00 9.95 3.34 (9'10") (32'7") (11'0") 3.26 10.38 3.51 (10'8") (34'1") (11'6") 3.26 10.65 3.51 (10'8") (35'1") (11'6")2.61 (8'7") 2.61 (8'7") 2.68 (8'10") 2.55 (8'4.5") 2.66 (8'9") 2.85 (9'4") 2.89 (9'6") 2.89 (9'6") 2.90 (9'5") 3.05 (10'0") 2.91 (9'6") 2.91 (9'6") 3.03 (9'9") 3.03 (9'9") 2.68 (8'9") 2.68 (8'9") 2.82 (9'3") 2.85 (9'4") 2.91 (9'6") 2.93 (9'7") 2.94 (9'8") 2.92 (9'7")6.22 (20'5") 6.22 (20'5") 6.22 (20'5") 6.23 (20'5")6.42 (21'1") 6.26 (20'6") 6.44 (21'2") 6.50 (21'4") 6.50 (21'3")-- -- 6.46 (21'2") 6.46 (21'2") -- -- -- -- 6.22 (20'5") 6.33 (20'9") 6.35 (20'10") 6.40 (21'0") 6.52 (21'5") 6.52 (21'5") 6.60 (21'8") 6.83 (20'5")7.75 (25'3")7.75 (25'5")7.67 (25'2")7.76 (25'6")7.76 (25'5")7.60 (24'10")7.60 (24'10")7.26 (23'10")7.25 (23'0")7.25 (23'10")16.2 (53'0")16.2 (53'0") 15.2 (49'9") 15.2 (49'9")7.80 (25'7")7.92 (26'0")7.95 (26'1")7.95 (26'1") 16.16 (53'0") 16.06 (52'8")8.21 (26'11")8.45 (27'8")Tire Size 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 750/65/R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 750/65 750/65 23.5R25 23.5R25 26.5R25 26.5R25 26.5R25 26.5R25 26.5R25 26.5R2523-92ArticulatedTrucks Former ModelsArticulated Trucks (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel Kilowatts Capacity Approx.(Horse- Metric Tons Weight power) (U.S. Tons) kg (lb)Dimensions m (ft)Dumping Loading Height Turning Width Length Height Height (55°) CircleTire Size735 AWR 02-0527232.729 858 3.31 10.89 3.70 2.976.968.1426.5R25(365)(36)(65,825) (10'10") (35'9") (12'2") (9'10") (22'10") (26'9")735B1N 05-1032432.731 391 3.43 10.89 3.70 2.986.8116.2726.5R25(435)(36)(69,206) (11'3") (35'7") (12'1") (9'8") (22'3") (53'4")735B T4P 11-1432632.732 549 3.43 11.00 3.70 2.986.8116.2726.5R2523(437)(36)(71,758) (11'3") (36'1") (12'1") (9'8") (22'3") (53'4")735B L4D 11-1432632.732 549 3.43 11.00 3.70 2.986.8116.2726.5R25(437)(36)(71,758) (11'3") (36'1") (12'1") (9'8") (22'3") (53'4")D400 IMD 85-8928736.325 765 3.00 10.42 3.45 3.006.5316.0726.5R25(385)(40.0) (56,800) (9'10") (34'2") (11'4") (9'10") (21'5") (52'9")D400D 8TF 89-9528736.328 027 3.30 10.62 3.56 2.986.608.2629.5R25(385)(40.0) (61,800) (10'8") (34'10") (11'8") (9'9") (21'8") (27'2")D400E 2YR 96-9930236.329 263 3.30 10.52 3.58 3.076.588.2629.5R25(405)(40.0) (64,495) (10'10") (34'6") (11'9") (10'1") (21'7") (27'1")D400E 8PS 99-0130236.331 650 3.43 10.65 3.58 3.106.928.4529.5R25Series II(405)(40.0) (69,760) (11'2") (35'1") (11'9") (10'2") (23'0") (27'8")D400E II APF 99-0130236.332 840 3.50 11.00 3.58 3.07N/A8.4529.5R25Ejector(405)(40.0) (72,380) (11'6") (36'1") (11'9") (10'1")(27'8")740 AXM 01-0530938.132 693 3.43 10.89 3.75 3.187.078.1429.5R25(415)(42)(72,075) (11'3") (35'9") (12'4") (10'5") (23'2") (26'9")740B1P 05-1035039.533 100 3.52 10.89 3.75 3.247.0916.2729.5R25(469)(43.5) (72,973) (11'5") (35'7") (12'3") (10'6") (23'4") (53'4")740AZZ 01-0530938.135 270 3.50 11.59 3.75 3.073.078.6329.5R25Ejector(415)(42)(77,770) (11'6") (38'0") (12'4") (10'0") (10'0") (28'4")740AZZ 01-0530938.135 270 3.50 11.59 3.75 3.073.078.6329.5R25Ejector(415)(42)(77,770) (11'6") (38'0") (12'4") (10'0") (10'0") (28'4")740B T4R 11-1435439.534 408 3.52 11.00 3.75 3.247.0916.2729.5R25(474)(43.5) (75,857) (11'5") (36'1") (12'3") (10'6") (23'4") (53'4")740BL4E11-1435239.534 408 3.52 11.00 3.75 3.247.0916.2729.5R25(472)(43.5) (75,857) (11'5") (36'1") (12'3") (10'6") (23'4") (53'4")740B EJ T4S 11-143543836 984 3.53 11.70 3.75 3.07--17.2829.5R25(474)(42)(81,536) (11'6") (38'4") (12'3") (10'0")--(56'7")740B EJ L4F11-143523836 984 3.53 11.70 3.75 3.07--17.2829.5R25(472)(42)(81,536) (11'6") (38'4") (12'3") (10'0")--(56'7")D550*78-8633650.037 800 3.66 11.35 3.86 3.307.839.6533.25R29(450)(55.0) (83,400) (12'0") (37'3") (12'8") (10'10") (25'8") (31'8")D550B 8SD 86-8734350.040 370 3.72 11.74 3.97 3.228.288.7333.25R29(460)(55.0) (89,000) (12'2.5") (38'6") (13'0") (10'6") (27'2") (28'8")*Information not available -- DJB models.23-93Former Models Wheel DozersWHEEL DOZERSProductFlywheelIdent. No. Years KilowattsModel Prefix Built (Horsepower)814B90P 70-81127(170)814B16Z 81-95161(216)814F9DM 96-02164(220)814FBGF 03-06179(240)814F II BXG06173(232)82429G 63-65224(300)824B36H 65-78224(300)824C85X 78-95235(315)824G 4SN 96-02235(315)824G II AXB 03-04253(339)824H ASX 05-14264(354)83443E 63-7429896-00(400)834B7BR 74-00336(450)834G6GZ 98-01359(481)834G 834H 844 844 844HBPC BTX 2KZ BBN BTW02-04 05-13 98-01 01-05 05-14359 (481) 372 (489) 466 (625) 466 (625) 468(627)854G 1JW 97-99597(800)854G AMP 00-04597(800)854G A4W 04-08597(800)854K221 08-11597(801)854KH9K 11-16597H8M(801)****Turbocharged, Articulated Steering. ****Move to "G" Series. ****New model from Tiger (590). ****New model from Tiger (790).Approx. Oper. Wt.kg (lb)18 780 (41,400) 20 927 (46,137) 22 780 (50,115) 21 713 (47,877) 20 755 (45,765) 31 700 (70,000) 33 330 (73,480) 30 380 (66,975) 26 620 (58,697) 28 724 (63,325) 28 724 (63,325) 40 300 (88,800) 46 350 (102,200) 44 680 (98,500) 47 106 (103,849) 47 106 (103,849) 69 230 (152,620) 70 815 (156,120) 70 815 (156,120) 99 400 (219,125) 99 400 (219,125) 99 400 (219,125) 98 100 (216,273) 98 100 (216,273)Length (Dozer on ground)m (ft)6.49 (21'3")6.82 (22'5")6.82 (22'5")6.90 (22'6")7.04 (23'1")7.40 (24'3.5")7.69 (25'2")8.02 (26'4")8.02 (26'4")8.20 (26'9")7.75 (25'5")8.72 (28'7") 10.40 (34'2") 10.40 (34'2") 10.42 (34'2") 10.90 (35'9") 10.90 (35'9") 10.94 (35'9") 13.40 (44'0") 13.40 (44'0") 13.40 (44'0") 13.45 (44'0") 13.45 (44'0")Tread m (ft) 2.16 (7'1")2.20 (7'3") 2.20 (7'3") 2.20 (7'3") 2.37 (7'10") 2.32 (7'7.5") 2.36 (7'7.5") 2.44 (8'0") 2.44 (8'0") 2.44 (8'0") 2.54 (8'4")2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 2.59 (8'6") 3.10 (10'0") 3.10 (10'0") 3.10 (10'0") 3.30 (10'10") 3.30 (10'10") 3.30 (10'10") 3.30 (10'10") 3.30 (10'10")Wheelbase m (ft)3.10 (10'2")3.35 (11'0")3.35 (11'0")3.60 (11'8")3.35 (11'8")3.55 (11'8")3.53 (11'7")3.70 (12'2")3.70 (12'2")3.70 (12'2")3.80 (12'6")3.81 (12'6")4.55 (14'11")4.55 (14'11")4.55 (14'11")4.60 (15'1")4.60 (15'1")4.60 (15'1")5.89 (19'3")5.39 (19'3")5.39 (19'3")5.89 (19'3")5.89 (19'3")Ground Clearance Transmm (in) mission356PS(14)4F-4R459PS(18)4F-4R448PS(18)4F-4R448PS(18)4F-4R366 (14) 470 (18.2) 490 (19.4) 477PS 4F-4RPS 3F-3RPS 3F-3RPS(18.8) 4F-4R383PS(15)4F-4R383PS(15)4F-4R358PS(14)4F-4R510PS(20.0) 466 (18) 541 (21) 541 (21)3F-3R PS4F-4R PS4F-3R PS4F-3R531PS(21)4F-3R552PS(22)3F-3R552PS(22)3F-3R475PS(19)3F-3R691PS(27)3F-3R691PS(27)3F-3R691PS(27)3F-3R691PS(27)3F-3R691PS(27)3F-3RMaximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd. Rev.32.7 (20.3) 29.9 (18.6) 29.9 (18.6) 29.9 (18.6)31 (19.3) 34.1 (21.2) 29.8 (18.5) 33.2 (20.6)33 (20.4) 32.1 (20) 32.1 (20) 32.8 (20.4) 34.1 (21.2) 38.5 (23.9) 38.5 (23.9) 35.4 (22) 22.5 (14.0) 22.5 (14.0)21 (13) 20.5 (12.7) 20.5 (12.7) 20.5 (12.7) 21.2 (13.2) 21.2 (13.2)39.3 (24.4) 34.1 (21.2) 34.1 (21.2) 34.1 (21.2) 34.9 21.8 34.1 (21.2) 29.8 (18.5) 37.8 (23.5) 37.8 (23.5) 36.6 (22.7) 36.6 (22.7) 35.7 (22.2) 41.8 (25.9) 23.0 (14.3) 23.0 (14.3) 21.4 (13.3) 25.0 (15.5) 25.0 (15.5)23 (14.3) 22.7 (14.1) 22.7 (14.1) 22.7 (14.1) 23.5 (14.6) 23.5 (14.6)* *** *** ****23-94Compactors Former ModelsCOMPACTORSModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixFlywheel Approx. Years Kilowatts Oper. Wt. Built (Horsepower) kg (lb)81591P70-8112717 300(170)(38,200)815B17Z81-9516120 035(216)(44,175)815F1GN 96-0216420 952(220)(46,096)815FBKL03-0617920 755(240)(45,765)815F II BYN0617320 755(232)(45,756)81657U72-8112718 550(170)(40,900)816B15Z81-9516120 628(216)(45,477)816F5FN96-0216420 879(220)(45,934)816F IIBZR0617323 748(232)(52,364)825B43N70-7822430 075(300)(66,300)825C86X78-9623132 400(310)(71,432)825G6RN 96-0223531 740(315)(69,828)825G II AXB 03-0425332 734(339)(72,164)825HAZW 05-1426432 734(354)(72,164)826C87X78-9523534 920(315)(76,990)826G7LN96-0223533 350(315)(73,537)826HAWF 05-1426436 967(354)(81,498)83544N70-7429835 900(400)(79,100)8363RL93-9533645 4507FR95-98(450)(100,000)836G7MZ 98-0135153 680(471)118,348836HBXD 05-1337253 682(499)(118,348)**Turbocharged, Articulated Steering. **Turbocharged, ROPS Cab, Sleeve Metering Fuel System.Drum Width m (ft)0.97 (3'2") 0.98 (3'2") 0.98 (3'2") 0.98 (3'2") 0.99 (3'3") 1.02 (3'4") 1.02 (3'4") 1.02 (3'4") 1.016 (3'4") 1.13 (3'8") 1.13 (3'8") 1.13 (3'8") 1.13 (3'8") 1.125 (3'7") 1.20 (3'11") 1.20 (3'11") 1.20 (3'11") 1.22 (4'0") 1.40 (4'7") 1.40 (4'7") 1.40 (4'7")Articulated Steering Angle,Maximum 44°Either Side 45°Either Side 36°Either Side 36°Either Side 42°Either side 44°Either Side42° Either Side42° Either side44° Either Side42° Either Side42° Either Side42° Either Side42° Either side42° Either Side42° Either Side42° Either side44° Either Side35° Either Side35° Either Side35° Either sideTransmissionPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 2F-2RPower ShiftPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 4F-4RPower Shift 2F-2RPower Shift 2F-2RPower Shift 3F-3RPower Shift 2F-2RPower Shift 2F-2RPower Shift 2F-2RMaximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd.Rev.30.1 (18.7) 37.5 (23.3) 37.6 (23.3) 17.9 (11.1) 17.6 (11.0) 30.1 (18.6) 35.3 (22.0) 36.3 (22.5)9.5 (5.9) 29.8 (18.5) 29.8 (18.5) 15.6 (9.7) 15.6 (9.7) 15.6 (9.7) 32.5 (20.2) 11.2 (6.9) 9.7 (6.03) 32.2 (20.0) 11.3 (7.0) 6.0 (3.7) 10.9 (6.8)35.7 (22.2) 42.9 (26.6) 43.0 (26.7) 19.5 (12.1) 19.5 (12.2) 35.7 (22.4) 40.4 (25.1) 41.4 (25.7) 10.6 (6.6) 29.8 (18.5) 33.9 (21.1) 17.2 (10.7) 17.2 (10.7) 17.2 (10.7) 37.2 (23.1) 13.5 (8.4) 10.6 (6.59) 34.8 (21.6) 14.0 (8.7) 10.2 (6.3) 11.4 (7.1)*23*** ***23-95Former Models Wheel LoadersWHEEL LOADERSProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel ShippingNo. Years Horse- Wt.Model Prefix Built power kg (lb)903C MW4 14-16 424300(9500)904B B4L 05-08 524368(9630)906H07-12 705630(12,412)906H212-15 715630(12,412)907H07-12 705810(12,809)907H212-15 715810(12,809)908H07-12 796465(14,253)908H212-15 716465(14,253)910 80V 73-79 656100(13,400)910 40Y 79-89 656658(14,679)910 41Y 79-89 656658(14,679)910E 1SF 89-92 787298(16,062)910F 1SF 92-95 807009(15,452)910K AY4 14-16 747470(16,463)914G 7ZM 95-14 9579509WM(17,530)PDF914G2 KNP 12-14 957950(17,530)914K CD2 14-16 74 916 2XB 86-92 85 918F 3TJ 92-94 98 920 62K 69-84 80 922A 59A 60-62 80 922B 88J 62-68 808467 (18,663)8554 (18,857)8973 (19,785)8440 (18,600)7350 (16,200)7670 (16,900)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)0.6 (0.8) 0.6 (0.8) 0.9 (1.2) 0.9 (1.2) 1.0 (1.3) 1.0 (1.3) 1.1 (1.4) 1.1 (1.4) 1.0 (1.25) 1.0 (1.25) 1.0 (1.25) 1.3 (1.7) 1.3 (1.7) 1.2 (1.6) 1.2-1.4 (1.6-1.8)Breakout Force kg (lb)2345 (5171) 3633 (8009) 4283 (9442) 4283 (9442) 4283 (9442) 4283 (9442) 4793 (10,566) 4793 (10,566) 4530 (10,000) 5838 (12,870) 5838 (12,870) 6503 (14,339) 6443 (14,207) 6741 (14,857) 6200 (14,007)1.2-1.4 6200 (1.6-1.8) (14,007)1.4 (1.8) 1.4 (1.75) 1.5 (2.0) 1.2 (1.5) 0.93 (1.25) 1.15 (1.5)7357 (16,214)9124 (20,115)9795 (21,598)7901 (17,419)6850 (15,100)9000 (19,900)Width Over Tires m (ft)1.71 (5'7") 1.70 (5'7") 1.84 (6'0") 1.84 (6'0") 1.84 (6'0") 1.84 (6'0") 1.99 (6'6") 1.99 (6'5") 2.07 (6'10") 2.07 (6'10") 2.07 (6'10") 2.15 (7'0") 2.15 (7'0") 2.26 (7'5") 2.258 (7'5")2.258 (7'5")2.26 (7'5") 2.33 (7'8") 2.33 (91.6") 2.16 (7'1") 2.12 (7'0") 2.25 (7'5")Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground max. at max. Clearance height height mm (in) mm (ft) m (ft)3958852.43(16) (2'11") (8'0")2186642.38(8.6) (2'2") (7'10")3008102.40(11.8) (2'8") (7'10")3008102.40(11.8) (2'8") (7'10")3008102.40(11.8) (2'8") (7'10")3008102.40(11.8) (2'8") (7'10")3408552.50(13.0) (2'10") (8'3")3408552.50(13.0) (2'10") (8'3")4058602.46(16) (2'10") (8'1")4059302.40(16) (3'0.6") (7'10")4059302.40(16) (3'0.6") (7'10")34310002.57(13.5) (3'3.4") (8'5")3709812.60(14.6) (3'3") (8'6")3488202.81(13) (2'8") (9'2")456973 2.659(16.3) (3'2") (8'9")Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd.16.0 (10.0) 20.0 (12.4) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 24.1 (15.0) 23.9 (14.8) 23.5 (14.6) 34.0 (21.1) 34.0 (21.1) 40.0 (25.0) 35.0 (22.0)Rev.16.0 (10.0) 20.0 (12.4) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 35.0 (22.0) 10.6 (6.6) 10.6 (6.6) 24.9 (15.5) 22.4 (13.9) 22.4 (13.9) 40.0 (25.0) 35.0 (22.0)456 (16.3)973 (3'2")2.659 (8'9")35.0 35.0 (22.0) (22.0)405 (15) 322 (12.7) 318 (13) 335 (13) 368 (15) 390 (16)847 (2'9") 926 (3'0.5") 802 (2'8") 740 (2'5") 655 (2'2") 680 (2'3")2.78 (9'1") 2.65 (8'9") 2.78 (9'1") 2.77 (9'1") 2.60 (8'7") 2.60 (8'7")40.0 (25.0) 24.8 (15.4) 37.0 (23.0) 43.8 (27.2) 30.4 (18.9) 33.6 (20.9)40.0 (25.0) 25.0 (15.5) 24.5 (15.2) 23.2 (14.4) 32.8 (20.4) 42.9 (26.7)Remarks3114 Engine Z Bar Linkage 3114 Engine Z Bar Linkage C4.4 ACERT Engine Z Bar Linkage Hystat Transmission C4.4 ACERT Engine Z Bar Linkage Hystat Transmission 3204 Engine Z Bar Linkage 3114 Engine Z Bar Linkage23-96Wheel Loaders Former ModelsWheel Loaders (cont'd)ProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel ShippingNo. Years Horse- Wt.Model Prefix Built power kg (lb)Rated Breakout Capacity Force m3 (yd3) kg (lb)Width Over Tires m (ft)Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground max. at max. Clearance height height mm (in) mm (ft) m (ft)Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd. Rev.Remarks924F 5NN 94-99 10590251.79553 2.333188552.70 38.2 23.6(19,900) (2.25) (21,067) (7'6") (12.5) (2'8") (8'10") (23.6) (14.8)924G 9SW 99-02 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)23924G 3PZ 99-02 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924G AAN 99-02 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924G DDA 02-07 12999771.811 452 2.363701451 2.918 38.5 21.8(21,996) (2.3) (25,247) (7'9")(15) (4'10") (9'7") (23.9) (13.5)924G RBB 02-07 12999771.811 452 2.363701451 2.918 38.5 21.8(21,996) (2.3) (25,247) (7'9")(15) (4'10") (9'7") (23.9) (13.5)924G WMB 02-07 12999771.811 452 2.363701451 2.918 38.5 21.8(21,996) (2.3) (25,247) (7'9")(15) (4'10") (9'7") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz 6YW 99-02 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz 3DZ 99-03 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz AAB 99-04 12096151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz DFZ 02-04 12996151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz RTA 02-07 12996151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924Gz WGX 02-07 12996151.89876 2.363701318 2.828 38.5 21.8(21,197) (2.3) (21,772) (7'9")(15)(4'4") (9'4") (23.9) (13.5)924H HXC 07-13 132 11 6352.19003 2.494361060 2.759 39.7 22.9(25,651) (2.7) (19,848) (8'2")(17)(3'6") (9'1") (24.7) (14.2)924Hz JZZ 10-13 132 11 0212.18975 2.49436859 2.757 39.7 22.9(24,297) (2.7) (19,787) (8'2")(17) (2'10") (9'1") (24.7) (14.2)924K PWR 11-15 146 12 8681.910 223 2.544001024 2885 40.0 40.0(28,360) (2.5) (22,531) (8'4") (15.7) (3'4") (9'5") (25.0) (25.0)924K HJF 13-15 141 11 5501.712 273 2.543979502857 40.0 40.0ENC(25,464) (2.2) (27,057) (8'4") (15.7) (3'1") (9'4") (25.0) (25.0)926 94Z 84-87 10588001.2150702.333419242.67 30.3 32.3(19,400) (1.75) (11,179) (7'8") (13.5) (3'0") (8'9") (18.8) (20.0)926E 94Z 87-92 11094321.710 044 2.3334110032.75 34.2 36.8 3204 Engine(20,794) (2.25) (22,143) (7'8") (13.5) (3'3.5") (9'0") (21.2) (22.9) Z Bar Linkage928F 2XL 93-96 120 10 8702.110 090 2.433189562.74 36.5 21.1 3116 Engine(23,920) (2.75) (22,200) (8'0")(13)(3'2") (9'0") (22.6) (13.1) Z Bar Linkage928G 6XR 96-02 125 11 2502.011 723 2.444081455 2.879 37.7 25.8(24,802) (2.6) (25,849) (8'0")(16)(4'9") (9'5") (23.4) (16)928G 7SR 96-02 125 11 2502.011 723 2.444081455 2.879 37.7 25.8(24,802) (2.6) (25,849) (8'0")(16)(4'9") (9'5") (23.4) (16)928Gz DJD 02-07 143 11 2502.011 723 2.444081455 2.879 37.7 25.8(24,802) (2.6) (25,849) (8'0")(16)(4'9") (9'5") (23.4) (16)928Gz WLG 02-07 143 11 2502.011 723 2.444081455 2.879 37.7 25.8(24,802) (2.6) (25,849) (8'0")(16)(4'9") (9'5") (23.4) (16)928Hz CXK 07-13 152 12 6182.39002 2.57408963 2.842 37.6 26.7(27,818) (3.0) (19,846) (8'5")(16)(3'2") (9'4") (23.4) (16.6)23-97Former Models Wheel LoadersWheel Loaders (cont'd)ProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel ShippingNo. Years Horse- Wt.Model Prefix Built power kg (lb)930 41K 68-85 1009660(21,300)930G TWR 05-07 149 12 756(28,122)930G TFR 05-07 149 12 756(28,122)930H DHC 07-13 152 13 174(29,044)930K RHN 11-15 160 13 829(30,479)930K EYE 13-15 160 13 135DYB(28,958)936 33Z 83-87 125 11 884(26,200)936E 33Z 87-92 135 12 300(27,000)936F 8AJ 92-94 140 12 300(27,060)938F94-97 140 13 030(28,730)938G 4YS 97-02 160 12 962(28,578)938G CRD 02-07 160 13 452Series II(29,656)938H MJC 05-12 197 14 919(32,881)938K SWL 11-15 173 15 928(35,104)938K XXT 13-15 188 15 146HFW(33,301)944 87J 59-68 100 10 100(22,000) 950 81J 68-81 130 12 930(28,500)950B 22Z 81-87 155 14 650(32,300)950E 22Z 87-91 160 15 856(34,883)950F 7ZF 90-92 170 16 086(35,463)950F 5SK 93-98 170 16 880Series II(37,220)950G 3JW 98-02 183 16 9044BS(37,266)950G AXX 02-05 183 17 780Series II AXR(39,198)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)1.7 (2.25)2.3 (3.0) 2.3 (3.0) 2.3 (3.0) 2.1 (2.7) 2.1 (2.7) 2.1 (2.75) 2.3 (3.0) 2.3 (3.0) 2.5 (3.25) 2.8 (3.65) 2.8 (3.66) 2.5 (3.3) 2.5 (3.3) 2.5 (3.3) 1.53 (2.0) 1.53 (2.07) 2.9 (3.75) 3.1 (4.0) 3.1 (4.0) 3.1 (4.0) 3.5 (4.5) 3.1 (4.05)Breakout Force kg (lb)7900 (17,410) 14 567 (32,115) 14 567 (32,115) 12 852 (28,334) 12 366 (27,254) 12 366 (27,254) 12 514 (28,708) 12 920 (28,483) 12 920 (28,483) 12 330 (27,180) 11 227 (24,770) 11 156 (24,594) 13 751 (30,316) 13 170 (29,027) 13 170 (29,027)9800 (21,700) 10 320 (22,760) 15 680 (35,895) 13 586 (29,925) 14 954 (32,974) 14 960 (32,980) 14 888 (32,810) 15 724 (34,666)Width Over Tires m (ft)2.39 (7'10") 2.41 (7'11") 2.41 (7'11") 2.57 (8'5") 2.54 (8'4") 2.54 (8'4") 2.56 (8'4.5") 2.56 (8'5") 2.58 (8'5") 2.61 (8'7") 2.60 (8'6") 2.60 (8'6") 2.65 (8'8") 2.675 (8'9") 2.675 (8'9") 2.40 (7'10") 2.41 (7'11") 2.67 (5'9") 2.76 (9'0") 2.76 (9'0") 2.76 (9'0") 2.89 (9'6") 2.89 (9'6")Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground max. at max. Clearance height height mm (in) mm (ft) m (ft)34813502.79(13.7) (3'9") (9'2")4211542 2.917(16) (5'1") (9'7")4211542 2.917(16) (5'1") (9'7")411995 2.773(16) (3'3") (9'1")4001064 2828(15.7) (3'5") (9'3")3971033 2855(15.7) (3'4") (9'4")32910552.80(13) (3'0") (9'2")37910262.87(14.9) (2'11") (9'2")3799972.84(14.9) (3'3") (9'4")40010042.85(16) (3'4") (9'4")40010552.72(16) (3'6") (8'11")4001068 2.771(16) (3'6") (9'1")3971019 2.849(16) (3'4") (9'4")3901146 2834(15.3) (3'9") (9'3")2861108 2869(11.2) (3'7") (9'4")4509052.96(18) (3'0") (9'9")3817402.82(15) (2'5") (9'3")42711252.95(16.8) (3'8") (9'8")40011602.85(15.7) (3'10") (9'4")47411602.85(18.7) (3'10") (9'4")46011802.83(18.1) (3'10") (9'3")40012702.89(16) (4'2") (9'6")41212022.92(16.2) (3'11") (9'7")Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd. Rev.44.2 (27.5) 38.3 (23.8) 38.3 (23.8) 39.7 (24.7) 40.0 (25.0) 40.0 (25.0) 34.4 (21.4) 40.6 (25.2) 42.3 (26.3) 37.9 (23.6) 39.4 (24.5) 38.8 (24.1) 41.1 (25.5) 40.0 (25.0) 40.0 (25.0) 38.5 (23.9) 35.9 (22.3) 36.4 (22.6) 36.2 (22.4) 39.3 (24.4) 38.7 (24.0) 37.0 (23.0) 37.0 (23.0)23.3 (14.5) 24.1 (15) 24.1 (15) 22.9 (14.2) 40.0 (25.0) 40.0 (25.0) 38.4 (23.9) 45.3 (28.2) 46.7 (29.6) 22.0 (13.7) 23.4 (14.5) 23.3 (14.5) 25.0 (15.5) 40.0 (25.0) 40.0 (25.0) 46.6 (28.9) 42.5 (26.4) 39.4 (24.5) 39.9 (24.7) 43.0 (26.7) 42.7 (26.5) 40.7 (25.3) 40.0 (24.9)Remarks Z Bar LinkageBox Frame Wet Disc BrakesArticulated Steering, 4 Wheel Drive Z Bar Linkage 23.5-25 Std. Tires Wet Disc Brakes Integral ROPS Electronic Shift23-98Wheel Loaders Former ModelsWheel Loaders (cont'd)ProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel ShippingNo. Years Horse- Wt.Model Prefix Built power kg (lb)Rated Breakout Capacity Force m3 (yd3) kg (lb)Width Over Tires m (ft)Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground max. at max. Clearance height height mm (in) mm (ft) m (ft)Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd. Rev.Remarks960F 9ZJ 94-98 200 18 0703.514 500 2.7745410302.92 39.4 43.2 Material Handler(39,840) (4.5) (31,970) (9'1") (17.9) (3'5") (9'6") (24.5) (26.8)962G 4PW 98-02 200 17 9413.814 480 2.9040012502.7737.0 40.75AS(39,553) (5.0) (31,950) (9'8")(16)(4'2") (9'2") (23.0) (25.3)23962G AXY 02-05 204 18 5473.514 072 2.8941213082.8137.0 40.0Series II AXS(40,889) (4.58) (31,024) (9'6") (16.2) (4'2") (9'2") (23.0) (24.9)966A 33A 60-63 140 13 060 2.10 13 470 2.704509002.95 43.0 51.5(28,800) (2.75) (29,700) (8'10") (18) (3'0") (9'8") (26.7) (32.3)966B 75A 63-68 150 14 300 2.29 14 000 2.704009002.95 38.5 46.3(31,500) (3.0) (31,000) (8'10") (16) (3'0") (9'8") (23.9) (28.8)966C 76J 68-81 170 16 7303.111 600 2.7740014202.9538.0 45.1(36,890) (4.0) (25,578) (9'1") (15.7) (4'8") (9'8") (23.6) (28.0)966D 99Y 80-87 200 19 7303.320 972 2.8645112303.14 34.3 38.1 Z Bar Linkage(43,500) (4.25) (48,150) (9'4.8") (17.8) (4'0") (10'3.5") (21.3) (23.7)966E 99Y 87-90 216 20 3243.818 939 2.9447612902.97 38.2 43.6 26.5-25 Std.Tires(44,767) (5.0) (41,715) (9'8") (18.7) (4'3") (9'9") (23.7) (27.0)966F 4YG 90-93 220 20 4663.820 493 2.9447612802.9837.6 42.6(45,119) (5.0) (45,187) (9'8") (18.7) (4'2") (9'9") (23.4) (26.4) Wet Disc Brakes966F 1SL 93-98 220 21 2903.820 490 2.9447612772.98 38.8 43.9 Integral ROPSSeries II(46,950) (5.0) (45,180) (9'8") (18.7) (4'2") (9'9") (24.1) (27.3) Electronic Shift966G 3SW 98-02 235 22 0684.019 986 2.9756512953.1037.1 42.23ZS(48,651) (5.25) (44,120) (9'9")(22)(4'3") (10'2") (23.1) (26.2)966G ANZ 01-05 246 22 870 4.25 19 273 3.0447113283.0737.2 38.5Series II ANT(50,400) (5.5) (42,477) (9'11") (18.5) (4'4") (10'0") (23.1) (23.9)966K XE NGX 12-14 29924 189 (53,311)4.217 641 2.99(5.5) (38,984) (9'9")475 (18.7)1388 (4'6")2.99 (9'9")40.0 28.0 Advanced (24.9) (17.4) Power Train970F 7SK 93-98 250 23 6904.716 510 2.9448213573.2237.3 42.7 Material Handler(52,240) (6.0) (36,400) (9'8")(19)(4'5") (10'6") (23.2) (26.5) New Model972G 4WW 98-02 265 24 4684.721 618 2.9756512553.1537.0 41.97LS(53,942) (6.0) (47,580) (9'9")(22)(4'1") (10'4") (22.9) (26.0)972G AWP 01-05 270 25 4904.722 036 2.9556513253.23 36.9 38.8Series II ANY(56,180) (6.0) (48,554) (9'9") (22.2) (4'4") (10'7") (22.9) (24.0)980 42H 66-70 235 20 000 3.06 18 860 2.8739911903.0742.0 26.7(44,000) (4.0) (41,570) (9'5")(16) (3'11") (10'1") (26.1) (16.6)980B 89P 70-78 260 23 360 3.44-4.21 15 900 3.11--11203.2043.0 27.4(51,500) (4.5-5.5) (35,100) (10'2")--(3'8") (10'6") (26.7) (17.0)980C 63X 79-91 270 27 5595.223 188 3.1541714803.1934.6 39.6 Dual(60,755) (6.75) (51,121) (10'4") (16.4) (4'10") (10'6") (21.5) (24.5) Z Bar Linkage980F 8JN 91-92 275 27 5805.323 188 3.1546915003.1637.4 42.8 Electronic Shift(60,800) (7.0) (51,121) (10'4") (18.5) (4'11") (10'5") (23.2) (26.6)980F 4RN 92-95 275 27 5805.323 188 3.1546915003.1637.4 42.8Series II(60,800) (7.0) (51,121) (10'4") (18.5) (4'11") (10'5") (23.2) (26.6)980G 2KR 95-01 300 29 4805.423 760 3.2546715403.2737.4 42.8(65,000) (7.0) (52,390) (10'8") (18.4) (5'1") (10'8") (23.2) (26.6)980G AWH 01-05 311 30 2075.721 414 3.2546715453.2737.4 42.8Series II(66,576) (7.5) (47,277) (10'8") (18.4) (5'1") (10'9") (23.2) (26.6)23-99Former Models Wheel LoadersWheel Loaders (cont'd)ProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel ShippingNo. Years Horse- Wt.Model Prefix Built power kg (lb)988 87A 63-76 325 35 800(79,000)988B 50W 76-93 375 43 365(95,600)988F 8YG 93-95 400 43 540(95,900)988F 2ZR 95-00 475 45 678Series II(100,492)988G 2TW 01-05 475 50 040BNH(110,320)988H BXY 05-15 501 50 144A7A(110,549)990 7HK 93-95 610 72 910(160,600)990 4FR 96-05 625 72 200Series II(159,170)990H BWX 05-14 627 77 842(171,642) 992 25K 68-73 550 47 670(105,100)992B 25K 73-77 550 64 320(141,800)992C 42X 77-81 690 85 640(188,800)992C 49Z 81-92 690 88 430(194,950)992D 7MJ 92-97 710 88 690(195,125)992G 7HR 98-00 800 91 540(201,810)992K H4C 07-11 801 97 294(214,535)992K ZMX 11-16 801 97 294880(214,535)993K Z9K 07-12 945 133 637(294,800)994 9YF 90-98 1250 177 000(390,300)994D 3TZ 98-05 1250 191 200(420,640)994F 442 05-11 1577 195 434(429,955)994H DWC 11-14 1577 195 434(429,955)Rated Breakout Capacity Force m3 (yd3) kg (lb)4.6-5.4 21 380(6.0-7.0) (47,130)5.4-6.3 36 330(7.0-8.25) (80,100)5.4-6.1 37 363(7.0-8.0) (82,371)6.1-6.9 37 400(8.0-9.0) (82,282)6.3-7.0 46 950(8.2-9.2) (103,500)6.4-7.7 41 531(8.3-10) (91,560)8.659 776(11.2) (131,784)8.4-9.2 63 100(11-12) (138,800)8.6-9.2 602(11.25-12) (135,429)7.65 36 900(10.0) (81,360)7.65 29 330(10.0) (84,660)9.666 240(12.5) (146,030)10.4 66 285(13.5) (146,132)10.7 62 670(14.0) (137,870)11.5-12.3 62 650(15-16) (137,840)10.7-12.3 584.66(14-16) (128,917)10.7-12.3 584.66(14-16) (128,917)12.8-14.5 72 347(16.7-19) (159,500)10.3 103 420(13.4) (228,000)17.0 96 939(22.5) (213,265)18.0 104 082(23.5) (229,305)18.0 104 082(23.5) (229,305)Width Over Tires m (ft)3.20 (10'7") 3.52 (11'7") 3.52 (11'7") 3.52 (11'7") 3.47 (11'5") 3.47 (11'5") 4.13 (13'6") 4.00 (13'1") 4.16 (13'3") 3.93 (12'11")-- -- 4.55 (14'11") 4.50 (14'9") 4.50 (14'9") 4.50 (14'9") -- -- -- -- 4.93 (16'2") 5.20 (17'1") 5.4 (17'8") 5.4 (17'8") 5.4 (17'8")Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground max. at max. Clearance height height mm (in) mm (ft) m (ft)57014503.33(22.5) (4'9") (10'11")47421503.19(18) (7'1") (10'5")49618303.21(19) (6'0") (10'6")49616113.22(19) (5'3") (10'7")54921134.00(21.6) (6'11") (13'1")54921533.31(21.6) (7'1") (10'10")55220703.99(21.7) (6'10") (13'1")49019904.05(19.3) (6'6") (13'3")4788.07 4220(18.8) (26'6") (13'10")53028204.52(21) (8'3") (14'10")--19304.34--(6'4") (14'3")53323104.17(21) (7'7") (13'8")54423104.17(21) (7'7") (13'8")54423004.17(21) (7'7") (13'8")69123004.60(27.2) (7'7") (15'3")6829313 4480(26) (30'6") (14'8")6829313 4480(26) (30'6") (14'8")7839313 4849(30.8) (30'7") (15'11")66226926.20(26) (8'10") (20'4")6762157 5698(26) (7'1") (18'8")8112721 6002(32) (8'11") (19'8")8112721 6002(32) (8'11") (19'8")Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd.30.6 (19.0) 36.2 (22.5) 35.1 (21.8) 35.1 (21.8) 38.7 (24.0) 38.6 (24.0) 22.5 (14.0) 22.5 (14.0) 22.4 (13.92) 35.6 (22.1) 40.2 (25.0) 21.1 (13.1) 21.0 (13.0) 21.0 (13.0) 20.2 (12.5) 20.6 (12.8) 20.6 (12.8) 20.1 (22.1) 24.7 (15.0) 24.1 (15.0)24 (14.9)24 (14.9)Rev.30.6 (19.0) 41.4 (25.7) 23.5 (14.6) 23.5 (14.6) 22.3 (13.8) 25.1 (15.6) 25.0 (15.5) 25.0 (15.5) 24.8 (15.41) 38.5 (23.8) 43.6 (27.1) 23.3 (14.5) 22.9 (14.2) 22.9 (14.2) 22.7 (14.1) 22.4 (13.9) 22.4 (13.9) 12.5 (13.7) 26.6 (16.5) 26.6 (16.5) 25.6 (15.9) 25.6 (15.9)Remarks3408 Engine Z Bar Linkage Bucket/HP increase STICTM Steer 3408E Engine Axle Shaft Brakes 4.25 m 6 Bar Linkage 3.88 m 6 Bar Linkage ICTC & New Model 3412E EngineStandard Lift 8.6 m3/11.2 yd3 Bucket3412 PCT Engine Z Bar Linkage 3412 DIT Engine6 Bar Linkage "G" Series 10.7 m3/14 yd3 Bucket 10.7 m3/14 yd3 Bucket 12.8 m3/16.7 yd3 BucketExt. High Lift Available Ext. High Lift Available23-100Track Loaders Former ModelsTRACK LOADERSModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerApprox. OperatingWeight kg (lb)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)DimensionsLength** Widthm (ft)m (ft)Height m (ft)Remarks93178U72-796269400.772.741.781.96(15,300)(1.0)(9'0")(5'10")(6'5")23931 LGP10N75-796274981.152.742.291.98(16,530)(1.5)(9'0")(7'6")(6'6")931B29Y79-886573620.84.131.842.68(16,230)(1.0)(13'9") (6'0.5") (8'10")931B LGP30Y79-886580890.83.842.412.68(17,834)(1.0)(12'7") (7'11") (8'10")931C2BJ16775950.772.741.782.687HF(16,743)(1.0)(9'0")(5'10") (8'10")931C LGP6RF16781700.772.741.782.688AF(18,012)(1.0)(9'0")(5'10") (8'10")931C Series II 9AG90-937080470.834.141.972.686AJ(17,742)(1.08)(13'1")(6'5")(8'10")933C11A55-585070300.774.221.771.91 Integral loader(15,500)(1.0)(13'10") (5'10")(6'4")933E11A58-655076400.774.221.771.40 Integral loader(16,850)(1.0)(13'10") (5'10")(6'3")933G42A65-686079000.864.311.772.15 SealedTrack(17,500)(1.125)(14'2") (5'10")(7'1")935B30F87-887578991.04.191.962.68(17,414)(1.25)(13'9")(6'5")(8'10")935C8CF7882051.04.191.962.68(18,089)(1.3)(13'9")(6'5")(8'10")935C Series II SDJ90-938087591.04.371.972.68(19,311)(1.3)(14'4")(6'5")(8'10")939C6DS96-019095781.24.361.962.77(21,072)(1.5)(14'4")(6'5")(9'1")94180H68-727089000.964.501.862.75(19,700)(1.25)(14'10") (6'1")(9'0")* Electric Start941B80H68-818011 2941.154.501.982.75 HP Increase,(24,900)(1.5)(14'10") (6'6")(9'0")* HydraulicTrackAdjusters94331Y80-858011 7501.155.4262.213.02 Hydrostatic drive(25,900)(1.5)(17'10") (8'7")(9'11")94319Z80-928011 7501.155.4262.213.02 Hydrostatic drive(25,900)(1.5)(17'10") (8'7")(9'11") made in France**Height to top of stack. Others to top of seat back. **Overall length to tip of smallest General Purpose bucket.23-101Former Models Track LoadersTrack Loaders (cont'd)Model 951BProduct Ident.No. Prefix79HYears Built67-71951C86J71-819535Z81-8595320Z81-9295376Y81-8595377Y81-85953B5MK92-96953C2ZN96-03953CBBX03-07HT47U50-55955C12A55-60955E12A58-60955H60A60-66955K61H66-71Flywheel Horsepower85 95 110 110 110 110 120 121 128 54 70 70 100 115Approx. OperatingWeight kg (lb)10 025 (22,100) 12 338 (27,200) 14 050 (31,000) 14 050 (31,000) 13 800 (30,500) 13 800 (30,500) 14 400 (31,800) 14 680 (32,360) 15 145 (33,389)2607 (5748) 9590 (21,145) 10 160 (22,400) 11 320 (24,950) 12 700 (28,000)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)1.14 (1.5) 1.34 (1.75) 1.5 (2.0) 1.5 (2.0) 1.5 (2.0) 1.5 (2.0) 1.75 (2.25) 2.3 (3.0) 1.75 (2.25) 0.96 (1.25) 1.15 (1.5) 1.15 (1.5) 1.34 (1.75) 1.34 (1.75)DimensionsLength** Widthm (ft)m (ft)Height m (ft)4.70 (15'6")4.77 (15'8")5.87 (19'3")5.87 (19'3")1.98 (6'6") 1.98 (6'6") 2.38 (7'10") 2.38 (7'10")2.75 (9'0")*2.75 (9'0")*3.08 (10'1")3.08 (10'1")5.87 (19'3")5.87 (19'3")4.23 (13'4")4.35 (14'3")4.35 (14'3")4.32 (14'2")4.60 (15'2")4.60 (15'2")4.79 (15'9")5.00 (16'6")2.38 (7'10")2.38 (7'10")2.38 (7'10")2.30 (7'7") 2.30 (7'7") 2.03 (6'8") 2.03 (6'8") 2.03 (6'8") 1.90 (6'3") 2.06 (6'9")3.08 (10'1")3.08 (10'1")3.08 (10'1")3.08 (10'1")3.16 (10'4")1.83 (6'0") 2.08 (6'11") 2.09 (6'11") 2.65 (8'8")* 2.80 (9'3")*955L85J71-75130955L13X75-81130**Height to top of stack. Others to top of seat back. **Overall length to tip of smallest General Purpose bucket.15 330 (33,800) 15 853 (34,950)1.53 (2.0) 1.72 (2.25)5.30 (16'1")5.26 (17'3")2.18 (7'2") 2.18 (7'2")2.95 (9'8")*2.95 (9'8")RemarksPedal Steering HP Increase, Sealed & Lubricated Track Hydrostatic driveHydrostatic driveHydrostatic driveHydrostatic driveHydrostatic driveSystemOneTM U/CIntegral loaderImproved undercarriage Power shift, Turbo, oil cooled brakes Horsepower and bucket capacity increase ROPS Cab, Sealed & Lubricated Track23-102Track Loaders Former ModelsTrack Loaders (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident.No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerApprox. OperatingWeight kg (lb)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)DimensionsLength** Widthm (ft)m (ft)Height m (ft)Remarks9636Z81-8515018 2502.06.352.503.30 Hydrostatic drive(40,250)(2.6)(20'10") (8'2") (10'10")96311Z81-8515018 3702.06.352.503.30 Hydrostatic drive(40,490)(2.6)(20'10") (8'2") (10'10")96318Z82-8615018 2502.06.352.503.30 Hydrostatic drive23(40,250)(2.6)(20'10") (8'2") (10'10") made in France96321Z82-9515018 3702.06.352.503.30 Hydrostatic drive(40,490)(2.6)(20'10") (8'2") (10'10") made in France963B9BL95-9916019 6202.456.602.503.31 3116 engine(43,270)(3.2)(21'8") (8'2") (10'10")963C2DS99-0316019 0201.754.612.403.32(41,940)(2.25)(15'2") (7'11") (10'11")963CBBD03-0715819 5892.454.612.403.39 SystemOne U/C(43,096)(3.2)(15'2") (7'11") (11'2")97386G81-0021025 0403.27.122.853.42(55,200)(4.2)(23'4") (9'4")(11'3")973C3RZ99-0121027 0063.27.362.583.50(59,548)(4.19)(24'2")(8'6")(11'6")973CBCP01-0523027 0063.27.362.583.50(59,548)(4.19)(24'2")(8'6")(11'6")No. 610A53-558013 2291.54.902.442.11(29,165)(2.0)(16'1") (8'1")(6'11")977D20A55-6010014 4301.725.192.442.22(31,795)(2.25)(18'0")(8'0")(7'4")977E20A58-6010015 8501.725.192.442.29 Improved(34,910)(2.25)(18'0")(8'0")(7'7") undercarriage977H53A60-6615017 0001.905.282.442.29 Power shift,Turbo,(37,500)(2.5)(17'4") (8'0")(7'7") oil cooled brakes977K46H66-7817019 1001.905.502.383.05 Walk-through(42,000)(2.5)(18'0") (7'10") (10'0")* compartment,longer roller frame977L14X78-8219021 7802.105.592.383.32 Horsepower and(48,010)(2.75)(18'4") (7'10") (10'11")* bucket capacityincrease98338K69-7827534 4603.826.782.902.79(75,980)(5.0)(22'3") (9'6") (11'10")*983B58X78-8227535 6203.826.782.903.68(78,530)(5.0)(22'3") (9'6") (12'1")* DI engine**Height to top of stack. Others to top of seat back. **Overall length to tip of smallest General Purpose bucket.23-103Former Models IntegratedToolcarriersINTEGRATED TOOLCARRIERSProductApprox.Ident.Flywheel OperatingNo. Years Horse WeightModel Prefix Built power kg (lb)IT12 2YC 84-89 657393(16,299)IT12B 1KF 89-93 787950(17,530)IT12F 1KF 93-95 807893(17,401)IT14B 3NJ 89-93 858333(18,374)IT14F 4EL 93-95 857999(17,635)IT14G 1WN 95-14 9584508ZM(18,632)FWLKZNIT14G2 ERP 12-14 958450(18,632)Rated Capacity m3 (yd3)1.0 (1.25)1.2 (1.6) 1.3 (1.7) 1.2 (1.6) 1.3 (1.7) 1.2-1.4 (1.6-1.8)1.2-1.4 (1.6-1.8)Breakout Force kg (lb) 7193(15,858) 6160(13,583) 6479(14,247) 7525(16,593) 7170(15,808) 7700(17,342)7700 (17,342)IT18 9NB 84-86 85 IT18B 4ZD 86-92 95 IT18F 6ZF 92-94 105 IT24F 4NN 94-99 105 IT28 2KC 84-86 105 IT28B 1HF 86-93 110 IT28F 3CL 93-96 125 IT28G DBT 02-04 146 IT28G EWF 02-05 131 IT28G WAC 02-05 131 IT38G CSX 02-07 160 Series II IT38H JNJ 07-12 200 950F CT 5SK 94-98 1708660 (19,092)9770 (21,540)9959 (21,960)9989 (20,022)9560 (21,076) 10 580 (23,325) 11 430 (25,200) 12 640 (27,860) 11 250 (24,802) 11 250 (24,802) 14 583 (32,156) 16 000 (35,274) 16 600 (36,580)1.2 (1.5) 1.3 (1.75) 1.6 (2.0) 1.7 (2.5) 1.5 (2.0) 1.7 (2.25) 2.0 (2.6) 2.0 (2.6) 2.0 (2.6) 2.0 (2.6) 2.8 (3.66) 3.0 (3.92) 3.1 (4.0)9105 (20,108) 10 500 (21,350)8880 (19,580)8782 (19,361)9505 (20,955) 10 456 (23,050)9840 (21,700) 10 631 (23,437) 11 723 (25,849) 11 723 (25,849) 11 216 (24,729) 12 797 (28,214) 13 590 (29,950)Width Over Tires m (ft)2.3 (7'8") 2.15 (7'1") 2.15 (7'1") 2.15 (7'1") 2.15 (7'1") 2.258 (7'5")Max. Dump Reach at Clearance Ground Max. at Max. Clearance Height Height mm (in) mm (in) m (ft)4058732.84(15.9) (34) (9'4")3439582.69(13.5) (37.7) (8'10")3659172.74(14)(37) (8'11.8")3449582.70(13.6) (37.7) (8'11")3659182.74(14)(37) (9'0")456787 2.921(16.3) (31) (9'7")Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Fwd. Rev.23.6 (14.6) 34.0 (21.1) 34.0 (21.1) 37.3 (23.2) 37.3 (23.2) 32.0 (20.0)24.9 (15.4) 22.4 (13.9) 22.4 (13.9) 24.4 (15.2) 24.4 (15.2) 32.0 (20.0)2.258 (7'5")2.4 (7'10") 2.28 (7'6") 2.33 (7'8") 2.33 (7'6")2.4 (7'10") 2.32 (7'7") 2.43 (8'0") 2.54 (8'4") 2.44 (8'0") 2.44 (8'0")2.6 (102) 2.67 (8'9") 2.87 (9'5")456 (16.3)285 (11.2) 324 (12.8) 321 (13) 321 (12.6) 285 (11.2) 324 (12.8) 317 (12) 407 (16) 408 (16) 408 (16) 400 (16) 400 (16) 460 (18)787 (31)990 (39) 993 (39) 1089 (43) 1088 (42) 1044 (41) 1091 (43) 1093 (43) 958 (38) 1455 (57) 1455 (57) 1224 (48) 1152 (45) 1714 (68)2.921 (9'7")32.0 32.0 (20.0) (20.0)2.84 (9'4") 2.89 (9'6") 2.75 (9'0") 2.75 (9'0") 2.82 (9'3") 2.73 (8'11") 2.72 (8'11") 2.97 (9'9") 2.879 (9'5") 2.879 (9'5") 2.733 (108) 2.81 (9'2") 2.845 (9'4")25.0 (15.5) 26.4 (16.4) 37.0 (23.0) 38.0 (23.6) 30.8 (18.8) 34.4 (21.4) 35.4 (21.9) 37.7 (23.4) 37.7 (23.4) 37.7 (23.4) 38.8 (24.1) 43.2 (26.8) 38.7 (24.0)25.0 (15.5) 27.7 (17.2) 24.5 (15.2) 23.4 (14.8) 32.3 (20.0) 37.2 (23.1) 21.4 (13.5) 25.8 (16.0) 25.8 (16.0) 25.8 (16.0) 23.3 (14.5) 25.5 (15.8) 42.7 (26.5)RemarksC4.4 ACERT Engine IT Linkage Hystat Transmission C4.4 ACERT Engine IT Linkage Hystat Transmission23-104Telehandlers Former ModelsTELEHANDLERSModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerkW (hp)Operating Weight kg (lb)EngineMaximum Lift Heightm (ft/in)Maximum Reachm (ft/in)Maximum Lift Capacitykg (lb)TH624TM00-02726840Cat 3054T7.64.22725(105)(15,080)(25'0")(13'9")(6000)TH635WM00-02729260Cat 3054T12.58.13000(105)(20,420)(41'0")(26'7")(6615)23TH823JN00-02727470Cat 3054T7.64.23635(105)(16,470)(25'0")(13'9")(8000)TH833RN00-027210 000Cat 3054T12.58.23635(105)(22,050)(41'0")(27'0")(8000)TH1033PN00-027212 500Cat 3054T13.58.84536(105)(27,500)(44'0")(28'9")(10,000)TH210MHT03-06605000Cat 3054B DI5.182.82200(80)(11,023)(17'0")(9'2")(4840)TH215MHS03-06605500Cat 3054B DI5.543.12500(80)(12,100)(18'2")(10'2")(5500)TH220BSLA/TBF03-0774.56700Cat 3054E6.13.33500(100)(14,774)(20'0")(10'9")(7718)TH330BSLB/TBG03-0774.57200Cat 3054E7.23.83600(100)(15,876)(23'7")(12'6")(7938)TH340BSLC03-0674.57700Cat 3054E9.06.53000(99.9)(17,000)(29'6")(21'4")(6600)TH350BSLD03-0674.58480Cat 3054E11.07.43000(99.9)(18,100)(36'0")(24'0")(6600)TH360BSLE/TBH03-0774.59970Cat 3054E13.59.23500(100)(21,984)(44'3")(30'2")(7718)TH460BSLF03-0674.510 500Cat 3054E13.59.24000(99.9)(21,600)(44'4")(30'0")(8800)TH560BSLG/TBP03-0774.512 000Cat 3054E13.59.25000(99.9)(26,500)(44'0")(30'0")(11,000)TH580BSLH/TBJ03-0774.513 670Cat 3054E1712.75000(99.9)(30,100)(56'0")(42'0")(11,000)23-105Former ModelsPaving Products Cold Planers Reclaimers & StabilizersPAVING PRODUCTS -- COLD PLANERSModel PR-75 PR-105 PR-275 PR-450 PR-450C PR-750B PR-1000PM-465 PM-565 PM201Product Ident. No. Prefix 6RC5ZSYears Built 85-92 85-92-- 85-92 92-97 85-9297-03 xx-05 05-14kW Flywheel (Horsepower)52 (77) 67 (90) 201 (270) 336 (450) 336 (450) 559 (750) Cutter 559 (750) Track 186 (250) 353 (473) 466 (625) 485 (650)Approximate Operating Weightkg (lb) 5900 (13,000) 7711 (17,000) 17 237 (38,000) 28 308 (58,000) 28 308 (58,000) 42 638 (94,000)46 780 (103,130)14 333 (31,600) 38 595 (85,100) 39 165 (86,360)General Dimensions (Shipping)Height mm (ft)Length mm (ft)Width mm (ft)2690 (8'10") 2921 (9'7") 28963050 (10'0") 3581 (11'9") 57402130 (7'0") 2515 (8'3") 2438(9'6") 4270 (14'0") 3810 (12'6") 3734 (12'3")(18'10") 13 280 (43'8") 13 200 (43'6") 16 500 (54'0")(8'0") 2870 (9'5") 2490 (8'2") 3575 (11'9")3810 (12'6")16 590 (54'5")4877 (16'0")2820 (9'3") 5040 (16'6") 5040 (16'6")13 716 (45'0") 15 100 (49'5") 15 100 (49'5")2489 (8'2") 2790 (9'2") 2810 (9'2")PAVING PRODUCTS -- RECLAIMERS & STABILIZERSModel SS-250 SS-250B RR-250 RR-250B RM-250C RM-350 SM-350 RM-350B RM500Product Ident. No. Prefix 6DD 5GR 6ED 3RR5FK 1RMYears Built 85-96 96-01 85-96 96-0192-97 92-9706-14kW Flywheel (Horsepower)250 (335) 250 (335) 250 (335) 250 (335) 250 (335) 321 (430) 321 (430) 373 (500) 403 (540)Approximate Operating Weightkg (lb)13 300 (29,300) 14 340 (31,600) 17 876 (39,300) 19 260 (42,470) 16 780 (37,000) 21 440 (47,200) 18 440 (40,600) 24 040 (53,000) 28 145 (62,060)General Dimensions (Shipping)Height mm (ft)Length mm (ft)Width mm (ft)3220 (10'7") 2600 (8'6") 3220 (10'7") 2600 (8'6") 3220 (10'7") 3404 (11'2") 3404 (11'2") 3404 (11'2") 3480 (11'4")8780 (28'10")8560 (28'1") 8780 (28'10") 8560 (28'1") 8780 (28'10") 9577 (31'5") 9577 (31'5") 9980 (32'9") 9680 (31'8")2900 (9'7") 2900 (9'6") 2900 (9'7") 2900 (9'6") 2921 (9'7") 2997 (9'10") 2997 (9'10") 2997 (9'10") 2980 (9'7")23-106Paving Products Unitized Venturi-Mixers & Unitized Drum-Mixers Portable Venturi-MixersFormer ModelsModel UVM-500 UDM-600 UDM-900 UVM-1000 UVM-1400 UVM-1700Model PVM-1100 PVM-1500 PVM-2000 PVM-2500 PVM-2900 PVM-3300PAVING PRODUCTS -- UNITIZED VENTURI-MIXERS & UNITIZED DRUM-MIXERSDrum DimensionsDiameter mm (ft)1829/1524 (6'0"/5'0")1829 (6'0") 2134/1829 (7'0"/6'0") 2134 (7'0") 2286 (7'6") 2591 (8'6")Length m (ft)7.9 (26'0")6.7 (22'0")9.1 (30'0") 9.754 (32'0") 10.973 (36'0") 11.582 (38'0")Gross Volume m3 (ft3)14.17 (500) 17.00 (600) 25.48 (900) 28.34 (1000) 39.64 (1400) 48.14 (1700)PerformanceProduction Range/hr. metric tons (tons)Air Flow m3/min (ft3/min)68-109300-481(75-120)(10,600-17,000)82354.2523(89)(12,500)68-227311-793(75-250)(11,000-28,000)82-272425-1076(90-300)(15,000-38,000)100-358481-1274(110-395)(17,000-45,000)122-480651-1614(135-450)(23,000-57,000)PAVING PRODUCTS -- PORTABLE VENTURI-MIXERSDrum DimensionsDiameter mm (ft)Length m (ft)2134 (7'0") 2286 (7'6") 2591 (8'6") 2896 (9'6") 3048 (10'0") 3200 (10'6")10.97 (36'0") 12.19 (40'0") 12.80 (42'0") 12.80 (42'0") 13.41 (44'0") 13.41 (44'0")Gross Volume m3 (ft3)31.15 (1100) 42.48 (1500) 56.64 (2000) 70.79 (2500) 82.12 (2900) 93.45 (3300)PerformanceProduction Range/hr. metric tons (tons)Air Flow m3/min (ft3/min)82-295 (90-325) 100-363 (110-400) 122-454 (135-500) 136-499 (150-550) 168-553 (185-610) 181-612 (200-675)425-1133 (15,000-40,000)510-1274 (18,000-45,000)680-1699 (24,000-60,000)793-2110 (28,000-74,500)906-2265 (32,000-80,000)991-2464 (35,000-87,000)23-107Former ModelsPaving Products Stationary Venturi-Mixers SlipForm PaversPAVING PRODUCTS -- STATIONARY VENTURI-MIXERSModel SVM-1100 SVM-1500 SVM-2000 SVM-2500 SVM-2900 SVM-3600Drum DimensionsDiameter mm (ft)Length m (ft)2134 (7'0") 2286 (7'6") 2591 (8'6") 2896 (9'6") 3048 (10'0") 3200 (10'6")10.97 (36'0") 12.19 (40'0") 12.80 (42'0") 12.80 (42'0") 13.41 (44'0") 14.63 (48'0")Gross Volume m3 (ft3)31.15 (1100) 42.48 (1500) 56.64 (2000) 70.79 (2500) 82.12 (2900) 101.94 (3600)PerformanceProduction Range/hr. metric tons (tons)82-295 (90-325) 100-363 (110-400) 122-454 (135-500) 136-499 (150-550) 168-553 (185-610) 190-623 (210-685)Air Flow m3/min (ft3/min)425-1133 (15,000-40,000)510-1274 (18,000-45,000)680-1699 (24,000-60,000)793-2110 (28,000-74,500)906-2265 (32,000-80,000)1020-2565 (36,000-90,000)PAVING PRODUCTS -- SLIPFORM PAVERSModel SF-175 SF-250 SF-250B SF-350 SF-450Product Ident.No. Prefix5ZCYears Built--Flywheel Horsepower1426XC--208----250----2907GC 73-83400SF-5008DC--400SF-5505PD--400***Weight of 7.62 m (25'0") machine. ***Weight of 11.58 m (38'0") machine. ***Machine legs and track shipped separately.Approx. OperatingWeight kg (lb)9072 (20,000) 24 494 (54,000) 27 216 (60,000) 40 824 (90,000) 43 546* (96,000) 53 525** (118,000) 52 164 (115,000) 52 164 (115,000)Standard Paving Width m (ft)2.1 (7'0")3.6 (12'0") 3.7-7.3 (12'0"-24'0") 3.6-7.3 (12'0"-24'0") 3.66-7.62 (12'0"-25'0")Shipping Dimensions (Min.)Length m (ft)Width m (ft)Height m (ft)6.6 (21'6")3.0 (10'0")1.5 (5'0") 1.04 (3'5") 9.35 (30'8")2.4 (8'0")3.7 (12'0")3.66 (12'0")3.0 (10'0")3.05 (10'0")2.8 (9'4")3.20 (10'6")2.9 (9'8") 2.90 (9'6")Remarks7.6 (25'0") 5.5-8.5 (18'0"-28'0")8.9 (29'21/2")7.0 (23'0")3.0 (10'0")3.7 (12'0")3.0*** (10'2")2.9 (9'8")23-108Paving Products Placer-Spreader-Trimmer Belt Placer Tube Finisher Texturing/Curing Trimmer-ReclaimerFormer ModelsPAVING PRODUCTS -- PLACER-SPREADER-TRIMMER, BELT PLACERModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel HorsepowerApproximate Operating Weightkg (lb)Height m (ft)General DimensionsLength m (ft)Width m (ft)PST-3008EC--25038 1932.6410.579.02BP-1001EF--102(84,200) 11 340(8'8") 3.27(34'8") 2.49(29'7")2.4923(22,000)(10'9")(8'2")(8'2")PAVING PRODUCTS -- TUBE FINISHER, TEXTURING/CURINGModel TF-250TC-250Product Ident. No. Prefix 6YC7HCYears Built----Flywheel Horsepower5256Approximate Operating Weightkg (lb)5897 (13,000)5897 (13,000)General Dimensions (Shipping)Height mm (ft)Length mm (ft)Width mm (ft)2489 (8'2") 2489 (8'2")8484 (27'10")8484 (27'10")2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0")PAVING PRODUCTS -- TRIMMER-RECLAIMERModel TR-225BProduct Ident. No. Prefix6WCTR-5008CCYears Built----Flywheel Horsepower250375Approximate Operating Weightkg (lb)21 319 (47,000) 46 267 (102,000)General Dimensions (Shipping)Height mm (ft)Length m (ft)Width mm (ft)3200 (10'6") 3099 (10'2")13.9 (45'9.5")8.9 (29'23/4")2896 (9'6") 3048 (10'0")23-109Former ModelsPaving Products Asphalt Pavers Windrow ElevatorsPAVING PRODUCTS -- ASPHALT PAVERS & WINDROW ELEVATORSModel AP-200 AP-200 AP-650B AP755 AP-800 AB-800B AP-800C AP-800D AP-900 AP-1000B AP-1000D AP-1050 AP-1050B AP-1055B AP-1055D AP-1200 WE601B BG-200A BG-210 BG-210B BG-220 BG-220BProduct Ident. No. Prefix 2NK 6ADB2T - B3T 1BF 1BFN/A 1JGN/A 2JD TEC N/A N/A N/A N/A 4ZMYears Built 86-01 85-91 -08 06-12 86-89 89-93-06 -05 05-11 89-9605-11 85-89 85-91 89-91 90-91 91-01 84-87 91-94Flywheel kW (hp)26 (35) 26 (35) 97 (130) 149 (202) 76 (102) 76 (102) 80 (107) 80 (107) 114 (153) 130 (174) 167 (224) 116 (155) 130 (174) 130 (174) 167 (224) 108 (145) 78 (102) 35 (47) 79 (106) 80 (107) 58 (78) 80 (108)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)4080 (9000) 4080 (9000) 13 917 (30,655) 21 600 (47,620) 11 903 (26,350) 11 903 (26,350) 12 115 (26,700) 12 115 (26,700) 14 445 (31,850) 15 490 (34,150) 17 851 (39,320) 14 878 (32,800) 16 015 (35,300) 16 556 (36,500) 20 330 (44,780) 13 608 (30,000) 3856 (8500) 6750 (14,900) 10 192 (22,500) 11 793 (26,000) 9752 (21,500) 12 483 (27,525)Drive Track TrackTrack Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Track Track Track Track WheelN/A Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel WheelScreed Width mm (ft)2743 (9'0") 2743 (9'0") 2400 (8'0") 9100 (29'10") 2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2400 (8'0") 3000 (10'0") 3000 (10'0") 7320 (24'2") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 7320 (24'2") 3048 (10'0") 1524 (5'0") 1803 (5'11") 2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0")Hopper Capacity m3 (ft3)5.4 t (6 T) 5.4 t (6 T) 5 t (177 T) 7.0 (247) 5.8 (206) 5.8 (206) 5.5 (195) 5.5 (195) 6.1 (215) 6.1 (215) 6.1 (215) 6.2 (215) 6.1 (215) 6.1 (215) 6.1 (215) 6.2 (220) N/A3.26 (116) 4.76 (170) 4.8 (170) 3.7 (130) 4.3 (155)Maximum Op. Speed m/min (ft/min)53.6 (176) 0-54 (0-177)67 (220)26 (85) 95 (312) 95 (312) 76 (250) 76 (250) 122 (400) 114 (374) 91 (300) 57 (186) 61 (200) 61 (200) 78 (225) 21.4 (13.3) N/A56 (180)84 (275) 0-21.7 (0-13.5)88 (289)88 (289)23-110Paving Products Asphalt Pavers Windrow ElevatorsFormer ModelsPaving Products -- Asphalt Pavers & Windrow Elevators (cont'd)Model BG-225 BG-225B BG-225C BG-230 BG500E BG600D BG-230D BG-240 BG-240B BG-245 BG-245B BG-245C BG-2455C BG555E BG655D BG1055E BG-2455D AP600D AP655DProduct Ident. No. Prefix N/A N/AN/A 7RL N/A 3XL N/A N/AN/AYears Built 84-8710-13 08-1385-86 87-99 85-87 87-9610-13 08-13 11-13 05-11 08-14 07-14Flywheel kW (hp)58 (78) 118 (158) 97 (130) 80 (107) 106 (142) 129 (174) 97 (130) 72 (96) 86 (115) 72 (96) 116 (155) 130 (174) 130 (174) 106 (142) 129 (174) 168 (225) 167 (224) 129 (174) 129 (174)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)11 339 (25,000) 16 400 (36,200) 13 917 (30,655) 12 111 (26,700) 15 520 (34,220) 17 122 (37,747) 13 307 (29,310) 13 154 (29,000) 15 200 (33,500) 14 514 (32,000) 16 080 (35,450) 16 015 (35,300) 16 555 (36,500) 16 240 (35,810) 18 250 (40,234) 20 076 (44,167) 20 330 (44,780) 17 122 (37,749) 18 245 (40,225)Drive Track Track Track Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Track Track Track Track Track Track Track Track Wheel TrackScreed Width mm (ft)2438 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2400 (8'0") 2438 (8'0") 2440 (8'0") 2440 (8'0") 2400 (8'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 2440 (8'0") 2440 (8'0") 3000 (10'0") 7320 (24'2") 2440 (8'0") 2440 (8'0")Hopper Capacity m3 (ft3)Maximum Op. Speed m/min (ft/min)3.758(130)(188)4.357(155)(189)567(177)(220)235.576(195)(250)6.261(219)(200)6.561(230)(200)5.576(195)(250)3.781(130)(265)6.581(230)(265)5.858(206)(189)5.855(206)(182)6.160.1(215)(200)6.161(215)(200)6.261(219)(200)6.561(230)(200)7.161(251)(200)6.178(215)(225)6.561(230)(200)6.561(230)(200)23-111Former ModelsPaving Products Asphalt Pavers Windrow ElevatorsPaving Products -- Asphalt Pavers & Windrow Elevators (cont'd)Model BG-260 BG-260B BG1000E BG-260D BG-265 BG-265B BG-270B BG-610 BG-610A BG-650 BG-710 BG-730 BG-750 MTP-1260 MTP-1265 AP300 AP1000E AP1055E AP300D AP500E AP555EProduct Ident. No. Prefix N/A N/AN/A N/A 7XK N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/AN/A N/A N/AYears Built 85-8711-13 05-11 85-87 87-9885 86-9087-02 87-97 86-90 88-91 06-14 11-14 11-1410-15 10-15Flywheel kW (hp)106 (142) 116 (155) 168 (225) 167 (224) 106 (142) 145 (195) 145 (195)58 (78) 58 (78) 80 (107) 111 (149) 114 (153) 116 (155) 58 (78) 167 (224) 52 (70) 168 (225) 168 (225) 55.5 (74.4) 106 (142) 106 (142)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)14 514 (32,000) 14 740 (32,500) 18 427 (40,539) 17 851 (39,320) 16 782 (37,000) 18 380 (40,570) 15 510 (34,200)4394 (9700) 4911 (10,840) 7984 (17 600) 13 380 (29,500) 14 061 (31,000) 17 010 (37,500) 4911 (10,840) 25 368 (56,000) 7300 (16,094) 18 427 (40,539) 20 076 (44,167) 6300 (13,889) 12 590 (27,760) 13 305 (29,335)Drive Wheel Wheel Wheel Wheel Track Track WheelN/A N/A N/A Wheel Wheel Wheel N/A N/A Wheel Wheel Track Wheel Wheel TrackScreed Width mm (ft)3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3000 (10'0") 7320 (24'2") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 1524 (5'0") 1524 (5'0")N/A3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 4270 (14'0") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 1700 (5'7") 3048 (10'0") 3048 (10'0") 1700 (5'7") 2440 (8'0") 2440 (8'0")Hopper Capacity m3 (ft3)5.8 (206) 5.8 (206)7.1 (251) 6.1 (215) 5.8 (206) 5.8 (206) 6.5 (230) N/AMaximum Op. Speed m/min (ft/min)77 (253)90 (296)61 (200)91 (300)50 (164)50 (164)90 (296) N/AN/AN/AN/AN/A10.0 (80) 10.0 (80) 10.0 (80) 7.7 (275) 11.2 (400) 3.8 (134) 7.1 (251) 7.1 (251) 3.8 (134) 6.2 (219) 6.2 (219)98 (320) 0-24.1 (0-15.0) 0-24.1 (0-15.0)58 (189)50 (164)85 (279)61 (200)61 (200)30 (98) 61 (200) 61 (200)23-112Paving Products Single Drum Vibratory CompactorsFormer ModelsPAVING PRODUCTS -- SINGLE DRUM VIBRATORY COMPACTORSModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel kW (hp)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)DriveDrum Width mm (in)Centrifugal Force kg (lb)Maximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)CS-3231TM85-95574173Wheel/121957600-10.9CS-323C(77)04-1062(9200) 4390Drum(48)(12,700)(0-6.8)Wheel/127068048.923(83)(9680)Drum(50)(15,000)(5.5)CP-3236JD85-95574218Wheel/121957600-10.9(77)(9300)Drum(48)(12,700)(0-6.8)CP-323C04-10624745Wheel/127068048.9(83)(10,440)Drum(50)(15,000)(5.5)CS-4316MD85-87526110Wheel1680726021.0(70)(13,480)(66)(16,000)(13.0)CS-431B1XF88-9476.56312Wheel168011 23512.8(102)(13,915)(66)(24,746)(8.0)CS-431C9XL94-01786509Wheel/168013 60912.8(105)(14,349)Drum(66)(30,000)(8.0)CS-4336ND85-87606720Wheel/1524726010.0(80)(14,820)Drum(60)(16,000)(6.0)CP-4336NP85-87606750Wheel/1524726010.0(80)(14,870)Drum(60)(16,000)(6.0)CS-433B4FK88-9476.56448Wheel/168011 23512.8(102)(14,215)Drum(66)(24,746)(8.0)CS-433C3TM94-01786773Wheel/168013 60912.8(105)(14,931)Drum(66)(30,000)(8.0)CS-433E04-10756745Wheel/170013 60811.5(100)(14,875)Drum(66)(30,000)(7.1)CP-433B1MG88-9476.56668Wheel/168011 23512.8(102)(15,225)Drum(66)(24,746)(8.0)CP-433C2JM94-01787075Wheel/168013 60912.8(105)(15,597)Drum(66)(30,000)(8.0)CP-433E04-10757145Wheel/170013 60811.5(100)(15,750)Drum(66)(30,000)(7.1)CS44N/A756900Wheel/167613 60012.3(100)(15,212)Drum(5'6")(30,000)(7.6)CP44N/A757295Wheel/167613 60012.3(100)(16,083)Drum(5'6")(30,000)(7.6)CS-5313WM93-951089310Wheel213422 68012.8(145)(20,500)(84)(50,000)(8.0)CS-531C5ZN95-001089300Wheel213424 09112.8(145)(20,450)(84)(53,000)(8.0)CS-531D3AZ98-991089650Rear Wheel213027 12412.74MZ99-04(145)(21,230)(84)(60,000)(7.8)AGH01-0323-113Former ModelsPaving Products Single Drum Vibratory CompactorsPaving Products -- Single Drum Vibratory Compactors (cont'd)Model CS-533 CS-533C CS-533D CS54 CP-533 CP-533C CP-533D CP54 CS-551 CS-553 CP-553 CS-563 CS-563C CS-563D CS56 CP-563 CP-563C CP-563D CP56Product Ident. No. Prefix 3BL 2WN AET 5CZ3ZL 3XN 6AZ AFC6ZD 8AD 7AD 7BD 8XF 4KN 9MW1YJ 5JN 9ZWYears Built 93-9595-0000-03 00-04 07-1393-9595-0001-04 00-03 07-1385-8985-8985-8989-9595-0098-0207-1389-9595-0098-0207-13Flywheel kW (hp)108 (145) 108 (145) 108 (145)97 (130) 108 (145) 108 (145) 108 (145)97 (130) 115 (155) 115 (155) 115 (155) 108 (145) 108 (145) 108 (145) 116 (156) 108 (145) 108 (145) 108 (145) 116 (156)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)10 110 (22,500)9500 (20,900)9960 (21,912) 10 840 (23,898) 11 470 (25,250) 10 180 (22,400) 10 240 (22,528) 11 530 (25,419) 10 428 (22,990) 10 782 (23,770) 12 247 (27,000) 11 130 (24,500) 11 215 (24,700) 10 875 (23,975) 11 414 (25,164) 11 580 (25,800) 11 670 (25,700) 11 275 (24,856) 11 361 (25,047)DriveWheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Drum/ Rear Wheel Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Drum/ Rear Wheel Wheel/ Drum WheelWheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ DrumDrum Width mm (in)2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2130 (84) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2130 (84) 2134 (84) 2130 (84) 2130 (84) 2130 (84) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2130 (84) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 2130 (84) 2134 (84)Centrifugal Force kg (lb)22 680 (50,000) 24 091 (53,000) 27 124 (60,000) 23 860 (52,600) 22 680 (50,000) 24 091 (53,000) 27 124 (60,000) 23 860 (52,600) 18 150 (40,000) 18 150 (40,000) 22 680 (50,000) 22 680 (50,000) 24 091 (53,000) 27 216 (60,000) 28 712 (63,300) 22 680 (50,000) 24 091 (53,000) 27 216 (60,000) 28 712 (63,300)Maximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)12.8 (8.0) 12.8 (8.0) 12.7 (7.8) 11.1 (6.9) 12.8 (8.0) 12.8 (8.0) 13.2 (8.1) 11.1 (6.9) 12.1 (7.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 12.8 (8.0) 12.8 (8.0) 12.7 (7.8) 11.4 (7.0) 12.8 (8.0) 12.8 (8.0) 13.2 (8.1) 11.4 (7.0)23-114Paving Products Single Drum Vibratory CompactorsFormer ModelsPaving Products -- Single Drum Vibratory Compactors (cont'd)Model CS-573C CS-573DCS64 CP64 CS-583 CS-583C CS-583D CS74 CP74 CS-643 CP-643 CS76 CP76 CS-653 CS76 XT CP-653 TSF-54 TSM-54Product Ident. No. Prefix 6LN CMK8YJ 7MN 2CZ7FD 7GD7HD7JD 7KD 7LDYears Built 95-00 00-02 07-13 07-13 91-95 95-00 98-02 07-13 07-13 85-87 85-87 07-13 07-13 85-91 07-13 85-91 85-88 86-88Flywheel kW (hp)108 (145) 108 (145) 116 (156) 116 (156) 108 (145) 108 (145) 108 (145) 116 (156) 116 (156) 100 (134) 100 (134) 130 (174) 130 (174) 100 (134) 130 (174) 100 (134)26 (35) 26 (35)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)13 800 (30,360) 12 180 (29,060) 14 238 (31,389) 14 311 (31,550) 15 040 (33,090) 15 230 (33,500) 14 850 (32,740) 15 455 (34,072) 15 333 (33,804) 14 900 (32,855) 16 300 (35,942) 16 758 (36,945) 16 896 (37,249) 17 100 (37,690) 18 611 (41,030) 18 500 (40,774)2131 (4700) 2160 (4760)DriveWheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum Wheel/ Drum TowedTowedDrum Width mm (in)Centrifugal Force kg (lb)Maximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)213424 09112.8(84)(53,000)(8.0)213027 21612.7(84)(60,000)(7.8)213428 71211.4(84)(63,300)(7.0)23213428 71211.4(84)(63,300)(7.0)213422 68012.8(84)(50,000)(8.0)213424 09112.8(84)(53,000)(8.0)213031 75112.7(84)(70,000)(7.8)213433 84011.4(84)(74,600)(7.0)213433 84011.4(84)(74,600)(7.0)220016 80015.5(86)(37,044)(9.6)220012 60015.5(86)(27,783)(9.6)213433 84011.4(84)(74,600)(7.0)213433 84011.4(84)(74,600)(7.0)220022 23015.5(86)(48,995)(9.6)213433 84011.4(84)(74,600)(7.0)220022 23015.5(86)(48,995)(9.6)13706810Towed(54)(15,000)13706810Towed(54)(15,000)23-115Former ModelsPaving Products Double Drum, Combi and Pneumatic Tire CompactorsModel CB14 CB14 XW CB14 Full Flush CB-214 CB-214B CB-214C CB-214D CB-214E CB-224 CB-224B CB-224C CB-224D CB22 CB24 CB32 CC24 CB-224E CB-225D CB-225E CB-314 CB-334DCB-334EPAVING PRODUCTS -- DOUBLE DRUM, COMBI AND PNEUMATIC TIRE COMPACTORSProduct Ident. No. Prefix DTT DTT DTT 6FD 6LF 6LF 1TZ6GD 6LF 6LF 8RZ9FZ6HD 3JZ 4CZ DCZYears Built 07-12 07-12 07-12 85-88 88-93 93-00 99-03 -08 85-88 88-93 93-00 99-03 08-13 08-13 08-13 08-13 -08 99-03 -08 85-89 98-03 98-02 02-04 -08Flywheel kW (hp)16.1 (21.6) 16.1 (21.6) 16.1 (21.6)24 (33) 24 (33) 25 (33) 23.5 (31.5) 24.4 (32.7) 24 (33) 24 (33) 25 (33) 23.5 (31.5) 24.6 (33) 24.6 (33) 24.6 (33) 24.6 (33) 24.4 (32.7) 23.5 (31.5) 24.4 (32.7) 41 (55) 32 (43)34.1 (46)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)1620 (3571) 1840 (4057) 1600 (3527) 2300 (5070) 2300 (5072) 2320 (5115) 2430 (5355) 2450 (5400) 2450 (5400) 2450 (5402) 2420 (5335) 2610 (5750) 2500 (5512) 2700 (5952) 3230 (7121) 2400 (5291) 2630 (5800) 2390 (5270) 2300 (5070) 3357 (7400) 3850 (8490)3940 (8688)Drive Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Drum (2) Drum (2) Drum (2) Hydraulic Hydraulic Drum (2) Drum (2) Drum (2) Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic Hydraulic HydraulicDrum HydraulicHydraulicDrum Width mm (in)800 (31) 1000 (39) 900 (35) 1000 (39.4) 990 (39) 1000 (39.4) 1000 (39.4) 1000 (39) 1200 (47.2) 1199 (47.2) 1200 (47.2) 1200 (47.2) 1000 (39) 1200 (47) 1300 (51) 1200 (47) 1200 (47) 1200 (47.2) 1200 (47) 1120 (44) 1300 (51)1300 (51)Centrifugal Force kg (lb)1051 (2318) 1164 (2565) 1051 (2318) 2041 (4500) 2018 (4450) 2592 (5715) 2590 (5710) 2751 (6075) 2450 (5400) 2449 (5400) 2920 (6570) 3039 (6700) 2817 (6210) 3195 (7043) 3195 (7043) 3195 (7043) 3164 (6975) 3039 (6700) 3164 (6975) 2770 (6100) 3263 (7250)Maximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)8.5 (5.0) 8.5 (5.0) 8.5 (5.0) 10.6 (6.6) 10.4 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.0 (6.2) 10.0 (6.0) 10.6 (6.6) 10.4 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.0 (6.2) 10.5 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.5 (6.5) 10.0 (6.0) 10.0 (6.2) 10.0 (6.0) 8.0 (5.0) 11.0 (7.0)3378 (7448)12.5 (8.0)23-116Paving Products Double Drum, Combi and Pneumatic Tire CompactorsFormer ModelsPaving Products -- Double Drum, Combi and Pneumatic Tire Compactors (cont'd)ModelProduct Ident. No. PrefixYears BuiltFlywheel kW (hp)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb)DriveDrum Width mm (in)Centrifugal Force kg (lb)Maximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)CB-335D5PZ98-03323620Hydraulic1300326311.0BBW00-03(43)(7980)(51)(7250)(7.0)D4E02-03CB3407-1334.13940Hydraulic1300337812.5(46)(8688)(51)(7448)(8.0)CC3407-1334.1(46)3670Hydraulic1300337812.523(8091)(51)(7448)(8.0)CB-335E-0834.13670Hydraulic1300337812.5(46)(8092)(51)(7448)(8.0)CB-4146KD85-89525780Drum1397635013.7(70)(12,750)(55)(14,000)(8.5)CB-4246LD85-89546220Drum (2)1397448511.0(73.5)(13,710)(55)(9885)(6.8)CB-4343TF89-94606610Drum (2)1422762011.6(80)(14,540)(56)(16,800)(7.2)CB-434B6AL94-95606577Drums142276200-11.6(80)(14,500)(56)(16,800)(0-7.2)CB-434C4DN95-03526485Hydraulic1422762011.6(70)(14,300)(56)(16,800)(7.2)CB-434D04-11627500Hydraulic1500796011.6(83)(16,535)(59)(17,550)(7.0)CB-434D XW04-11627700Hydraulic1700796011.6(83)(16,975)(67)(17,550)(7.0)CB-5146YD85-88689730Drum (2)1730907311.0(91)(21,450)(68)(20,000)(7.0)CB-5216RD85-87618800Wheel1700530015.0(82)(19,404)(67)(11,687)(9.3)CB-5226SD85-874510 100Drum (2)170010 3508.0(62)(22,271)(67)(22,822)(5.0)CB-5236TD85-87618800Wheel/1700530013.0(82)(19,404)Drum(67)(11,687)(8.0)CB-5246WD85-87619500Drum (2)170010 35011.0(82)(20,948)(67)(22,822)(6.8)CB-5346EG2YF87-93939117Drum (2)170011 80011.2(125)(20,100)(67)(26,019)(7.0)CB-534B4JL93-95809117Drums167612 0430-11.3(107)(20,100)(66)(26,550)(0-7.0)CB-534C5HN95-02759195Drums170011 97511.3(100)(20,270)(67)(26,400)(7.0)CB-534D9710 380Drums170011 43413.0(130)(22,836)(67)(25,208)(8.0)CB5409-1210210 804Hydraulic170011 30013.0(137)(23,818)(67)(24,929)(8.0)CB-534D XW9711 300Drums200011 43413.0(130)(24,860)(79)(25,208)(8.0)CB54 XWN/A10211 898Hydraulic200011 30813.0(137)(26,230)(6'7")(24,929)(8.0)23-117Former ModelsPaving Products Double Drum, Combi and Pneumatic Tire CompactorsPaving Products -- Double Drum, Combi and Pneumatic Tire Compactors (cont'd)Model CB-544CB-545CB-564DCB-614CB-634CB-634CCB64CD54PF-200PS-110PS-130PS-150PS-150BPS150CPS-180PS-200BPS-300 PF-300 PS-300B PF-300B PF-300C PS-300C PS-360BProduct Ident. No. Prefix 8FM2FSYears Built 94-0196-017CD 5CL 3BR N/A7MD 7ND 7PD 3XR N/A 7PD 5JR 7TD 7WD85-93 94-95 95-0109-12 85-92 85-96 85-96 85-96 95-0485-96 95-04 85-95 85-95Flywheel kW (hp)60 (80) 60 (80) 97 (130) 115 (155) 108 (145) 108 (145) 102 (137) 74.5 (99.5) 49 (66) 57 (77) 57 (77) 57 (77) 52 (70) 75 (100) 57 (77) 78 (105) 77 (102) 74 (105) 75 (100) 78 (105)Approx. Op. Weight kg (lb) 10 700 (23,593) 9410 (20,750) 12 600 (27,783) 11 340 (25,000)11 680 (25,750) 12 980 (28,616)9500 (20,944)7000 (15,430) 12 500 (27,550) 12 500 (27,550) 15 050 (37,300) 12 940 (28,535) 12 940 (28,535) 16 950 (37,000) 13 010 (28,685) 21 000 (46,200) 14 000 (30,860) 21 000 (46,200)8500 (18,740)Drive DrumsWheel/ Drum DrumsDrum (2)DrumsDrumsHydraulicHydraulicWheel PneumaticWheel PneumaticWheel PneumaticWheel Pneumatic HydraulicHydraulicWheel Pneumatic HydraulicWheel PneumaticWheel PneumaticWheel PneumaticWheel PneumaticDrum Width mm (in)1700 (67) 1700 (67) 2130 (84) 1980 (78) 2134 (84) 2134 (84) 1680 (5'6") 1700 (67) 1700 (67) 2134 (84) 1700 (67) 1700 (67) 1743 (69) 1740 (5'8") 1727 (68) 1743 (69) 1900 (75) 1920 (77) 1900 (75) 2275 (90)Centrifugal Force kg (lb) 8850(19,510) 8850(19,510) 10 085 (22,234) 9525 (21,000) 12 043 (26,550) 12 043 (26,550) 14 107 (31,100) 8573 (18,900)N/AN/AN/AN/AN/ANAN/AN/AN/AN/AN/AMaximum Op. Speed km/h (mph)8.9 (5.5) 8.9 (5.5) 13.0 (8.0) 11.2 (7.0) 0-9.2 (0-5.7) 12.2 (7.6) 13.0 (8.0) 9.0 (5.5) 24.0 (14.9) 38.6 (24.0) 38.6 (24.0) 38.6 (24.0) 25.6 (15.9) 25.6 (15.9) 38.6 (24.0) 19.3 (12.0) 26.5 (16.4) 19.0 (11.8) 13.0 (8.0) 18.0 (11.0)23-118Surface Drills Track DrillsFormer ModelsSURFACE DRILLS -- TRACK DRILLSModelHole DiameterHole DepthAir CompressorRock DrillEngineYears BuiltMD5050 · Up to 102 mm · Up to 31.2 m · 7.08 m3/min @ 10.2 bar · HPR4519· 4HK*Up to 2016(4.0 in)(102.5 ft)(250 ft3/min @ 150 psi) 19 kW (25 hp) 150 kW (203 hp)at 2100 RPM23MD5050T · Up to 102 mm (4.0 in)· Up to 31.2 m · 7.08 m3/min @ 10.2 bar(102.5 ft)(250 ft3/min @ 150 psi)· HPR4519· 4HK*19 kW (25 hp) 150 kW (203 hp)at 2100 RPMUp to 2016MD5075· Up to 127 mm (5 in)· Up to 31.2 m · 9.78 m3/min @ 10.2 bar(102.5 ft)(350 ft3/min @ 150 psi)· HPR4519· C at C9 ACERT*19 kW (25 hp) 224 kW (300 hp)at 1800 RPMUp to Aug. 2014MD5090· U p to 127 mm (5 in)· Up to 22.1 m · 8.5 m3/min @ 10.2 bar(72.5 ft)(300 ft3/min @ 150 psi)· HPR4519· C at C9 ACERT*19 kW (25 hp) 224 kW (300 hp)at 1800 RPMUp to 2016MD5125 · Up to 152 mm · Up to 30 m(6 in)(98.5 ft)· 11.3 m3/min @ 7 bar (400 ft3/min @ 100 psi)· HPR5128· Tier 3 Cat C1128 kW (37 hp) 242 kW (325 hp)at 1800 RPMUp to Aug. 2014*This product emits equivalent toTier 3, Stage IIIA, and Japan 2006 (Tier 3).23-119Former ModelsSurface Drills Rotary DrillsSURFACE DRILLS -- ROTARY DRILLSModel MD6240Hole Diameter· Up to 244 mm (9.625 in)MD6420 · Up to 311 mm (12.25 in)MD6420B · Up to 311 mm (12.25 in)MD6540 · Up to 381 mm (15 in)MD6750 · Up to 444 mm (17.5 in)Hole Depth· Depth single-pass (12 m mast) -- Up to 12.80 m (42 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 55.47 m (182 ft)· Depth single-pass (15 m mast) -- Up to 15.85 m (52 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 31.08 m (102 ft)· Depth single pass (10 m mast) -- Up to 10.29 m (33 ft 9 in)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 63.4 m (208 ft)· Depth single pass (13 m mast) -- Up to 13.4 m (44 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 74.4 m (244 ft)· Depth single pass (16 m mast) -- Up to 16.46 m (54 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 65.2 m (214 ft)· Depth single pass (10 m mast) -- Up to 10.29 m (33 ft 9 in)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 63.40 m (208 ft)· Depth single pass (13 m mast) -- Up to 13.4 m (44 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 74.4 m (244 ft)· Depth single pass (16 m mast) -- Up to 16.46 m (54 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 65.2 m (214 ft)· Depth single-pass (16 m mast) -- Up to 16.15 m (53 ft)· Depth multi-pass -- Up to 84.73 m (278 ft)· Depth single pass (20 m mast) · Depth multi-pass-- Up to 65.7 m (215.6 ft)· 19.81 m (65 ft)*This product emits equivalent to Tier 2.Air Compressor· 48 m3/min (1700 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)· 32.6 m3/min (1150 ft3/min) 10.3/24.1 bar (150/350 psi)· 38.3 m3/min (1350 ft3/min) 10.3/24.1 bar (150/350 psi)· 43 m3/min (1500 ft3/min) 34.5 bar (500 psi)· 67.9 m3/min (2400 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)· 42.5 m3/min (1500 ft3/min) 10.3/24.1/34.4 bar (150/350/500 psi)· 67.9 m3/min (2400 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)Engine · C27 ACERT* · 597 kW (800 hp)at 2100 RPM · 652 kW (875 hp)at 2100 RPM· C27 ACERT* · 597 kW (800 hp)at 2100 RPM · C27 ACERT* · 652 kW (875 hp)at 2100 RPM · Cummins QST30*634 and 783 kW (850 and 1050 hp) 783 kW (1050 hp) at 2100 RPM· 56.6 m3/min (2000 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)· 67.9 m3/min (2400 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)· 42.5 m3/min (1500 ft3/min) 34.4 bar (500 psi)· 102 m3/min (3600 ft3/min) 6.9 bar (100 psi)· 627 kW (850 hp) at 1800 RPM· QST30C* (noncert with cense) 786 kW (1050 hp) at 2100 RPM· QST30* 627 kW (850 hp) at 1800 RPM· AST30C (noncert with cense) 783 kW (1050 hp) at 2100 RPM· MTU Detroit Diesel Series 2000 16V*· 8 99 kW (1205 hp) at 1800 RPM· 107.6 m3/min (3800 ft3/min)· AC Induction Motor · D ual Shaft · 5 97 kW (800 hp)Years Built Up to 2016 Up to 2016Up to 2016Up to 2016 Up to 201423-120Underground Mining -- Hard Rock Load-Haul-Dumps (LHD's) Former ModelsUNDERGROUND MINING -- HARD ROCK LOAD-HAUL-DUMPS (LHD'S)LHD ModelProduct Ident. No.Prefix (USA)Years BuiltFlywheel Power kW (hp)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb)Max. Capacitykg (lb)Length m (ft)Height m (ft)Bucket Widthmm (ft)Breakout Force kg (lb)Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Forward ReverseR1300 6QW 96-0312320 15065008.662.00200012 02026.123.8(165)(44,430) (14,330) (28'5")(6'7")(6'7") (26,500) (16.2)(14.6)23R1300G LJB 03-1312320 95068008.712.12220012 02024.023.0(165)(46,187) (14,991) (28'7")(6'11")(7'3") (26,500) (14.9)(14.3)R1300GII RSL 06-0813620 87568008.712.12220015 35026.125.9(182)(46,021) (14,991) (28'7")(6'11")(7'3") (33,841) (16.2)(16.1)R1500 BAY 86-0017825 10090009.192.30248018 46030.433.0(239)(55,360) (19,850) (30'2")(7'7")(8'2") (40,700) (18.9)(20.5)R1600 9EW 97-0320129 800 10 2009.712.40260019 28030.634.0(270)(65,710) (22,490) (31'10") (7'10")(8'6") (42,510) (19.0)(21.1)R1600 9XP 01-0320129 800 10 2009.712.40260019 28030.634.0(270)(65,710) (22,490) (31'10") (7'10")(8'6") (42,510) (19.0)(21.1)R1600G 9PP 03-0820129 800 10 2009.712.40260019 00022.923.8(270) (65,700) (22,490) (31'10") (7'10")(8'6") (41,888) (14.2)(14.8)R1600G 9YZ 07-1320129 800 10 2009.712.40260019 00022.923.8(270)(65,700) (22,490) (31'10") (7'10")(8'6") (41,888) (14.2)(14.8)R1700 4LZ 94-0023134 500 12 00010.422.53282023 43029.333.3Series II(310)(76,100) (26,460) (34'2")(8'4")(9'3") (51,660) (18.2)(20.7)R1700G 8XZ 99-06 262/241 38 500 14 000* 10.592.56289420 10024.125.3(351/323) (84,878) (30,865)* (34'9")(8'5")(9'6") (44,313) (15.0)(15.7)R1700G SBR/XBR 06-19 242/263 38 500 14 000* 10.742.56277220 88524.125.3(324/353) (84,878) (30,865)* (35'3")(8'5")(9'1") (46,051) (15.0)(15.7)R2800 BBR 88-9823142 660 16 20010.702.68300026 54029.333.3(310)(94,070) (35,720) (35'1")(8'10")(9'10") (68,530) (18.2)(20.7)R2900 5TW 95-0326948 850 17 20010.972.89310028 60026.732.5(361) (107,710) (37,920) (36'0")(9'6")(10'2") (63,060) (16.6)(20.2)R2900G GLK 02-0530650 100 17 20011.32.89317627 34625.326.4(410) (110,451) (37,920) (37'1")(9'6")(10'5") (60,298) (15.7)(16.4)R2900G GLK 02-0530653 100 20 000*11.32.89340027 34625.326.4XTRA(410) (117,065) (44,092)* (37'1")(9'6")(11'2") (60,298) (15.7)(16.4)R2900G JLK 05-1333355 575 20 000*11.32.99350027 34625.326.4XTRA(447) (122,522) (44,092)* (37'1") (9'10") (11'6") (60,298) (15.7)(16.4)*Capacity is for tramming only. Truck loading capacity is lower.23-121Former ModelsUnderground Mining -- Hard Rock Trucks Articulated Trucks Rigid Frame TrucksUNDERGROUND MINING -- HARD ROCK TRUCKSArticulated TrucksTruck ModelAD30Product Ident. No.Prefix (USA)CXRYears Built02-05AD401YZ94-02AD40N/ASeries IIAD45BKZN/A 01-05AD55ANW01-03AD55BJNW07-13Rigid Frame Trucks69D Dump69D Ejector9XS 9XS00-04 00-04*Overall width less body.Flywheel Power kW (hp) 304 (408) 380 (510) 380 (510) 439 (589) 485 (650) 600 (805)380 (510) 380 (510)Approx. Shipping Weightkg (lb) 28 870 (63,647) 38 100 (84,000) 41 800 (92,170) 39 359 (86,772) 47 000 (103,617) 50 000 (110,231)30 100 (66,371) 34 700 (78,514)Max. Capacitykg (lb) 30 000 (66,139) 40 000 (88,200) 40 000 (88,200) 45 000 (99,208) 55 000 (121,254) 55 000 (121,254)38 000 (83,790) 36 200 (79,821)Length m (ft) 10.2(33'4") 10.7(35'0") 11.3(37'0") 11.2(36'9") 11.6(37'11") 12.0(39'0")8.1 (26'8")7.8 (25'8")Height m (ft)2.60 (8'6") 2.70 (8'10") 2.89 (9'6") 2.82 (9'5") 3.20 (10'6")3.4 (11'2")3.4 (11'4")3.4 (11'4")Body Width mm(ft)2690* (8'10")*3000 (9'10") 3200 (10'5") 3000* (9'10")* 3346* (11'0")* 3346* (11'0")*Maximum Speedskm/h (mph)Forward Reverse40.8 (25.4) 48.1 (29.9) 41.77.8 (4.8) 10.6 (6.6) 9.6(25.9) 52.0 (32.3) 42.3 (26.3) 41.5 (25.8)(6.0) 10.7 (6.6) 9.0 (5.6) 8.7 (5.4)3665 (12'0") 3665 (12'0")76.6 (47.6) 75.2 (46.7)13.5 (8.4) 13.5 (8.4)23-122Underground Mining -- Room & Pillar Continuous Miners LHDs ScoopsFormer ModelsUNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- CONTINUOUS MINERSModelPrefixExit YearBucyrus ModelTotal PowerkW (hp)Cutter Head Power kW (hp)Loading Capacity tonnes/min (Tons/min)Recommended Mining Rangemm (in)Machine Weight tonnes(lb)CM235GEG201425C7012 × 20514-29914-325161.2CM330GEY201430M2(940) 698(2 × 275) 2 × 104(15-32) 24(36-128) up to 3170(135,000)2361.7(930)(2 × 280)(26.5)(up to 125)(136,000)CM845GE6201530MB6742 × 17331.52800-390092.0(904)(2 × 232)(35)(110-153)(202,800)UNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- LHDsModel CL106 CL110CL115 CL215BPrefix LH4 LH6Exit Year 2014 20142014 2014Bucyrus ModelN/A N/AN/A MH15Bucket Payloadkg (lb)8000 (17,636)Fork Payloadkg (lb)10 000 (22,046)Engine Cat C7 ACERTEngine PowerkW (hp)171.5 (230)Machine Weightkg (lb)21 500 (47,400)UNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- SCOOPSModel SU482 DN (diesel non permissible)SU482SU488 DM (dual motor) SU488 D XP (explosion proof) SU488 LHDSU488 LHD NSU488 DM AC (alternating current)SU636Prefix LAW LAP LA4LA6 LA7 LA4Exit Year 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014Bucyrus Model 482D488XL488-6 DM488D XP488D LHD XP488D LHD488-6 DMLift Capacity tonnes(Tons)6.8 (7.5) 6.4 (7.0) 14.5 (16.0) 14.5 (16.0) 10.9 (12.0) 10.9 (12.0) 14.5 (16.0)Engine Duetz BF4L 2011BatteryEngine PowerkW (hp)58 (78)BatteryDuetz Duetz 1013 FC Duetz 1013 FCBattery112 (150) 112 (150) 112 (150)Tram Speed km/h (mph)16.9 (10.5)8.0 (5.0) 8.0 (5.0) 17.9 (11.1) 17.9 (11.1) 17.9 (11.1) 8.0 (5.0)Weight withBattery kg (lb)26 853 (59,200)26 853 (59,200)23-123Former ModelsUnderground Mining -- Room & Pillar Haulage (Face Haulers, Continuous Haulage) Feeder BreakersUNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- HAULAGE (FACE HAULERS, CONTINUOUS HAULAGE)Model FH110Prefix FHMFH125 DFHXFH336FHZ(Continuous Haulage)Exit Year 201420142014Bucyrus Model 810C Un-a-tracFBR 15 Ram Car36 CHHPayload Capacity tonnes(Tons)9.0 (10.0) 20.0 (22.0) 27.0 (30.0)Machine Weight -- empty kg (lb)31 524 -- with battery (69,500)25 000 -- full tanks (55,115) 27 216 (60,000)Minimum OperatingHeight mm (in)1066 (42) 1900 (74.8) 965 (38)Engine TypeEngine PowerkW (hp)Cat 3126172 (230)UNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- FEEDER BREAKERSModel FB75Prefix FBPFB75 P (permissible)FBPFB85FBEFB85 P (permissible)FBEFB110 P (permissible) FBLExit Year 20142014 2014 2014 2014Bucyrus Model 7MFBH-48A LOWGH-MFBHM-48CDLCapacity Throughput tonnes/hr(Tons/hr)717 (790) 1089 (1200)7FB-56AL 7FB-56AL 7FB-48A860 (950) 860 (950) 1146 (1263)Minimum OperatingHeight mm (in) 1270 (50) 1219 (48)836 (34) 837 (34) 1219 (48)Operating Weight kg (lb) 31 751 (70,000) 27 215 (60,000)31 750 (70,000) 31 750 (70,000) 31 750 (70,000)Total PowerkW (hp) 151 (200) 151 (200)150 (200) 151 (200) 151 (200)23-124Underground Mining -- Room & Pillar Roof BoltersFormer ModelsModel RB120RB230Prefix RM9RP9UNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- ROOF BOLTERSExit Year 20142014Bucyrus Model LRB-15ARRB2-88ADrilling Torque N·m (lbf-ft)Minimum Tram Height mm (ft)Maximum ATRS Reach mm (ft)3808131930(280)(2'8")(6'4")42011813048(310)(3'10.5")(10'0")2323-125Former ModelsUnderground Mining -- Room & Pillar Roof Support CarriersUNDERGROUND MINING -- ROOM & PILLAR -- ROOF SUPPORT CARRIERSModel SH650 VFDSH650 DSH660 DPrefix RS6RS5JE3Exit Year 201420142014Bucyrus Model VT650VT650DFBL-55Lift Capacity No Ballast tonnes (Tons)45.0 (50.0) 45.0 (50.0) 55.0 (60.625)Machine Weight kg (lb)46 040 -- with battery (101,500) 45 359 kg (100,000)48 000 -- tanks full (105,821)Tram Speed LevelUnloaded km/h (mph)6.6 (4.1) 13.7 (8.5) 19.5 (12.1)Engine TypeBatteryCummins C8.3 CatC7 ACERTEngine PowerkW (hp) N/A179 (240) 171.5 (230)23-126LAND CLEARINGCONTENTSVariables Affecting Clearing Operations . . . . . . . . 24-1 Job Surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-2 Clearing Methods and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-2 Equipment Selection Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-3 Production Estimating:General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-5 Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-6 Piling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24-7Land clearing must be treated more as an art than a science because production rates and methods vary greatly from one area to another. This section deals with the many variables in clearing and includes methods, equipment and procedures to determine productivity rates.VARIABLES AFFECTING CLEARING624OPERATIONSVegetative Growth -- Factors affecting production and therefore cost, include the number of trees, size of trees, wood density, root systems, vines and undergrowth. These factors can be estimated by a "tree-count" as discussed under "Job Survey."End Use of Land -- Since different end uses require different degrees of clearing (i.e. highways, dams, tree crops, row crops, etc.), this is one of the most impor tant factors to consider in choosing the proper clearing method and equipment.Soil Conditions or Bearing Capacity -- Factors affect ing clearing operations include topsoil depth, soil type, moisture content, and the presence of rocks and stones.Topography -- Grade and terrain factors such as steep slopes, ditches, swampy areas, boulders and even ant hills greatly affect the normal operation of some equipment.Rainfall and Climate -- Usually all phases of land clearing from cutting to burning are concerned to some degree with temperature changes and the amount of rainfall during the clearing operation.Job Specifications -- Specifications dictate the degree of clearing to be done, area size, completion dates, method of debris disposal, soil conservation and other factors which affect method and equipment selection.24-1Land ClearingJob Surveys Methods and EquipmentJOB SURVEYSKnowledge of rainfall and climate, end use of the land, and job specifications can be obtained from records, surveys, engineering studies, and written specifications. You should personally review the land to be cleared to gain other necessary and valuable information.The survey should include a study of general topog raphy and soil conditions. Note such problem factors as hills, rocks, or swamps which would significantly affect production or which would require special treatment.Cruise the area to be cleared and determine the acreage of each vegetative type (i.e. upland woods, low timber lands, swamps). Make at least three tree counts at random for each vegetation type. To conduct these counts, ran domly locate two points 100 meters (328 feet) apart. Count and measure vegetative growth along a straight line between these points for a width of about 5 meters (16 feet) on both sides. This gives the population of 1/10 hectare (1/4 acre).1. Density of vegetation less than 30 cm (12 in) diameter Dense -- 1480 trees/hectare or more (600 trees/acre) Medium -- 990-1480 trees/hectare (400-600 trees/acre) Light -- less than 990 trees/hectare (400 trees/acre)2. Presence of hardwoods expressed in percent 3. Presence of heavy vines 4. Average number of trees per hectare (2.47 acres) ineach of the following ground level diameter size ranges: Less than 30 cm (1 ft) 31 cm-60 cm (1-2 ft) 61 cm-90 cm (2-3 ft) 91 cm-120 cm (3-4 ft) 121 cm-180 cm (4-6 ft)5. Sum of diameter of all trees per hectare (2.47 acres) above 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter at ground level.CLEARING METHODS AND EQUIPMENTMethods for Initial Felling -- There are several methods indicating the degree of clearing for initial felling and several types of equipment for use with each method. Equipment use in different size vege tation and different size areas is summarized in the table on the next page. This information should serve only as a rough guideline in selecting equipment. The economical land area for each type of equipment will vary with the capital cost of equipment and moving cost. It is also affected by whether there are alternate uses for equipment such as using tractors for other construction work or tillage.Land Clearing Machines -- Job size, severity of job such as tree size, and time limit to complete will influ ence machine selection. Some machines, such as pur pose built forestry equipment and track-type tractors are more suited for this type of work than others, but imagination and resourcefulness can allow the use of other types of machines in specific applications. For example, loaders are used more today in raking and pil ing operations than ever before.Operator Protection and Machine Guarding -- Daily production has been estimated to increase 20% when cab guards are used. Cabs designed specifically for for estry and clearing applications are available on purpose built Cat® forestry equipment. Auxiliary equipment manu facturers such as RomeTM offer after market guard pack ages for non-purpose built units.Locally designed and manufactured guarding for nonpurpose built equipment is required. The radiator, engine, and underside of the tractor must be well protected. Perfo rated hoods, screens, crankc ase guards and hydraulic cylinder guards are generally recommended.Generally speaking lower cost clearing can be done with purpose built forestry equipment and larger trac tors if the amount of clearing involved is sufficient to merit the initial investment of purpose built or if the amount of clearing involved is sufficient to merit the initial investment in the bigger machine. In applications where track-type tractors are used, power shift transm is sions should be standard due to the frequent direction changes. The direct drive transmission tractor is rec ommended when the tractor is used principally in con stant drawbar work such as chaining or pulling a disc harrow. In most applications, a winch should also be considered on one of every three tractors in a fleet.24-2Equipment SelectionTable Land ClearingEQUIPMENT SELECTION TABLEUPROOTINGCUTTING AT OR ABOVE GROUND LEVELKNOCKING TO THE GROUNDINCORPORATING INTO THE SOILLIGHT CLEARING -- Vegetation up to 5 cm (2 in) diameterSmall areas 4 hectares (10 acres)Bulldozer blade; forestry machine road builder arrangementWheel-mounted circular sawsBulldozer blade; forestry machine road builder arrangementMoldboard plows, disc plows, disc harrowsMedium areas Bulldozer blade; forestry Heavy duty sickle mowers Bulldozer blade, rotaryMoldboard plows; disc40 hectaresmachine road builder[up to 3.7 cm (11/2 in)mowers; flail-type rotary plows, disc harrows; site(100 acres)arrangementdiameter] tractor-mounted cutters; rolling brushprep tractor with mulchercircular saws, suspended cutters; forestry machine attachmentrotary mowers; site prep road builder arrangement;624tractor with brush cutter site prep tractor with brushor mulcher attachmentcutter or mulcher attachmentLarge areas 400 hectares (1000 acres)Bulldozer blade, root rake, grubber, root plow, anchor chain drawn between two crawler tractors; railsSite prep tractor with brush Rolling brush cutter; flail- Undercutter with disc;cutter or mulcher attachment type cutter; anchor chain moldboard plows; discdrawn between twoplows; disc harrows; sitecrawler tractors; rails; site prep tractor with mulcherprep tractor with brushattachmentcutter or mulcher attachmentINTERMEDIATE CLEARING -- Vegetation 5 to 20 cm (2 to 8 in) diameterSmall areas 4 hectares (10 acres)Bulldozer blade; forest machine road builder arrangementWheel-mounted circular sawsBulldozer blade; forestry machine road builder arrangementHeavy-duty disc plow; disc harrowMedium areas 40 hectares (100 acres)Bulldozer blade; forest machine road builder arrangementTractor-mounted circular Bulldozer blade, rollingHeavy-duty disc plow; discsaws, single scissor type brush cutter [up to 12 cm harrow; site prep tractortree shears; site prep(5 in) diameter], rotarywith mulcher attachmenttractor with brush cutter or mower [up to 10 cm (4 in)mulcher attachment; wheel/ diameter]; forestry machinetrack feller buncher with road builder arrangement;high speed saw head;Site prep tractor with brushforest machine withcutter or mulcher attachmentdirectional felling headLarge areas 400 hectares (1000 acres)Shearing blade, angling (tilted) bulldozer blade, rakes, anchor chain drawn between two crawler tractors, root plowShearing blade (angling Bulldozer blade, flail-type Bulldozer blade with or V-type); site prep tractor rotary cutter, anchor chain; duty harrow; site prep with brush cutter or mulcher site prep tractor with brush tractor with mulcher attachment; wheel/track cutter or mulcher attachment attachment feller buncher with high speed saw head; forest machine with directional felling headNOTE:The most economical size area for each type of equipment will vary with the relative cost of capital equipment versus labor. It is also affected by whether there are alternate uses for equipment such as using tractors for tillage.24-3Land Clearing Equipment SelectionTableEQUIPMENT SELECTION TABLEUPROOTINGCUTTING AT OR ABOVE GROUND LEVELKNOCKING TO THE GROUNDINCORPORATING INTO THE SOILLARGE CLEARING -- Vegetation 20 cm (8 in) diameter or largerSmall areasBulldozer blade; forest--Bulldozer blade; forest--4 hectaresmachine road buildermachine road builder(10 acres)arrangement; Forestarrangement; forestmachine with directionalmachine with directionalfelling headfelling headMedium areas Shearing blade, angling Shearing blade (angling Bulldozer blade; forest--40 hectares(tilted), knockdown beam, or V-type), tree shear [up machine road builder(100 acres)rakes, tree stumper; forest to 70 cm (26 in) softwood; arrangement; forestmachine road builder35 cm (14 in) hardwood], machine with directionalarrangement; forestshearing blade -- power felling headmachine with directional saw combination; wheel/felling headtrack feller buncher withhigh speed saw head;forest machine withdirectional felling headLarge areasShearing blade, angling Shearing blade (angling or Anchor chain with ball--400 hectares(tilted), tree pusher, rakes, V-type), shearing blade -- drawn between two crawler(1000 acres)tree stumper, anchor chain power saw combination; tractors. [Use dozer bladewith ball drawn between wheel/track feller buncher for trees over 18 cm (7 in).];two crawler tractors; forest with high speed saw head; forest machine road buildermachine with directional forest machine witharrangement; forest machinefelling headdirectional felling headwith directional felling headNOTE:The most economical size area for each type of equipment will vary with the relative cost of capital equipment versus labor. It is also affected by whether there are alternate uses for equipment such as using tractors for tillage.24-4Production Estimating GeneralLand ClearingPRODUCTION ESTIMATINGGENERAL -- CONSTANT SPEED OPERATIONSProduction is the hourly clearing rate usually expressed in hectares or acres.For many land clearing operations, production is calculated by multiplying the tractor speed by the width of cut and converting to hectares or acres per hour.Metric system: The base formula is:Width of cut (meters) speed (km/h) 10= hectares/hWhen an efficiency of 82.5% is used, the formula becomes:Width of cut (m) speed (km/h) 0.825 = hectares/h10English measure:Width of cut (ft) speed (mph)43,560 (ft2)= acres/hrThe American Society of Agricultural Engineers formula for estimating hourly production of a constant speed operation is based on 82.5% efficiency. With this efficiency, the formula becomes:Width of cut (ft) speed (mph) 0.82543,560 (ft2)= acres/hrWidth of cut is the effective working width of the equipment and may not be the same as its rated width. Working width should be measured on the job but can be estimated when necessary.The actual machine speed can be determined by measuring the amount of time to travel a given dis tance. When using the metric system, the time to travel 16.7 meters or a multiple thereof, can be converted into kilometers per hour.(Timeinmin.1.0 to travel16.7meters)=speed(kmh)Since 88 ft/min. equals one mph, the lapsed time to travel 88 ft, or a multiple of 88 ft, can easily be converted into miles per hour.(Timein1.0 min. totravel88ft)=speed(mph)The following nomographs in both the Metric and English systems convert speed and width of cut directly into acres or hectares per hour at 82.5% efficiency with out the need for calculations.Minutes SpeedMETRICProduction*624 Width of Cut**to travel km/hhectares/hourmeters16.7 m**Based on 82.5% efficiency. **When width of cut exceeds 10 meters, use a multiple of the width of cutand increase production proportionately.24-5Land ClearingProduction Estimating CuttingMinutes to travel88 ftSpeed mphENGLISHProduction* acres/hourWidth of Cut** feet**Based on 82.5% efficiency. **When width of cut exceeds 60 feet, use a multiple of the width of cutand increase production proportionately.CUTTING PRODUCTION ESTIMATINGMost land clearing operations such as bulldozing, cutting, grubbing, raking and piling are not performed at constant speed. Because off-the-job production is difficult to estimate for these operations, Rome Industries has developed formulas for estimating cutting and piling time. These formulas take into consideration variable prime mover speeds through a factor, "B", the base time for each tractor to cover one hectare (2.47 acres) of light material.To estimate tractor cutting time per hectare (2.47 acres) on a specific land clearing job, apply the factors shown in the following table, together with data obtained from the job survey, in the formula:T = X [A(B)+M1N1+M2N2+M3N3+M4N4+DF]where T = Time per hectare (2.47 acres) in minutes X = Hardwood or density factor affecting total timeA = Density or vine presence factor affecting base timeB = Base time for each tractor per hectare (2.47 acres)M = Minutes per tree in each diameter rangeN = Number of trees per hectare (2.47 acres) in each diameter range obtained from field surveyD = Sum of diameter in 30 cm (1 ft) increments of all trees per hectare (2.47 acres) above 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter at ground level obtained from field surveyF = Minutes per 30 cm (1 ft) of diameter for trees above 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter.Hardwoods affect over-all or total time as follows:75-100% hardwoods: Add 30% to total time (X = 1.3) 25-75% hardwoods: No change (X = 1.0) 0-25% hardwoods: Subtract 30% from total time(X = 0.7)Production Factors for Felling with Rome K/G BladesTractor 165 hp 230 hp 305 hp 405 hpBase Minutesper hectare(2.47 acres) "B"8558453930-60 cm (1-2 ft) "M1" 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.1Diameter Range60-90 cm 90-120 cm(2-3 ft) (3-4 ft)"M2" 3.4"M3" 6.81.73.31.32.20.41.3Dia.above180 cm120-180 cm per 30 cm(4-6 ft) (6' per foot)"M4""F"----10.23.36.01.83.01.0Explanation of columns in table:Tractor -- Based on current model tractors (power shift when applicable) working on reasonably level terrain (below 10% grade) with good footing, no stones, average mixture of soft and hard woods. Tractor is in proper operating condition, blade is sharp, and properly adjusted.Base Minutes -- The base figures represent the number of minutes required for each tractor to cover a hectare (2.47 acres) of light material where no trees require splitting or other individual treatment. Time required is affected by the density of material less than 30 cm (1 ft) in diameter and the presence of vines.a. dense -- 1480 trees/hectare (600 or more trees/ acre): Add 100% to base time (A = 2.0)b. medium -- 990-1480 trees/hectare (400-600 trees/ acre): No change (A = 1.0)c. light -- less than 990 trees/hectare (400 trees/ acre): Subtract 30% from total time (A = 0.7)24-6Production Estimating Cutting PilingLand ClearingPresence of heavy vines: Add 100% to base time (A=2.0). Very heavy vines add 300% to base time. (A=3.0)treDesiafr.oRman3g1e-6--0 cMm1(1re-2prfet)seinntdsimamineutetersartegqruoiurenddto cut level.M2 same for trees 61-90 cm (2-3 ft) diameter.M3 same for trees 91-120 cm (3-4 ft) diameter.M4 same for trees 121-180 cm (4-6 ft) diameter.For Dia. above 180 cm (6 ft) -- The figures in thiscolumn represent size the number of minutes requiredper 30 cm (1 ft) of diameter for each tractor to cut treesabove 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter. Thus, to fell a 240 cm(8 ft) diameter tree would require 81.8 or approximately14.4 minutes with a D8T.Example problem:Calculate the felling production of a D8T with K/G Blade in these conditions: reasonably level terrain, firm ground, well drained, 85% hardwoods with heavy vines and the following average tree count per hectare (2.47 acre):Less than 30 cm Diameter (1 ft) Range "B"Number of Trees110031-60 cm (1-2 ft) "N1"3561-90 cm (2-3 ft) "N2"691-120 cm (3-4 ft) "N3"6121-180 cm (4-6 ft) "N4"4Sum Dia's Above 180 cm (6 ft) "D"488 cm (16 ft)Solution:T =X [A(B)+M1N1+M2N2+M3N3+M4N4+DF] T =1.3 [2.0 (45) +0.2 (35) +1.3 (6) +2.2 (6) +6(4)+16 (1.8)] = 1.3 (90+7+7.8+13.2+24+28.8) = 1.3 (170.8) = 222 minutes/hectare (90 min/acre) Where the job requires grubbing trees and stumps greater than 30 cm (1 ft) in diameter at the same time the trees are sheared, use the same basic procedure as defined above including the variables for the presence of hardwoods. After time per hectare (acre) in minutes has been determined, increase the over-all or total time by 25%.Where the job requires re-entering the area (after all trees have been sheared) to remove stumps with a tilted shearing blade or stumper, increase the total time by 50%.PILING PRODUCTION ESTIMATINGA procedure has also been developed for estimatingpiling production for a tractor equipped with a K/G bladeor rake.To estimate tractor hours per hectare (acre) on a specific land clearing job, apply the factors shown in thefollowing table with data obtained from the job survey,in the formula:T =B+M1N1+M2N2+M3N3+M4N4+DFwhereT = Time per hectare (2.47 acre) in minutes.B =B ase time for each tractor per hectare (2.47 acre). M = Minutes per tree in each diameter range.624N =N umber of trees per hectare (2.47 acre) in eachdiameter range obtained from field cruise.D =S um of diameter in 30 cm (1 ft) increments ofall trees per hectare (2.47 acre) above 180 cm (6 ft)in diameter at ground level obtained from fieldcruise.F =M inutes per 30 cm (1 ft) of diameter for treesabove 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter.Production Factors for Piling in Windrows*TractorBase Minutesper hectare(2.47 acres) "B"30-60 cm (1-2 ft) "M1"165 hp 1570.50Diameter Range60-90 cm (2-3 ft) "M2"1.090-120 cm (3-4 ft) "M3"4.2120-180 cm (4-6 ft) "M4"--Dia. above 180 cm per 30 cm (6' per foot)"F"--230 hp 1250.400.72.55.0--305 hp 1110.100.51.83.60.9405 hp 970.080.11.22.10.3*May be used with most types of raking tools and angled shearing blade. Windrows to be spaced approximately 61 meters (200 feet) apart.Explanation of columns in table:Tractor -- Production with tractor working alone based on current model tractors (power shift when applicable) working on reasonably level (below 10% grade) terrain with good footing, no stones, average mixture of soft and hard woods. The tractor is in proper operating condition. Decrease total time by 25-50% depending on the number and size of trees when using three or more tractors in combination.Base Minutes -- The base figures represent the number of minutes required for each tractor to cover a hectare (2.47 acres) of light material.24-7Land ClearingProduction Estimating PilingDia. Range -- M1 represents minutes required to pile trees from 31-60 cm (1-2 ft) diameter at ground level.M2 same for trees 61-90 cm (2-3 ft) diameter. M3 same for trees 91-120 cm (3-4 ft) diameter. M4 same for trees 121-180 cm (4-6 ft) diameter. For Dia. above 180 cm (6 ft) -- The figures in this column represent for each tractor size the number of minutes required per 30 cm (1 ft) of diameter to pile trees above 180 cm (6 ft) in diameter. Thus, to pile a 240 cm (8 ft) diameter tree would require 80.9 or approxi mately 7.2 minutes with a D8T tractor. Where the job requires piling of grubbed trees and stumps greater than 30 cm (1 ft) in diameter, use the same basic procedure defined above and then increase over-all or total time by 25%. In dense small diameter brush with few or no large trees, or when cutting is vine entangled, reduce the base time by 30%.Example problem:Calculate the windrow piling production of a D7R Series 2 with Rake in level terrain, no grubbing, and average mixture of hardwoods and softwoods where the average tree count per hectare (2.47 acres) is:Diameter RangeNumber of TreesLess than 30 cm (1 ft) "B"110031-60 cm (1-2 ft) "N1"3561-90 cm (2-3 ft) "N2"691-120 cm (3-4 ft) "N3"6121-180 cm (4-6 ft) "N4"Sum Dia's Above 180 cm (6 ft) "D"20Solution: T =B+M1N1+M2N2+M3N3+M4N4+DF = 125+0.4 (35)+0.6 (6)+2.5 (6)+5.0 (2)+[DF=0] = 42.6 = 177.6 minutes/hectare (72 min/acre) To find the number of machines required for each operation, use the formula:Hr/hectare (acre) number of hectares (acres) = number of machines needed**Average machine production for all operation in hr/hectare (acre).To cost estimate each method or phase of operation, use this calculation:Owning and Operating cost/hr hr/hectare (acre) number of hectares (acres) = costBecause of the many variables that increase or decrease production, these formulas should be considered only as guidelines in arriving at a rough production estimate. This estimate should be tempered by personal judg ment based on past experience and personal knowledge of the area.24-8MINING AND EARTHMOVINGCONTENTS Elements of Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-1Volume Measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-2 Swell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-2 Load Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-2 Material Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-2 Fill Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-3 Soil Density Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-3 Figuring Production On-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-4 Load Weighing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-4 Time Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-4 English Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-5 Metric Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-5 Estimating Production Off-the-Job . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-6 Rolling Resistance(Mining/Quarry Applications) . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-6 Rolling Resistance (Earthmoving andNON-Mining/Quarry Applications) . . . . . . . 25-7 Grade Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-8 Total Resistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-8 Traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-8 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-9 Job Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-10 English Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-10 Metric Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-12 Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-15 Economic Haul Distances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-15 RI Pass Match Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-16 Production Estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-17 Loading Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-17 Fuel Consumption and Productivity . . . . . . . . . . 25-17 Formulas and Rules of Thumb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-18INTRODUCTIONThis section explains the earthmoving principles used to determine machine productivity. It shows how to calculate production on-the-job or estimate production off-the-job.ELEMENTS OF PRODUCTIONProduction is the hourly rate at which material is moved. Production can be expressed in various units:MetricBank Cubic Meters-- BCM -- bank m3Loose Cubic Meters-- LCM -- loose m3Compacted Cubic Meters -- CCM -- compacted m3Tonnes 25EnglishBank Cubic Yards-- BCY -- bank yd3Loose Cubic Yards-- LCY -- loose yd3Compacted Cubic Yards -- CCY -- compacted yd3TonsFor most earthmoving and material handling appli cations, production is calculated by multiplying the quan tity of material (load) moved per cycle by the number of cycles per hour.Production = Load/cycle cycles/hourThe load can be determined by 1) load weighing with scales 2) load estimating based on machine rating 3) surveyed volume divided by load count 4) machine payload measurement systemGenerally, earthmoving and overburden removal for coal mines are calculated by volume (bank cubic meters or bank cubic yards). Metal mines and aggregate pro ducers usually work in weight (tons or tonnes).25-1Mining and EarthmovingElements of Production Volume Measure Swell Load Factor Material DensityVolume Measure -- Material volume is defined according to its state in the earthmoving process. The three measures of volume are:BCM (BCY) -- one cubic meter (yard) of material as it lies in the natural bank state.LCM (LCY) -- one cubic meter (yard) of material which has been disturbed and has swelled as a result of movement.CCM (CCY) -- one cubic meter (yard) of material which has been compacted and has become more dense as a result of compaction.In order to estimate production, the relationships between bank measure, loose measure, and compacted measure must be known.Swell -- Swell is the percentage of original volume (cubic meters or cubic yards) that a material increases when it is removed from the natural state. When exca vated, the material breaks up into different size particles that do not fit together, causing air pockets or voids to reduce the weight per volume. For example to hold the same weight of one cubic unit of bank material it takes 30% more volume (1.3 times) after excavation. (Swell is 30%.)Loose cubic volume for a given weight 1 + Swell = Bank cubic volume for the same given weightLoose Bank = (1 + Swell)Loose = Bank (1 + Swell)Example Problem:If a material swells 20%, how many loose cubic meters (loose cubic yards) will it take to move 1000 bank cubic meters (1308 bank cubic yards)?Loose = Bank (1 + Swell) = 1000 BCM (1 + 0.2) = 1200 LCM 1308 BCY (1 + 0.2) = 1570 LCYHow many bank cubic meters (yards) were moved if a total of 1000 loose cubic meters (1308 yards) have been moved? Swell is 25%.Bank = Loose ÷ (1 + Swell) = 1000 LCM ÷ (1 + 0.25) = 800 BCM 1308 LCY ÷ (1 + 0.25) = 1046 BCYLoad Factor -- Assume one bank cubic yard of material weighs 3000 lb. Because of material char acteristics, this bank cubic yard swells 30% to 1.3 loose cubic yards when loaded, with no change in weight. If this 1.0 bank cubic yard or 1.3 loose cubic yards is com pacted, its volume may be reduced to 0.8 compacted cubic yard, and the weight is still 3000 lb.Instead of dividing by 1 + Swell to determine bank volume, the loose volume can be multiplied by the load factor.If the percent of material swell is known, the load factor (L.F.) may be obtained by using the following relationship:100% L.F. =100% + % swellLoad factors for various materials are listed in the Tables Section of this handbook.To estimate the machine payload in bank cubic yards, the volume in loose cubic yards is multiplied by the load factor:Load (BCY) = Load (LCY) L.F.The ratio between compacted measure and bank measure is called shrinkage factor (S.F.):S.F. = Compacted cubic yards (CCY) Bank cubic yards (BCY)Shrinkage factor is either estimated or obtained from job plans or specifications which show the conversion from compacted measure to bank measure. Shrinkage factor should not be confused with percentage com paction (used for specifying embankment density, such as Modified Proctor or California Bearing Ratio [CBR]).Material Density -- Density is the weight per unit volu me of a material. Materials have various densities depending on particle size, moisture content and varia tions in the material. The denser the material the more weight there is per unit of equal volume. Density estimates are provided in the Tables Section of this handbook.Density = Weight = kg (lb) Volume m3 (yd3)Weight = Volume Density25-2Elements of Production Fill Factor Soil Density TestsMining and EarthmovingA given material's density changes between bank and loose. One cubic unit of loose material has less weight than one cubic unit of bank material due to air pockets and voids. To correct between bank and loose use the following equations.kg/BCM lb/BCY1 + Swell =orkg/LCM lb/LCYlb/BCY lb/LCY =(1 + Swell)lb/BCY = lb/LCY (1 + Swell)Fill Factor -- The percentage of an available volume in a body, bucket, or bowl that is actually used is expressed as the fill factor. A fill factor of 87% for a hauler body means that 13% of the rated volume is not being used to carry material. Buckets often have fill factors over 100%.Example Problem:A 14 cubic yard (heaped 2:1) bucket has a 105% fill factor when operating in a shot sandstone (4125 lb/BCY and a 35% swell). a) What is the loose density of the material? b) What is the usable volume of the bucket? c) What is the bucket payload per pass in BCY? d) What is the bucket payload per pass in tons?a) lb/LCY = lb/BCY ÷ (1 + Swell) = 4125 ÷ (1.35) = 3056 lb/LCYb) LCY = rated LCY fill factor = 14 1.05 = 14.7 LCYc) lb/pass = volume density lb/LCY = 14.7 3056 = 44,923 lb BCY/pass = weight ÷ density lb/BCY = 44,923 ÷ 4125 = 10.9 BCY or bucket LCY from part b ÷ (1 + Swell) = 14.7 ÷ 1.35 = 10.9 BCYd) tons/pass = lb ÷ 2000 lb/ton = 44,923 ÷ 2000 = 22.5 tonsExample Problem:Construct a 10,000 compacted cubic yard (CCY) bridge approach of dry clay with a shrinkage factor (S.F.) of 0.80. Haul unit is rated 14 loose cubic yards struck and 20 loose cubic yards heaped. a) How many bank yards are needed? b) How many loads are required?CCY 10,000a) BCY === 12,500 BCYS.F. 0.80b) Load (BCY) = Capacity (LCY) Load factor (L.F.) = 20 0.81 = 16.2 BCY/Load(L.F. of 0.81 from Tables)Number of12,500 BCYloads required == 772 Loads16.2 BCY/Load Soil Density Tests -- There are a number of accept able methods that can be used to determine soil density. Some that are currently in use are:Nuclear density moisture gauge25Sand cone methodOil methodBalloon methodCylinder methodAll these except the nuclear method use the follow ing procedure:1. Remove a soil sample from bank state. 2. Determine the volume of the hole. 3. Weigh the soil sample. 4. Calculate the bank density kg/BCM (lb/BCY).The nuclear density moisture gauge is one of the most modern instruments for measuring soil density and moisture. A common radiation channel emits either neutrons or gamma rays into the soil. In determining soil density, the number of gamma rays absorbed and back scattered by soil particles is indirectly propor tional to the soil density. When measuring moisture content, the number of moderated neutrons reflected back to the detector after colliding with hydrogen particles in the soil is directly proportional to the soil's moisture content.All these methods are satisfactory and will provide accurate densities when performed correctly. Several repetitions are necessary to obtain an average.NOTE: Several newer methods have been successfully applied, along with weigh scales to determine volume and loose density of material moved in hauler bodies. These measurements include photo grammatic and laser scanning technologies.25-3Mining and EarthmovingFiguring Production On-the-Job Load Weighing Time StudiesFIGURING PRODUCTION ON-THE-JOBLoad Weighing -- The most accurate method of determining the actual load carried is by weighing. This is normally done by weighing the haul unit one wheel or axle at a time with portable scales. Any scales of adequate capacity and accuracy can be used. While weighing, the machine must be level to reduce error caused by weight transfer. Enough loads must be weighed to provide a good average. Machine weight is the sum of the individual wheel or axle weights.The weight of the load can be determined using the empty and loaded weight of the unit. Weight ofload = gross machine weight empty weight To determine the bank cubic measure carried by a machine, the load weight is divided by the bankstate density of the material being hauled.Weight of load BCY =Bank densityTimes Studies -- To estimate production, the number of complete trips a unit makes per hour must be deter mined. First obtain the unit's cycle time with the help of a stop watch. Time several complete cycles to arrive at an average cycle time. By allowing the watch to run continuously, different segm ents such as load time, wait time, etc. can be recorded for each cycle. Knowing the individual time segments affords a good opportunity to evaluate the balance of the spread and job efficiency. The following is an example of a scraper load time study form. Numbers in the white columns are stop watch readings; numbers in the shaded columns are calculated:Total Cycle Times (less Arrive Wait Begin Load End Begin Delay End delays) Cut Time Load Time Load Delay Time Delay0.00 0.30 0.30 0.60 0.903.50 3.50 0.30 3.80 0.65 4.454.00 7.50 0.35 7.85 0.70 8.55 9.95 1.00 10.954.00 12.50 0.42 12.92 0.68 13.60NOTE: All numbers are in minutesThis may be easily extended to include other seg ments of the cycle such as haul time, dump time, etc. Haul roads may be further segmented to more accu rately define performance, including measured speed traps. Similar forms can be made for pushers, loaders, dozers, etc. Wait Time is the time a unit must wait for another unit so that the two can function together (haul unit waiting for pusher). Delay Time is any time, other than wait time, when a machine is not performing in the work cycle (scraper waiting to cross railroad track).To determine trips-per-hour at 100% efficiency, divide 60 minutes by the average cycle time less all wait and delay time. Cycle time may or may not include wait and/or delay time. Therefore, it is possible to figure different kinds of production: measured production, production without wait or delay, maximum production, etc. For example: Actual Production: includes all wait and delay time. Normal Production (without delays): includes waittime that is considered normal, but no delay time. Maximum Production: to figure maximum (or optimum)production, both wait time and delay time are elim inated. The cycle time may be further altered by using an optimum load time.25-4Figuring Production On-the-Job Example (English/Metric)Mining and EarthmovingExample (English)A job study of a Wheel Tractor-Scraper might yield the following information:Average wait time Average load time Average delay time Average haul time Average dump time Average return time= minute0.28 =0.65 =0.25 =4.26 =0.50 =2.09Average total cycle= minutes 8.03Less wait & delay time =0.53 Average cycle 100% eff. =7.50minutesWeight of haul unit empty -- 48,650 lb Weights of haul unit loaded --Weighing unit #1 -- 93,420 lb Weighing unit #2 -- 89,770 lb Weighing unit #3 -- 88,760 lb271,950 lb; average = 90,650 lb1. Average load weight = 90,650 lb 48,650 lb = 42,000 lb 2. Bank density = 3125 lb/BCYWeight of load 3. Load = Bank density42,000 lb3.Load == 13.4 BCY3125 lb/BCY4. Cycles/hr =60 min/hr 60 min/hr Cycle time = 7.50 min/cycle = 80 cycles/hr5.Production = Load/cycle cycles/hr (less delays) = 13.4 BCY/cycle 8.0 cycles/hr = 107.2 BCY/hrExample (Metric)A job study of a Wheel Tractor-Scraper might yield the following information:Average wait time = 0.28 minute Average load time = 0.65 Average delay time = 0.25 Average haul time = 4.26 Average dump time = 0.50 Average return time = 2.09Average total cycle = 8.03 minutesLess wait & delay time = 0.53 Average cycle 100% eff. = 7.50 minutesWeight of haul unit empty -- 22 070 kgWeights of haul unit loaded -- Weighing unit #1 -- 42 375 kg25Weighing unit #2 -- 40 720 kgWeighing unit #3 -- 40 260 kg123 355 kg; average = 41 120 kg1. Average load weight = 41 120 kg 22 070 kg = 19 050 kg2. Bank density = 1854 kg/BCMWeight of load 3. Load = Bank density19 050 kg3.Load == 10.3 BCM1854 kg/BCM4. Cycles/hr =60 min/hr 60 min/hr Cycle time = 7.50 min/cycle = 80 cycles/hr5.Production = Load/cycle cycles/hr (less delays) = 10.3 BCM/cycle 8.0 cycles/hr = 82 BCM/hrr25-5Mining and EarthmovingEstimating Production Off-the-Job Rolling Resistance (Mining/Quarry Applications)ESTIMATING PRODUCTION OFF-THE-JOBIt is often necessary to estimate production of earth moving machines which will be selected for a job. As a guide, the remainder of the section is devoted to discus sions of various factors that may affect prod uction. Some of the figures have been rounded for easier calculation.Rolling Resistance (Mining/Quarry Applications)Rolling Resistance (RR) is a measure of the force that must be overcome to roll or pull a wheel over the ground. The resistance has two major components: the tire and the terrain. The terrain resistance only is applicable when there is tire sinkage or road flexing, such that energy is being lost to the road through the deformation work done. The resistance due to sinkage will vary significantly based on the properties and condition of a given material. Regardless of the degree of surface interaction, the losses relating to the tire are based primarily on the heat generation due to the hysteresis for the rubber under cyclic deformation. The tire losses are sensitive to inflation pressure, tire temperature, tread pattern, compound, vertical load, tractive force, and velocity.In practice, mining trucks' haul roads are in good condition and are not subject to terrain induced resistance such as sinkage or flexing. Mines often do have areas of rough ground conditions, but the interaction is limited to the load and dump areas or short seasonal changes. Performance studies have used speed traps to demonstrate that mining truck haul ramps present 1.25%-1.5% effective grade of resistance across a broad range of applications. Rolling resistance reference tables previously have been provided, but these have changed little in 50 years of publication despite the advances in tire technology, truck size and mining practices. Due to the applicability and variability of the terramechanics, these legacy tables are no longer included.While determining which number to use for Rolling Resistance, it is important to consider the inherent application nuances and uncertainty. For example, if evaluating uphill propulsion performance, using a higher rolling resistance value would produce a conservative result. Conversely, for downhill retarding performance, a lower value would produce a conservative result as the Total Effective Resistance is calculated by subtracting Rolling Resistance for a downhill application, which is counterintuitive as Rolling Resistance helps downhill.It is important to consider the impact of under or overestimating Rolling Resistance and how it can disproportionately affect performance estimates of trucks with different drive systems. In the case of Electric Drive machines, any change in Rolling Resistance will more than likely produce a relational change in performance (speed on grade) as their performance curves consist of constant power. Conversely, traditional Mechanical Drive machines will have a larger range of sensitivity, ranging from none to significant. For instance, when retarding downhill, generally the maximum power for a mechanical drive truck is at high idle speed in each gear, such that a decrease in Rolling Resistance may have no impact on speed on one extreme if there is additional capacity remaining in that gear, or the speed will decrease by an entire gear on the other extreme if capacity in that gear was exceeded. A similar effect can be seen in uphill propulsion where a truck narrowly may or may not make a shift point based on nominal numbers, which will have a sizable impact on speed.The effect of the Rolling Resistance parameter is no different than Machine Weight and Geometric Grade, with the key difference being both of those are directly measurable at a high level of precision. It is due to this quantification complexity of Rolling Resistance that care should be taken when applying figures such that margin is included to ensure confidence in the predicted result.Contact your local Caterpillar representative for support assessing Rolling Resistance in your application.25-6Estimating Production Off-the-Job Rolling Resistance (Earthmoving and NON-Mining/Quarry Applications)Mining and EarthmovingRolling Resistance (Earthmoving and NONMining/Quarry Applications)Rolling Resistance (RR) is a measure of the forcethat must be overcome to roll or pull a wheel over theground. It is affected by ground conditions and load --the deeper a wheel sinks into the ground, the higher therolling resistance. Internal friction and tire flexing alsocontribute to rolling resistance. Experience has shownthat minimum resistance is 1%-1.5% (see Typical RollingResistance Factors in Tables section) of the gross machineweight (on tires). A 2% base resistance is quite oftenused as a conservative estimate. Larger tires and goodunderfoot conditions, typical of hard rock miningapplications, would lead to estimates on the lower sideof the minimum rolling resistance range.25Resistance due to tire penetration is approximately1.5% of the gross machine weight for each inch of tirepenetration (0.6% for each cm of tire penetration).Thus rolling resistance can be calculated using theserelationships in the following manner:RR = 2 % of GMW + 0.6% of GMW per cm tirepenetrationRR = 2 % of GMW + 1.5% of GMW per inch tirepenetrationIt's not necessary for the tires to actually penetrate theroad surface for rolling resistance to increase above theminimum. If the road surface flexes under load, theeffect is nearly the same -- the tire is always running"uphill." Only on very hard, smooth surfaces with a wellcompacted base will the rolling resistance approach theminimum.When actual penetration takes place, some variationin rolling resistance can be noted with various inflationpressures and tread patterns.NOTE:W hen figuring "pull" requirements for tracktype tractors, rolling resistance applies only to the trailed unit's weight on wheels. Since tracktype tractors utilize steel wheels moving on steel "roads," a tractor's rolling resistance is relatively constant and is accounted for in the Drawbar Pull rating.25-7Mining and EarthmovingEstimating Production Off-the-Job Grade Resistance Total Resistance TractionGrade Resistance is a measure of the force that must be overcome to move a machine over unfavorable grades (uphill). Grade assistance is a measure of the force that assists machine movement on favorable grades (downhill).Grades are generally measured in percent slope, which is the ratio between vertical rise or fall and the horizontal distance in which the rise or fall occurs. For example, a 1% grade is equivalent to a 1 m (ft) rise or fall for every 100 m (ft) of horizontal distance; a rise of 4.6 m (15 ft) in 53.3 m (175 ft) equals an 8.6% grade.4.6 m (rise) = 8.6% grade53.3 m (horizontal distance)15 ft (rise) = 8.6% grade175 ft (horizontal distance)Uphill grades are normally referred to as adverse grades and downhill grades as favorable grades. Grade resistance is usually expressed as a positive (+) percent age and grade assistance is expressed as a negative () percentage.It has been found that for each 1% increment of adverse grade an additional 10 kg (20 lb) of resistance must be overcome for each metric (U.S.) ton of machine weight. This relationship is the basis for determining the Grade Resistance Factor which is expressed in kg/ metric ton (lb/U.S. ton):Grade Resistance Factor = 10 kg/m ton % grade = 20 lb/U.S. ton % gradeGrade resistance (assistance) is then obtained by mul tiplying the Grade Resistance Factor by the machine weight (GMW) in metric (U.S.) tons.Grade Resistance = GR Factor GMW in metric (U.S.) tonsGrade resistance may also be calculated using per centage of gross weight. This method is based on the relationship that grade resistance is approximately equal to 1% of the gross machine weight for 1% of grade.Grade Resistance = 1% of GMW % gradeGrade resistance (assistance) affects both wheel and track-type machines.Total Resistance is the combined effect of rolling resistance (wheel vehicles) and grade resistance. It can be computed by summing the values of rolling resistance and grade resistance to give a resistance in kilogram (pounds) force.Total Resistance = Rolling Resistance + Grade ResistanceTotal resistance can also be represented as consisting completely of grade resistance expressed in percent grade. In other words, the rolling resistance component is viewed as a corresponding quantity of additional adverse grade resistance. Using this approach, total resistance can then be considered in terms of percent grade.This can be done by converting the contribution of rolling resistance into a corresponding percentage of grade resistance. Since 1% of adverse grade offers a resistance of 10 kg (20 lb) for each metric or (U.S.) ton of machine weight, then each 10 kg (20 lb) of resistance per ton of machine weight can be represented as an additional 1% of adverse grade. Rolling resistance in percent grade and grade resistance in percent grade can then be summed to give Total Resistance in percent or Effective Grade. The following formulas are useful in arriving at Effective Grade.Rolling Resistance (%) = 2% + 0.6% per cm tire penetration= 2% + 1.5% per inch tire penetrationGrade Resistance (%) = % grade Effective Grade (%) = RR (%) + GR (%)Effective grade is a useful concept when working with Rimpull-Speed-Gradeability curves, Retarder curves, Brake Performance curves, and Travel Time curves.Traction -- is the driving force developed by a wheel or track as it acts upon a surface. It is expressed as usable Drawbar Pull or Rimpull. The following factors affect traction: weight on the driving wheel or tracks, gripping action of the wheel or track, and ground conditions. The coefficient of traction (for any roadway) is the ratio of the maximum pull developed by the machine to the total weight on the d rivers.Pull Coeff. of traction =weight on driversTherefore, to find the usable pull for a given machine: Usable pull = Coeff. of traction weight on driversExample: Track-Type TractorWhat usable drawbar pull (DBP) can a 26 800 kg (59,100 lb) Track-type Tractor exert while working on firm earth? on loose earth? (See table section for coefficient of traction.)25-8Estimating Production Off-the-Job AltitudeMining and EarthmovingAnswer: Firm earth -- Usable DBP =0.90 26 800 kg = 24 120 kg (0.90 59,100 lb = 53,190 lb) Loose earth -- Usable DBP = 0.60 26 800 kg = 16 080 kg (0.60 59,100 lb = 35,460 lb)If a load required 21 800 kg (48,000 lb) pull to move it, this tractor could move the load on firm earth. However, if the earth were loose, the tracks would spin.NOTE:T ractors may attain higher coefficients of traction due to their suspended undercarriage.Example: Wheel Tractor-ScraperWhat usable rimpull can a 621F size machine exert while working on firm earth? on loose earth? The total loaded weight distribution of this unit is:Drive unit wheels: 23 600 kg(52,000 lb)Scraper unit wheels: 21 800 kg(48,000 lb)Remember, use weight on drivers only. Answer:Firm earth -- 0.55 23 600 kg = 12 980 kg (0.55 52,000 lb = 28,600 lb)Loose earth -- 0.45 23 600 kg = 10 620 kg (0.45 52,000 lb = 23,400 lb)On firm earth this unit can exert up to 12 980 kg (28,600 lb) rimpull without excessive slipping. How ever, on loose earth the drivers would slip if more than 10 620 kg (23,400 lb) rimpull were developed. Altitude -- Specification sheets show how much pull a machine can produce for a given gear and speed when the engine is operating at rated horsepower. When a standard machine is operated in high altitudes, the engine may require derating to maintain normal engine life. This engine deration will produce less drawbar pull or rimpull.Manufacturers through engineering can provide the altitude deration in percent of flywheel horsepower for current machines. It should be noted that some turbocharged engines can operate up to 4570 m (15,000 ft) before they require derating. Most machines are engineered to operate up to 1500-2290 m (50007500 ft) before they require deration.RIMPULL TOTAL RESISTANCEThe horsepower deration due to altitude must be considered in any job estimating. The amount of power deration will be reflected in the machine's gradeability and in the load, travel, and dump and load times (unless loading is independent of the machine itself). Altitude may also reduce retarding performance. Consult a Cat representative to determine if deration is applicable. Fuel grade (heat content) can have a similar effect of derating engine performance.The example job problem that follows indicates one method of accounting for altitude deration: by increas ing the appropriate components of the total cycle time by a percentage equal to the percent of horsepower deration due to altitude. (i.e., if the travel time of a hauling unit is determined to be 1.00 minute at full HP, the time for the same machine derated to 90% of full HP 25 will be 1.10 min.) This is an approximate method that yields reasonably accurate estimates up to 3000 m (10,000 feet) elevation.Travel time for hauling units derated more than 10% should be calculated as follows using Rimpull-SpeedGradeability charts.1) Determine total resistance (grade plus rolling) in percent.GROSS MACHINE WEIGHT (GMW) EMPTY LOADEDSPEED2) Beginning at point A on the chart follow the total resistance line diagonally to its intersection, B, with the vertical line corresponding to the appropriate gross machine weight. (Rated loaded and empty GMW lines are shown dotted.)3) Using a straight-edge, establish a horizontal line to the left from point B to point C on the rim-pull scale.4) Divide the value of point C as read on the rimpull scale by the percent of total horsepower available after altitude deration from manufacturer. This yields rimpull value D higher than point C.25-9Mining and EarthmovingEstimating Production Off-the-Job Job Efficiency Example Problem (English)5) Establish a horizontal line right from point D. The farthest right intersection of this line with a curved speed range line is point E.6) A vertical line down from point E determines point F on the speed scale.7) Multiply speed in kmh by 16.7 (mph by 88) to obtain speed in m/min (ft/min). Travel time in minutes for a given distance in feet is determined by the formula:Distance in m (ft) Time (min) =Speed in m/min (ft/min)The Travel Time Graphs in sections on Wheel Tractor-Scrapers and Construction & Mining Trucks can be used as an alternative method of calculating haul and/or return times.Job Efficiency is one of the most complex elements of estimating production since it is influenced by fac tors such as operator skill, minor repairs and adjustments, personnel delays, and delays caused by job layout. An approximation of efficiency, if no job data is available, is given below.Operation DayNightWorking Hour 50 min/hr45 min/hrEfficiencyFactor 0.830.75These factors do not account for delays due to weather or machine downtime for maintenance and repairs. You must account for such factors based on experience and local conditions. The following example provides a method to manually estimate production and cost. Today, computer pro grams, such as Caterpillar's Fleet Production and Cost Analysis (FPC), provide a much faster and more accurate means to obtain those application results.Example problem (English)A contractor is planning to put the following spread on a dam job. What is the estimated production?Equipment: 11 -- 631GWheel Tractor-Scrapers 2 -- D9T Tractors with C-dozers 2 -- 12H Motor Graders 1 -- 825G Tamping Foot CompactorMaterial: Description -- Sandy clay; damp, natural bed Bank Density -- 3000 lb/BCY Load Factor -- 0.80 Shrinkage Factor -- 0.85 Traction Factor -- 0.50 Altitude -- 7500 ft1. Estimate Payload: Est. load (LCY) L.F. Bank Density = payload 31 LCY 0.80 3000 lb/BCY = 74,400 lb payload2. Establish Machine Weight: Empty Wt. -- 102,460 lb or 51.27 tonsWt. of Load -- 74,400 lb or 37.2 tonsTotal (GMW) -- 176,860 lb or 88.4 tons3. Calculate Usable Pull (traction limitation):Loaded: (weight on driving wheels = 54%) (GMW)Traction Factor Wt. on driving wheels =0.50 176,860 lb 54% = 47,628 lbEmpty: (weight on driving wheels = 69%) (GMW)Traction Factor Wt. on driving wheels =0.50 102,460 lb 69% = 35,394 lb4. Derate for Altitude:Check power available at 7500 ft from altitudederation percentage from manufacturer.631G -- 100%12H -- 83%D9T -- 100%825G --100%Job Layout -- Haul and Return:0% Grade0% GradeSec. A -- Cut 400' RR = 200 lb/ton Eff. Grade = 10%Sec. B -- Haul 1500' RR = 80 lb/ton Eff. Grade = 4%4% Grade SREeRfcf..=CG8r--0adlbHe/at=ounl81%000'0% GradeSec. D -- Fill 400' RR = 200 lb/ton Eff. Grade = 10%Total Effective Grade = RR (%) ± GR (%)Sec. A: Total Effective Grade = 10% + 0% = 10% Sec. B: Total Effective Grade = 4% + 0% = 4% Sec. C: Total Effective Grade = 4% + 4% = 8% Sec. D: Total Effective Grade = 10% + 0% = 10%25-10Estimating Production Off-the-Job Example Problem (English)Mining and EarthmovingThen adjust if necessary: Load Time -- controlled by D9T, at 100% power, nochange. Travel, Maneuver and Spread time -- 631G, no change.5. Compare Total Resistance to Tractive Effort on haul: Grade Resistance -- GR = lb/ton tons adverse grade in percentSec. C: = 20 lb/ton 88.4 tons 4% grade = 7072 lbRolling Resistance -- RR = RR Factor (lb/ton) GMW (tons)Sec. A: = 200 lb/ton 88.4 tons = 17,686 lb Sec. B: = 80 lb/ton 88.4 tons = 1,7072 lb Sec. C: = 80 lb/ton 88.4 tons = 1,7072 lb Sec. D: = 200 lb/ton 88.4 tons = 17,686 lbTotal Resistance -- TR = RR + GRSec. A: = 17,686 lb + 0 = 17,686 lb Sec. B: = ,7072 lb + 0 = 1,7072 lb Sec. C: = ,7072 lb + 6496 lb = 14,144 lb Sec. D: = 17,686 lb + 0 = 17,686 lbCheck usable pounds pull against maximum pounds pull required to move the 631G.Pull usable ... 47,628 lb loaded Pull required ... 17,686 lb maximum total resistance Estimate travel time for haul from 631G (loaded) travel time curve; read travel time from distance and effective grade. Travel time (from curves):Sec. A: 0.60 min Sec. B: 1.00 Sec. C: 1.20 Sec. D: 0.603.40 minNOTE: This is an estimate only; it does not account for all the acceleration and deceleration time, therefore it is not as accurate as the information obtained from a computer program.6. Compare Total Resistance to Tractive Effort on return: Grade Assistance -- GA = 20 lb/ton tons negative grade in percentSec. C: = 2 0 lb/ton 51.2 tons 4% grade = 4096 lbRolling Resistance -- RR = RR Factor Empty Wt (tons)Sec. D: = 200 lb/ton 51.2 tons = 10,240 lb Sec. C: = 80 lb/ton 51.2 tons = 1,4091 lb Sec. B: = 80 lb/ton 51.2 tons = 1,4091 lb Sec. A: = 200 lb/ton 51.2 tons = 10,240 lbTotal Resistance --TR = RR GASec. D: = 10,240 lb 0 = 10,240 lbSec. C: = 4096 lb 4096 lb = 025Sec. B: = 4096 lb 0 = 1,4096 lbSec. A: = 10,240 lb 0 = 10,240 lbCheck usable pounds pull against maximum pounds pull required to move the 631G.Pounds pull usable ... 35,349 lb empty Pounds pull required ... 10,240 lb Estimate travel time for return from 631G empty travel time curve. Travel time (from curves):Sec. A: 0.40 min Sec. B: 0.55 Sec. C: 0.80 Sec. D: 0.402.15 min7. Estimate Cycle Time:Total Travel Time (Haul plus Return) = 5.55 minAdjusted for altitude: 100% 5.55 min = 5.55 minLoad Time0.7 minManeuver and Spread Time0.7 minTotal Cycle Time6.95 min25-11Mining and EarthmovingEstimating Production Off-the-Job Example Problem (English) Example Problem (Metric)8. Check pusher-scraper combinations: Pusher cycle time consists of load, boost, return andmaneuver time. Where actual job data is not available, the following may be used.Boost time = 0.10 minute Return time = 40% of load time Maneuver time = 0.15 minute Pusher cycle time = 140% of load time + 0.25 minute Pusher cycle time = 140% of 0.7 min + 0.25 minute= 0.98 + 0.25 = 1.23 minuteScraper cycle time divided by pusher cycle time indi cates the number of scrapers which can be handled by each pusher.6.95 min 1.23 min = 5.65Each push tractor is capable of handling five plus scrapers. Therefore the two pushers can adequately serve the eleven scrapers.9. Estimate Production:Cycles/hour = 60 min ÷ Total cycle time= 60 min/hr ÷ 6.95 min/cycle= 8.6 cycles/hrEstimated load = Heaped capacity L.F.= 31 LCY 0.80= 24.8 BCY Hourly unit = Est. load cycles/hrproduction = 24.8 BCY 8.6 cycles/hr= 213 BCY/hrAdjusted= Efficiency factor hourlyproductionproduction= 0.83 (50 min hour) 213 BCY= 177 BCY/hrHourly fleet = Unit production No. of unitsproduction = 177 BCY/hr 11= 1947 BCY/hr10. Estimate Compaction:Compaction = S.F. hourly fleet production requirement = 0.85 1947 BCY/hr = 1655 CCY/hrCompaction capability (given the following):Compacting width, 7.4 ft(W)Average compacting speed, 6 mph(S)Compacted lift thickness, 7 in(L)No. of passes required, 3(P)825G production =W S L 16.3CCY/hr =(conversion constant)P7.4 6 7 16.3 CCY/hr =3CCY/hr = 1688 CCY/hrGiven the compaction requirement of 1655 CCY/hr, the 825G is an adequate compactor match-up for the rest of the fleet. However, any change to job layout that would increase fleet production would upset this balance. Example problem (Metric)A contractor is planning to put the following spread on a dam job. What is the estimated production?Equipment: 11 -- 631G Wheel Tractor-Scrapers 2 -- D9T Tractors with C-dozers 2 -- 12H Motor Graders 1 -- 825G Tamping Foot CompactorMaterial: Description -- Sandy clay; damp, natural bed Bank Density -- 1770 kg/BCM Load Factor -- 0.80 Shrinkage Factor -- 0.85 Traction Factor -- 0.50 Altitude -- 2300 meters25-12Estimating Production Off-the-Job Example Problem (Metric)Mining and EarthmovingJob Layout -- Haul and Return:0% Grade0% GradeSec. A -- Cut 150 m RR = 100 kg/t Eff. Grade = 10%Sec. B -- Haul 450 m RR = 40 kg/t Eff. Grade = 4%4% Grade SREeRfcf..=CG4r--0adkHgea/=tul83%00 m0% GradeSec. D -- Fill 150 m RR = 100 kg/t Eff. Grade = 10%Total Effective Grade = RR (%) ± GR (%) Sec. A: Total Effective Grade = 10% + 0% = 10% Sec. B: Total Effective Grade = 4% + 0% = 4% Sec. C: Total Effective Grade = 4% + 4% = 8% Sec. D: Total Effective Grade = 10% + 0% = 10%1. Estimate Payload: Est. load (LCM) L.F. Bank Density = payload 24 LCM 0.80 1770 kg/BCM = 34 000 kg payload2. Machine Weight: Empty Wt. -- 46 475 kg or 46.48 metric tons Wt. of Load -- 34 000 kg or 34 metric tons Total (GMW) -- 80 475 kg or 80.48 metric tons3. Calculate Usable Pull (traction limitation): Loaded: (weight on driving wheels = 54%) (GMW)Traction Factor Wt. on driving wheels = 0.50 80 475 kg 54% = 21 728 kgEmpty: (weight on driving wheels = 69%) (GMW) Traction Factor Wt. on driving wheels = 0.50 46 475 kg 69% = 16 034 kg4. Derate for Altitude: Check power available at 2300 m from altitudederation percentage from manufacturer. 631G -- 100% 12H -- 83% D9T -- 100% 825G -- 100%Then adjust if necessary: Load Time -- controlled by D9T, at 100% power, nochange. Travel, Maneuver and Spread time -- 631G, no change.5. Compare Total Resistance to Tractive Effort on haul: Grade Resistance -- GR = 1 0 kg/metric ton tons adverse gradein percent Sec. C: = 10 kg/metric ton 80.48 metric tons 4%grade = 3219 kgRolling Resistance --RR = RR Factor (kg/mton) GMW (metric tons)Sec. A: = 1 00 kg/metric ton 80.48 metric tons= 8048 kgSec. B: = 40 kg/metric ton 80.48 metric tons= 3219 kgSec. C: = 40 kg/metric ton 80.48 metric tons25= 3219 kgSec. D: = 100 kg/metric ton 80.48 metric tons= 8048 kgTotal Resistance -- TR = RR + GRSec. A: = 8048 kg + 0 = 8048 kg Sec. B: = 3219 kg + 0 = 3219 kg Sec. C: = 3219 kg + 3219 kg = 6438 kg Sec. D: = 8048 kg + 0 = 8048 kgCheck usable kilogram force against maximum kilogram force required to move the 631G.Force usable ... 21 728 kg loaded Force required ... 8048 kg maximum total resistance Estimate travel time for haul from 631G (loaded) travel time curve; read travel time from distance and effective grade. Travel time (from curves):Sec. A: 0.60 min Sec. B: 1.00 Sec. C: 1.20 Sec. D: 0.603.40 minNOTE:T his is an estimate only; it does not account for all the acceleration and deceleration time, therefore it is not as accurate as the information obtained from a computer program.6. Compare Total Resistance to Tractive Effort on return: Grade Assistance -- GA = 10 k g/mton metric tons negative gradein percent Sec. C: = 1 0 kg/metric ton 46.48 metric tons 4% grade = 1859 kg25-13Mining and EarthmovingEstimating Production Off-the-Job Example Problem (Metric)Rolling Resistance -- RR = RR Factor Empty Wt.Sec. D: = 100 kg/metric ton 46.48 metric tons= 4648 kg Sec. C: = 40 kg/metric ton 46.48 metric tons= 1859 kg Sec. B: = 40 kg/metric ton 46.48 metric tons= 1859 kg Sec. A: = 100 kg/metric ton 46.48 metric tons= 4648 kgTotal Resistance -- TR = RR GASec. D: = 4648 kg 0 = 4648 kg Sec. C: = 1859 kg 1859 kg = 0 Sec. B: = 1859 kg 0 = 1859 kg Sec. A: = 4648 kg 0 = 4648 kgCheck usable kilogram force against maximum force required to move the 631G.Kilogram force usable ... 16 034 kg empty Kilogram force required ... 4645 kg Estimate travel time for return from 631G empty travel time curve. Travel time (from curves):Sec. A: 0.40 min Sec. B: 0.55 Sec. C: 0.80 Sec. D: 0.402.15 min7. Estimate Cycle Time:Total Travel Time (Haul plus Return) = 5.55 minAdjusted for altitude: 100% 5.55 min = 5.55 minLoad Time0.7 minManeuver and Spread Time0.7 minTotal Cycle Time6.95 min8. Check pusher-scraper combinations: Pusher cycle time consists of load, boost, return andmaneuver time. Where actual job data is not available, the following may be used.Boost time = 0.10 minute Return time = 40% of load time Maneuver time = 0.15 minute Pusher cycle time = 140% of load time + 0.25 minute Pusher cycle time = 140% of 0.7 min + 0.25 minute= 0.98 + 0.25 = 1.23 minuteScraper cycle time divided by pusher cycle timeindicates the number of scrapers which can be handledby each pusher.6.95 min 1.23 min = 5.6525-14Each push tractor is capable of handling five plus scrapers. Therefore the two pushers can adequately serve the eleven scrapers.9. Estimate Production:Cycles/hour = 60 min ÷ Total cycle time= 60 min/hr ÷ 6.95 min/cycle= 8.6 cycles/hrEstimated load = Heaped capacity L.F.= 24 LCM 0.80= 19.2 BCMHourly unit = Est. load cycles/hrproduction = 19.2 BCM 8.6 cycles/hr= 165 BCMAdjusted= Efficiency factor hourlyproductionproduction= 0.83 (50 min hour) 165 BCM= 137 BCM/hourHourly fleet = Unit production No. of unitsproduction = 137 BCM/hr 11 units= 1507 BCM/hr10. Estimate Compaction:Compaction = S.F. hourly fleet production requirement = 0.85 1507 BCM/hr = 1280 CCM/hrCompaction capability (given the following):Compacting width, 2.26 m(W)Average compacting speed, 9.6 km/h (S)Compacted lift thickness, 18 cm(L)No. of passes required, 3(P)825G production =W S L 10CCY/hr =(conversion factor)P2.26 9.6 18 10 CCY/hr =3CCY/hr = 1302Given the compaction requirement of 1280 CCM/h, the 825G is an adequate compactor match-up for the rest of the fleet. However, any change to job layout that would increase fleet production would upset this balance. Estimating Production Off-the-Job Systems Economic Haul DistancesMining and EarthmovingSYSTEMSCaterpillar offers a variety of machines for different applications and jobs. Many of these separate machines function together in mining and earthmoving systems. Bulldozing with track-type tractors Load-and-Carry with wheel loaders Scrapers self-loading, elevator, auger, or push-pullconfigurations, or push-loaded by track-type tractors Articulated trucks loaded by excavators, track load-ers or wheel loaders Off-highway trucks loaded by shovels, excavators orwheel loadersHaul System Selection: In selecting a hauling system for a project, there may seem to be more than one "right" choice. Many systems may meet the distance, ground conditions, grade, material type, and produc tion rate requirements. After considering all of the different factors, one hauling system usually provides better performance. This makes it critical for the dealer and customer to work together to get accurate infor mation for their operation or project. Caterpillar is com mitted to providing the correct earthmoving system to match the customer's specific needs. GENERAL LOADED HAUL DISTANCES FOR MOBILE SYSTEMS25Track-Type TractorWheel LoaderWheel Tractor-ScraperArticulated TruckRear Dump Truck10 m 33 ft100 m 328 ft1000 m 3,280 ft10 000 m 32,800 ftLOADEDHAUL DISTANCE25-15Mining and Earthmoving RI Pass Match GuideOff-Highway TrucksLarge Wheel LoaderHydraulic Mining ShovelElectric Rope ShovelMODEL 986 988 990 992 993 994 6015 6020 6030 6040 6060 6090 7295 7395 7495HD 7495 7495HF770 4 33772 5 43-4773 6 5 34-5 37756434-5 3-47776 4-5 3-46-7 4-5 3-47857 6 3-46-7 4-5 437897 4-55-6 534337935-664437947-85 3-444337965-6 3-443379764447986444Large Mining Trucks25-16Production Estimating Loading MatchFuel Consumption and ProductivityMining and EarthmovingPRODUCTION ESTIMATINGLoading Match -- Loading tools have a production range that varies with material, bucket configu ration, target size, operator skill and load area conditions. The loader/truck matches given in the following table are with the typical number of passes and production range.Your Cat® dealer can provide advice and estimates based on your specific conditions.FUEL CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTIVITYFuel efficiency is the term used to relate fuel consumption and machine productivity. It is expressed inunits of material moved per volume of fuel consumed.Common units are cubic meters or tonnes per liter offuel (cubic yards or tons/gal). Determining fuel efficiency requires measuring both fuel consumption andproduction.Measuring fuel consumption involves tapping intothe vehicle's fuel supply system -- without contaminating the fuel. The amount of fuel consumed d uringoperation is then measured on a weight or volumetric basisand correlated with the amount of work the machinehas done. Most Cat machines can record fuel consumedwith relative accuracy, given the engine is performing close to specifications.25Cat Earthmoving and Mining Systems Production/50 Min. Hr.Please refer to the individual machine section for pro duction targets.Cat Aggregate Systems Production/50 Min. Hr.Please refer to the individual machine section for pro duction targets.25-17Mining and EarthmovingFormulas and Rules of ThumbFORMULAS AND RULES OF THUMBProduction, hourly= Load (BCM)/cycle cycles/hr= Load (BCY)/cycle cycles/hrLoad Factor (L.F.) Load (bank measure)100% =100% + % swell= Loose cubic meters (LCM) L.F.= Loose cubic yards (LCY) L.F.Compacted cubic meters (or yards)Shrinkage Factor (S.F.) = Bank cubic meters (or yards)Density= Weight/Unit VolumeWeight of load Load (bank measure) =Bank densityRolling Resistance Factor = 20 kg/t + (6 kg/t/cm cm) = 40 lb/ton + (30 lb/ton/inch inches)Rolling Resistance = RR Factor (kg/t) GMW (tons) = RR Factor (lb/ton) GMW (tons)Rolling Resistance (general estimation)= 2% of GMW + 0.6% of GMW per cm tire penetration= 2% of GMW + 1.5% of GMW per inch tire penetrationvertical change in elevation (rise)% Grade = corresponding horizontal distance (run)Grade Resistance Factor = 10 kg/m ton % grade = 20 lb/ton % gradeGrade Resistance = GR Factor (kg/t) GMW (tons) = GR Factor (lb/ton) GMW (tons)Grade Resistance = 1% of GMW % gradeTotal Resistance = Rolling Resistance (kg or lb) + Grade Resistance (kg or lb)Total Effective Grade (%) = RR (%) + GR (%) Usable pull (traction limitation)= Coeff. of traction weight on drivers = Coeff. of traction (Total weight % on drivers) Pull required = Rolling Resistance + Grade Resistance Pull required = Total Resistance Total Cycle Time = Fixed time + Variable time Fixed time: See respective machine production section. Variable time = Total haul time + Total return timeDistance (m) Travel Time =Speed (m/min)Distance (ft) =Speed (fpm)60 min/hr Cycles per hour =Total cycle time (min/cycle)Adjusted production = Hourly production Efficiency factorHourly production required No. of units required =Unit hourly productionNo. of scrapers a Scraper cycle time pusher will load = Pusher cycle timePusher cycle time (min) = 1.40 Load time (min) + 0.25 min GMW (kg) Total Effective Grade Speed (km/h)Grade Horsepower = 273.75GMW (lb) Total Effective Grade Speed (mph)= 37525-18STOCKPILE COAL HANDLINGCONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-2 Machine Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-2 How to Equip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-3 Production Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-3 Estimating Hourly Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-4Track-Type Tractors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-5 Wheel Dozers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-6 Wheel Loaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-8 Wheel Tractor-Scrapers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-9 Example Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26-102626-1Stockpile Coal HandlingIntroduction Machine SelectionINTRODUCTIONEfficient methods have been developed for handling and storing coal with mobile equipment. Generally, a power plant or other industrial facility which uses coal, meets its daily requirements with incoming coal ship ments and will maintain an emerg ency stockpile or deadpile. The deadpile is designed to meet the burn requirements during any interruption of coal shipm ents. Interruptions may include inclem ent weather, carrier strikes, scheduling problems, etc.The deadpile will contain approximately a 90 day supply of coal and is constructed by thoroughly com pacting lifts, or layers, of coal approximately 15 cm (6 in) thick. Thorough compaction of the entire stockpile, including the sides, eliminates air spaces, reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion.Reclaiming the deadpiled coal is critical when incoming shipments are not able to satisfy the burn requirements. Four basic types of mobile equipment are available for stockpiling and reclaiming coal -- track-type tractors, wheel dozers, wheel loaders, and wheel tractor-scrapers. Each type has its own specific advantages. The equip ment selected must be able to meet the maximum hourly burn rate.MACHINE SELECTIONTrack-Type TractorsTrack-type tractors continue to be the most widely used machines for coal handling operations. Equipped with a U-shaped coal dozer, they are suitable for meeting high production requirements over dozing distances of less than 152 m (500 ft). Their tractive capabilities and gradeability permit them to operate on the sides of the stockpile and surge pile which often prove inaccessible to other types of equipment. They can also remove snow and frost penetrated coal from the stockpile surface so that rubber-tired equipment can work efficiently.Wheel DozersThese machines, with their long wheel base, low center of gravity, and articulated design, offer good stability and maneuverability. They have the ability to travel at a higher speed than the track-type tractor, moving easily from one area of operation to another, and provide greater compactive effort with fewer passes. They are capable of performing some utility functions. However, their coefficient of traction is less than that of track-type tractors. The most efficient dozing distance for the wheel dozers is usually less than 152 m (500 ft).Coal scoop attachments are available for wheel dozers and can provide improved production due to the higher volume of the scoop.Wheel LoadersAs dozing and hauling distances increase, wheel loaders are able to effectively move coal in load-andcarry operations. Since coal is a relatively light material, the loaders should be equipped with larger buckets sized for coal density. Versatility and mobility allow them to perform a variety of tasks, both on and off the stockpile. They can load trucks or railcars, dig out bottom ash and boiler slag from the ash storage areas, and move railcars within the vicinity of the power plant. Generally wheel loaders are more efficient than track or wheel dozers at distances of 122 m (400 ft) or more.Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-ScrapersCoal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers are typically used for building and maintaining coal stockpiles and hauling coal to the supply system at coal power plants. The selfloading capability, large capacity, coal pile comp action, and haul speed of Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers make them the tool of choice for moving coal both short and long distances. Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor-Scrapers are available in the 637K and 657G twin engine models. Please reference Wheel Tractor - Scrapers section of this handbook for more information on Coal Bowl Wheel Tractor - Scrapers.26-2How to Equip Production FactorsStockpile Coal HandlingHOW TO EQUIPCounterweightingWhile larger blades or buckets allow for greater production, counterweighting is often necessary to improve the machine's balance and handling capability. For track-type tractors, a rear counterweight is recom mended. Wheel machines use various methods to add weight. For example, wheel dozers use front counter weights, and wheel machines often use tire ballast. Below is a weight comparison of the Cat® standard U-Blade to the Coal U-Blade, along with the recom mended counterweight for D11, D10T2, D9T, D8T, and 834K.COAL STOCKPILE BLADE WEIGHT COMPARISON/ COUNTERWEIGHTINGU-BladeCoal U-Blade/ScoopCounterweightModel kglbkglbkglbD11 12 880 28,396 11 475 25,298 4989 11,000D10T2 7918 17,456 7100 15,653 2928 ,6456D9T 5634 12,421 4650 10,252 3142 ,6926D8T 2825 ,6228 3200 ,7050 2749 ,6060834K 2994 ,6600 3630 ,8000 75% CaCI2 in all*834K with Scoop 8700 19,180tires --5360 11,816Weights include blade or scoop only. The change in machine weight is determined by adding or subtracting the difference between the two blades. Counterweight or ballast may also need to be considered.Track Shoe WidthTrack shoes are an important consideration since shoe width determines tractive capability and com paction. Depending on the coal being stockpiled, the utility company will often have a strong preference concerning track shoe width. Basically, utilities stock piling low rank or sub-bituminous rank lignite coal usually prefer the standard shoe width for maximum compactive effort to reduce the possibility of spontaneous combustion.Utilities burning medium or high rank bituminous coals are not as concerned with spontaneous combus tion and sometimes prefer a wider shoe that allows increased tractive capability on loose or less densely compacted coal stockpiles.TiresMany utility companies have established a tire pref erence for wheel machines. Normally a radial tire allows for the maximum tire print in the stockpile surface pro viding the best traction.OtherThe 834K's performance may be improved in the varying underfoot conditions of a coal stockpile with the use of a NoSPIN differential. This differential provides added tractive capability on all coal piles, particularly loose coal. Use of a NoSPIN differential should carefully be evaluated. The NoSPIN differential will also increase tire wear and decrease axle compo nent life in applications with good traction.PRODUCTION FACTORS1. The effect of grade -- dozer production will increase 3% for each 1% of favorable grade and decrease 2% for 26 each 1% of adverse grade up to grades of 10%. The graph below exemplifies this point.Effect of Grade on Production % GradeFavorableUnfavorableProduction Correction FactorsAs a rule of thumb, track-type tractors can negotiate grades of about 60% in loose coal. Wheel dozers can negotiate grades up to 25% on fairly well compacted coal.26-3Stockpile Coal HandlingProduction Factors Estimating Hourly Production2. Slot dozing, which consists of dozing repeatedly in the same tracks, will increase production. The deeper the slot, the greater the increase in production. Obviously this will disrupt the surface of the pile; however it does provide maximum production.Slot Condition Slight Consistent Very ConsistentSlot Depth 60 cm ~ 2 ft 60 cm-1.5 m ~ 2-5 ft Over 1.5 m ~ Over 5 ftIncrease in Production10% 25% 30% +3. Relative traction -- machines will provide greater tractive effort as the compaction beneath them increases.ConditionMachineCoefficient of TractionWell Compacted CoalTrack-type*0.75-0.80Wheel*0.40-0.50Loose CoalTrack-type*0.60-0.00Wheel*0.30-0.40*Suspended undercarriage will often achieve a higher coefficient of traction.4. Rolling Resistance of rubber tired equipment will decrease as the compaction of the coal beneath the machines increases. Here are total rolling resistances on various surfaces. Main travel area from loading area to stockpile traveled and maintained. Travel over the compacted deadpile. Travel over thin lifts of uncompacted coal on the deadpile. Travel on loose piles under stacking conveyor or on a windrow.kg/Metric lb/U.S.TonTon296536805412090-136 200-300NOTE:R olling Resistance (RR) is a measure of the force that must be overcome to roll or pull a wheel over the ground. It is affected by ground conditions and load -- the deeper a wheel sinks into the ground, the higher the rolling resistance. Internal friction and tire flexing also contribute to rolling resistance.5. The degree of compaction required -- for medium and high rank bituminous coal, track-type tractors will normally provide ample compaction to prevent fires. For low rank coals, such as sub-bituminous and lignite, rubber tired machines, pneumatic compactors or sealing may be required to prevent fires. The following table illustrates the compaction that is possible if the coal is spread in thin lifts and the machine makes a sufficient number of passes over the entire lift surface.Machine Track-Type Tractors Wheel Dozers Wheel Loaders Wheel Tractor-Scraperskg/m3 960-1160 1040-1200 1040-1250 1100-1280lb/ft3 60-72 65-75 65-78 68-80lb/yd3 1620-1950 1750-2030 1750-2110 1840-2160ESTIMATING HOURLY PRODUCTIONThe following graphs may be used for estimating the hourly production of machines handling mixed bitu minous coal. The graphs are based on 100% machine efficiency under normal job conditions and average operator; they do not take into account adverse grades, downtime, wait time, poor traction, etc. These produc tion estimates should be evaluated in light of individual job conditions and efficiency. Moreover, a job efficiency correction factor should be applied to the production estimate shown when using these graphs.To estimate travel times for a specific machine refer to the performance graphs or charts in the appropriate model section of this book.NOTE:C apacities and production curves on the next pages are based on bituminous coal with a density of 890 kg/m3 or 1500 lb/yd3 or 55 lb/ft3. For sub-bituminous coal with a density of 800 kg/m3 or 1350 lb/yd3 or 50 lb/ft3 multiply tonnage figure by 0.90. For lignite with an average density of 710 kg/m3 or 1200 lb/yd3 or 45 lb/ft3 multiply tonnage figure by 0.80.26-4Estimated Hourly Production Track-Type TractorsStockpile Coal HandlingTrack-Type Tractors Estimated Production with U-Blade (Coal Dozer)Factors: Mixed Bituminous Coal Storage and Reclamation 0% Grade 0.80 Coefficient of TractionMetric English Tons ShortTons(Tons per 60-Minute Hour)PRODUCTION IN TONS/HR26NOTE:T his chart is based on numer ous field studies made under varying job cond itions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.DOZING DISTANCE (ONE WAY)Feet MetersTractor D11 D10T2 D9T D8T D7R2 D6RU-BladeModelmftBD11U-24 7.32 24'BD10U-20 6.10 20'BD9U-19 5.79 19'BD8U-18 5.49 18'BD7U-16 4.88 16'BD6U4.27 14'Blade CapacitiesMetric tons U.S. tons m3 yd366.7073.50 74.90 98.040.8545.00 45.90 60.032.6035.90 37.00 48.019.0021.00 21.40 28.014.2815.75 16.05 21.008.8409.75 09.90 13.0Refer to Track-Type Tractor/Bulldozer section for additional special attachment specifications.26-5Stockpile Coal HandlingEstimated Hourly Production Wheel DozersPRODUCTION IN TONS/HRMetric Tons3600 3200 2800English Short Tons4000 854K35003000 844K2400 2000 1600 1200800 40002500 2000834K1500 1000824K 814F II5000 0Wheel Dozers Estimated Production with U-Blade (Coal Dozer)Factors: Mixed Bituminous Coal Storage and Reclamation 0% Grade 0.80 Coefficient of Traction(Tons per 60-Minute Hour)200400600800NOTE:T his chart is based on numer ous field studies made under varying job cond itions. Refer to correction factors following these charts.10001200 Feet050100150200250300DOZING DISTANCE (ONE WAY)U-BladeBlade CapacitiesTractorModelmftMetric tons U.S. tons m3854K153-2113 7.20 23'8"39.843.65 44.7844K153-2111 5.84 19'2"27.330.20 30.7834K376-3845 6.17 20'3"19.821.80 22.2824K BD824U-15 4.79 15'7"14.215.70 16.2814F II BD814U-14 4.32 14'2"09.410.3011.0NOTE: Blade capacities in tons figured using weight of coal at 890 kg/m3 (1500 lb/yd3).yd3 58.2 40.2 29.0 21.1 14.0350Meters26-6Refer to Track-Type Tractor/Bulldozer section for additional special attachment specifications.Metric TonsEnglish Short TonsEstimated Hourly Production Wheel DozersStockpile Coal HandlingWheel Dozers Estimated Production with Coal ScoopFactors: Mixed Bituminous Coal Storage and Reclamation 0% Grade 0.80 Coefficient of Traction(Tons per 60-Minute Hour)26PRODUCTION IN TONS/HRDOZING DISTANCE (ONE WAY)Feet MetersTractor 834K 814F IICoal ScoopScoop Capacities (Lift and Carry)Doze CapacitiesModelmft Metric tons U.S. tons m3 yd3 Metric tons U.S. tons m3 yd3220-3648 4.9 15'11"19.721.8 22.9 3037.841.244.2 57.8B14-153.7 12'3"08.209.011.5 1516.318.019.1 25Refer to Track-Type Tractor/Bulldozer section for additional special attachment specifications.26-7Stockpile Coal HandlingEstimated Hourly Production Wheel LoadersPRODUCTION IN TONS/HRMetric English Tons ShortTons12001000325-66301000 294-9020800 800433-4740 600600 436-8340400 400B80-11 B66-7200 200Wheel Loaders Estimated Production with Coal BucketFactors: Mixed Bituminous Coal Storage and Reclamation 0% Grade 0.80 Coefficient of Traction(Tons per 60-Minute Hour)992K 992K 988K 986H 980G966G0000200 504006008001000120014001600 Feet100150200250300350400450HAUL DISTANCE (ONE WAY)MetersCoal BucketBucket CapacitiesLoaderModelMetric tonsU.S. tonsm3yd3992K294-902017.018.819.125.0992K325-663020.422.522.930.0988K433-474011.612.813.017.0986H436-83409.210.110.313.5980GB80-117.3 8.18.210.8966GB66-74.9 5.45.5 7.3NOTE: Bucket capacities include bottom cutting edge. Figured using weight of coal at 890 kg/m3 (1500 lb/yd3).26-8Estimated Hourly Production Wheel Tractor-ScrapersStockpile Coal HandlingWheel Tractor-Scrapers Estimated ProductionFactors: Mixed Bituminous Coal Storage and Reclamation 0% Grade 0.50 Coefficient of TractionMetric English Tons ShortTons(Tons per 60-Minute Hour)657K637K26PRODUCTION IN TONS/HRHAUL DISTANCE (ONE WAY)Feet MetersBowl CapacitiesStruckCoal Scraper Metric tonsU.S. tonsm3yd3657K49.9554559637K34.5383141Average fixed time to load, maneuver and dump: 657K -- 1.12 min. 637K -- 1.10 min.Heapedm3yd356733850NOTE: The 657K Coal Scraper is 1072 mm (42.2") longer, the bowl sides are 1010 mm (39.8") taller, the apron is 677 mm (26.7") taller, and the ejector is 944 mm (37.2") taller than its earthmoving counterpart. The 637K Coal Scraper is 736 mm (29.0") longer, the bowl sides are 476 mm (18.7") taller, and the apron is 499 mm (19.6") taller than its earthmoving counterpart. The rimpull, travel times, and retarder performance for the coal scrapers are the same as for the standard machines. See Wheel Tractor-Scrapers section for charts and graphs.26-9Stockpile Coal Handling Example ProblemExample ProblemA coal-fired utility company has a coal requirement of approximately 315 metric tons (350 tons) per hour. Specify the coal handling machine that will satisfy this demand.Conditions: Lignite Coal 710 kg/m3 (1200 lb/yd3) 90 m (300 ft) push distance 5% adverse grade 50 minute hour operation efficiencySolution: Calculate the D9T's production equipped with the BD9U-19 Coal U-Blade by using the D9T produc tion curve. Start at 90 m (300 ft) and read up to the D9T production line, then over to the left to deter mine its maximum hourly production of 612 metric tons (675 tons).Since the graphs are based on a 890 kg/m3 (1500 lb/yd3) coal density, this production figure has to be adjusted to reflect lignite coal:Coal density correction factor = 710/890 (1200/1500) = 0.8.Obtain the production correction factor for the 5% adverse grade from the chart: 0.9.The correction factor for the 50 minute hour is 50/60 = 0.83.Now calculate the adjusted D9T hourly production using the correction factors:Metric 612 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 366 tons/hour English 675 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 403 tons/hourThe D9T falls in the required production range. For short periods of peak power capacity, production could be increased by slot dozing.Production for the D10T2, 824K and 834K can be calculated using the same method.D10T2 Metric 850 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 508 tons/hour English 935 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 559 tons/hour 824K Metric 400 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 239 tons/hour English 440 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 263 tons/hour 834K Metric 689 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 412 tons/hour English 760 0.8 0.9 0.83 = 454 tons/hourTherefore, the D9T or 834K could most economically satisfy the production requirements.26-10TablesTABLESCONTENTSSwell -- Voids -- Load Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-1 Bucket Fill Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-2 Angle of Repose of Various Materials . . . . . . . . . .27-2 Typical Rolling Resistance Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-2 Round Reinforced Concrete PipeApproximate Weight per Foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-3 Coefficient of Traction Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-3 Speed Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-4 Bearing Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-4 Agricultural Commodities Conversion Factors . . . 27-4 Curve Superelevation in Percent Grade,to Provide No Lateral Tire Force . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-5 Maximum Speed on Curves for VariousSuperelevation Grades with a 0.20 Lateral Coefficient of Traction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-5 Weight of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-6 Grade Comparison Chart Degrees -- Percent -- Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-7 Grade in Degrees and Percents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-7 Conversion Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-8 Metric Unit Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-9 English Unit Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-9 Power Unit Equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-9 Machine/Engine Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-10 Engine/Machine Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27-13SWELL -- VOIDS -- LOAD FACTORSSWELL (%) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100VOIDS (%) 4.8 9.1 13.0 16.7 20.0 23.1 25.9 28.6 31.0 33.3 35.5 37.5 39.4 41.2 42.9 44.4 45.9 47.4 48.7 50.0LOAD FACTOR0.9520.9090.8700.8330.8000.7690.7410.7140.6900.6670.6450.6250.6060.5880.5710.556270.5410.5260.5130.500Throughout this document, references to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Interim, EU Stage IIIB, and Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 4 Final/Stage IV/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final, EU Stage V, and Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards. References to Tier 4 Final/Stage V include U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V emission standards.Throughout this document, references to Tier 1/Stage I include U.S. EPA Tier 1 and EU Stage I equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 2, EU Stage II, and Japan 2001 (Tier 2) equivalent emission standards. References to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent include U.S. EPA Tier 3, EU Stage IIIA, and Japan 2006 (Tier 3) equivalent emission standards.27-1TablesBUCKET FILL FACTORSLoose Material Mixed Moist Aggregates Uniform Aggregates up to 3 mm (1/8") 3 mm-9 mm (1/8"-3/8") 12 mm-20 mm (1/2"-3/4") 24 mm (1") and overFill Factor 95-100% 95-100% 90-950% 85-900% 85-900%Blasted Rock Well Blasted Average Blasted Poorly Blasted80-95%0 75-900% 60-750%OtherRock Dirt Mixtures100-120%Moist Loam100-110%Soil, Boulders, Roots80-100%Cemented Materials85-950%NOTE: Loader bucket fill factors are affected by bucket penetration, breakout force, rack back angle, bucket profile and ground engaging tools such as bucket teeth or bolt-on replaceable cutting edges.NOTE: For bucket fill factors for hydraulic excavators, see bucket payloads in the hydraulic excavator section.NOTE: Above values are not valid for Hydraulic Mining Shovels.ANGLE OF REPOSEOF VARIOUS MATERIALSANGLE BETWEEN HORIZONTAL AND SLOPEOF HEAPED PILEMATERIALRatioDegreesCoal, industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4:1--1.3:135-38Common earth, Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8:1--1.0:120-45Common earth, Moist . . . . . . . . . . 2.1:1--1.0:125-45Common earth, Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1:1--1.7:125-30Gravel, Round to angular . . . . . . . 1.7:1--0.9:130-50Gravel, Sand & clay . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8:1--1.4:120-35Sand, Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8:1--1.7:120-30Sand, Moist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8:1--1.0:130-45Sand, Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8:1--1.0:120-45TYPICAL ROLLING RESISTANCE FACTORSNOTE: For Earthmoving and NON-Mining/Quarry ApplicationsVarious tire sizes and inflation pressures will greatly reduce or increase the rolling resistance. The values in this table are approximate, particularly for the track and track + tire machines. These values can be used for estimating purposes when spe cific performance information on particular equipment and given soil conditions is not available. See Mining and Earth moving Section for more detail.ROLLING RESISTANCE, PERCENT*TiresTrack TrackUNDERFOOTINGBias Radial ** +TiresA very hard, smooth roadway, concrete, cold asphalt or dirt sur face, no penetration or flexing . 1.5%* 1.2% A hard, smooth, stabilized surfaced roadway without penetration under load, watered, maintained . . . . 2.0% 1.7% A firm, smooth, rolling roadway with dirt or light surfacing, flexing slightly under load or undulating, maintained fairly regularly, watered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.0% 2.5% A dirt roadway, rutted or flexing under load, little maintenance, no water, 25 mm (1") tire penetration or flexing . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0% 4.0% A dirt roadway, rutted or flexing under load, little maintenance, no water, 50 mm (2") tire penetration or flexing . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0% 5.0% Rutted dirt roadway, soft under travel, no maintenance, no stabilization, 100 mm (4") tire penetration or flexing . . . . . . . . . . . 8.0% 8.0% Loose sand or gravel . . . . . . . . . 10.0% 10.0%Rutted dirt roadway, soft under travel, no maintenance, no stabilization, 200 mm (8") tire penetration and flexing . . . . . . . . . . 14.0% 14.0% Very soft, muddy, rutted roadway, 300 mm (12") tire penetration, no flexing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.0% 20.0%0% 1.0% 0% 1.2%0% 1.8% 0% 2.4% 0% 3.0% 0% 4.8% 2% 7.0% 5% 10.0% 8% 15.0%**Percent of combined machine weight. **Assumes drag load has been subtracted to give Drawbar Pull for goodto moderate conditions. Some resistance added for very soft conditions.27-2TablesROUND REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE APPROXIMATE WEIGHT PER FOOTINSIDE DIAMETERmmft/in30512"38015"46018"5301'9"6102'0"6852'3"7602'6"8402'9"9153'0"10703'6"12204'0"13704'6"15255'0"16755'6"18306'0"19806'6"21357'0"22857'6"24408'0"25908'6"27409'0"WEIGHT PER FT.kglb4293581277616897214120265146322174384205452238524311686393867485106958812956991542821181195221001093240912422740140230901578348017533865NOTE: Table courtesy of American Concrete Pipe Assn.COEFFICIENT OF TRACTION FACTORSMATERIAL Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay loam, dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay loam, wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rutted clay loam . . . . . . . . . . . . Dry sand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wet sand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quarry pit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gravel road (loose not hard) Packed snow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Semi-skeleton shoes Firm earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loose earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coal, stockpiled . . . . . . . . . . . . .TRACTION FACTORSRubber Tires Tracks0.900.450.550.900.450.700.400.700.200.300.400.500.650.550.360.500.200.270.120.120.55 0.45 0.450.90 0.60 0.60NOTE: The elevated sprocket design Track-Type Tractors (D11, D10T2, D9T, D9R, D8T, and D8R), with their suspended undercarriage, provide up to 15% more efficient tractive effort than rigid tracked Track-TypeTractors.2727-3TablesSPEED CONVERSIONkm/h Equivalents in m/min km/h m/min km/h m/min1 16.7 21 350.0 2 33.3 22 366.7 3 50.0 23 383.3 4 66.7 24 400.0 5 83.3 25 416.7 6 100.0 26 433.3 7 116.7 27 450.0 8 133.3 28 466.7 9 150.0 29 483.3 10 166.7 30 500.0 11 183.3 31 516.7 12 200.0 32 533.3 13 216.7 33 550.0 14 233.3 34 566.7 15 250.0 35 583.3 16 266.7 36 600.0 17 283.3 37 616.7 18 300.0 38 633.3 19 316.7 39 650.0 20 333.3 40 666.7MPH Equivalents in FPM mph fpm mph fpm1 88 21 1848 2 176 22 1936 3 264 23 2024 4 352 24 2112 5 440 25 2200 6 528 26 2288 7 616 27 2376 8 704 28 2464 9 792 29 2552 10 880 30 2640 11 968 31 2728 12 1056 32 2816 13 1144 33 2904 14 1232 34 2992 15 1320 35 3080 16 1408 36 3168 17 1496 37 3256 18 1584 38 3344 19 1672 39 3432 20 1760 40 3520NOTE: Since 1 km/h equalsNOTE: Since 1 mph equals 88 fpm16.7 m/min (1000 ÷ 60), to(5280 ÷ 60), to interpolateinterpolate add 1.67 m/minadd 8.8 fpm for everyfor each 0.1 km/h.0.1 mph.1 mph = 26.9 m/min.BEARING POWERSMATERIAL Rock (semi- shattered) . . . . Rock (solid) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay, dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clay, medium dry . . . . . . . . Clay, soft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gravel, cemented . . . . . . . . Sand, compact dry . . . . . . . Sand, clean dry . . . . . . . . . Quicksand & alluvial soil . . BEARING POWERlb/ Metric U.S.Barin2t/m2 tons/ft24.8 70 50 5.024.1 350 240 24.03.8 55 40 4.01.9 27 20 2.01.0 14 10 1.07.6 110 80 8.03.8 55 40 4.01.9 27 20 2.00.5 7 5 0.5AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES CONVERSION FACTORS1 Bushel of Corn* 1 Bushel of Soybean* 1 Bushel of Oats* 1 Bushel of Wheat* 1 Bale of CottonlbkgMetric Ton56 25.400.0254060 27.220.0272132 14.510.0145160 27.220.02721478 216.810.216811 metric ton of Corn39.37 Bushels*1 metric ton of Soybean36.75 Bushels*1 metric ton of Oats68.92 Bushels*1 metric ton of Wheat36.75 Bushels*1 metric ton of Cotton4.61 Bales*Bushel is a volume measurement, 1 Bushel = 35.24 liters = 9.31 U.S. Gal lons. In the agricultural mercantile exchange, the Bushel is widely used for grains as weight. For the above weights, the market assumes a standard density for each type of grain.27-4TablesCURVE SUPERELEVATION IN PERCENT GRADE, TO PROVIDE NO LATERAL TIRE FORCENegotiating curves can generate high lateral tire forces. These forces contribute to high tire wear and ply separation. Superelevating the curve helps eliminate these forces. The amount of superelevation depends on the curve's radius and the speed at which it is negotiated.The following table is a guide for providing the superelevation necessary to eliminate lateral forces.Superelevated turns present a danger when slippery. For this reason, curves superelevated over 10% should be used with caution. Unless the proper speed is maintained, matching the elevation of the curve, a vehicle may slide off of the lower edge of the roadway. Superelevated curves should be maintained in good tractive conditions.TURN RADIUSmftSpeed 16 km/h 10 mphSpeed 24 km/h 15 mphSpeed 32 km/h 20 mphSpeed 40 km/h 25 mphSpeed 48 km/h 30 mphSpeed 56 km/h 35 mphSpeed 64 km/h 40 mphSpeed 72 km/h 45 mph15.2 5013%30%------------30.5 1007%15%27%----------45.7 1504%10%18%28%--------61.0 2003%8%13%21%30%------91.5 152.4300 5002% 1%5% 3%9% 5%14% 8%20% 12%27% 16%-- 21%--2727%213.4 7001%2%4%6%9%12%15%19%304.9 10001%2%3%4%6%8%11%14%MAXIMUM SPEED ON CURVES FOR VARIOUS SUPERELEVATION GRADES WITH A 0.20 LATERAL COEFFICIENT OF TRACTIONAnother approach to superelevated curves is to determine the safe speed for negotiating a turn at a certain lateral tire force. In general, a 20% lateral coefficient of traction is conservative for all but ice and slippery conditions, making table values safe to use for most applications. The following table shows maximum speed with various superelevations to maintain a 0.20 lateral coefficient of traction.A transition section may be necessary at higher speeds when entering or departing from a superelevated turn.TURNRADIUSmft7.6 2515.2 5030.5 10045.7 15061.0 20091.5 300152.5 500213.5 700Flat Curve km/h mph14920122817342139244830623974465% Superelevation km/h mph161022143119382444 2754347043----10% Superelevation km/h mph1711241534214226483059377647----27-5TablesWEIGHT* OF MATERIALSLOOSEkg/m3lb/yd3BANKkg/m3lb/yd3LOAD FACTORSBasalt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19603300297050000.67Bauxite, Kaolin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14202400190032000.75Caliche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12502100226038000.55Carnotite, uranium ore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16302750220037000.74Cinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56095086014500.66Clay -- Natural bed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16602800202034000.82Clay -- Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14802500184031000.81Clay -- Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16602800208035000.80Clay & gravel -- Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14202400166028000.85Clay & gravel -- Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15402600184031000.85Coal -- Anthracite, Raw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11902000160027000.74Coal -- Anthracite, Washed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110018500.74Coal -- Ash, Bituminous Coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530-650900-1100590-8901000-15000.93Coal -- Bituminous, Raw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9501600128021500.74Coal -- Bituminous, Washed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83014000.74Decomposed rock --75% Rock, 25% Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19603300279047000.7050% Rock, 50% Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17202900228038500.7525% Rock, 75% Earth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15702650196033000.80Earth -- Dry packed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15102550190032000.80Earth -- Wet excavated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16002700202034000.79Earth -- Loam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12502100154026000.81Granite -- Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16602800273046000.61Gravel -- Pitrun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19303250217036500.89Gravel -- Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15102550169028500.89Gravel -- Dry 6-50 mm (1/4"-2") . . . . . . . . . . . . 16902850190032000.89Gravel -- Wet 6-50 mm (1/4"-2") . . . . . . . . . . . . 20203400226038000.89Gypsum -- Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18103050317053500.57Gypsum -- Crushed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16002700279047000.57Hematite, iron ore, high grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1810-24504000-54002130-29004700-64000.85Limestone -- Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15402600261044000.59Limestone -- Crushed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15402600------Magnetite, iron ore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27904700326055000.85Pyrite, iron ore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25804350303051000.85Sand -- Dry, loose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14202400160027000.89Sand -- Damp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16902850190032000.89Sand -- Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18403100208035000.89Sand & clay -- Loose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16002700202034000.79Sand & clay -- Compacted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24004050Sand & gravel -- Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17202900193032500.89Sand & gravel -- Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20203400223037500.91Sandstone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15102550252042500.60Shale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12502100166028000.75Slag -- Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17502950294049500.60Snow -- Dry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 220Snow -- Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 860Stone -- Crushed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16002700267045000.60Taconite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1630-19003600-42002360-27005200-61000.58Top Soil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9501600137023000.70Taprock -- Broken . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17502950261044000.67Wood Chips** . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ----------**Varies with moisture content, grain size, degree of compaction, etc. Tests must be made to determine exact material characteristics. **Weights of commercially important wood species can be found in the last pages of the Logging & Forest Products section. To obtain wood weights use thefollowing equations: lb/yd3 = (lb/ft3) .4 27 kg/m3 = (kg/m3) .427-6GRADE COMPARISON CHART DEGREES -- PERCENT -- SLOPEPERCENTDEGREESSLOPETablesGRADE IN DEGREES AND PERCENTSDEGREESPERCENT11.823.535.247.058.8610.5712.3814.0915.81017.61119.41221.31323.11424.91526.81628.71730.61832.51934.4272036.42138.42240.42342.42444.52546.62648.82751.02853.22955.43057.73160.03262.53364.93467.43570.03672.73775.43878.13981.04083.94186.94290.04393.34496.645100.027-7TablesCONVERSION FACTORSMultiply Metric UnitTo ObtainByEnglish UnitMultiply English UnitTo ObtainByMetric Unitkilometer (km)0.6214 milemile, statute (m)1.609kilometermeter (m)1.0936 yardyard (yd)0.9144 metermeter (m)3.28footfoot (ft)0.3048 metercentimeter (cm)0.0328 footinch (in)25.4millimetermillimeter (mm)0.03937 inchsq mile (mile2)2.590sq kilometersq kilometer (km2)0.3861 square mileacre0.4047 hectarehectare (ha)2.471acresq foot (ft2)0.0929 sq metersq meter (m2)10.764 square footsq inch (in2)0.000645 sq metersq meter (m2)1550square inchcu yard (yd3)0.7645 cu metersq centimeter (cm2)0.1550 square inchcu inch (in3)16.387 cu centimetercu centimeter (cm3)0.061cubic inchcu foot (ft3)0.0283 cu metercu meter (m3)1.308cubic yardcu inch (in3)0.0164 literliter (L)61.02cubic inchcubic yard (yd3)764.55 literliter (L)0.001308 cubic yardmph1.61km/hkm/h0.621mphTon -- mph1.459tkm/hliter (L)0.2642 U.S. gallonU.S. gallon (US Gal)3.785literliter (L)0.22Imperial gallonU.S. gallon0.833Imperial gallonmetric ton (t)0.984long tonlong ton (lg ton)1.016metric tonmetric ton (t)1.102short tonshort ton (sh ton)0.907metric tonkilogram (kg)2.205pound, avdp.pound (lb)0.4536 kilogramgram (g or gr).0353ounce, avdp.ounce (oz)28.35gramkilonewton (kN)225pound (force)pound (lb) (force)0.00445 kilonewtonnewton (N)0.225pound (force)pound (lb) (force)4.45newtoncu centimeter (cm3)0.0338 fluid ouncefluid oz (fl oz)29.57cu centimeterkilograms/cu meter1.686pounds/cu ydlb/cu ft (lb/ft3)16.018 kg/cu meterkilograms/cu meter0.062pounds/cu ftlb/cu yd (lb/yd3)0.5933 kg/cu meterkilograms/sq cm (kg/cm2)14.225 pounds/sq inpounds/sq. in.0.0703 kilogram/sq cmkilocalorie (kcal)3.968Btupsi0.0689 barkilogram-meter (kg·m)7.233foot-poundpsi6.89kilopascalmeter-kilogram (m·kg)7.233pound-footBtu0.2520 kilogram-caloriemetric horsepower (CV)0.9863 hpfoot-pound (ft-lb)0.1383 kilogram-meterkilowatt (kW)1.341hphorsepower (hp)1.014metric horsepowerkilopascal (kPa)0.145psihorsepower (hp)0.7457 kilowattbar14.5psipounds/cu yd0.0005928 tons/m3tons/m31692pounds/cu ydpounds (No. 2 diesel fuel)0.1413U.S. gallondecaliter0.283bushelbushel3.524decaliterNOTE: Some of the above factors have been rounded for convenience. For exact conversion factors please consult International System of Units (SI) table.Temperature conversionDegree CDegree F27-8°C = (°F 32) ÷ 1.8°F = (C 1.8) + 32METRIC UNIT EQUIVALENTS1 km=1 m=1 cm=1 km2=1 ha=1 m2=1 cm2=1 m3=1 liter=1 metric ton =1 quintal=1 N=1 kg=1 g=1 bar=1 cal===torque unit1 CV=1 kg/cm2=1000 m 100 cm 10 mm 100 ha 10,000 m2 10,000 cm2 100 mm2 1000 liters 1000 cm3 1000 kg 100 kg 0.10197 kg·m/s2 1000 g 1000 mg 14.504 psi 427 kg·m 0.0016 cv·h 0.00116 kw·h75 kg·m/s 0.97 atmosph.POWER UNIT EQUIVALENTSkW=Kilowatthp=Mechanical HorsepowerCV=Cheval Vapeur (SteamHorsepower)French Designation For Metric HorsepowerPS= Pferdestärke (Horsepower)German Designation For Metric Horsepower1 hp=1.014 CV = 1.014 PS=0.7457 kW1 PS 1 kW=1 CV = 0.986 hp=0.7355 kW=1.341 hp=1.36 CV=1.36 PSTablesENGLISH UNIT EQUIVALENTS1 mile=1 yd=1 ft=1 sq mile=1 acre=1 sq ft=1 cu ft=1 gal==1 quart=1 fl oz=1 sh ton=1 lg ton=1 lb=1 Btu===1 mechanical hp =1 atmosph.=1760 yd 3 ft 12 in640 acres 43,560 sq ft144 sq in 7.48 gal liq 231 cu in 4 quarts liq32 fl oz 1.80 cu in 2000 lb2240 lb 16 oz, avdp778 ft lb 0.000393 hph 0.000293 kwh 550 ft-lb/sec14.7 lb/in22727-9TablesMachine ModelTrack-Type Tractors D3K XL/LGP D4K XL/LGP D5K XL/LGP D5R D5R2 XL/LGP D5T XL D6K2 XL/LGP2 D6K2 XL/LGP D6N XL/LGP D6R2 D6T D6T1 D7E D7R D8R/D8R LGP D8T/D8T LGP D9R D9T D10T2 D11/D11 CDMotor Graders 120K 120K2 120M 120M AWD 120M2 120M2 AWD 12K 12M 12M2 12M2 AWD 12M3 12M3 AWD 140K 140K2 140M 140M AWD 140M2 140M2 AWD 140M3 140M3 AWD 160K 160M 160M AWD 160M2 160M2 AWD 160M3 160M3 AWD 14M3 16M3 18M3 24MMACHINE/ENGINE CROSS REFERENCENOTE: This list stopped being updated since PHB49.Engine ModelC4.4 ACERTTM C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9 ACERT 3406C TA C15 ACERT 3408C TA C18 ACERT C27 ACERT C32 ACERTC7 ACERT C7 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERT C9 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C7 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C13 ACERT C13 ACERT C13 ACERT C18 ACERTMachine ModelExcavators 311F L 312D2/312D2 L 312D2 GC 312E 313D2 313D2/313D2 L 313D2 GC 313F L 313F L GC 314E/314E L 315F L 316E L 316F L 318D2 L 318D2 L 318F L M313D M315D M315D2 M316D M317D2 M318D M318F M320D2 M320F M322D 320D 320D2 GC 323D2 320E 320E RR 320F 323F 323F N 325F 326D2 326F 330D2 330F 335F 336F/336F XE 336D2/340D2 336D2 XE 349D2/349D2 L349F L/352F 349F L XE/352F XE 374F L 390F L 5110B 5130B 5230BEngine ModelC3.4B 3054C 3054C C4.4 ACERT 3054C C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT 3054C C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERTC7.1 C7.1 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C9.3 ACERTC9 ACERT C9 ACERT C13 ACERT C13 ACERT C13 ACERT C15 ACERT C18 ACERT 3412B HEUITM 3508B (EUI) TA 3516B (EUI) TAMachine ModelPipelayers PL61 PL72 PL83 PL87Wheel Tractor-Scrapers 621K, 623K, 627K Tractor 627K Scraper 631K 637K Tractor 637K Scraper 657G Tractor 657G ScraperForest Machines 320D Series 2 FM2 320D Series 2 FM LL2 5381 538 LL1 324D FM2 324D FM LL2 325D FM2 325D FM LL2 558 LL1 5683 568 LL3Track Harvesters 501HD2 521B2 522B2 541 Series 22 552 Series 22Wheel Harvester 550Wheel Skidders 525D 535D 545D 555DTrack Skidders 517 5271 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards. 2 Emits equivalent toTier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3). 3 Emits equivalent to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim).Engine ModelC6.6 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C15 ACERT C15 ACERTC13 ACERT C9 ACERTC18 ACERT C18 ACERTC9 ACERT C18 ACERT C15 ACERTC7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERTC7 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C9.3 ACERT C9.3 ACERTC6.6 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERTC7 ACERTC7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT3304 TA 3304 TA27-10TablesMACHINE/ENGINE CROSS REFERENCE (Continued)Machine ModelForwarders 564 574 584 584HDEngine ModelC6.6 ACERT C6.6 ACERTC7 ACERT C7 ACERTTrack Feller Bunchers 521B2 522B2 541 Series 22 552 Series 22C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERTKnuckleboom Loaders 5192 5292 559C 5692 579CC6.6 C6.6 C6.6 ACERT C6.6 C6.6 ACERTWheel Feller Bunchers 553 563 573C6.6 ACERT C7 ACERT C7 ACERTMining & Off-Highway Trucks770G1C15 ACERT770GC15 ACERT772G1C18 ACERT772GC18 ACERT773G1C27 ACERT773GC27 ACERT775G1C27 ACERT775GC27 ACERT777D3508B (EUI) TA777G1C32 ACERT777GC32 ACERT785C3512B (EUI) TA785D3512C HD (EUI)ATAAC789C3516B (EUI) TA793D3516B (EUI) TA793FC175-16 (EUI)ATAAC797FC175-20 (EUI)ATAACMachine ModelArticulated Trucks 725 730 730 Ejector 735 740 740 EjectorWheel Dozers 814F3 814F II2 824H2 824K1 834K 844K 854KSoil Compactors 815F II2 815K1 825H2 825K1Landfill Compactors 816F 816F II 826G Series II 826H 836G 836HEngine Machine Model ModelEngine ModelWheel Loaders/Integrated ToolcarriersC11 ATAAC 950 GCC7.1 ACERTC11 ATAAC 950HC7 ACERTC11 ATAAC 950KC7.1 ACERTC15 ATAAC 950LC7.1 ACERTC15 ATAAC 950MC7.1 ACERTC15 ATAAC 962HC7 ACERT962KC7.1 ACERT962LC7.1 ACERT3176C ATAAC 962MC7.1 ACERTC9 ACERT 966HC11 ACERTC15 ACERT 966KC9.3 ACERTC15 ACERT 966LC9.3 ACERTC18 ACERT 966MC9.3 ACERTC27 ACERT 966M XEC9.3 ACERTC32 ACERT 972HC13 ACERT972KC9.3 ACERT972LC9.3 ACERTC9 ACERT 972MC9.3 ACERTC7.1 ACERT 972M XEC9.3 ACERTC15 ACERT 980HC15 ACERTC15 ACERT 980KC13 ACERT980L 980MC13 ACERT C13 ACERT 273176TA 982MC13 ACERTC9 ACERT 986HC15 ACERT3406ETA 988KC18 ACERTC15 ACERT 990KC27 ACERT3456TA 992KC32 ACERTC18 ACERT 993KC32 ACERT994K3516E HD MUITrack Loaders 953D 953K 963D 963K 973CC6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C6.6 ACERT C7.1 ACERTC9 ATAAC1 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards. 2 Emits equivalent to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3). 3 Emits equivalent to Tier 2/Stage II/Japan 2001 (Tier 2). NOTE: All machines are not available in all regions. Contact your local Cat dealer for product availability.27-11TablesMACHINE/ENGINE CROSS REFERENCE (Continued)Machine ModelWheel Material Handlers M318D MH M322D MH M325D MH M325D LMH MH30372 MH30371 MH3049 MH3059Track Material Handlers 385C MHPaving Products Cold Planers PM102 PM620 PM622Reclaimer/Soil Stabilizers RM300 RM500BAsphalt Pavers AP255E AP300F AP355F AP500F AP555F AP600FAP655FAP1000F AP1055FEngine ModelC6.6 ACERT C6.6 ACERTC7 ACERT C7 ACERT C7.2 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C9 ACERT C9 ACERTC18 ACERTC7 ACERT C18 ACERT C18 ACERTC11 ACERT C15 ACERTC2.2 C3.3B C3.3B C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERT C7.1 ACERTMachine ModelEngine ModelPaving Products (continued)Single Drum Vibratory Soil CompactorsCS34C3.4BCP34C3.4BCS423E3054CCS44C4.4 ACERTCP44C4.4 ACERTCS44BC3.4BCP44BC3.3BCS533E3054CCS533E XT3054CCP533E3054CCS54BC4.4B ACERTCP54BC4.4B ACERTCS56BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCP56BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCS64BC4.4BCS66BC4.4BCS68BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCP68BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCS74BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCP74BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCS76BC4.4B ACERTCS78BC4.4B ACERTC6.6 ACERTCS79BC6.6 ACERTMachine ModelPaving Products (continued) Double Drum and Combi CB14B CB22B CB24B XT CC24B CB32B CB34B CC34B CB36B CB44BCD44BCB46B CB54B CD54B CB64B CB66B CB68BEngine ModelKDW1003 KDW1003C1.5 C1.5 C1.5 C2.2 C2.2 C2.2 C3.4B C4.4 ACERT C3.4 C4.4 ACERT C3.4B C4.4 ACERT C3.4 C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERT C4.4 ACERTPneumatic Tire Compactors CW14 CW16PS150C CW34C3.4B C3.4B C4.4 ACERT 3054C C4.4 ACERT1 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards. 2 Emits equivalent to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3).27-12TablesENGINE/MACHINE CROSS REFERENCEEngine Model and (Cylinders)MachineAspirationFuel Injection SystemBore StrokemminDisplacementLin33013C (3) CB-214E, CB-224E, CB-225ENADI75 72 2.95 3.54 1.50 91.3C1.3303ENADI78 883.1 3.5 1.377C1.7303.5E2 CRNADI87 92.43.4 3.6 1.7104C1.8303.5E, 901C2 (Japan)NADI87 102.4 3.4 4.0 1.8 111.4C2.2CB-334E, CB-335E, 216B3NADI84 100 3.31 3.94 2.22 135226B3, 226DTC2.4304E2 CR, 304.5E2 XTC, 305E2 CR,NA305.5E2 CR, 902C2 (Japan), 903C2DI87 102.4 3.4 4.0 2.4146307E2, 306E2TC2.6307E, 307E2 (China)TDI87 1103.4 4.3 2.6 159.6C3.3B308E2 CR, 308E2 VAB, 906K/M,T907K/M, 908K/M, 236D, 242D, 246D,257D, 259D, 262D, 277D, 279D,287D, 289DDI94 1203.7 4.7 3.3 203.3C3.8272D2, 272D2 XHP, 297D2, 297D2 XHP, 299D2, 299D2 XHPTDI100 1203.9 4.7 3.8230Yanmar 3TNV70 300.9DNAIDI70 742.8 2.9 0.854 52.1Yanmar 3TNV76 301.4C, 301.7D, 301.7D CR, 302.2D,NA302.4D, 302.7DIDI76 823.0 3.2 1.12 68.1273046D3G XL, D3G LGP, D4G XL,NA(I-6)CS-533E, D4G LGP, D5G XL, D5GTLGP, CP-533E, 315C/315C L*, 939CDI94 1203.7 4.7 5.0305DI3054C (I-4)416E, 416F, 420F, 430F, 450F, 422F, 428F, 432F, 434F, 444FNA/T***DI105 127 4.13 5.0 4.42683054C312D2/312D2 L, 313D2TDI105 127 4.13 5.0 4.4268318D2 LTA3054E (I-4)CB-434D, CS-323C, CS-423E, CP-323C, PS-150CNADI105 127 4.13 5.0 4.4268AP-800C, BG-230, BG-650, 908, PS-360B, PF-300B, PS-300B, CS-433E, CP-433E, CB-534CT (optional)M313C, M315C, AP-650B, 315C L**,TABG-225C3056 (I-6)CS-563E, CS-573E, CS-583E, CS-663E, AP-655C, CS-683E, CP-563E, CP-573E, CP-583E, CP-663E, M316C, M318C, M322CATAACDI100 127 3.94 5.0 6.03653066320C, 320C L, 320C LN, 320C S,TDI102 130 4.0 5.1 6.4391(I-6)321C LCR***Japan sourced. ***France sourced. ***Turbo optional on some models. DI -- Direct Injection IDI -- Indirect Injection T -- TurbochargedTA -- Turbocharged and Aftercooled NA -- Naturally Aspirated ATAAC -- Air/Air AftercooledNOTE: Materials and specifications subject to change without notice. Component commonality of Cat engines for all applications does not imply complete interchangeability. Contact your Cat dealer for specific information.27-13TablesENGINE/MACHINE CROSS REFERENCE (Continued)Engine Model and (Cylinders)MachineAspirationFuel Injection SystemBore StrokemminDisplacementLin33116CB-634D, BG-240C, AP-900BTDI105 127 4.13 5.0 6.6402(I-6)BG-260C, BG-245C, AP-1050B,TADIAP-1055B, 120H STD, 135H STD,BG-2455C, AP-1000B3126 (I-6)D5*, D6N*, 561N, 953C, 963C 525B, 535BTDI110 127 4.33 5.0 7.2442TA325C LNATAAC3304 (I-4)527, 517TADI121 152 4.75 6.0 7.0425C3.4B311F L, 313F L GCTDI99 110 3.90 4.33 3.4207C4.4 ACERT D3K, D4K, D5K, D6K2, 416F, 420F,T430F, 450F, 428F, 432F, 434F, 444F,910K/M, 914K/M, 918MDI105 127 4.13 5.0 4.4268318D2 L, 320D2 GCTA312E, 313D2/313D2 L, 313D2 GC, 313F L, 314E/314E L, 315F L, 316E L, 316F L, 318F L, 320F, 323F N, 325FATAACC6.6R1300G IIATAACDI105 127 4.13 5.0 6.6402C6.6 ACERT D6N, 953D, 963D, 120M, PL61,TAM318D MH, M322D MH, 120M,120M AWD, 501HD, 320E, 320E RRDI105 127 4.13 5.0 6.6402C7 ACERT (I-6)950H, 962H, IT62H, M325D MH, M325D LMH, 120K, 120K2, 12K, 12M, 140K, 140K2, 140M, 160K, 324D FM2, 324D FM LL2, 325D FM2, 325D FM LL2ATAACDI110 127 4.33 5.0 7.2442C7.1 ACERT320D Series 2 FM2, 320D Series 2 FM LL2, 5381, 538 LL1, 558 LL1, 924K, 926M1, 930K, 930M1, 938K, 938M1, 950 GC, 950K, 950L, 950M, 962K, 962L, 962M, MH30371, 120M2, 120M2 AWD, D5R2, D5T, 953K, 963K, 320D2, 323D2, 326D2, 330D2, 326F, 330F, 335FATAACDI105 135 4.1 5.3 7.01 427.8C7.2 ACERT MH30372ATAACDI110 127 4.33 5.0 7.2442C9 ACERT (I-6)336D2, 336D2 XE, 340D2, 814F II, 815F II, D6T, MH3049, MH3059, 521B, 522B, 541 Series 2, 552 Series 2ATAACDI112 1494.4 5.9 8.8537C9 ACERT (I-6)627G Sc., 637G Sc., 973C, 140M AWD, 160M, 160M AWD, D6R2, D7RTADI112 1494.4 5.9 8.85371 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards.2 Emits equivalent to Tier 3/Stage IIIA/Japan 2006 (Tier 3).*Not sold in U.S., Canada or Europe.DI -- Direct InjectionTA -- Turbocharged and AftercooledT -- TurbochargedATAAC -- Air/Air AftercooledNOTE: Materials and specifications subject to change without notice. Component commonality of Cat engines for all applications does not imply complete interchangeability. Contact your Cat dealer for specific information.27-14TablesENGINE/MACHINE CROSS REFERENCE (Continued)Engine Model and (Cylinders)MachineAspirationFuel Injection SystemBore StrokemminDisplacementLin33176 (I-6)572R2, 345B L Series II, D7R, 814F, 815F, 816FATAACDI125 140 4.92 5.5 10.2 629C9.3 ACERTD6T1, D7E, 5682, 568 LL2, 966K, 966L, 966M, 966M XE, 972K, 972L, 972M, 972M XE, 336F, 336F XE, 12M2, 12M2 AWD, 12M3, 12M3 AWD, 140M2, 140M2 AWD, 140M3, 140M3 AWD, 160M2, 160M2 AWD, 160M3, 160M3 AWD, PL72ATAACDI115 149 4.53 5.87 9.3 567.53306 (I-6)R1300G, 12H STD, 140H STD, 160H STDTDI121 152 4.75 6.0 10.5 638D7GTADI545ATAACDI3196 (I-6)365B L Series IIATAACDI130 150 5.1 5.9 12.0 7323406 (I-6)RM-250C, RM-350B, D8R, D 8R LGP826G Series II, 825G Series II, 824G Series II, AD30TA ATAACDI137 165 5.4 6.5 14.6 893DIC11725, 730, 730 Ejector(I-6)ATAACDI130 1405.1 5.5 11.268027C11 ACERT (I-6)R1600H, AD22, 966HTA ATAACDI130 140 5.12 5.51 11.1 680C13 ACERT R1700, 14M3, 16M3, 18M3, 349D2,TA(I-6)349F, 352F, 349F XE, 352F XE,621K, 623K, 627K Tr, 972H,980K, 980L, 980M, 982MDI130 157 5.12 6.18 12.5 763C15 ACERT D8T, D8T LGP, PL83, PL87,TA(I-6)657G Sc., 770G1, 770G, 986H, 374FDI137 172 5.4 6.75 15.2 928R2900G, R3000H, AD30, 735, 740, 740 Ejector, 824K, 825K, 826H, 980HATAACDI137 171.5 5.4 6.75 15.2 9283456 (I-6)834G, 836G, 988G, 385B, 385B L, 5090BATAACDI140 171 5.5 6.75 15.8 9663408 (V-8)D9R, 589, PM-565BTA ATAACDI137 152 5.4 6.0 18.0 1099C18 ACERT AD45B, AD55, D9T, 631G, 637G Tr.,TA657G Tr., 988H, 988K, 772G1, 772G,834H, 834K, 836H, 385C MH, 24M,390FDI145 1835.7 7.2 18.1 11061 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards.2 Emits equivalent to Tier 4 Interim/Stage IIIB/Japan 2011 (Tier 4 Interim).DI -- Direct InjectionTA -- Turbocharged and AftercooledT -- TurbochargedATAAC -- Air/Air AftercooledNOTE: Materials and specifications subject to change without notice. Component commonality of Cat engines for all applications does not imply complete interchangeability. Contact your Cat dealer for specific information.27-15TablesENGINE/MACHINE CROSS REFERENCE (Continued)Engine Model and (Cylinders)MachineAspirationFuel Injection SystemBore StrokemminDisplacementLin3C27 ACERT AD60, D10T2, 773G1, 773G, 775G1,TA(V-12)775G, 990H, 990K, 844H, 844K,6015B, 6030, 6030 FSDI137 152 5.4 6.0 27.0 16483412 (V-12)D10R, 5110B 844, 773ETA ATAACDI137 152 5.4 6.0 27.0 1649DI3508 (V-8)D11R, 5130B, 992G, 854G, 777DTADI170 1906.7 7.5 34.5 21053512 (V-12)785C, 6060, 6060 FSTADI170 1906.7 7.5 51.8 31583512 HD (V-12)785DATAACDI170 215 6.7 8.5 58.6 35743516 (V-16)789C, 994D, 5230BTADI170 1906.7 7.5 51.8 31583516 HD (V-16)789D, 994K 793D, 994F, 994HATAAC TADI170 215 6.7 8.5 78.1 4765DI170 215 6.7 8.5 78.1 4765C32 ACERT 777G1, 777G, 854K, 992K, 993K,TAD11, D11 CD, 6020B, 6040, 6040 FSDI145 1625.7 6.4 32.1 1959C175-16 (V-16)793F, 794 AC, 795FATAACDI175 220 6.9 8.7 84.7 5167C175-16 (V-20)797FATAACDI175 220 6.9 8.7 105.8 64581 Meets Tier 4 Final/Stage V/Japan 2014 (Tier 4 Final) emission standards.DI -- Direct InjectionATAAC -- Air/Air AftercooledTA -- Turbocharged and AftercooledNOTE: Materials and specifications subject to change without notice. Component commonality of Cat engines for all applications does not imply complete interchangeability. Contact your Cat dealer for specific information.27-16TECHNOLOGY PRODUCTSCONTENTSIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28-1 Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28-3 Construction Technology:Cat® Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28-12 Mining Technology:Cat MineStarTM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28-18INTRODUCTIONCaterpillar has long been a leader in bringing innova tion to Cat products. Today, one of our biggest differen tiators isn't just in our equipment -- it's in the technologies we are integrating into our products that are improving machine performance and productivity, and transform ing the way customers work to manage their operations and business more efficiently and cost effectively.2828-1Technology Products IntroductionConstruction Technology products deliver dramatic improvements on the job site to help customers manage their business more efficiently and cost effectively. Fully integrated into Cat machines and core systems, these technologies use advanced electronics to accurately measure and control productivity, monitor and man age machine health and maintenance, and provide more insight into your equipment fleet and operation.Energy & Transportation Technology products sim plify equipment management to help customers moni tor and manage assets, operate at peak performance, and lower operating costs.Cat Technologies combine the latest in technologies and dealer services to help customers improve in four key areas: Equipment Management, Productivity, Safety, and Sustainability to take optimum control of the job site. Whether running one machine, managing a fleet, or overseeing several job sites, Cat dealers can help customers with the right combination of tech nologies and services to meet the specific needs of their business and realize significant gains in productivity, efficiency and profitability. Cat Construction Technologies Cat Grade Cat Payload Cat Compact Cat Detect Cat Link Cat Command Cat Technologies Equipment Management Productivity Safety SustainabilityMining Technology & Autonomy products continue to have a positive impact on mining operations around the world. Caterpillar offers a complete suite of tech nology products purpose built for the harsh mining environment. Our products combine the latest GNSS positioning technology with sophisticated electronic controls and software to help miners increase produc tivity, monitor fleet health and lower operating costs.Cat MineStar provides the most comprehensive suite of mining technology products in the industry. It con sists of a number of configurable capability sets that allow you to scale the system to your mine site needs. Cat MineStar helps manage everything from material tracking to sophisticated real-time fleet management, machine health systems, autonomous equipment sys tems and more. The capability sets -- Fleet, Edge, Terrain, Detect, Health and Command -- can be used in combination or individually to allow your opera tions the flexibility and scalability it needs to be more productive, efficient and safe.MineStar Edge is a new platform that augments our current MineStar offerings and ensures we will be able to advance them for years to come. Edge delivers more connected, integrated, scalable and intuitive products that extend further up and down the value chain. Edge current offerings include Equipment Tracking and Production Recording. Cat MineStar Fleet Terrain Terrain for Drilling Terrain for Grading & Loading Detect Vision Object Detection Driver Safety System (DSS) Health Product Link Elite Product Link Elite Data Streaming VIMS Forwarder VIMS Converter VIMS Telemetry VIMS Transmitter Equipment Insights Office Technician Toolbox PitLink Command Command for dozing Command for underground Command for hauling Command for drilling Edge Equipment Tracking Production Recording28-2Applications Technology ProductsPRODUCTCONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSEQUIPMENTCat Link TechnologyCat Link enables you to remotely monitor and manage your equip- All types of equipment. ment so you can reduce costs, increase job site efficiency, and effectively manage your business.Product LinkTMProduct Link wirelessly connects you to your equipment giving you valuable insight into how your machine or fleet is performing. The sys tem communicates location hours, fuel usage, productivity, idle time, and diagnostics codes. Available with cellular and satellite connectivity.Standard on many types of Cat equipment. Retrofits available on Cat or mixed fleet equipment.VisionLink®VisionLink is a telematics software application that enables you to remotely monitor your equipment so that you can make timely, factbased decisions to maximize efficiency, improve productivity, and lower the cost of owning and operating your fleet.Standard on many types of Cat equipment. Retrofits available on Cat or mixed fleet equipment.Basic Health or Advanced Health (Formerly VIMSTM)Provides operators, maintenance, and fleet managers with vital machine health and production information.Basic Health or Advanced Health is available on select Trucks, Track-Type Tractors, Wheel Loaders, Wheel Dozers, Motor Graders, and K Series 4-Drum Soil Compactors.Cat Grade TechnologyCat Grade combines digital design data, in-cab guidance, and on Select models of earthmoving,some machines -- automatic control -- to help operators work more excavation, and pavingproductively and accurately with less rework.equipment.Cat AccuGradeTMCross Slope systems are used for indicate-only guidance or to control Motor Gradersone side of the blade to achieve accurate surface cross slope withoutany off-board infrastructure. This foundational system for motorgraders can be combined with sonic, laser, GNSS or UTS technolo-gies to make fine grading more efficient and productive. Machinemounted sensors are used to calculate necessary blade slope posi-tioning. The system makes automatic adjustments to the left or rightlift cylinder. The in-cab display delivers all of the cross slope informa-28tion the operator needs to quickly and easily spread or cut materialat the correct cross slope. The operator can select which side of theblade to control automatically and swap direction on the return passwithout readjusting the settings. Elevation is controlled manually bymatching grade or automatically by adding an elevation control device(sonic or laser). The cross slope systems are ideal for maintaining accu-rate cross slope over long distances without the need for infrastructure.Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) use satellite technology to deliver precise 3D blade elevation and blade tip positioning information to the operator in the cab. Using machine-mounted components, an off-board GNSS base station and accuracy up to Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning, GNSS provides the information necessary for the system to accurately determine blade positioning with centimeter level accuracy. GNSS systems compute the positioning information on the machine compared to the position of the implement or machine relative to the design plane and delivers the information to the operator via an in-cab display. GNSS systems put all the information the operator needs to complete a job in the cab, resulting in a greater level of control. Provides precise location and elevation information for complex 3D contour applications, such as golf courses and highway super elevated curves.Asphalt Compactors, Hydraulic Excavators, Motor Graders, Soil Compactors, Track-Type Tractors, Wheel Tractor-Scrapers, Landfill CompactorsLaser systems provide precise 2D elevation control for grading with tight tolerances using a laser transmitter and receiver(s). A laser transmitter is set up on the work site to create a constant grade reference over the work area. A digital laser receiver is mounted on the blade of the machine and senses the laser signal as the machine moves across the work site. Laser systems are ideal for the fine grading on job sites with flat, single or dual slope surfaces, such as industrial, commercial or residential building sites.Compact Track Loaders, Motor Graders, Multi Terrain Loaders, Skid Steer Loaders, Track-Type Tractors28-3Technology Products ApplicationsPRODUCT Cat AccuGradeCONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSIndicate-only grade control systems for excavators provide in-cab guidance to indicate how much to cut or fill to achieve accurate grades and slopes. These systems can be combined with laser, GNSS or UTS technologies to make excavating more efficient and productive. Indicate-only systems provide the operator with precise realtime bucket positioning compared to an elevation reference to indicate how far the cutting edge is above or below desired grade. Using a combination of front linkage (stick, boom and bucket) sensors, the system calculates bucket tip position relative to a grade/ survey stake or benchmark. When combined with a laser and receiver, the machine can travel after obtaining a reference benchmark from a laser transmitter to calculate the desired grade for elevation changes over large work sites, significantly increasing productivity. Indicateonly systems combined with laser are ideal for excavations, trenches, and general utility applications.Sonic systems provide 2D "elevation" control using an ultrasonic sensor to maintain accurate blade height. The system traces a previous pass, string line, or curb and gutter and uses the elevation as a reference. The grade control system calculates blade adjustments based on the reference and desired elevation and automatically moves the blade to achieve grade. The operator simply steers the machine to maintain the sonic tracer over the external reference. Sonic systems are ideal for controlling elevation in fine grading applications where curb and gutter or stringlines are used as references such as road construction and road maintenance.Sonic, Contact and Slope Sensors are combined to provide an elevation control system for paving and milling operations designed to control grade elevation and slope. The goal of grade and slope controls is to remove irregularities from the surface for maximum smooth ness and control mat thickness for asphalt pavers and cutting depth for cold planers. The sonic system uses multiple transducers to provide an average of the reference surface while the contact sensor references the actual target to maintain the implement at the same relative vertical distance to an external reference such as a string line or a curb and gutter or even existing pavement. Slope Sensors complement these systems and are designed to control cross slope of the screed or cold planer. These sensors can work individually or together and make automatic elevation adjustments to maintain the appropriate targeted values. The operator simply steers the machine to maintain the sensor over the external reference and monitors the remaining job site variables to ensure a consistent product. Referencing beams are also available both as contact as well as non-contacting styles which help to provide better averaging of the existing surface to help customers achieve their smoothness targets.Universal Total Station (UTS) systems use high-accuracy, dynamic tracking technology on the job site to track a target mounted on the implement of the machine to determine the most precise 3D positioning. The system uses active target technology to reliably lock onto and track the intended target, eliminating false lock-ons to other active machine targets, survey crews or reflective surfaces. The UTS instrument continuously measures the target's position and transmits real-time positioning data to the operator via the in-cab display, which shows the exact position of the implement in relation to the design. The system combines the position of the target with the known position of the implement, blade or tips, machine measurements and sensor outputs to calculate precise positioning of the blade tips. The system uses the positioning data to calculate desired elevation and cross slope. Cut and fill values are computed by comparing the positioning of the blade with the design file.EQUIPMENT Hydraulic ExcavatorsMotor GradersAsphalt Pavers, Cold PlanersAsphalt Pavers, Hydraulic Excavators, Motor Graders, Track-Type Tractors, Cold Planers28-4Applications Technology ProductsPRODUCTCONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSEQUIPMENTCat Grade with Cross SlopeCross Slope systems are used for indicate-only guidance or to control one side of the blade to achieve accurate surface cross slope without any off-board infrastructure. This foundational system for motor graders can be combined with sonic, laser, GNSS or UTS technologies to make fine grading more efficient and productive. Machine mounted sensors are used to calculate necessary blade slope positioning to achieve desired cross slope of the surface. The system makes automatic adjustments to the left or right lift cylinder, typically performed by the operator. Cat Grade Control Cross Slope systems are factory integrated and utilize the existing, standard machine display reducing the need for an additional grade control display for cross slope guidance. The in-cab display delivers all of the cross slope information the operator needs to quickly and easily spread or cut material at the correct cross slope. The operator can select which side of the blade to control automatically and swap direction on the return pass without readjusting the settings. Elevation is controlled manually by matching grade or automatically by adding an elevation control device (sonic or laser). The cross slope systems are ideal for maintaining accurate cross slope over long distances without the need for infrastructure.Motor GradersCat Grade with 3D3D systems use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellite Track-Type Tractors, Wheeltechnology to deliver precise blade positioning and location informa- Tractor-Scraperstion to the operator in the cab. Using machine-mounted components,position sensing hydraulic cylinders, an off-board GNSS base station,and Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning accuracy, these systemsprovide the information necessary to determine precise blade posi-tioning with centimeter level accuracy. The system computes thepositioning information on the machine compared to the position ofthe cutting edge relative to the design plane and delivers the informa-tion to the operator via the standard in-cab display. All the informa-28tion the operator needs to complete a job is delivered to the cabdisplay, resulting in a greater level of control. Cat Grade Control 3Dsystems also provide overcut protection and linkage to additionalCaterpillar exclusive features like AutoCarryTM, Automatic RipperControl and Load Assist. These systems are ideal for high productiondozing and cutting complex 3D contours, such as highway projects.Cat GRADE with Depth and SlopeThe 2D indicate-only system for excavators provides the operator with precise real-time bucket positioning relative to the desired grade. Using a combination of position sensing hydraulic cylinders and sensors on the stick and boom pins, the system calculates bucket tip position relative to a grade/survey stake or benchmark. When used with the included laser receiver, the machine can reference a benchmark and travel while maintaining the elevation reference, even on uneven terrain. The laser receiver references the laser from a transmitter on the job site and calculates the desired grade for elevation changes, significantly increasing productivity. The factoryintegrated system uses the existing machine display, reducing the need for an additional display. Sensors are deeply integrated and protected from damage in rugged applications. Cat Grade Control Depth and Slope is ideal for maintaining accurate grades and slopes in excavations and trenching applications.Hydraulic Excavators28-5Technology Products ApplicationsPRODUCT Cat Grade with Slope AssistCat Grade and SlopeCat Compact TechnologyCONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSSlope Assist systems provide blade slope/angle control to the cutting edge to achieve accurate slopes with a quality surface finish in less time with less effort -- without the need for off-board infrastructure. This integrated machine system uses a blade mounted sensor to calculate necessary blade slope position to achieve desired surface slope and main-fall. The system makes automated adjustments to the lift and tilt cylinders, typically performed by the operator. The in-cab display uses the existing machine display to deliver the information the operator needs to quickly and easily spread or cut material at the correct angle. Two modes are available: basic and advanced. Basic mode maintains the slope of the last given blade command. Advanced mode drives to and maintains a preset target slope. Elevation is controlled manually by matching grade or automatically by adding an elevation control device. This foundational system for dozers can be combined with laser, GNSS or UTS technologies to make grading even more efficient and productive.The Grade and Slope system for asphalt pavers and cold planers utilize a combination of sonic, contact and slope sensors to provide an elevation control system for paving and milling operations designed to control grade elevation and slope. The goal of grade and slope controls is to remove irregularities from the surface for maximum smoothness and control mat thickness for asphalt pavers and cutting depth for cold planers. The sonic system uses multiple transducers to provide an average of the reference surface while the contact sensor references the actual target to maintain the implement at the same relative vertical distance to an external reference such as a string line or a curb and gutter or even existing pavement. Slope Sensors complement these systems and are designed to control cross slope of the screed or cold planer. These sensors can work individually or together and make automatic elevation adjustments to maintain the appropriate targeted values. The operator simply steers the machine to maintain the sensor over the external reference and monitors the remaining job site variables to ensure a consistent product. Referencing beams are also available both as contact as well as non-contacting styles which help to provide better averaging of the existing surface to help customers achieve their smoothness targets. Cat Grade and Slope for asphalt pavers includes vandal protection of the display boxes. Both asphalt pavers and cold planers come factory calibrated, utilize robust harnesses with strain relief components for excellent reliability and durability -- a crucial element for paving applications.Cat Compact combines advanced compaction measurement, in-cab guidance and reporting capabilities to help consistently meet compaction targets faster, more uniformly, and in fewer passes -- reducing rework and material costs in both soil and asphalt applications.EQUIPMENT Select Track-Type TractorsAsphalt Paver, Cold PlanersAvailable on select Cat compactors.28-6Applications Technology ProductsPRODUCTCONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSEQUIPMENTCat CompactCompaction measurement is the foundation system for vibratory soil compactors. Compaction measurement is a real time indication of soil stiffness, provided by one of two available technologies: accelerometer based Compaction Meter Value (CMV) or Caterpillar exclusive energy based Machine Drive Power (MDP). The compaction measurement system outputs to the standard multipurpose display, providing the operator with real time data that helps them determine the state of compaction.B Series Vibratory Soil Compactors, K Series 4-Drum Soil Compactors, A and B Series Asphalt Compactors, CW34 Pneumatic Tire RollerThe scalable compaction measurement system can be upgraded to include mapping. Mapping from the factory is an integrated SBAS accuracy GNSS which uses a satellite technology to deliver drum positioning information to the operator in the cab. The factory integrated design protects expensive and fragile components of the system from damage, theft or vandalism in a way that aftermarket systems cannot. The SBAS system from the factory does not require base stations or other off board hardware, but can be easily upgraded in the field with an AccuGrade RTK radio for greater accuracy. Mapping capability allows the operator to record and map compaction measurement values and pass counts, as well as other compaction application data for future analysis.Cat Compaction Control for asphalt compactors and the CW34 pneumatic tire roller provides mat temperature mapping and pass-count information to the operator, ensuring that compaction occurs at the optimum mat temperature and that uniform coverage is completed.Payload Technology Cat Payload enables accurate weight measurement of material being Available on select Cat wheelloaded or hauled. Payload information is shared with loader opera- loaders, trucks, excavators andtors in real-time to improve productivity, reduce overloading and scrapers.record both weights and number of loads per shift.Cat PayloadCat Payload provides on-the-go payload weighing through an in-cab Wheel Loaders28LCD display so operators can deliver exact loads with confidence andwork more efficiently. Operators can fill trucks to capacity withoutoverloading, increasing productivity and eliminating costly fines. Thesystem records detailed data to track productivity, including time/date, weights, cycles, and more. An optional in-cab printer enablesoperators to print individual load tickets as well as truck and materialsummary reports. Daily summary reports in the VisionLink web por-tal and detailed payload reports in VIMSpc software are available forproductivity reporting and analysis.Cat Payload with Production MeasurementProduction Measurement brings on-the-go payload weighing to cab to help operators deliver exact loads with confidence and work more productively and accurately; without rework. The system is integrated at the factory into the standard cab display. Operators can track load weights in real time and know precisely how much material is in the bucket or truck. Instant payload feedback gives operators the confidence to know when loads are filled to target capacity, which reduces under and overloading, and maximizes the potential of the entire fleet. Payload information is stored in the display, enabling operators to track productivity such as weights, and totals per shift while in the cab. Productivity data can be accessed wirelessly through the VisionLink web portal giving the site supervisor a daily view of production totals and efficiency metrics.Wheel Loaders, Articulated Trucks, Excavators28-7Technology Products ApplicationsPRODUCT Cat Payload with EstimatorCat Payload with Truck Production Management System (TPMS)Cat Detect TechnologyCat Detect with Rear Vision Camera Cat Detect with Work Area Vision System (WAVS)Cat Detect with Tire MonitoringCat Detect with Machine Security System (MSS)CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSPayload Estimator uses bowl lift cylinder pressure on the loaded haul segment to calculate payload. This integrated system provides onthe-go payload weighing through the standard machine display so operators can deliver exact loads with confidence and work more efficiently. Deep integration ensures reliable operation and accurate data (within ±5%). It is optimized to work with Sequence Assist or can be used in manual mode. Productivity data can be accessed wirelessly through VisionLink, giving the site supervisor a daily view of production totals.Truck Production Management System (TPMS) enhances truck and loader effectiveness for improved fleet productivity and reduced operating cost. TPMS offers external lights or an optional digital display to signal the loading tool operator when the proper load is reached. The on-board system provides a payload accuracy of ±5% and stores payload weight, cycle segment times, cycle segment distance and fuel, operator ID and actual clock time and date of each cycle.Cat Detect combines safety and monitoring systems to enhance operator awareness. By expanding your view of the working environment around your equipment, you can improve the safety and produc tivity of your entire operation and keep your people and assets safe.Rear vision cameras greatly enhance visibility behind the machine to help the operator work more productively. On many machines, the camera view is displayed through the standard display.Work Area Vision System (WAVS) is used on larger equipment in applica tions where there are multiple machines, such as in a quarry. WAVS uses up to three cameras to provide full coverage in areas of limited visibility. Views can be set up by camera location (front, rear, side) or programmed to switch automatically based on direction of travel.Tire Monitoring uses sensors located on the rims to display tire pressures and temperatures on the in-cab monitor to help keep fleets running safely and productively. Operators can view real-time information via the Messenger display and work with confidence. Alerts enable operators to take immediate action before a tire failure occurs to reduce downtime. The system optimizes fuel consumption by operating at optimum tire pressures and reduces tire damage and frequent replacements due to high tire temperatures and underinflation. Caterpillar designed and tested aftermarket kits work with multiple machine models and mixed fleets. Remote monitoring via VisionLink helps equipment managers schedule maintenance and make informed decisions.Machine Security System (MSS) prevents unauthorized personnel from starting the machine by using a uniquely coded key that is programmed to a computer chip in the MSS module on-board the machine. The system can be set to prevent unauthorized use outside of normal working hours, and protect from vandalism or theft.EQUIPMENT Wheel Tractor-ScrapersOff-Highway TrucksAvailable on many models of Cat equipment. Standard on many types of Cat equipment. Retrofits available on most models. Optional on larger trucks and wheel loaders.All Cat and mixed fleet machines with tubeless tire rim sizes R29.5 and smaller.Standard on many types of Cat equipment.28-8Applications Technology ProductsPRODUCT Product Link WebCat AssetIQTM KitsENERGY & TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONSEnergy & TransportationProduct Link Web provides features optimized for power systems equipment, including detailed engine parameters. An innovative tool for equipment management, the Product Link Web user-friendly interface enables communication between the customer and their equipment assets, and provides comprehensive information about the performance and condition of the equipment. It also enables the user to customize alerts so that critical operations can be prevented and or receive immediate attention.AssetIQ Kits are field-installed solutions for collecting engine data and information on Cat or other manufacturers' mechanical or basic electronic equipment. Kits are available for Fuel Flow Monitoring Systems and Sensor Kits for basic engines and genset applications.EQUIPMENTOil and Gas, Marine, Electric Power Generation, and Industrial installationsOil and Gas, Marine, Electric Power Generation, and Industrial installationsPRODUCT FleetTerrainMINING TECHNOLOGY & AUTONOMY APPLICATIONSEQUIPMENTCat MineStarFleet is a comprehensive mine management system featuring an advanced truck assignment engine, health and operational event alarming, "what-if" analysis, productivity tracking, machine tracking, material management and a comprehensive reporting package. Integrating with other Cat MineStar capability sets, Fleet improves productivity by 10-15%, eliminates misdirected loads, improves information availability and provides greater flexibility to adjust for changing mine and market conditions.Entire mining fleetTerrain for drilling increases hole placement and depth accuracy while Blasthole Drills, Articulated removing the cost of drill pattern survey and staking. Position and status Drills, Draglines, Scrapers,28information of other drills working on the same pattern is provided to Loaders, Dozers, Shovels,operators in real time on the in-cab display.Motor Graders, HydraulicTerrain for grading ensures accurate execution of the design plan and Excavators, Track-Type Tractors, enables safe operating practices. It can be used on a variety of machines Surface Miners, Terrain Levelersin numerous applications from production dozing to reclamation, allhelping you mine more safely and productively.Terrain for loading provides grade indication for bench management and automatic material information on each pass helping operators to move the right amount of material with every bucket load. Safety, productivity and efficiency are positively impacted and the mine design plan accurately executed.28-9Technology Products ApplicationsPRODUCT DetectHealthMINING TECHNOLOGY & AUTONOMY APPLICATIONS Cat MineStarVision is a camera system available on mobile surface equipment. It provides multiple camera views that improve the operator's awareness of the vicinity around working equipment.Object Detection uses cameras and radars to improve the operator's view of key areas around the machine, allowing operators to make informed decisions. The system works with several machine types increasing machine perimeter awareness during critical periods including startup, initial movement and reverse travel. The system consists of an interactive touch screen display, radars and cameras on the front, rear and sides of the machine. Radar and camera configuration will vary by machine type. The Driver Safety System (DSS) is a non-intrusive, in-cab fatigue detec tion technology that instantly alerts operators the moment fatigue or distraction is identified.EQUIPMENTSurface: Select models of Electric Rope Shovels, Hydraulic Shovels, Off-Highway Trucks, Medium Wheel Loaders, Large Wheel Loaders, Large Motor Graders, Medium Wheel Dozers, Large Wheel Dozers Select models of Off-Highway Trucks, Medium Wheel Loaders, Large Wheel Loaders, Large Motor Graders, Medium Wheel Dozers, Large Wheel DozersSurface and underground mining machines as well as On-Highway TrucksFatigue detection technology works by monitoring eye-closure duration and head pose. If the DSS detects a fatigue or distraction event the operator is immediately alerted through configurable in-vehicle seat vibration and/or audio alarm.The fatigue or distraction event is sent to a 24-hour monitoring center to classify and confirm the event. Caterpillar experts will analyze the data and provide customized reporting with site-level recommendations. By cross-referencing fatigue and distraction events against available equipment data, Caterpillar can provide suggestions to improve operational efficiency.Health delivers critical event-based equipment condition and operating data for your entire fleet. It includes comprehensive, proactive health and asset monitoring capabilities, with a wide range of diagnostic, reporting tools, analytics and recommendations.Cat mining equipment and select models of other brands of mining machines28-10Applications Technology ProductsPRODUCT CommandEdge Equipment Tracking Edge Production RecordingMINING TECHNOLOGY & AUTONOMY APPLICATIONSEQUIPMENTCat MineStarCommand for hauling enables total autonomous operation of large mining trucks. Advanced perception and sensing technologies enable self-driving trucks within the autonomous operating zone to work safely and productively alongside manually operated equipment, such as loading tools, cleanup and maintenance machines, and mine site personnel. Utilizing a virtual mine map and dynamic routes managed from a central command center, autonomous trucks respond to calls to the shovel, move into loading position, haul loads to the desig nated dump points, and even report to the maintenance bay, all without an operator on-board.Select models of Large Mining TrucksOperator Machine Assist (OMA) automates the entire drill cycle for a single-row, including tramming between holes, while the operator remains in the cab of the machine. OMA delivers higher consistent productivity than a typical staffed operation. Semi-Autonomous Drilling System (S-ADS) autonomously drills an entire row without an operator in the cab monitoring from a remote operations center or from a tablet interface. Flexible and simple, the system makes drilling autonomy easy to implement and more accessible for all kinds of operations. Command for drilling takes a building block approach to autonomy allowing customers to enter at their own pace.Caterpillar Diesel MD6250 and MD6310Caterpillar Electric MD6640 (Bucyrus 49R/HR) and Komatsu Electric P&H 120A and P&H 320XPCCommand for underground is designed to enhance safety and boost Available as an attachment foroperator efficiency and effectiveness. The system allows the opera- select models of Hard Rocktor to work from a safe and ergonomic work station far from the Load Underground Mining LoadersHaul Dump (LHD) machine -- either on the surface or undergroundwithout sacrificing machine productivity. The system can also have asignificant impact through increased machine availability, decreasedoperating costs and extended machine life.Command for dozing enables remote operation from a safe location D8T, D10T, D11, D11 CD Track-28away from the machine. Removing operators from the cab of a machine Type Tractorsworking in hazardous conditions promotes safety and reduces operatorexposure to dust, noise and vibration. Command for dozing can uti-lize either an over-the-shoulder operator console or a seated operatorstation for longer term operations. Either system utilizes line of sightcommunications for near machine operation. Or with the addition ofan on board vision system, the operator station can be located any-where on-site or from an off-site command center. Terrain's avoid-ance zone functionality (optional) can be utilized to further enhancesafety.Semi-Autonomous Operation allows an operator to control up to four machines from a Remote Operator Station while semi-automating a push-to-edge or pivot-push (late 2018) application.Equipment Tracking is a fleet management system that replaces pencil and paper with automatic tracking of all mobile assets. It provides highly accurate data that tells supervisors what the fleet is doing, who is operating which machine and how they are spending their time.Entire Mining FleetProduction Recording pairs with Equipment Tracking to deliver an accurate and automated near-real-time solution that measures and reports on every aspect of the load-haul-dump cycle. It gives sites visibility to their entire mining operation and provides accurate, reliable and actionable data with no operator input required.Loading and Hauling Mining Fleet28-11Technology Products Cat TechnologiesCat Technologies Cat Technologies combine the latest in constructiontechnologies and services to help customers improve in four key areas: Equipment Management, Productivity, Safety, and Sustainability. Because every job site has its own unique challenges -- whether running one machine, managing a fleet, or overseeing several job sites -- Cat Technologies enable customers to combine technologies and services in ways that make the most sense for their business and realize significant gains in productivity, efficiency and profitability.Cat Technologies offer the following technologies: Link Grade Compact Payload DetectCat Technologies offer the following services: Cat EMSolutionsTM Caterpillar Fleet Monitoring Center Productivity Services Job Site Solutions Safety ServicesCat Link TechnologyCat Link connects you to your assets (people or equipment) giving you access to essential information you need to know to run your business. Cat Link data can give you valuable insight into how your machine or fleet is performing so you can make timely, factbased decisions that can boost job site efficiency and productivity.Product LinkProduct Link is the combination of GPS and telecom munications hardware used to communicate informa tion about your assets so you can remotely monitor it. The GPS pinpoints the location while the integrated cellular or satellite radio enables data to be transmitted from many locations across the world. The data flows securely to the data servers at Caterpillar and then redis tributed to you.For Cat equipment, Product Link is designed as a fac tory standard or retrofit option for many models deliv ered to more than 50 countries. It is deeply integrated with engine, transmission and implement control sys tems to help you take the guesswork out of equipment management. Easy access to timely information can help you effectively manage your fleet and lower oper ating costs.For other equipment brands, Product Link can com municate basic information -- location, data derived from switches and switch inputs, and publicly available data on the other manufactures CAN bus.The Product Link family provides you the ability to select the right fit options for your fleet operations.28-12Cat Technologies Technology ProductsVisionLink VisionLink is a telematics software application thatallows registered users to securely access information critical to their fleet and job site operations to: Manage assets using site boundaries, asset groups, shared asset views, etc. Manage scheduled maintenance, custom mainte nance intervals, and major components. Monitor equipment health by monitoring fault codes, fluid analysis, tire monitoring and inspections. Maximize asset utilization and efficiency. Manage load counts. Create email or SMS alerts to remotely manage your f leet. Track payload data and fuel burn rates. Create reports Share data from or to other systems, i.e. ERP like SAP, accounting, or payroll.Consult your dealer's Product Link specialist for more details or visit cat.com/PL or Link.Basic Health or Advanced HealthBasic Health or Advanced Health is a fully inte grated technology solution that uses sensors located throughout the machine to monitor crucial machine health, performance and productivity information. Basic Health or Advanced Health captures detailed, up-to-the minute data and displays it for the operator in real-time. The system alerts operators of abnormal machine conditions and provides instructions if action is needed. Data, such as historical trends, histograms, events and more can be transferred wirelessly or man ually to the office for off-board analysis. Basic Health or Advanced Health software and the Health module within the Cat MineStar are predictive analysis tools used to analyze and interpret the data and provide reports that provide actionable information for informed decision making on machine performance, productivity issues, operations improvements, and fleet management. (Available data varies by machine model and type.)Value of Basic Health or Advanced Health For the machine operator Basic Health or Advanced Health establishes two-way communication between the operator and the machine. Real-time machine information allows the operator to make informed 28 decisions that directly affect safety, machine avail ability, and maximize productivity. For maintenance Basic Health or Advanced Health provides an in-depth view of operator and machine performance. This allows maintenance managers and technicians to maximize component life, reduce catastrophic failures, minimize unscheduled down time and improve asset management. For production Basic Health or Advanced Health collects the information needed to monitor equip ment usage, personnel performance, and productiv ity levels. Payload information can be used as an accounting tool, an indicator of cycle time efficiency and truck overloading or under loading.28-13Technology Products Cat TechnologiesCat Grade Technology Cat Grade combines digital design data, in-cab guidance, and automatic controls to enhance grading accuracy, reduce rework, and lower costs related to paving and earth moving in rough, fine and finish grade applications.Cat Grade increases increase productivity by moving material right the first time and achieving accurate grades without rework. These systems compute and track the location of the bucket or blade and compare this information with design parameters to guide to the operator to grade. In-cab displays with easy-to-use operator interface provide grade information in real time. Basic systems provide indicate-only information, while more enhanced systems can signal the machine hydraulics to move the blade to the desired design auto matically. Cat Grade increases productivity, improves performance for less experienced operators, reduces operator fatigue, and enhances overall job site safety.Cat Grade offers customers these advantages and cost-savings: Increase productivity Reduce fuel savings Reduce guesswork and costly rework Reduce survey costs Reduce staking, string lines and grade-checkers Increase material utilization Reduce owning and operating costs Reduce labor requirements and costs Finish jobs faster Work more confidently Extend the work dayMany aftermarket systems exist in the market today, but no system designed by someone other than the OEM can bring the advantages that integration makes possible.Depending on the machine family and the specific application, many of the components necessary for automation are already present on a Cat machine. Cat Grade leverages these components and optimizes the design as only Caterpillar can. Whether it is a sensor, cylinder, display or software, Cat Grade integration is designed to reduce redundant components, protect sensors and allow productivity features to work together.Cat Grade integrates traditional grade control with machine hardware and software in the factory to improve productivity, usability, reliability, job site safety and machine value. It is another example of Caterpillar innovation and technology leading the way for our cus tomers to be more successful.Cat Grade technology is comprised of the following: Cross Slope 3D Depth and Slope Slope Assist Grade and Slope28-14Cat Technologies Technology ProductsCat Compact Technology Cat Compact combines advanced compaction measurement, in-cab guidance and reporting capabilities to help you consistently meet compaction targets faster, more uniformly, and in fewer passes -- reducing rework and material costs in both soil and asphalt applications.Compaction is one of the most critical steps in the construction and road building process. Successful projects rely on achieving target compaction to strin gent design specifications to ensure structural stability of the finished product.Asphalt compaction technologies display mat tem perature in the cab, indicating when and where opera tors need to work to quickly achieve consistent quality results. The system measures mat temperatures in real time, indicating the approach of tender zones and where the operator can work productively.Soil compaction technologies give operators the information and instant feedback they need to achieve uniform results with maximum efficiency. Plus, it helps to identify hidden soil problems that can affect com paction quality.Cat Compact offers customers these advantages and cost-savings: Increase productivity Reduce fuel savings Reduce guesswork and costly rework Increase material utilization Reduce owning and operating costs Reduce labor requirements and costs Provide Quality Control/Quality Assurance Documentation Finish jobs faster Work more confidently Extend the work dayCat Compact provides information about the state of compaction to operators. The optional system comes with a choice of two different measurement technologies, Compaction Meter Value (CMV) and Machine Drive Power (MDP). CMV is an accelerome ter-based system that displays a compaction value that indicates compaction quality. CMV is for smooth drum machines only and works well in granular appli cations and thick lifts. It is a Caterpillar exclusive tech nology that measures rolling resistance -- with the vibratory system on or off -- and correlates it with soil stiffness. MDP is for smooth and padfoot drums and works well in both cohesive or granular soils.Optional 3D Mapping enables temperature or com paction measurements to be mapped to the precise location the operator is working, providing a real time view of progress. Mapping data is recorded to docu ment compaction uniformity and job completion.Cat Compact technology uses the following: Compaction Meter Value (CMV) Machine Drive Power (MDP) GNSS (SBAS) 2828-15Technology Products Cat TechnologiesCat AccuGrade Cat AccuGrade systems are dealer installed technologies that can be used to guide an operator to grade, manually using in-cab guidance, or automatically by controlling the blade movements to help operators get to grade faster, and more accurately. The systems use machine mounted sensors to calculate precise blade/ tool location, slope and/or elevation information. The integrated electrohydraulic valve control module uses the information received from the sensors to control the machine's hydraulic system and automatically adjust the blade's cutting edge to maintain grade on select machines. Depending on the configuration, the operator can select which side of the blade/tool to con trol -- right, left, or both sides. AccuGrade brings to the customer an increase in productivity by up to 40% while reducing their site costs dramatically.Cat AccuGrade technologies include: Cross slope Sonic Site Reference Laser GNSS UTSCat Payload Cat Payload enables accurate weight measurementof material being loaded or hauled. Payload informa tion is shared with loader operators in real-time to improve productivity, reduce overloading and record both weights and number of loads per shift. Production Measurement Payload Estimator Truck Production Management System (TPMS)Cat Production Measurement for Wheel Loaders, Excavators, and Articulated trucks is integrated from the factory and brings payload weighing to the cab to help operators work more productively and accurately; without rework. Operators can track load weights in real time on the in-cab monitor and know precisely how much material is in the bucket or truck. The sys tem uses data from a series of onboard sensors that is processed by the onboard computer to calculate pay load weight. Instant payload feedback through the display gives operators the confidence to work more efficiently and know when loads are filled to target capacity. Truck system also features external payload lights to indicate when the load is full.Payload Estimator for Scrapers uses bowl lift cylinder pressure during the loaded haul segment to calculate payload. When working in manual operation, the system is optimized to work with Sequence Assist for increased productivity with less effort. Deep integration ensures reliable operation and accurate data (within ±5%).Cat Payload maximizes the potential of the entire fleet: Enables operators to consistently fill to target payload Reduces under loading that reduces productivity, increases haul cycles, fuel usage, and operating costs Allows operators to track productivity such as weights and totals per shift Reduces overloading that can cause excessive wear on equipment and haul roads and lead to safety concernsTruck Production Management System (TPMS) enhances truck and loader effectiveness to improve fleet productivity and reduce operating costs. TPMS offers external lights or an optional digital display to signal the loading tool operator when the proper load is reached. The on-board system provides a payload accuracy of ±5% and stores payload weight, cycle seg ment times, cycle segment distance and fuel, operator ID and actual clock time and date of each cycle.28-16Cat Technologies Technology ProductsCat Detect Technology Cat Detect combines safety and monitoring systemsto enhance operator awareness. By expanding your view of the working environment around your equip ment, you can improve the safety and productivity of your entire operation and keep your people and assets safe. Rear Vision cameras Work Area Vision System (WAVS) Tire Monitoring Machine Security System (MSS)Rear vision cameras greatly enhance visibility behind the machine to help the operator work more produc tively. On many machines, the camera view is displayed through the standard display.Work Area Vision System (WAVS) is used on larger equipment in applications where there are multiple machines, such as in a quarry. WAVS uses up to three cameras to provide full coverage in areas of limited visibility. Views can be set up by camera location (front, rear, side) or programmed to switch automatically based on direction of travel.Tire Monitoring enables operators to monitor tire pressures and temperatures on the in-cab monitor. Alerts enable operators to take immediate action before a tire failure occurs and avoid unsafe operation.Machine Security System (MSS) prevents unauthor ized personnel from starting the machine by using a uniquely coded key that is programmed to a computer chip in the MSS module on-board the machine. The system can be set to prevent unauthorized use outside of normal working hours, and protect from vandalism or theft.2828-17Technology Products Cat MineStarCAT MINESTARCat MineStar is a comprehensive suite of technolo gies that allows you to see your entire operation at a glance, then drill down to the individual asset level as required. Its capability sets -- Fleet, Terrain, Detect, Health and Command -- enable you to define the size and scope of your management system based on the needs of your mining operation.For more information on Mining Technology & Auton omy products, visit cat.com/minestar.FleetWith real-time machine tracking, assignment and productivity management, Fleet gives you a compre hensive overview of all your operations. Fleet enhances the management of all types of equipment operations and allows you to easily drill down for more detailed views and analysis. You can generate reporting on select able groups of assets, equipment on a particular site or even individual machines.Fleet works with data from all types of assets and equipment -- including off-highway trucks, wheel load ers, motor graders, wheel dozers, shovels, light duty vehi cles and equipment from other manufacturers -- helping you reduce costs per ton, enhance productivity and boost overall site profitability.Fleet is comprised of five capability packages, which can be purchased and configured based on a mine's particular needs. Production -- Provides real-time visibility of produc tion operations, delivers improved shovel loading performance and increases payload predictability. Position & Material -- Monitors material movement and type, alerts operators and planners of misroutes to ensure material is moved to the proper location. Also monitors machine location for the entire fleet and incorporates playback function to analyze dump movement and haul road congestion. Assignment & Optimization -- Schedules and assigns equipment, maximizes production and shovel utili zation, minimizes truck wait time and manages shift changes and fueling. Data Share -- Allows Fleet to share data made avail able via the licensed capability packages with other applications such as data reporting systems and posi tion monitoring systems via an industry standard interface.28-18Cat MineStar Technology ProductsFleet provides a proven solution suite based on a sin gle trusted set of data for real-time KPI and for standard and ad-hoc reports. It provides the mine with informa tion to: Identify and quantify performance improvement opportunities (within and post shift) Develop strategies to capture performance improve ment initiatives Assign equipment and fleets for maximized produc tion or achievement of material management goals. Capability scales from simple assignment to full truck assignment with linear programming to ensure maximal flexible loader, truck and material capacity utilization Blend materials in order to meet preparation plant quality, tonnage and timing requirements Track machines and materials to ensure correct deliv ery of materials from sources to planned sinks and to monitor equipment routing Manage operators (licensing, shift allocation and rostering) Manage equipment fluids and tires Track equipment productivity capability, consump tion and variance Monitor equipment health including alarms and sensor channel monitoring, pre-start checklists Determine "what if" impacts of making specific changes to the product planCost reduction of 10% and greater can be achieved and sustained using Fleet. Cost reductions are typically realized through reduced equipment, manning, lower fuel and service requirements, while achieving the same levels of productivity.TerrainTerrain enables high-precision management of drill ing, grading and loading operations through the use of advanced guidance technology. It increases machine productivity and provides you real-time feedback for improved efficiency.Along with providing detailed in-cab machine guidance and machine positional information for equipment operators, Terrain makes a wealth of data available to mine managers and site planners -- including up-to-the-minute machine location and operational status, progress toward completion of work plans and more.Terrain gives machine operators the real-time guid ance they need to do their jobs more safely and effi ciently, while providing mine site managers with timely information and advanced tools to help them increase mine productivity, output production and profitability.Terrain capability packages include: Productivity -- Productivity allows the mine to track and analyze machine utilization and productivity by machine type and operator. Reporting tools gener ate information on machine utilization, timelines, 28 operator productivity and other parameters to help identify and correct operational inefficiencies. It also enables the assignment of job tasks to grading and loading tools. Operators can even request the cre ation and assignment of a task to another operator (such as clean-up a spill). The information about each task is tracked and stored for reporting purposes. Position & Material -- The Position & Material capability package allows machines to share posi tion and job status information both on-board and in the office. This knowledge helps reinforce safe operating practices when working in close proxim ity. The Position & Material capability package also enables machine-to-machine cut and fill status shar ing within grading and loading applications in realtime including sharing cut/fill information from draglines to dozers.28-19Technology Products Cat MineStar Data Share -- Allows Terrain to share data made avail able via the licensed capability packages with other applications such as competitive fleet management systems, data reporting systems, and position mon itoring systems via an industry standard interface.Terrain for Drilling Terrain for drilling is designed for installation onelectric, hydraulic rotary blasthole, and articulated drills. It provides production and performance monitoring, strata recognition and GNSS guidance which replaces paint marks and paper patterns with centimeter accu racy and digital drill patterns. Provided as a field ret rofit to machines already operating at mine sites, Terrain uses on-board computing integrated with sen sors to monitor critical machine performance charac teristics. System modules help the operator and site managers enhance drill performance and improve the drilling and blasting operation.Production offers a graphical user interface to pro vide the operator with immediate feedback on drilling productivity and performance. The product minimizes operator input by an array of sensing hardware to detect: Hole depth Reaching target depth Drill pipe changesStrata Recognition analyzes the monitored drilling variables in real-time, determining variability in the hole geology. The different strata horizons are pre sented on the display. The system provides useful and concise information from the start of drilling -- not large amounts of raw data that typify traditional drill monitoring systems. A Blastability Index is determined by the Strata Module and approximates the hardness of the ground. The hole loading requirements and ore grindability predictions are then based on measured rock hardness enabling improved containment of explosive energy and more consistent fragmentation which impact downstream diggability, cycle times, fill factors and reduced costs for material movement. These enhance blending and optimized mill through put rates.Combining Production with Strata Recognition logs: Bit rotary speed Penetration rate Depth Rotary torque or pressure Pull-down pressure Bailing air pressureDrilling practice, efficiency and productivity can then be analyzed and assessed.Guidance adds high precision GNSS to help pre cisely position a drill on a blast pattern without the need for surveying or staking. Guidance uses a moving map display that shows the 3D (Northing, Easting and Eleva tion) of the drill and drill bit relative to the designed posi tion of the blastholes. Once the drill is positioned and leveled over a hole (hole parallelism), the system auto matically determines collar elevation and then calcu lates the designed target depth. Guidance improves the drill's production and utilization, and the operator's ability to consistently drill to the plan. This leads to better rock fragmentation for easier loading. Since holes are drilled to the correct elevation leading to a flatter post-blast surface, the result is smoother pit floors. This helps eliminate rework, enhances the mobile equipment's performance and reduces its wear and tear.28-20Cat MineStar Technology ProductsTerrain for Grading & Loading Terrain for grading & loading moves the materialidentification file and survey system into the machine, eliminating the need for survey stakes or pin flags. A touch screen monitor displays the location of pit bound aries, material type, bench height, and design grade, eliminating operator guesswork. With material types and locations displayed, ore identification and recov ery are optimized.The system is an ideal tool for mine planning, engi neering, surveying, grade control and production mon itoring applications. For example it can be used for: Haul road and bench construction and maintenance Production dozing Leach pad construction and maintenance Reclamation Task List Management Ore grade control and material identification Coal load out terminalsThe system can be used on scrapers, loaders, dozers, shovels, motor graders, hydraulic excavators and tracktype tractors.Terrain features a mobile application for use in light vehicles. Mine supervisors can log in from a laptop or tablet to view progress updates from nearby machines, know the precise location of all Terrain-equipped machines, assign tasks and validate design plans with out having to drive back to the mine office, improving the efficiency of your operations. Updates made on the mobile application are sent back to the office software and then communicated to the applicable machine onboard system in near real-time.DetectOperators often cannot see if another machine or vehicle is too close for safe operation. Detect helps alleviate this potential safety hazard and can also be configured to provide valuable information about site conditions and other assets working in the area.At the most basic level, Detect enhances your opera tors' awareness of the immediate environment around their equipment. A simple touch screen display alerts operators when radars indicate that objects have entered critical areas near the machine. The system allows a quick visual check of these areas whenever the opera tor wants one.Additional capability packages enable Detect to alert the operator to pre-programmed avoidance zones, known site hazards and speed limits. Positional infor mation from Detect can also provide valuable feedback to central office systems and mine site managers.Detect capability packages include: Vision -- Vision offers multiple camera capabilities,allowing operators to select the view or views theyneed on the in-cab display to see what is happeningclose to their machines.28 Object Detection -- Object Detection adds radars while reducing areas of limited visibility and increas ing perimeter awareness. This robust system is scalable to site needs and machine types, providing optimal awareness around equipment.28-21Technology Products Cat MineStarVisionVision for surface equipment offers multiple camera capabilities, allowing operators to manually select the view or views they need on the in-cab display to see what is happening close to their machines. Certain Vision kits are configurable for manual or rotating camera views.Object DetectionObject Detection is designed for machines ranging from large mining and quarry trucks to machines such as wheel loaders and motor graders. This robust sys tem builds on Vision by adding radars to provide opti mal awareness around the machine and notification when an object is detected. With both audible and visual indications, Object Detection helps prevent work area injuries caused by limited awareness. Using a combination of radars, cameras, and a high-resolu tion touch screen display, operators can view the areas immediately surrounding their machine, helping to prevent collisions and accidents.Object Detection is highly integrated with the spe cific machine configuration to optimize radar and camera coverage. The system has been calibrated to provide appropriate fields of view and range. Unlike basic camera systems, Object Detection provides oper ators with audible and visual types of warnings that enable the operator to make informed decisions when moving or operating the machine. This system alerts the operator when an object is in close proximity so they can decide if action needs to be taken to avoid it.28-22Cat MineStar Technology ProductsFatigue and Distraction Management Fatigue, sleepiness and distraction impact each of usevery day and losing focus on a mine site can have seri ous consequences. However, this risk can be managed and mitigated through a comprehensive Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) that incorporates all layers of protection against fatigue. These layers of protection include: Site fatigue assessments Training and education on managing fatigue for indi viduals, managers and supervisors Technology change management 24/7 monitoring Schedule/roster analysis and optimizationCaterpillar is the sole provider of a complete solu tion that brings visibility to risk factors never seen before and applies root cause data to a continuous improve ment process that delivers sustainable culture change.With specialized in-cab equipment that alerts an operator when a fatigue or distraction event is detected and data monitoring to identify risk trends, Caterpillar can help you prevent incidents in the moment and give line of sight to a host of factors that influence safety and operational performance. We also offer safety man agement consulting and training to help you build and sustain a culture that supports your fatigue management system.Driver Safety System (DSS) Fatigue and distraction are an inevitable force ofnature. Their consequences can be costly, even fatal. Intervene before it's too late with a fatigue monitoring system. The Driver Safety System (DSS) is a non-intru sive, in-cab fatigue detection technology that instantly alerts operators the moment fatigue or distraction is identified.Fatigue detection technology works by monitoring eye-closure duration and head pose. If the DSS detects a fatigue or distraction event the operator is immedi ately alerted through configurable in-vehicle seat vibra tion and/or audio alarm.The fatigue or distraction event is sent to a 24-hour monitoring center to classify and confirm the event. Caterpillar experts will analyze the data and provide customized reporting with site-level recommendations. By cross-referencing fatigue and distraction events against available equipment data, Caterpillar can pro vide suggestions to improve operational efficiency.2828-23Technology Products Cat MineStarHealth Cat® MineStar Health assists with improving thereliability of assets, reducing unplanned downtime, and preventing failures that can lead to lost productiv ity and costly machine repairs by providing a wide range of products and services that: Collect and transmit equipment data Monitor critical machine parameters Provide real-time alerts Identify operational trends and patterns Predict failures Provide repair recommendationsHealth offers universal functionality that works with virtually any mine site asset including Surface and Underground, and Other Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) equipment.Key Benefits of Health include: Lower maintenance costs Improved availability and reliability Saved component failures Extended component lifeThe MineStar Health portfolio set consists of the following: Connectivity Enablers to collect, convert and trans mit equipment data. Applications to visualize, analyze and report health equipment data.The Health portfolio also supports Cat and Dealer provided condition monitoring services.Health connectivity products enable your equipment to collect and transmit machine electronic data into locally hosted or cloud-based applications.Product Link Elite Product Link Elite is the combination of GPS andtelecommunications hardware used to securely collect and transmit machine electronic data into locally hosted or cloud-hosted applications for monitoring purposes.Key Features: Dual data path allowing data transfer to both thelocal server and the cloud simultaneously Cat or third-party radio compatibility to suit site preferences Remote f lash capability for easy updating of firmware High-capacity memory storage allowing for storeand-forward of data in the event of poor connectivity Ability to leverage Cat PL641 radio for low precision GNSS needsFor Cat equipment, Product Link Elite is designed as a factory standard or as an aftermarket retrofit option for many models delivered to more than 50 countries.For other equipment brands, Product Link Elite can communicate basic information -- location, data derived from switches and switch inputs, and publicly available data on the other manufacturers' CAN bus.Easy access to timely information can help you effectively manage your fleet and lower operating costs.28-24Cat MineStar Technology ProductsProduct Link Elite Data Streaming Product Link Elite Data Streaming is integratedwith PLE and enables the transfer of over 150 machine health and operating data with up to 1 Hz sample rate.The data transfer is completed via ethernet com munication in an open and accessible format. Data is pushed out via an encrypted configuration into an off-board OSISoft® PI SystemTM to be consumed by third-party applications.Data streaming has buffering capabilities to safe guard data in case of poor or no connectivity on site.NOTE: A one-time Software Enabled Attachment (SEA) is required per machine to enable the Data Streaming functionality.VIMS Forwarder MineStar Health VIMS Forwarder is a local sitesoftware application enabling data transfer from the local Dealer or Customer server to the Cat® Cloud at no cost.It is designed to provide an easy and secure VIMS files processing and merging from Caterpillar and OEMs machines to enable MineStar Health Condition Monitoring applications and services, like Equipment Insights.VIMS Forwarder is installed on a customer's com puter (pc or laptop).VIMS Converter MineStar Health VIMS Converter is a WindowsServer based application allowing efficient conversion of VIMS data files from a proprietary format to a nonproprietary readable format (Comma Separated Value .csv) for ingestion into a system of choice.VIMS Converter is compatible with all legacy and current VIMS files and systems: VIMS 68K with HIM or Product Link Elite VIMS ABL with HIM or Product Link Elite VIMS 3G Product Link Elite (ex-factory and aftermarket)NOTE: Files are automatically sent to the Cat Cloud.Health offers a variety of applications that visualize and report machine electronic data, such as VIMS and Product Link. These data visualization and reporting tools enable equipment reliability analysts, condition monitoring personnel, and/or maintenance managers to make better maintenance decisions.VIMS Telemetry The VIMS Telemetry port is a serial communication port available on many Cat machines at 1 Hz sample rate. VIMS Telemetry enables third-party access to Cat equipment health data by allowing a customer to receive about 92 machine operating parameters and events.To activate VIMS Telemetry, Caterpillar requires customers and their third-party integrators to com plete a Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) for each individual mine site before requesting: A Telemetry Port Events & Parameters document A VIMS Telemetry Port Description documentNOTE: A one-time Software Enabled Attachment(SEA) is required per machine to enable theVIMS Telemetry functionality.28VIMS TransmitterMineStar Health VIMS Transmitter enables the large scale and automated transmission of data from VIMS capable machines back to the Cat® Cloud. This process is followed by a data transfer into the Dealer back-office system via an Application Program Interface (API).The API filters and transfers VIMS files only from machines with a VIMS Transmitter subscription acti vated in the Dealer Services Portal (DSP).28-25Technology Products Cat MineStarHealth offers a variety of applications that visualize and report machine electronic data, such as VIMS and Product Link. These data visualization and reporting tools enable equipment reliability analysts, condition monitoring personnel, and/or maintenance managers to make better maintenance decisions.Equipment Insights MineStar Health Equipment Insights is an off-board, cloud-based application that was developed to allow dealers and customers to view and analyze machine data from Cat and other brands of mining equipment.Users have the option to visualize, analyze and report Machine Electronic Data (VIMS and Product Link)from Cat and select other OEMs Fluids data from Cat® S·O·SSM or third-party fluid sampling providers Inspection data when Cat® Inspect is usedUsers can customize or create their own dashboards by using more than 40 different widget options avail able. The system also provides options to generate automated e-mail reports.Office MineStar Health Office is a server-based healthapplication for customer sites and dealers.It is a data visualization and reporting tool housed on the Dealer or Customer local server with various capabilities including but not limited to real-time event notification, real-time machine operating parameters visualization, remote log-in, as well as flexible and automated reporting system with more than 30 stan dard reports included.Technician ToolboxMineStar Health Technician Toolbox is a PC software application that enables service technicians to perform machine configuration files to compatible payload and VIMS system parameters, and calibrate payload systems on the spot. Users can also trigger snapshots and activate VIMS dataloggers in order to gather critical machine health data.In terms of machine troubleshooting, the VIMS Data can be downloaded and visualized in tables, graphs, and charts for one machine at a time through a customizable dashboard powered by 9 widgets.PitLinkMineStar Health PitLink is a client/server software application that forwards electronic data from a machine to the Caterpillar database (Cat Cloud) to enable a Cat application i.e. Equipment Insights, or a corporate MineStar Health Office database.PitLink also provides site personnel with the ability to perform live channel polling and visualize live machine events as they occur on the machine.The MineStar Health product portfolio enables Cat Condition Monitoring Services for customers who desire a best-in-class predictive based condition monitoring program that delivers real value and cost reduction to an operation.28-26Cat MineStar Technology ProductsCondition Monitoring ServiceCondition Monitoring Service is an offering that partners the maintenance and reliability organization of a mining operation with the strengths of the local Cat Dealer and MineStar Fleet Monitoring Center. The CM Service deploys a Predictive Maintenance Initiative through analytics with the goal of achieving the following objectives: Improve availability and reliability through predictive maintenance. Empower reliability engineers to improve maintenance planning. Extend machine life. Utilize machine condition monitoring data for analytics projects.The service includes:C at Condition Monitoring Advisor Maintenance and health domain experts dedicated to the fleet and located in the MineStar Solutions' Fleet Monitoring Center to provide predictive maintenance recommendations.P redictive Analytical Software Cloud hosted soft ware designed specifically for the mining industry. Our solution uses advanced anomaly detection soft ware resulting in highly confident correlation and causation determination. Our solution is supported by best in class analytical engines for condition mon itoring data, including but not limited to electronic machine events, dataloggers, time series data, pay loads, haul road conditions, work order histories, fluid sample results, and inspection results. Our Condition Monitoring Advisors work directly with a wide support group of Cat experts to include Data Scientists, Performance Engineers, and Product Group Engineers. These subject matter experts have knowledge of component design, component perfor mance expectations, and have access to modeling and FMEA software for faster determination of root cause. Our software applications are maintained and supported within an agile development program, resulting in monthly quality improvements and fea ture introductions.D ynamic Health Data Visualization Cloud hosted application providing real time visibility of machine, inspection, and fluids data at the mine site level, which is used by site reliability engineers and maintenance planners for PM planning, monitoring of critical machine parameters, and analysis of operational trends and patterns.M entoring and Improvement Program Resources deployed to site to support the local Maintenance Team make business process improvements to the maintenance programs.Data Connectivity Hardware and software required to collect condition monitoring data from mining equipment at site and customer or dealer databases for transmission to the Fleet Monitoring Center.Application Program Interface Real time data and information transfer between customer, dealer, and Caterpillar databases to affect the service.2828-27Technology Products Cat MineStarVIMS TRANSMITTER28-28Cat MineStar Technology ProductsCommandCombining the Fleet, Terrain, Detect and Health capa bilities of Cat MineStar, Command enables you to implement remote control, semi-autonomous or fully autonomous mining equipment systems for dozing and underground operations.Taking advantage of proven technologies, as well as significant advances in remote sensing and guidance, Command helps you work more safely and produc tively in a wide range of harsh or challenging environ ments. And Command systems are proven to work safely and seamlessly with other mine site activities, equipment and personnel.Command for DozingCommand for dozing enables machine operation from a safe location with the operator removed from the cab. This system enhances operator safety by limiting expo sure to full body vibration, dust and sound, and slips, trips and falls from machine ingress/egress. The machine can be operated by either an over-the-shoulder opera tor console or a seated operator station for longer term operations. The Console utilizes line of sight commu nications for near machine operation. With the addi tion of an on board vision system, the operator station can be located anywhere on-site or from an off-site com mand center. This system is integrated with engine, implement, and power train controls. Safety controls are built in which stop the machine in case of the loss of radio, transceiver, or ECM communications. The machine will also stop in the event the operator console is tipped. Additional protection features include the use of auto-brakes when in neutral and engine over-speed protection. Perhaps the most unique feature is the inte gration with the Terrain avoidance zone functionality, which prevents the machine from entering predefined avoidance zones.Starting with a Remote Operator Station, a mine site can scale up to Semi-Autonomous dozing capability with the addition of our on-board planner system and MineStar Office. Command for dozing's semi-auton omous system is only available on the D11 (check your serial number for compatibility).Semi-autonomous dozing allows an operator to sit comfortably and control multiple dozers from a Remote Operator Station while automating the dozer pivot push (late 2018) or push-to-edge processes for up to four machines simultaneously. This solution makes next-generation dozing a reality by allowing operation of dozers from a remote location either on the mine site or miles away, and reduces costs by tying multiple machines to a single operator and station.Benefits of Command for dozing include: Enables control of machine from safe location when operating in hazardous conditions. Operator exposure to dust, noise and vibration can be minimized when operating remotely. Numerous emergency stop functions available in the following scenarios: Operator Console is tipped. Off-board transceiver loses power. Radio communications are lost. Communication to on-board transceiver or anyelectronic control module is lost.28 AutoBrake feature prevents machine from coasting while not being controlled. Avoidance Zone (optional) prevents a remotely con trolled machine from entering predefined avoidance zones or 3-dimensional surfaces. AutoRetarder enables engine over-speed protection. Multiple emergency shutdown switches engaged in the cab, on the Operator Console, in the ground-level service center Meets ISO 15817 standards Meets AS/NZS 424028-29Technology Products Cat MineStarApplications Machine recovery Unstable footings Aggressive ripping Misfires Stockpiles Bench slides Steep slopesCommand for Hauling Command for hauling takes advantage of sophisticated technologies to enable Cat autonomous haul trucks to work safely and productively on busy mine sites. More than just an operator-free equipment sys tem, Command for hauling is a complete, autonomous solution that delivers solid, bottom-line benefits for miners who need to work in challenging and remote locations. Highly advanced safety systems enable Cat autonomous haul trucks to operate reliably around other mining equipment, light vehicles and site employees.Automation solves many problems faced by miners in today's competitive environment. With reserves being mined in more remote locations than ever, infra structure requirements and labor shortages pose chal lenges that are difficult to overcome with manned mining operations. Automation resolves some of these challenges while making mines more safe, efficient and productive.Benefits of Command for hauling include: Autonomous trucks work safely with other manned and light vehicles on the site. Multiple, redundant safety features ensure the sys tem functions in a safe, predictable manner. High productivity through near continuous machine utilization. Reduction in process variability and better planning of maintenance and downtime improves operational efficiency. Supports your sustainability efforts by lessening infrastructure needs and operating the equipment as designed, reducing fuel burn, machine downtime and wear part replacement.Command for Drilling The Command for drilling automation solution offersa range of capabilities, so miners can configure and automate the drilling system to meet their budget and the needs of their site. Features and components serve as building blocks that allow customers to easily grow and add features and capabilities at their own pace. Command for drilling, a capability of the Cat MineStar technology suite, helps achieve excellent results through drill automation -- which will ultimately reduce operat ing costs and improve productivity from predrill plan ning to blasting.Semi-Autonomous Command for Drilling (S-ADS) automates the entire drilling cycle for one row, includ ing autonomous tramming, without an operator in the cab. Flexible and simple, this system makes drilling automation easy to implement and more accessible for all kinds of operations. Autonomous drilling enables an operator to manage multiple drills across the mine from a Remote Operator Station (ROS) located on-site or off-site from a remote operating center.28-30Cat MineStar Technology ProductsBenefits of Command for drilling include: Improved accuracy Increased utilization Reduced operating costs Increased consistency Quality fragmentation Increased productivity Multiple redundant safety features ensure the system functions in a safe, predictable manner. Improved blasthole qualityCommand for Underground Developed out of the need to reduce human exposureto injury, the system removes the operator from dangerous situations and allows them to work in a more comfortable, ergonomic environment. The system uses technology to automate and enhance operations, by enabling full and semi-autonomous control of Cat LHD's. Command for underground will increase productivity and make a measurable impact on your mine's bottom line.Command for underground consists of four major sub-systems that support the functionality of the system.Remote Operator Station The Operator Station allows machines to be operatedfrom an ergonomically designed seat in a variety of locations. The operator can safely operate the machine from a mine control room or mobile office, either above or underground. This removes the operator from poten tially dangerous environments in the mine drives under ground. The Operator Station consists of three embedded PC displays, a Cat comfort seat and two joysticks, the other controlling the bucket.Line of Sight Operator ConsoleWith the line-of-sight Operator Console, operators have full control of basic machine functions and knowl edge of critical machine diagnostics at the tip of their fingers -- all at a safe distance from the machine. The ergonomic, durable, and modular over-the-shoulder harness allows for line-of-sight control of the LHD with communications on a 2.4 GHz frequency band. The remote control receiver is mounted on the machine and communicates with the operator console via the machine's electronic control module. The line of sight console can be used to control selected Load Haul Dumps equipped with a Cat line of sight receiver by switching the paired chip in the transmitter.Machine Automation SystemThe Machine Automation System consists of the onboard hardware components that make the Command for underground system function. LADAR, cameras, lights, sensors, antennas, and control modules combine to create a system that provides safety and productivity for your underground mining operation.Area Isolation SystemEnsures that personnel cannot enter or equipment cannot leave the operations area while the machine is in 28 autonomous mode. The operator has the ability to arm and disarm the system to compensate for changing busi ness needs. A barrier control panel is located at each entry to the operations area. These are connected to barriers to ensure the area is secure. The status of each barrier control panel is reported to the programmable logic controller via the Local Area Radio Network (LARN). The programmable logic controller then determines whether the Operations Area should be armed.Local Area Radio Network (LARN)The LARN is a wireless Ethernet data network that enables communication between the machine and the Operator Station. The network uses the 802.11 b/g pro tocols and requires exclusive use of the 2.4 GHz RF spectrum. Signals from the Machine Automation System roam between LARN antennas as the machine moves within the operations area. The signals work primarily over line-of-sight, but can reach a short distance around corners. Video images and data are sent via the LARN.28-31Technology Products Cat MineStarEdgeMineStar Edge is a new technology platform that delivers more connected, integrated, scalable and intuitive products that extend further up and down the value chain. It creates an operational ecosystem that gives visibility to every aspect of an operation, allowing efficient execution of the mine plan and delivering optimal quality to the plant and to the surface. MineStar Edge makes it possible to measure, manage, analyze, and optimize the entire operation. And because it's delivered as a cloud-based, subscription managed application, it lowers costs and delivers a better user experience.The best technology systems available today--when used to their full potential by personnel--deliver information that is about 80 to 90% accurate. MineStar Edge provides data that is 98% accurate. The platform makes use of Artificial Intelligence--data fusion and machine learning--to determine and communicate the accuracy of the information it is providing. Most data is automatically provided by the machines themselves, which eliminates the need for operator input and the risk of incorrect data entry. Near-real-time reporting is one of the most powerful features of MineStar Edge. Having access to the most up-to-date information allows mines to make quick adjustments to meet production goals rather than waiting until the end of the shift to determine if goals were realized. These decisions have an immediate impact on productivity.MineStar Edge allows sites to start small and scale up to a full operational ecosystem. Users select an offering by role, function, or task--paying only for those functionalities they need. This model allows operations of all sizes to scale the technology in a cost effective and efficient manner. Because it is delivered as a cloudbased, subscription-managed application, MineStar Edge lowers network requirements as well as associated costs of deployment, service, and training. Mines are not required to invest capital in servers and database solutions that are sometimes required with mining technology solutions. The cloud-based platform also speeds the time from order to use, and allows automatic upgrades, updates, and fixes. In addition, sites have the option to have some applications hosted locally to ensure higher connectivity and less latency.Equipment TrackingTraditionally, sites have used pencil and paper to keep track of information on the majority of their equipment assets. Even if they leverage Production Recording technology to get data on the load/haul cycle, they have lacked access to the same information for nonproduction machines like water trucks, dozers, graders, drills, light vehicles, etc. MineStar Edge Equipment Tracking provides information on these mobile assets, no matter the manufacturer. It tells supervisors what the fleet is doing, who is operating which machine, and how they are spending their time. By replacing paper with accurate recording, supervisors can better understand utilization and make decisions about equipment investments and effectivity. Equipment Tracking provides insights that help mines better manage their assets, and as a result they deliver more value and mines enjoy a lower overall cost of ownership.Equipment Tracking consistently provides a basic level of information on all assets, including data on locations and movements, velocity, payload, cycle times and fuel level, as well as Service Meter Readings and time utilization. Supervisors can view scheduled and unscheduled downtime along with scheduled and unscheduled operational stoppages. With fuel being one of a site's largest expenses, the ability to visualize and export fueling records is a key benefit of Equipment Tracking. This feature automatically measures fuel events--from when the machine was fueled to what was put in the tank and how long fueling took--allowing operations to manage the efficiencies of their fueling processes and fuel consumptions. It reduces or eliminates errors because data is collected automatically, and also lowers the cost of fuel.28-32Cat MineStar Technology ProductsFeatures and Benefits Gathers SMU data continuously from all assets. Data is no longer gathered manually through operators recording on paper or calling over the radio--eliminating incorrect entries. Delivers high-accuracy data recording, reducing downstream errors when the position is referenced for automatic collection of information. Provides the ability to replay shifts in great detail, helping sites answer Production Recording questions and providing information for incident investigation and material tracking investigation. Records the time that equipment is available, down, operating or stopped due to a nonoperating activity, providing accurate KPIs for use in time utilization models and leading to increased productivity and production. Automatically measures time when the equipment is not being productive and will attempt to classify with a machine-learning approach, reducing or eliminating missed or incorrect time measuring and giving operations information they can use to measure and manage their processes--specifically those that have production loss impacts. Helps sites measure and manage equipment downtime and classify it as scheduled or unscheduled, providing a key indication of the effectiveness of the site's maintenance and reliability programs, which can reduce downtime and lead to improved productivity. Allows operations to better manage and measure equipment operators, including allocating them to machines and tracking performance, and provides operators with KPIs about their personal performance--helping them improve and leading to a more consistent operation and reduced cost per ton. Helps operations improve equipment availability, reliability, and production by measuring, managing and ultimately reducing machine health events and making data easily accessible.Production RecordingEvery mining operation has opportunities hidden within every shift. But how do they find those opportunities if they're not accurately measuring what's happening during that shift? From payload to dig rates to operator breaks--every activity has an impact on productivity and an opportunity to be improved. MineStar Edge Production Recording helps sites find those opportunities by giving them visibility to the entire mining operation. When paired with Equipment Tracking, it delivers an accurate and automated nearreal-time solution that measures and reports on every aspect of the load-haul-dump cycle without requiring any operator input. The result is a boost in productivity and a reduction in the overall operating costs of managed assets: mine, material, and machines. For many sites, traditional comprehensive fleet management systems can be too complex and cost-prohibitive, requiring significant investments in time and money to set up and maintain. Production Recording, however, is an easy-to-use subscription-based solution that delivers the key functionality all sites require: accurate, real-time production data.Production Recording helps mines of all types and sizes improve the efficiency of their operations and 28 increase their overall tons produced. The data it provides identifies opportunities, allows sites to make changes within the shift, and delivers insights on how those changes will impact production if implemented. The accuracy of the data gives personnel such as Pit Supervisors, Mine Managers, and Install Technicians the confidence they need to make quick, real-time decisions related to operational execution. Data can be accessed on a mobile tablet device as well as through a web-based application. A production dashboard provides information on the operation, including defined materials, active load and dump areas, active load and haul equipment, and active crushers. The dashboard enables viewing of hourly production metrics as well as cumulative shift-to-date production metrics for the site, material, load and dump areas, equipment, and the crusher. Beyond the shift, Production Recording allows sites to continually monitor and make operational decisions and implement training that will allow them take advantage of the opportunities they uncover.28-33Technology Products Cat MineStarOpportunities Missed production targets. Every mine has produc tion goals such as total tons moved, dig rate, rate of material put through crusher, etc. All impact man agement's ability to measure progress toward pro duction. Accurate information allows them to course-correct--in real time--to ensure the opera tion is on target. Payload compliance. Under-loading trucks means not getting maximum value from the truck or the cycle and impacts cost per ton. Over-loading can impact component life, boost maintenance costs, and increase unplanned downtime. Finding a balance equates to more effective machine utilization over the course of a shift. Shift changes/long operator breaks. The goal of an efficient mining operation is to effectively use all resources. Shift change and operator breaks, while necessary, must be managed to reduce the impact they have--keeping operators productive and reducing machine idle time. Misplaced loads. When material is dumped in the wrong location, mines take an immediate hit to their profitability. For example, if waste is dumped into the crusher or ore is dumped into the waste pile, the result is lost revenue. And if the blend is inaccurate, the finished product will result in less profit.Features and Benefits: Monitors and provides highly accurate data on load and dump counts, tons moved and Bank Cost Per Meter/Bank Cost Per Yard. Provides the ability to track progress against plan in real time throughout the shift. Allows users to drill down to see the performance of entities such as individual machines, areas, routes, materials, and operators. Calculates and visualizes the expected production at the end of the shift for the site and individual entities including site, load and dump areas, routes, loading tools and trucks, and material. Enables sites to review production records from the point of view of the material transaction and movement from the load face to the dump, including the times, machines and operators involved. Delivers accurate transactional records that can be used as a source of truth for material movements.28-34CONTENTSSelection, Application, Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . 29-2 Tire Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-3Bias Ply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-3 Radial Ply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-4 Tire Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-4 Tire Size Nomenclature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-4 Code Identification for Off-Highway Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-5 Manufacturer Websites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-6 Radial Tire Identification: Michelin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-7 Goodyear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-8 Bridgestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-9 Ton-Kilometer Per Hour Rating System . . . . . . . 29-10 Tire Drive-Away Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . 29-11 Tire and Rim Association Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-12 Tire Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-13 Liquid Ballasting Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29-14TIRES2929-1Tires Selection, Application, MaintenanceSELECTION, APPLICATION, MAINTENANCEProper tire selection, application and maintenance continue to be the most important factors in earthmoving economics. Wheel tractors, loaders, scrapers, trucks, motor graders, etc. are earthmoving equipment whose produc tivity and payload unit cost may depend more on tire per formance than any other factor.Off-the-road tires must operate under a wide variety of conditions ranging from dry "potato dirt" through wet severe shot rock. Speed conditions vary from less than 1 mph average to 72 km/h (45 mph). Gradients may vary from 75% favorable to 30% adverse. Climatic conditions, operator skills, maintenance practices, etc. all may have a profound effect on tire life and unit costs.Although one specific tire construction may be accept able in a variety of applications, no one tire can meet all requirements on any one machine and perhaps not even one job. The many differences in tire requirements on earthmoving machines have resulted in a wide variety of tread and casing designs being made available. The optimum tire selection for a specific machine on a given job should be a joint decision between the user and tire supplier. Several tire manufacturers have technical and appli cation representatives in the field for proper guidance in tire selection.When job conditions change, it may be desirable to select a different tire configuration to meet the new requirements.29-2Tire Construction Bias PlyTiresTIRE CONSTRUCTIONThe pneumatic tire is essentially a flexible pressure vessel utilizing structural members (nylon, steel cable, etc.) to contain the hoop tension resulting from the inflation pressure. Rubber is utilized as a protective coating and sealant over the structural members and makes up the tread pattern which provides the wearing medium at the ground interface. The following brief explanation of the various tire constructions will assist you in selecting tires for your specific application.Two distinct tire constructions approved on all Cat® machines are the BIAS PLY and RADIAL PLY tires. Radial tires are designated by an "R" while a "-" represents a Bias constructed tire. For example, a 45/65-45 tire would be of Bias construction and a 45/65R45 would be of Radial construction. The following is a brief explanation of the principal features of these two constructions.Bias Ply1.B eads -- The tire beads consist of steel wirebundles (3 or 4 in larger tires) which are forced laterally by tire inflation pressure to wedge the tire firmly on the rim's tapered bead seat. The nylon plies tie into the bead bundles. The forces inherent in the tire are transmitted from the rim through the bead bundles into the nylon.2.B ody plies -- Layers of rubber-cushioned nylon cord comprise the tire casing. Alternating plies of cord cross the tread centerline at an angle (bias). The term "ply rating" is an index of tire strength and not the actual number of tire plies.Bias Ply Construction3.B reakers or tread plies -- These, if used, are confined to the tire's tread area and are intended to improve casing strength and provide additional protection to the body plies. Some "work" tires employ steel breakers or belts to further protect the casing.4.Sidewalls -- These are the protective rubber layers covering the body plies in the sidewall.5.Tread -- The wearing part of the tire that contacts the ground. It transmits the machine weight to the ground and provides traction and flotation.6.Inner liner -- This is the sealing medium that retains the air and, combined with the "O" ring seal and rim base, eliminates the need for inner tubes and flaps. 297.Tubes and flaps (not shown) -- Required if the tire is not of tubeless construction with an inner liner.8.U ndertread -- Protective rubber cushion lying between tread and body ply.29-3TiresTire Construction Radial Ply Tire Types Tire Size NomenclatureRadial PlyRadial Ply Construction1.B eads -- A single bead bundle of steel cables or steel strip (spiraled like a clock spring) comprise the bead at each rim interface.2.R adial casing -- This consists of a single layer or ply of steel cables laid archwise (on the radian) bead to bead.3.B elts -- Several layers or plies of steel cable form the belts which underlie the tread area around the tire circumference. The cable in each belt crosses the tread centerline at an angle with the angle being reversed from the preceding belt.4. Sidewalls.5. Tread.6.U ndertread -- Protective rubber cushion lying between tread and steel belts.Bias and Radial Tire AdvantagesTread Life Heat Resistance Cut Resistance -- Tread Cut Resistance -- Side Wall Traction Flotation Stability Fuel Economy RepairabilityBias X XRadial X X X X X XX XTIRE TYPESOff-the-road tires are classified by application in one of the following three categories:1.T ransport tire -- For earthmoving machines that transport material such as trucks and wheel tractors.2.W ork tire -- Normally applied to slow moving earthmoving machines such as graders and loaders.3.L oad and carry -- Wheel loaders engaged in transport ing as well as digging.TIRE SIZE NOMENCLATURETire size nomenclature is derived from the approximate cross section width and rim diameter typically in the format of Tire Width, Aspect Ratio, and Rim Diameter (example: 45/65-45). Available tire types include:1.A wide base tire has a section height to section width ratio in the range of 0.83. As an example, a 29.5-25 tire has an approximate cross section width of 749 mm (29.5") (first number) and a rim diameter of 635 mm (25") (second number).2.A conventional tire has a section height to section width ratio in the range of 0.96. As an example, a 24.00R35 tire has an approximate cross section width of 610 mm (24") (first number) and a rim diameter of 889 mm (35") (second number).3.A low profile tire has a section height to section width ratio in the range of 0.65. As an example, a 45/65-45 tire has an approximate cross section width of 1143 mm (45") (first number), a 65% aspect ratio designated as 65 (second number), and a rim diameter of 1143 mm (45") (third number). If designated 45/65 R39, then the R denotes radial construction.When comparing a wide base tire to a standard base tire, a larger first number on a wide base tire with the same rim diameter does not mean the wide base is larger in overall diameter. For example, the 18.00-25 conventional tire is larger in diameter than the 20.5-25 wide base tire. The 18.00-25 is comparable in overall diameter to the 23.5-25 wide base tire.29-4Off-HighwayTire Identification Codes TiresTire cross-sectionD = Tire Overall Diameter R = Nominal Rim Diameter H = Tire Section Height S = Tire Section Width W = Tire Width (includes ornamental ribs) H S = Aspect RatioCODE IDENTIFICATION FOR OFF-HIGHWAY TIRESThe tire industry has adopted a code identification system to be used for off-the-road tires. This identification system will reduce the confusion caused by the trade names for each type of tire offered by each tire manufacturer. The industry code identification is divided into six main categories by types of service as follows:C -- Compactor Service E -- Earthmover Service G -- Grader Service L -- Loader and Dozer Service LS -- Log-Skidder Service F -- Industrial R -- Agricultural Tractor I -- Agricultural ImplementThe sub-categories are designated by numerals, as follows:Code IdentificationCompactorC-1SmoothC-2GroovedEarthmoverE-1RibE-2TractionE-3RockE-4Rock Deep TreadE-7FlotationGraderG-1RibG-2TractionG-3RockG-4Rock Deep TreadLoader and DozerL-2TractionL-3RockL-4Rock Deep TreadL-5Rock Extra Deep TreadL-3SSmoothL-4SSmooth Deep TreadL-5SSmooth Extra Deep TreadL-5/L-5S Half Tread Extra DeepLog-SkiddersLS-1Regular TreadLS-2Intermediate TreadLS-3Deep TreadHF-4Extra Deep TreadIndustrialF-3Traction TreadAgricultural TractorR-1Regular TreadR-3Shallow TreadR-4Industrial TractorAgricultural ImplementI-3Tractor Tread% Tread Depth 100 100100 100 100 150 80100 100 100 15010010015025010015029250250100 125 150 25029-5Tires Tire Manufacturer WebsitesFor additional information about tire specifications, tread pattern, air pressure, TKPH, etc, please refer to the Manufacturer Website:MichelinMichelinEarthMover.comBridgestone Maxam Camso TriangeBridgestone.com MaxamTire.com Camso.co TriangleTiresUS.comFirestone Titan Continental Yokohama GoodyearFirestoneTire.com Titan-Intl.com Continential-Tires.com Y-Yokohama.com GoodyearOTR.com29-6Radial Tire Identification MichelinTiresRADIAL TIRE IDENTIFICATIONCode Identification for Michelin TiresAll Michelin earthmover tires are radial construction, designated by the "X" marking. They contain a single steel radial ply with a series of steel belts placed around the tire's circumference which reinforce and stabilize the tread.Following are the tread designs currently available from Michelin with the different internal constructions depending on the application.Type A4 Particularly resistant to cuts, tread tearing and abrasion on very rough surfaces.Type AParticularly resistant to cuts, tread tearing and abrasion at average speeds which are higher than those for A4 (above).Type MB4 Compromise solution between abrasion resis-tance and average speed on rough surfaces (from 49 inches) with a higher wear resistance than the Type B4.Type B4 Compromise solution between abrasion resistance and average speed on rough surfaces.Type B Higher resistance to internal heat generation on surfaces which are not particularly rough.Type MC4 Adapted to running on long cycles at high speeds on well-maintained roads with a higher wear resistance than the Type C4.Type C4 Adapted to running on long cycles at high speeds on well-maintained roads.Type CVery high resistance to high/average speeds on long cycles running on well-maintained roads.Since Michelin radial tires contain a single steel casing ply, they utilize the industry method of designating radial tire strength in terms of "stars." Their system consists of a one star, two star, and three star rating as an indication of the tire's carrying c apacity. The one star is the lightest construction, generally used on work and slow moving transport machines. Two star tires are used on most medium and high speed transport machines. Three star construction provides the greatest carrying capacity for a given size and is only available in small standard base tires.This combination of tread designs and types of construction provides a range of radial tires which cover most earthmoving applications. We recommend that in applying steel radial tires to your machines you provide all site condition data to the tire manufacturer. Obtain their recommendations as to which tire will provide the most economical operation.2929-7TiresRadial Tire Identification GoodyearCode Identification for Goodyear Radial TiresAll Goodyear steel radial earthmover tires have been designated Unisteel followed by a three or four digit alpha-numeric code that identifies the particular tread. For example, for a RL-2+, RL stands for Rock Lug and indicates that the upper sidewall has rock protection. The number in the code corresponds to the tire industry identification system (2-traction, 3-rock, etc). The fourth digit, if any, is used to designate tread design differences for the same basic tread type.Following are the radial tread designs currently available from Goodyear with the compound and construction types depending on the application.Compound DescriptionHigh Heat Resistant Heat Resistant Standard Abrasion Resistant Ultra Abrasion ResistantCompound Code2 3 4 6Construction DescriptionStandard Heavy Duty Extra Heavy Duty Steel Breakers Heavy Undertread Low Angle BeltsConstruction CodeS H HW J U SLTread Design AT-2A GP-2B GP-3D GP-4B GP-4B AT GP-4C GP-4D RL-2+ RL-2F RL-3+ RL-3A RL-3J RL-4 RL-4A RL-4B RL-4H RL-4H II RL-4J RL-4J II RL-4K RL-4M+ RL-5K RM-4A+ RM-4B+ RT-3A+ RT-3B RT-4A RT-4A+ TL-3A+Tread Compounds2S 4S 6SXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXPrimary TRA Code(s) E-3/L-3 E-3/G-3/L-3 E-3/L-3 E-4 E-4/G-4 E-4/G-4/L-4 E-4/L-4 E-3/G-3/L-3 E-2/G-2/L-2 E-3 E-3 E-3 E-4 E-4 E-4 E-4 E-4 E-4 E-4 L-4 E-4 L-5 E-4XXX E-3X L-3XXX E-4XXX E-4XXX E-3/L-3A star rating system instead of the ply rating system indicates the casing strength of radial tires. These symbols indicate the recommended inflation for a particular tire load. Following the star rating code is Goodyear's Custom Compound and Construct ion code. For a tire designated "2S" the 2 indicates a heat resistant compound and the S indicates standard construction. The higher the number the greater the abrasion and cut resistance with a corresponding lower TKPH/TMPH rating.29-8Radial Tire Identification BridgestoneTiresCode Identification for Bridgestone Radial TiresThe Bridgestone steel radial earthmover has been designated as V-Steel. Following are the radial tread designs currently available from Bridgestone with the compound and construction types depending on the application.Bridgestone Compound and Structure Codes1A Standard2A Cut-Resistant2V Special Cut Resistant (Steel Breaker)2Z Special Cut Resistant (Side Steel Breaker)3A Heat-ResistantEEarthmoverGGraderDLoader and DozerSLoggingTread Design Tread NameVELS V-Steel E-Lug S VELSL V-Steel E-Lug S VFT V-Steel F-Traction VHS V-Steel H-Service VJT V-Steel J-Traction VKT V-Steel K-Traction VLT V-Steel L-Traction VLTS V-Steel L-Traction S VMT V-Steel M-Traction VMTP V-Steel M-TractionPremium VMTS V-Steel M-Traction S VRDP V-Steel Rock DeepPremium VREP V-Steel RockE-Premium VRF V-Steel Rock Fast VRL V-Steel R-Lug VRLS V-Steel R-Lug S VRPS V-Steel Rock PremiumService VRQP V-Steel Rock QuarryPremium VSB V-Steel S-Block VSDL V-Steel D-Lug VSDT V-Steel Super DeepTraction VSMS V-Steel SmoothTread-MS VSNL V-Steel N-Lug VSNT V-Steel N-Traction VSW V-Steel Snow Wedge VTS V-Steel Traction-Stability VUT V-Steel Ultra Traction VZTP V-Steel Z-TractionPremium VZTS V-Steel Z-Traction STread CompoundsPrimary TRA1A 2A 2V 3A Code(s)XXX E-4X E-4XXX E-2X E-2XE-3/L-3XXE-2/G-2/L-2XXX E-3/L-3XE-4/L-4XXX E-3/L-3XX XXX E-4 X E-4/G-4XXX E-4XX X X XXX E-4 X E-3E-3 X E-4XXX E-4XE-4XE-2XL-5XL-5XX X X XL-5S L-4 E-4/L-4 G-2/L-2XL-3XG-2/L-2XX XXX E-4 X E-4The casing strength, i.e., load carrying capacity of tire is indicated by star rating system; 1-star, 2-star and 3-star. Bridgestone's Off-the-Road tires are designed and produced to meet the commonly accepted international standards, those set by the TRA (Tire and Rim Associa tion) in the U.S.A., by the ETRTO (European Tire and Rim Technical Organization) in Europe and/or by the JATMA (Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers' Asso ciation) in Japan. Where differences exist between the TRA, ETRTO and JATMA standards, Bridgestone selects the most appropriate.Code Identification for Eurotire Radial and Bias TiresEurotire manufactures a range of bias-ply and radial tires for use on mining equipment. Eurotire steel radial tires are designated with an "EU." The following are the radial tread designs currently available from Eurotire with the compound and construction types for a variety of applications.Compound Description Heat Resistant Intermediate Abrasion ResistantCompound Code H S ACompound CodeTread Design H S A TRA Code(s)EUROK EUTRAKX XX --XXE429E3, E4, L4Eurotire radial tires are marked with a star rating system to indicate casing strength. Eurotire manufactures 2 star radial tires.It is important to understand the specific usage and operating conditions of your job site so that the most appropriate tire choice can be determined. Eurotire representatives can help you make the most informed decision regarding tire choice, including weighing the benefits of radial vs. bias, selecting between different tread designs and compounds and providing service solutions to best suit your specific needs.29-9Tires Ton-Kilometer Per Hour Rating SystemTON-KILOMETER PER HOUR (TKPH)Tire selection and machine operating practices have, in some cases, become the critical factors in the over-all success of earthmoving ventures. One of the most serious problems occur when tires are operated at temperatures above their capabilities. Separation and related failures occur. To help you avoid temperature related failures, Caterpillar has been instrumental in developing the TonKilometer Per Hour (TKPH), also known as Ton-Mile Per Hour (TMPH), method of rating tires. The formula to convert a TKPH rating to a TMPH rating is:TMPH = TKPH 0.685Heat and Tire FailureTire manufacturing requires heat in the vulcanizing process converting crude rubber and additives into a hom*ogeneous compound. The heat required is typically above 132° C (270° F).A tire also generates heat as it rolls and flexes. Heat generated faster than it can be radiated into the atmosphere gradually builds within the tire and reaches maximum level at the outermost ply or belt.Over time, enough heat can develop from overflexing to actually reverse the vulcanizing process or "revert" the rubber causing ply separation and tire failure. Only a brief time at reversion temperature initiates the failure. Experience shows that few pure heat separation cases occur. Most so-called heat separations are in tires operating below the reversion level.As a tire's operating temperature increases the rubber and textiles within significantly lose strength. The tire becomes more susceptible to failures from cornering, braking, impact, cut through, fatigue and heat separation. If operating tires at higher temperatures is absolutely necessary, it is essential the machines be operated to reduce the probability of premature tire failure. No hard cornering without superelevation, no panic braking, etc.The TKPH formula was developed to predict tire temperature buildup. The system is a method of rating tires in proportion to the amount of work they can do from a temperature standpoint. It utilizes the product of load speed to derive an index of the tire temperature buildup. Even at or below a tire's TKPH, failures may be initiated by overstressing the tires.It is possible by using a needle type pyrometer to measure temperature at any desired point within the tire casing. However, the instrumentation and the technique does not lend itself to general field use. The greatest difficulty is locating the thickest (therefore the hottest) tread bar in any given tire using giant calipers. The tire must then be drilled along the centerline of this bar from shoulder to shoulder at 52 mm (2") intervals. These 3.18 mm (1/8") diameter holes extend down through the tread and undertread to the topmost reinforcement. This procedure is fully described under SAE Recommended practice J1015.The TKPH rating system as given in this SAE specification is approved by most tire manufacturers. Michelin, in addition to providing TKPH ratings has developed their own speed/load carrying rating system and we recommend that Michelin be consulted where high tire temperatures are a concern.Heat generation in a specific tire at recommended pressure depends on three factors: the weight the tire is carrying (flex per revolution), t he speed the tire is traveling over the ground (flexuresover a period of time), and the air temperature surrounding the tire (ambienttemperature) and road surface temperature.Once a tire manufacturer has determined a tire's temperature characteristics and expressed them in TKPH, the above listed specific job conditions can be used to determine any tire's maximum work capacity. These conditions provide on site ability to predict and avoid costly tire separations.29-10Ton-Kilometer Per Hour Rating System Tire Drive-Away RecommendationsTiresTon-Kilometer-Per-Hour Rating SystemThe tire TKPH can be matched to the site TKPH as well as compared with TKPH values of different makes and types of tires.TKPH Job Rate Average Tire Load Average Speed for the shiftAverage Tire Load "Empty" tire load + "loaded" tire load 2Average Speed Round trip distance in kilometers number of trips Total Hours (in the shift)For excessive haul length (32 kilometers or more) consult your tire representative for modification to the TKPH value.To use in the United States Customary System, change kilometers to miles and use short tons.It should be noted that prolonged operation at high casing temperatures can fatigue the nylon at the flex points in the sidewalls.The following are the most recent TKPH ratings as made available by Goodyear, Michelin and Bridgestone, and are subject to change on their part at any time. Other tire manufacturers' TKPH ratings will be included in future handbook editions when and if made available. For latest TKPH ratings, consult specific tire manufacturer at time of machine and/or tire purchase.Load-and-Carry TKPHThe wheel loader, when used in load-and-carry applications, may encounter temperature problems similar to those normally associated only with tires on scrapers, trucks and wagons. Do not place the vehicle in load-andcarry applications without first consulting the tire manufacturer, or obtaining maximum load and speed ratings and pressure recommendations from the tire manufacturer.Conventional and Radial Steel Cord Tire OptionsTire options now provide types to operate in conditions ranging from rock and abrasive materials, to jobs with high speed hauls in good materials.The best tire type can be different for the drive tires than for other tires on the same machine. TKPH should be calculated for all tires.TIRE DRIVE-AWAY RECOMMENDATIONSHeat separation can be a problem during machinedelivery and moving machines from one job to another.Whenever roading earthmoving machines, check yoursupplier for the tire manufacturer's recommended speedlimitations on the specific tires involved.Some tire manufacturers also recommend that vehiclesequipped with extra tread depth or special compoundedtires should not be roaded without their specific approval.Our tests support this recommendation, especially forL-3, L-4, E-4 and L-5 tires.29Because of the variance between specific tires it is recommended that at the time of purchase you check with your tire supplier for the manufacturer's specific TKPH ratings for the tires purchased.29-11TiresTire and Rim Association Ratings Tire SelectionTIRE AND RIM ASSOCIATION RATINGSWhile the TKPH Rating System provides a method to determine the tire's work capacity, Tire and Rim Asso cia tion Ratings provide a guide for evaluating a tire's structural capacity. These two rating systems should be used in conjunction to evaluate tire performance.TIRE SELECTIONSelecting the optimum tire for a given application is particularly critical for earthmoving. The machines have the capability to outperform the tires and, unless proper practices are observed, very costly premature tire failures can occur. Job conditions vary greatly throughout the world, as well as within any given job site, and selecting the optimum tire requires careful consideration of all factors involved. In general, the tire manufacturer should be consulted before making the selection for any given application. In some cases, the tire manufacturer can fabricate tires specifically tailored for a given job site.For those applications where wear is extremely slow, especially as a result of only occasional operation through out the year, the cheapest lightweight tire needs to be given strong consideration.As job conditions become severe, the following factors should be evaluated in selecting a tire:Transport or Load-and-carry -- TKPH (primary consideration) Minimum approved star/ply rating or greater Largest optional size Thickest tread commensurate with TKPH Most cut resistant tread commensurate with TKPH Belted constructionGrader -- Tire load rating suitable for maximum equipped machine weight (See Tire Load Worksheet on next page)Application specific tire (snow, construction, road maintenance, mining, general purpose, all season)Bias or radial based on initial cost, puncture resis tance, rolling resistance, life to retread/repairLoader or Dozer -- Minimum approved ply rating or greater Largest optional size Thickest tread Thickest available undertread Buttressed shoulder Most cut resistant tread Belted construction Lowest aspect ratioAll tires should be operated at the tire manufacturer's recommended inflation pressure for a given application. Inflation pressure should be checked every working day with an accurate gauge. This gauge should be checked against a known standard such as a dead weight tester at least once a month.Excess loads may result from factors such as varying material density, field modifications to equipment, mud accumulation, load transfer, etc. Only under these conditions may the actual in service tire load exceed the rated machine load. When excess loads are encountered, cold inflation pressures must be increased to compensate for higher loads. Increase tire inflation pressure 2% for each 1% increase in load.Bias Ply Radial PlyMaximum Excess Load15%7%Pressure 30% 14%The above loads will result in reduced tire perfor mance and must be approved by the tire manufacturer.The use of chains is difficult to justify except under a few conditions. Chains are very costly and heavy, and require more maintenance than most operations can provide. On some models sufficient clearance does not exist for chains with all tire combinations. Extensive modifications may be required if chains are needed for the job.Foam filling tires is normally not recommended due to high cost and lack of local filling facilities. Its use should be confined to loader and dozer applications where penetrations occur almost daily. If foam is used be sure to adhere to recommended e quivalent pressures of nitrogen and use highest available ply rating. Consult tire manufacturer for specific warranty concerns.29-12Tire Selection GuideTiresTIRE SELECTION GUIDEMaterialSilt and clay: No rock High moisture contentRoad or Ground Condition Good varying to poor High rollingresistanceHaul Trucks and Wheel Tractor-ScrapersE-2 (Traction)TreadsWheel Tractors or Wheel LoadersL-2 (Traction)Graders* G-2 (Traction)Silt and clay: Some rock Variable moisturecontent Good varying to poor E-3 (Rock) E-2 (Traction)L-3/L-4/L-5 (Rock) L-2 (Traction)G-3/G-4 (Rock) G-2 (Traction)Silt/clay/gravel/sand: Excellent to good Low moisture content Firm surfaceE-3/E-4 (Rock)L-3/L-4/L-5 (Rock)G-3/G-4 (Rock) L-3/L-4/L-5 (Rock)Silt/clay/gravel/sand: Poor High moisture content Rutted Pot holesE-3/E-4 (Rock)L-3/L-4/L-5 (Rock)G-3/G-4 (Rock) L-3/L-4/L-5 (Rock)Blasted rockHard surface, roughE-4 (Rock)L-5 (Rock) L-5S (Smooth)G4 (Rock) L-4/L-5 (Rock)Sand: Very low silt/claycontentGood to fair surfaceE-3 (Rock) E-7 (Flotation)L-3 (Rock) L-3S (Smooth)G-3 (Rock) Low pressure*NOTE: In some cases, an L type tire is appropriate for use on a Grader application, consult your tire supplier for proper tire selection.Optimal pressures may vary depending on specific applications and working conditions. Always consult your local tire supplier for operating pressures.2929-13TiresLiquid Ballasting Table 75% FillageBIAS PLY TIRESRADIAL PLY TIRESTire SizeWeight Increase Per TireMixing ProportionsCaClWaterWeight Increase Per TireMixing ProportionsCaClWaterkglbkglbLgalkglbkglbLgal13.00 × 24TG1884145512213235185407571251283414.00 × 24TG2154756314015140256565791731794715.5 × 251924235612513636224493691511554116.00 × 24TG33373598217234623557831092402466517.5 × 252625777717018549311686952102165718.00 × 2545410021342963228550211071543403489218.4 × 3441791912327229578------------20.5 × 25405892119263284754489871373033108223.1 × 26522115115434036797------------23.5 × 255851291173382412109633139619442843911624.5 × 327031549207458496131------------26.5 × 257581671224494533141841185325856858315426.5 × 297521658222490530140928204528462764417028L × 267091563209462500132------------29.5 × 2597021392866326851811073 236832872374519729.5 × 291050 23153106847381951190 2623365804825218875/65 × 29------------1445 3186429946101626829.5 × 351159 25563447588212171286 283539486989223630.5L × 328741928258570617163------------33.25 × 351485 327543996810482771592 35084871074 110529237.25 × 351712 37755051115 12113202128 46926531439 147639038 × 391870 41235521218 1317348------------35/65 × 331339 29533968739422491430 315243896799226240/65 × 392077 45806141353 14653872194 48366731483 152240241.25/70 × 391897 41835611236 1336353------------45/65 × 452548 56177531659 1794474------------NOTE: Ballast weight for bias ply tires from Goodyear data, radial ply weights from Michelin data. Contact your tire supplier for additional information. Under abnormal tire wear conditions, ballasting of rear tires may be desirable. Ballasting of front tires also should only be done where extremely rapid tire wear rates are encountered. Excessive weight will reduce machine performance.NOTE: Fillage beyond 75% of tire enclosed volume is not recommended. With liquid ballasting, inflation pressure must be checked at least once per day.NOTE: 1.6 kg (31/2 lb) Calcium Chloride per gallon water. Solution weighs 4.6 kg (10.15 lb) per gallon.NOTE: Total machine mass including all attachments in operating condition, all reservoirs at full capacity and ballasted tires must not exceed certification mass listed on the ROPS certification label.NOTE: Special air to water valves are required for liquid filled tires.Consult the tire manufacturer before adding Ballast to any tire.29-14SEBD0351-50© 2022 Caterpillar · All Rights Reserved CAT, CATERPILLAR, LET'S DO THE WORK, their respective logos, "Caterpillar Corporate Yellow," the "Power Edge" and Cat "Modern Hex" trade dress as well as corporate and product identity used herein, are trademarks of Caterpillar and may not be used without permission.
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